核仁组成区嗜银蛋白和肾肿瘤临床关系的研究

目的：探讨核仁组成区嗜银蛋白（ＡｇＮＯＲ）和肾肿瘤的分类、临床分期的关系。方法：用胶体银技术对１１６例肾肿瘤和１１例正常肾组织进行ＡｇＮＯＲ计数并进行分析。结果：ＡｇＮＯＲ计数在肾盂癌、肾细胞癌和Ｗｉｌｍ氏瘤中分别为５．２３±１．４、４．１２±１．２和３．９８±０．９；肾错钩瘤和正常肾组织分别为１．８６±０．９和１．６３±０．７；ＡｇＮＯＲ计数在肾脏良恶性肿瘤之间差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１），肾细胞癌临床Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ期ＡｇＮＯＲ数目分别为３．６５±０．３、４．０２±０．５、４．６２±０．３和４．５８±０．４。结论：ＡｇＮＯＲ计数随肾细胞癌的临床分期升高而增加，可作为鉴别肾脏良恶性肿瘤的重要参考指标     

抗人胰岛素原单抗的制备及其IRMA的建立

建立胰岛素原（ＰＩ）免疫放射测定法（ＩＲＭＡ）并初步用于临床．方法：通过杂交瘤技术制备抗ＰＩ单克隆抗体，建立了ＰＩＩＲＭＡ，测定了正常人、非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（ＮＩＤＤＭ）患者及胰岛素瘤患者空腹和餐后１小时血清ＰＩ含量．结果：共获得４株抗人ＰＩ单抗（２Ａ６，４Ａ２，４Ｅ１０，４Ｈ９）．其中４Ｈ９单抗所针对的抗原决定簇位于胰岛素的Ａ链或Ｂ链与Ｃ肽的连接部位；另外３株单抗则针对ＰＩ的胰岛素部位．血清ＰＩＩＲＭＡ灵敏度为１．９ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ，与胰岛素及Ｃ肽均无交叉反应．测定正常人空腹及餐后１，小时血清ＰＩ分别为５．５±３．３ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ、１７．３±６．４ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＮＩＤＤＭ患者分别为９．４±４．５ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ、３１．８±９．４ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ，１例胰岛素瘤患者术前及术后１周空腹血清ＰＩ分别为１０６ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ、５７ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ．结论：血清ＰＩＩＲＭＡ具有特异性强、灵敏度高的特点，对于胰岛素瘤的诊断和研究ＰＩ在生理及病理情况下对人体的作用具有重要意义．     

正常寰枢间放射学测量及临床意义

通过对１２０ 名正常国人寰枢椎放射学测量，提供临床放射学意义。拍摄颈椎侧位屈曲位，伸展位和中立位Ｘ光片，测量３ 项指标：寰齿间距（ＡＤＩ） ，脊髓有效间隙（ＳＡＣ） 和脊髓有效间隙变化率即不稳定指标（ＩＩ） ，所得结果进行统计学分析。测量结果，正常成人ＡＤＩ中立位、屈曲位、伸展位分别为１ ．３６ ±０ ．６２（ｘ ±Ｓ，下同）ｍ ｍ ，（１．３１ ±０ ．６８）ｍ ｍ 和（１ ．３５ ±０ ．７５）ｍ ｍ 。ＳＡＣ分别是（２０ ．３ ±１ ．１）ｍ ｍ ，（２０ ．１ ±０ ．９）ｍ ｍ ，（２０．４ ±１ ．３）ｍ ｍ 。ＩＩ为（１１ ．８５ ±４ ．５６） ％ 。结果提示ＡＤＩ≥４ ｍ ｍ 时即可诊断寰枢椎不稳，≥３ ｍ ｍ 时应高度怀疑寰枢椎不稳。ＳＡＣ≤１４ ｍ ｍ 可论断Ｃ１ 平面椎管狭窄。ＩＩ≥２２ ％ 即有临床诊断意义。     

特异性寡核苷酸探针检测胰岛素依赖型糖尿病病人HLA—DR基因频率

为了探讨ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ基因在胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（ＩＤＤＭ）发病机制中的作用，利用聚合酶链反应技术及３０个特异性寡核苷酸探针检测３２例中国北方汉族ＩＤＤＭ病人及２５５名正常中国北方汉族人的ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ基因频率的分布。结果ＩＤＤＭ组ＤＲ３和ＤＲ４频率分别为２５．０％和４０．６％，明显高于正常组（８．６％和１８．６％），ＤＲ３和ＤＲ４的相对危险率分别为３．５１和３．１０。提示ＤＲ３、ＤＲ４与ＩＤＤＭ易感性     

卵巢癌组织中CA－MoV18抗原的定量放射自显影测定

测定卵巢组织标本中抗原的含量．方法：对３３份卵巢组织标本用放射性碘标记单克隆抗体ＭｏＶ１８进行定量放射自显影测定．其中２２份为卵巢癌，７份为卵巢良性肿瘤，４份为正常卵巢组织．结果：１９份浆液性卵巢癌中，１７份有ＣＡ-ＭｏＶ１８抗原表达，含量为１．３０～５９．２８ｐｍｏｌ／ｇ组织．３份粘液性卵巢癌及１１份非恶性卵巢组织中（７份良性病变，４份正常组织）未测得ＣＡ-ＭｏＶ１８抗原．结论：ＣＡ-ＭｏＶ１８抗原在浆液性卵巢癌中有表达，其含量与肿瘤组织中标记抗体含量（％ＩＤ／ｇ）有关．关键词     

骨关节病滑膜细胞凋亡和癌基因表达

为了探索骨关节病在细胞和分子水平上的发病机理，观察了骨关节病的关节滑膜细胞的凋亡和癌基因表达。采用ＤＮＡ末端转移酶介导的凋亡细胞原位检测技术，检测正常滑膜和病理滑膜细胞程序化死亡，同时，采用免疫组化法观察ｐ５３，ｅｒｂＢ－２和ＰＣＮＡ在滑膜细胞中的表达。结果发现骨关节病中有，７７．８％出现滑膜细胞凋亡，与正常对照有明显差别。病理组中癌基因表达昨３阳性占７１．４％，ｅｒｂＢ－２阳性占７１．４％，ＰＣＮＡ在正常和病理滑膜细胞中均呈阴性表达。说明细胞凋亡和多种癌基因的产物有关，ｐ５３和ｅｒｂＢ－２对细胞凋亡有调节作用。     

妊娠晚期转氨酶升高与妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症关系探讨

目的：探讨妊娠晚期转氨酶升高与妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症（ＩＣＰ）关系。方法：对１４２例育龄期正常妇女及２４４例妊娠晚期孕妇血清中谷丙转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）、谷草转氨酶（ＡＳＴ）、总胆红素（ＴＢＩＬ）、碱性磷酸酶（ＡＬＰ）和总胆汁酸（ＴＢＡ）进行检测分析。结果：孕妇转氨酶升高时，ＴＢＡ和ＴＢＩＬ升高分别达６１．４％和２１．７％，所有孕妇ＡＬＰ均升高，ＴＢＡ升高与转氨酶升高有较高的相关性。结论：如果排除肝脏的原     

溃疡性结肠炎的红细胞免疫与HLA相关性研究

从免疫，遗传学角度对３２例溃疡性结肠炎（ＵＣ）患者及１０１名无血缘关系的健康人进行ＨＬＡ－Ⅰ类（Ａ、Ｂ，Ｃ）、Ⅲ类（Ｃ４Ａ、Ｃ４Ｂ、ＢＦ）基因频率及红细胞免疫功能进行了测定，结果显示ＵＣ患者的ＨＬＡ－Ｂ５、Ｂ２７的基因频率显著增高，（Ｐ＜０．０５，０．０１：ＲＲ＝２．２９１，２６．３２）；而Ｃ４ＡＱо的基因频率则显著降低（Ｐ＜０．ＯＳ，ＲＲ＝０．１００８），其它基因（ＨＬＡ－Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｃ４Ａ、Ｃ４Ｂ、ＢＦ）和ＵＣ无明显相关，提示ＨＬＡ－Ｂ５、Ｂ２７是我国ＵＣ的易感基因，Ｃ４ＡＱо是抗性基因。实验显示ＵＣ红细胞免疫功能低下，表明ＵＣ是一种遗传性免疫病。     

U37、K562白血病细胞的氨基酸代谢

Ｕ３７、Ｋ５６２白血病细胞的氨基酸代谢５１００１０广州广州军区广州总医院梁实中图法分类号Ｒ７３３．４白血病细胞氨基酸（ＡＡ）代谢与正常细胞有差异，利用这些差异对白血病治疗的研究具有重要意义，本文探索急非淋白血病Ｕ９３７和Ｋ５６２细胞ＡＡ代谢的特点。用...     

特异性寡核苷酸探针检测胰岛素依赖型糖尿病病人HLA－DR基因频率

为了探讨ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ基因在胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（ＩＤＤＭ）发病机制中的作用，利用聚合酶链反应技术及３０个特异性寡核苷酸探针检测３２例中国北方汉族ＩＤＤＭ病人及２５５名正常中国北方汉族人的ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ基因频率的分布。结果ＩＤＤＭ组ＤＲ３和ＤＲ４频率分别为２５．０％和４０．６％，明显高于正常组（８．６％和１８．６％），ＤＲ３和ＤＲ４的相对危险率分别为３．５ｌ和３．１０。提示ＤＲ３、ＤＲ，与ＩＤＤＭ易感性呈正相关。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）