大肠癌患者VEGF和Endostatin的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系

目的：探讨大肠癌患者手术前后血清血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和Endostatin的动态变化规律及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法：ELISA法检测大肠癌患者（大肠癌组）术前及术后2周血清VEGF和Endostatin水平,并与大肠腺瘤患者（大肠腺瘤组）和健康对照者（对照组）进行比较。结果：1）大肠癌组术前血清VEGF水平显著高于大肠腺瘤组及对照组（P均〈0.01）。2）大肠癌组术前血清Endostatin水平显著高于大肠腺瘤组及对照组（P均〈0.01）。3）大肠癌组术前血清VEGF、Endostatin水平与原发肿瘤大小、细胞分化程度、区域淋巴结转移、肝转移及Dukes分期密切相关（P均〈0.05）,与性别、肿瘤部位等因素无关（P〉0.05）。4）大肠癌组术后2周血清VEGF水平较术前显著下降,而血清Endostatin水平较术前升高（P均〈0.01）。结论：大肠癌患者血清VEGF和Endostatin水平升高,且与原发肿瘤大小、细胞分化程度、区域淋巴结转移、肝脏转移及Dukes分期等因素有密切关系;血清VEGF和Endostatin水平是评价大肠癌恶性行为、预测浸润和转移程度的有效指标。     

肝细胞癌中内皮抑素和血管内皮生长因子的表达意义

目的 探讨肝细胞癌(HCC)中内皮抑素和VEGF的表达意义.方法 应用免疫组织化学方法检测2000年1月至2005年4月福建医科大学附属第二医院收集的46例HCC切除标本中内皮抑素和VEGF的表达,分析它们与HCC发生、发展的关系.采用随机资料t检验、配对t检验、Pearson相关分析、LSD-t检验或Tamhane's-t检验对结果进行分析.结果 内皮抑素主要见于HCC肿瘤组织和癌旁组织的细胞质.肿瘤组织、癌旁组织及正常肝组织的平均光密度(MOD)分别为0.11±0.02、0.14-4±0.01、0.09±0.01,积分光密度(IOD)分别为(1.8±1.2)×10~4、(3.8±2.2)×10~4、(0.9±0.4)×10~4.肿瘤组织表达较癌旁组织弱,两者的MOD和IOD比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.032,7.927,P<0.05).VEGF主要见于肿瘤组织和癌旁组织的细胞质,肿瘤组织、癌旁组织及正常肝组织的MOD分别为0.13±0.02、0.12±0.02、0.11±0.02,IOD分别为(5.4±3.1)×10~4、(3.9±2.5)×10~4、(3.0±3.0)×10~4,肿瘤组织表达较癌旁组织强,两者的MOD和IOD比较差异有统计学意义(t=5.871,8.723,P<0.05).内皮抑素与术后复发时间呈正相关(r=0.669,P<0.05).VEGF不影响术后复发时间(t=0.892,P>0.05).结论 内皮抑素在肿瘤组织中表达增强,肿瘤组织表达较癌旁组织弱,与HCC预后有关,可作为HCC的预后判断指标.VEGF在肿瘤组织中表达增强,但无法作为HCC独立预后指标.     

肝癌的血管生成与VEGF-B

肝癌是典型的多血供肿瘤,血管生成在肝癌起始到转移过程中均起中重要作用.血管内皮生长因子B(VEGF-B)是最近研究的促进肿瘤血管生成的因子之一,其在肿瘤的血管生成中具有重要意义.该文就肝癌的血管生成研究现状,VEGF-B的作用机制及与血管生成的关系,此项研究的临床意义加以综述.     

Treatment for multiple bilobar liver metastases of colorectal cancer

Background Recent advances have extended indications for hepatectomy to include multiple bilobar colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Staging systems based on the biological malignancy of primary and metastatic tumors provide appropriate indications for hepatectomy in CLM. However, suitability for resection in patients with complex and extensive hepatic metastases is controversial. Methods A medline search was performed to identify papers reporting the resection for CLM. Techniques, indication, and results were reviewed. Results If the anticipated remnant liver volume is small (25–40% of total), suggesting a high risk of postoperative liver failure, portal vein embolization (PVE) is recommended prior to hepatectomy. However, curative resections are not always possible. Specifically in synchronous multiple bilobar CLM, two-stage hepatectomy, comprising bilateral hepatectomy and primary resection with or without PVE, can prevent growth of ipsilateral metastatic nodules in the remnant liver and reduce surgical risk. Several local ablation techniques can complement surgery if hepatic resection alone increases the risk of postoperative liver failure or is not curative. Chemotherapy combined with targeted treatment can suppress recurrence and extend indications for hepatectomy by reducing the size and number of primary irresectable tumors. Conclusion PVE or staged procedure combining with local ablation or neoadjuvant, downstaging or adjuvant therapies extends indications for hepatectomy to include multiple bilobar CLM. The 5-year survival rate for multiple bilobar CLM treated with alternating hepatectomy and chemotherapy is comparable to the values reported for single and hemilateral CLM.     

结直肠癌早期肝转移的预测

目的研究CK20 mRNA、CD44v6、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）与结直肠癌肝转移的关系,探讨临床预测结直肠癌早期肝转移的有效的客观指标。方法应用荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）法检测50例结直肠癌患者回流门静脉血中CK20 mRNA,并同时应用免疫组织化学方法测定结直肠癌癌组织中CD44v6、VEGF的表达;并与良性病变对照组10例和正常组织对照组10例比较。结果结直肠癌患者门静脉血CK20 mRNA;癌组织中CD44v6、VEGF表达阳性率明显高于良性病变对照组（P〈0．01）和正常对照组（P〈0．01）;结直肠癌组织中CIM4v6及VEGF的表达与门静脉血中CK20 mRNA的表达有显著相关性（r．=0．933,r2=0．906,P〈0．05）;同时肝转移组CK20 mRNA、CD44v6、VEGF阳性表达率均高于非肝转移组（P〈0．05）。结论联合检测CD44v6、VEGF及CK20 mRNA预测结直肠癌肝转移,可提高预测的灵敏度及特异性,对于结直肠癌早期肝转移监测具有较高的临床价值。     

血管内皮细胞生长因子和内抑素失衡在2型糖尿病肾病中的作用

目的探讨血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF）和内抑素在2型糖尿病肾病（DN）中的作用。方法对30例2型糖尿病无肾病和30例2型DN患者，采用ELISA法检测血清中VEGF和内抑素的浓度变化进行了观察，30例健康成人作为正常对照，并结合临床进行了分析。结果2型糖尿病无肾病和2型DN患者血中VEGF和内抑素的表达与正常人相比均有明显差异（P〈0．05，P〈0．01），2型DN患者血中VEGF和内抑素浓度的增加与蛋白尿、肾功能及视网膜病变程度密切相关。而与高血压、高血脂及糖化血红蛋白水平之间无统计学意义。结论2型糖尿病无肾病和2型DN患者血中VEGF和内抑素的表达动态的逐渐增加，其增加与2型DN患者的蛋白尿形成、肾功能和糖尿病视网膜病变改变关系密切，VEGF和内抑素参与了2型DN患者血管增生的肾脏病变和功能紊乱发生的作用。     

Pre-hepatectomy prognostic staging to determine treatment strategy for colorectal cancer metastases to the liver

Background Attempts at identifying prognostic factors after hepatectomy in patients with colorectal liver metastases have not achieved consensus. We investigated prognostic factors ascertainable before hepatectomy for colorectal metastasis.Method Clinicopathological data for 149 consecutive patients with colorectal cancer who underwent curative resection of primary lesions and metastatic liver disease at one institution were subjected to multivariate analysis concerning metastatic status and the primary lesion.Results Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma or mucinous carcinoma as the primary tumor (Poor/muc; P=0.026), marked vascular invasion by the primary tumor (V; P=0.002), bi-lobar liver metastases (P=0.048), and short doubling time (DT) of the liver tumor (P=0.028) were characteristics assessable before hepatectomy that independently indicated poorer survival. A four-stage classification based on these factors was related to overall (P<0.01) and disease-free (P<0.01) survival rates. No pattern of recurrence site was evident in stage I (patients with no risk factor). Recurrence was usually extrahepatic in stage IV (patients with Poor/muc) but favored the remnant liver in stage II (patients with bi-lobar metastases or short DT) or III (patients with V; P=0.037). Stage III showed more multiple and early hepatic recurrences than stage II, and repeat hepatectomy was less frequent (P<0.05).Conclusion Pre-hepatectomy prognostic staging should help to guide treatment of liver metastases.     

Radioimmunoguided surgery for patients with liver metastases secondary to colorectal cancer

Background: Hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer offers a 5-year survival rate of 30%. Selection of patients who are most likely to benefit from excision is challenging. The judgment is made by radiographic techniques preoperatively and by sight and touch and the instinct of the surgeon intraoperatively. Confirmation that all tumor tissue has been excised relies on the appearance and texture of the tissue and is verified by routine histology. The authors' objective was to evaluate (1) the ability of radioimmunoguided surgery (RIGS) to improve the intraoperative detection of metastatic disease, and (2) any change in the operative plan originating from the information gained in patients with colorectal liver metastases. Methods: Charts and tumor registry data for patients who underwent planned liver resection for colorectal cancer using the RIGS method from January 1985 to December 1993 were reviewed. This group of patients was compared to a similar group that underwent traditional liver resection for metastatic colorectal cancer during the same period. Patients who had the RIGS procedure during the earlier part of the period (1985–1990), were injected with tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG) antibody B72.3; those in the later period (1990–1993) were injected with the second-generation anti-TAG monoclonal antibody CC49. Both monoclonal antibodies were labeled with sodium iodide I 125. Both traditional and RIGS exploration were used to determine the extent of the malignant process and any change in operative plan. Results: Seventy-four cases of planned liver resection were performed with the RIGS method (group I), and 215 cases were performed with the traditional method (group II). Age and sex distribution were similar in both groups, as were morbidity and mortality, with an overall perioperative mortality of 1%. The distribution and number of metastatic lesions to the liver were the same, although group I included more cases with smaller metastatic lesions and more patients with anatomic resections. No extrahepatic tumor was found in 140 patients (65%) in group II, whereas there were only 21 patients (28%) in group I in whom no extrahepatic disease was detected (P<.001). RIGS exploration identified additional tumor in 12 (16%) of 74 cases: in the gastrohepatic ligament lymph nodes (LN) in five patients, in the celiac axis LN in one patient, and in the periaortic LN in six patients. These discoveries changed the operative plan for all of these patients, avoiding excision in the latter six patients and extending the resection in the other six. Conclusions: RIGS surgery provides an immediate and more accurate intraoperative staging system of patients with colorectal liver metastases than does traditional exploration by identifying additional metastatic disease, mainly to the lymph nodes, thus changing the plan of resection in a significant number of patients. More studies are needed to evaluate any significant survival advantage of patients who undergo removal of all RIGS-positive tissue.     

联合检测大肠癌组织中血管内皮生长因子与门静脉血细胞角蛋白20 mRNA的临床意义

目的探讨大肠癌病人肿瘤组织血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）蛋白和门静脉血细胞角蛋白20（cytokeratin,CK20）mRNA作为血行播散标志物的临床意义。方法RT-PCR技术检测63例大肠癌病人门静脉血CK20mRNA表达阳性率,免疫组织化学方法检测肿瘤标本VEGF蛋白的表达。结果随着病情由Dukes A、B期向Dukes C、D期进展,门静脉血CK20 mRNA表达的阳性率由64．9％升高到96．2％（P〈0．01）。高、中分化肿瘤组织VEGF蛋白阳性率为50．0％,低、未分化时升高到92．3％（P〈0．01）。CK20 mRNA与VEGF作为单项指标测定时,阳性率分别为77．8％和58．7％,联合检测时阳性率显著升高（92．1％）。结论大肠癌病人门静脉血中CK20 mRNA和肿瘤组织VEGF作为衡量大肠癌浸润能力的指标,二者表达分别与Dukes分期和肿瘤恶性程度的关系密切。联合检测二者时,敏感性显著提高,可弥补单项指标检测的不足,值得在临床上推广。     

大肠癌患者血清血管内皮生长因子和内皮抑素水平的变化

目的探讨大肠癌患者血清血管内皮生长因子(sVEGF)和血清内皮抑素水平。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测48例大肠癌患者手术前、后和30例对照组的sVEGF、血清内皮抑素水平,分析二者的相关性及与临床病理分期的关系。结果大肠癌患者sVEGF和内皮抑素水平呈正相关关系(P<0.01);大肠癌患者sVEGF和内皮抑素水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.01);大肠癌患者sVEGF和内皮抑素水平与病理分期相关。结论大肠癌患者sVEGF和血清内皮抑素水平明显升高,二者可能共同调控肿瘤新生血管生成。     

内皮抑素cDNA联合反义内皮生长因子核苷酸对胶质瘤生长的影响

目的观察大鼠内皮抑素cDNA联合反义血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）核苷酸对胶质瘤生长的影响。方法利用经抗性筛选可表达内皮抑素的C6细胞（C6／endo）、有效转染有反义VEGFl64核苷酸片段的C6细胞（C6／VEGF^-）及转染有可表达内皮抑素和反义VEGFl64核苷酸片段的C6细胞（C6／endo-VEGF^-）裸鼠皮下注射制作胶质瘤模型，21d后测定移植瘤瘤体和瘤重，ELISA法检测肿瘤组织中的VEGF含量，免疫组织化学方法检测肿瘤组织的微血管密度。结果C6／endo、C6／VEGF^-和C6／endo—VEGF^-的胶质瘤组织生长明显较C6胶质瘤慢（P〈0．01或P〈0．05），但C6／endo和C6／endo—VEGF^-生长差异无统计学意义，前三者VEGF含量也明显低于后者，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），其中C6／endo—VEGF^-的VEGF含量低于C6／endo、C6／VEGF^-（P〈0．01）；C6／endo和C6／endo—VEGF^-的血管密度较C6／VEGF^-低（P〈0．05），但是前两者间差异无统计学意义。结论C6／endo和C6／endo—VEGF^-可通过下调VEGF来达到抑制肿瘤生长；C6／endo—VEGF^-抗肿瘤生长更多可能是依赖于内皮抑素。     

血管内皮生长因子C联合多排螺旋CT诊断结直肠癌术前淋巴结转移的临床评价

目的探讨术前血清血管内皮生长因子C(sVEGF-C)水平联合多排螺旋CT(MDCT)扫描能否作为判断结直肠癌淋巴结转移的理想方法。方法 ELISA方法测定110例结直肠癌患者(结直肠癌组)及40例健康者(对照组)的sVEGF-C浓度,MDCT平扫及三期强化动态扫描判断淋巴结有无转移。结果结直肠癌组sVEGF-C浓度为(889.2±264.0)μg/L,对照组为(373.2±97.3)μg/L(P=0.000);病理诊断伴有淋巴结转移的70例结直肠癌患者sVEGF-C明显升高([996.2±247.1)μg/Lv(s701.6±173.6)μg/L,P=0.000];取临界点为996.2μg/L时,sVEGF-C诊断淋巴结转移的敏感度为57.1%,特异度为85.0%,准确度为67.3%,阳性预测值为87.0%,阴性预测值为53.0%。MDCT诊断淋巴结转移的敏感度为51.4%,特异度为70.0%,准确度为58.2%,阳性预测值为75.0%,阴性预测值为45.2%。sVEGF-C联合MDCT诊断淋巴结转移的敏感度为75.7%,特异度为92.5%,准确度81.8%,阳性预测值94.6%,阴性预测值68.5%。结论单独应用sVEGF-C或MDCT判断结直肠癌淋巴结转移效果均不理想,两者联合应用可进一步提高准确度,可作为术前判断淋巴结转移的有用指标。     

结直肠癌肝转移的外科治疗现状与进展

肝脏是结直肠癌最常见的远处侵犯器官.手术切除仍是目前唯一有治愈希望的治疗手段.术后患者可以获得25%～39%的5年生存率.但仅有10%～25%的患者确诊时适合手术切除.新疗法如消融术、肝动脉介入化疗、新辅助化疗、靶向治疗等,给不宜手术的患者带来了希望.本文以外科治疗为主对结直肠癌肝转移的治疗做简要综述.     

Laparoscopic and robot-assisted one-stage resection of colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases: a pilot study

Background/purpose  One-stage resection of primary colon cancer and synchronous liver metastases is considered an effective strategy of cure. A laparoscopic approach may represent a safe and advantageous choice for selected patients with the aim of improving the early outcome. Methods  Between January 2008 and October 2008, 7 patients underwent one-stage laparoscopic resection for primary colorectal cancer combined with laparoscopic or robot-assisted liver resection. Results  A total of five laparoscopic left-colon, one right-colon, and one rectal resections were performed. Three patients underwent preoperative left-colon stenting and two received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The patient with rectal cancer underwent neoadjuvant radiotherapy. Liver procedures included one bisegmentectomy (segments 2, 3), 3 segmentectomies, 6 metastasectomies, and four laparoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablations (LUG-RFAs). One patient with multiple liver metastases was managed by a two-stage hepatectomy partially conducted by a totally laparoscopic approach. The overall postoperative morbidity was null. The median hospital stay was 10 days (range 7–10 days). Conclusions  This pilot study suggests that laparoscopic one-stage colon and liver resection is feasible and safe. Robot assistance may facilitate liver resection, increasing the number of patients who may benefit from a minimally invasive operation.     

肌肉注射内皮抑素基因抑制人大肠癌生长的研究

目的探讨内皮抑素基因治疗大肠癌简便有效的途径.方法构建内皮抑素表达载体,建立BALB/C-nu/n裸鼠大肠癌模型,裸鼠分为3组,每组8只,分别通过肌肉注射生理盐水、对照质粒和表达质粒pST-endo,研究内皮抑素对结肠癌生长的影响.结果荷瘤小鼠经肌肉注射内皮抑素质粒DNA后,肿瘤内细胞凋亡率为24.5±7.3,空白质粒和生理盐水肌肉注射组小鼠肿瘤内细胞凋亡率分别是8.9±2.7和10.2±3.6,前者明显高于后两者;肿瘤内微血管密度(21.7±2.8)却大大少于空白质粒(44.6±11.0)和生理盐水(50.8±13.4)注射组;肿瘤体积在各时间段也明显小于对照的后两组.结论肌肉介导的内皮抑素基因转移治疗大肠癌效果确切.     

Ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer: a clinicopathological analysis of 103 patients

Objective  To improve management of ovarian metastasis through assessment of clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes associated with ovarian metastasis from colorectal cancer.
Method  We recruited 103 subjects who were diagnosed with ovarian metastasis and subjected to surgery between June 1989 and December 2005. Clinical and pathological variables were evaluated. Survival and its associated factors were analysed with a median follow-up of 31 months after ovarian surgery (range 1–129 months).
Results  The mean age at diagnosis was 46 years (range 14–72 years), synchronous ovarian metastasis occurred in 74 patients and metachronous in 29 patients. The primary tumour was more commonly associated with the colon rather than the rectum (84/1608, 5.2% vs 19/1534, 1.2%, P  <   0.001). Combined metastases occurred in 69 patients (67%). Complete resection was achieved in 34 (33%) patients without other metastases. The estimated 5-year disease free survival and overall survival rate were 40.1% and 26.6%, respectively. From univariate analysis, lymphovascular invasion (35.6% vs 12.8%, P  =   0.034), combined metastasis (50.9% vs 15.6%, P  =   0.0035) and bilaterale ovarian metastasis (36.4% vs 10.6%, P  =   0.015) were identified as significant poor prognosis factors, and from multivariate analysis combined metastasis and bilaterale ovarian metastasis were significant ( P  =   0.034 and P  =   0.015, respectively).
Conclusion  This study suggests a role for regular follow-up computed tomography scans within 6 months postoperatively and tumour marker assays for the early detection of ovarian metastasis in premenopausal women after primary surgery, especially in colonic patients with poor prognostic factors.     

精准肝切除在结直肠癌肝转移中的应用价值

目的 探讨精准肝切除在结直肠癌肝转移治疗中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析2006年10月至2009年10月天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院收治的85例结直肠癌肝转移患者的临床资料.根据治疗方法分为常规组43例和精准组42例.常规组:术前常规检测评估肝肾功能,增强CT和B超检查评估肿瘤情况;根据术前检查结果行解剖性肝段切除.精准组:除常规组进行的各项检查外,还采用吲哚菁绿排泄试验评估肝脏储备功能;通过CT对肝动脉、肝静脉和门静脉进行三维重建,并测量肝脏体积及剩余肝脏体积;术中使用低中心静脉压;采用术中超声检查明确切除范围并保护好周围脉管结构,进行精确的解剖性肝段切除.观察比较两组患者术中、术后及预后的情况.计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用x2检验.结果 两组患者均无围手术期死亡.常规组和精准组术中全肝血流阻断时间分别为(35±25)min和(64±39)min,出血量分别为(685±524)ml和(486±360)ml,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(t=4.116,-2.033,P＜0.05);术中输血量分别为(228±398)ml和(160±330)mJ,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(t=-0.861,P＞0.05).常规组和精准组患者术后第1天ALT分别为(672±284)U/L和(344±158)U/L,第7天ALT分别为(332±161)U/L和(125±93)U/L;住院时间分别为(18±10)d和(12±6)d;术后并发症发生率分别为26%(11/43)和7%(3/42),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-6.541,-7.232,-3.915,x2=5.251,P＜0.05).常规组和精准组患者术后1年肝脏肿瘤复发率分别为37%(16/43)和21%(9/42);术后1年生存率分别为88%(38/43)和93%(39/42),两组患者预后比较,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.110,0.501,P＞0.05).结论 对于结直肠癌肝转移患者,精准肝切除较常规肝切除创伤小,恢复快,更加安全、有效.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate precise hepatectomy for liver metastases of colorectal cancer. Methods The clinical data of 85 patients with liver metastases of colorectal cancer who were admitted to the Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from October 2006 to October 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Forty-two patients received precise hepatectomy(precise group) and 43 received routine hepatectomy (routine group). Evaluation of the hepatic and renal functions and detection of the tumors' condition were done before carrying out anatomical liver resection for patients in the routine group. Hepatic functional reserve of patients in the precise group was detected by indocyanine green excretion test. Hepatic artery, hepatic vein and portal vein were three-dimensionally reconstructed according to the data of computed tomography. The liver volume and residual liver volume of the patients were calculated. Hepatic resection was guided by intra-operative ultrasound in the precise group. Periand postoperative conditions and the results of follow-up of patients in the two groups were compared. All data were analyzed using the t test or chi-square test. Results No perioperative mortality was observed in the two groups.Time of hepatic blood flow occlusion and blood loss were (35±25)minutes and (685 ± 524) ml in the routine group, and (64±39) minutes and (486±360) ml in the precise group, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups(t=4.116,-2.033, P＜0.05). The volumes of blood transfusion of the routine group and the precise group were (228±398) ml and (160±330)ml, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (t=-0.861, P＞0.05). The postoperaive levels of alanine transaminase at day 1 and day 7 were (672±284)U/L and (332±161)U/L in the routine group, and (344±158)U/L and (125 ±93) U/L in the precise group, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (t=-6.541,-7.232,P＜0.05). The length of hospital stay and postoperative mobidity were (18±10)days and 26% (11/43) in the routine group, and (12±6)days and 7%(3/42) in the precise group, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (t=- 3.915, x2=5.251, P＜0.05). The 1-year tumor recurrence rate and 1-year survival rate were 37% (16/43) and 88% (38/43) in the routine group, and 21% (9/42) and 93% (39/42) in the precise group, with no significant difference between the two groups (x2= 0.110, 0. 501, P＞0.05). Conclusion Precise hepatectomy is superior to routine hepatectomy in aspect of minimal trauma, quick recovery, efficacy and safety.     

大肠癌伴同时性肝转移126例临床分析

目的探讨大肠癌肝转移的临床特点与诊治效果。方法对126例大肠癌肝转移的临床资料进行回顾性总结分析。结果大肠癌同时性切除肝转移灶的手术切除率为17.5%(22/126),同时切除肝转移灶的病例1年生存率68.2%(15/22),3年生存率为40.9%(9/22),5年生存率为18.2%(4/22);而未切除肝转移灶的病例1年生存率为54.8%(57/104),3年生存率为16.3%(17/104),5年生存率为0%,两组生存率比较差异有显著性意义(P0.05)。结论手术同时切除肝转移灶为大肠癌伴同时性肝转移的首选治疗方法。     

血管生成抑制剂YH-16联合氟尿嘧啶抑制结直肠癌肝转移的研究

目的探讨血管生成抑制剂YH-16和氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）联合应用对结直肠癌肝转移的抑制作用。方法用MTT方法测定血管生成抑制剂YH-16和5-FU对血管内皮细胞和结肠癌细胞的IC50；建立小鼠肝转移模型。随机分为对照组、YH-16组（又分为低、中、高剂量3组）和5-Fu组及联合治疗组（YH-16加5-FU），术后2周观察各组小鼠肝转移瘤数目、原发灶大小和毒性反应。并检测肝转移瘤血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的表达和肿瘤微血管密度（MVD）。结果YH-16对结肠癌细胞的IC50是血管内皮细胞的3．38倍，而5-Fu对两种细胞的IC50差别不大。高剂量YH-16组、5-FU组和联合治疗组肝转移瘤数目明显低于对照组。而联合治疗组又低于高剂量YH-16组和5-FU组（均P〈0．05）。YH-16各剂量组的脾原发瘤体积与对照组比较均P〉0．05。差异无统计学意义；而5-FU组和联合治疗组则小于对照组（均P〈0．05）。YH-16的毒性明显低于5-FU（P〈0．05），且两者联合使用其毒性与单用5-FU比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。5-FU组和联合治疗组肝转移瘤组织中VEGF的表达明显降低，中、高剂量YH-16组和5-FU组及联合治疗组肝转移瘤组织中的MVD计数明显降低（均P〈0．05）。结论血管生成抑制剂YH-16明显抑制结直肠癌肝转移，YH-16与5-FU联合应用对结直肠癌肝转移的抑制具有协同作用。