Elbow dislocation with irreparable fracture radial head

Background:

Treatment of elbow dislocation with irreparable radial head fracture needs replacement of radial head to achieve stability of elbow. An alternate method in cases of elbow dislocation with radial head fracture can be resection of radial head with repair of medial collateral ligament. We report a retrospective analysis of cases of elbow dislocation with irreparable radial head treated by excision head of radius and repair of MCL.

Materials and Methods:

Nine patients of elbow dislocation with associated irreparable fractures of the head of the radius were included in this analysis (6 F:3 M, Age: 35-47 years). Radial head excision was done through the lateral approach and MCL was sutured using no 3 Ethibond using medial approach. Above elbow plaster was given for 6 weeks and gradual mobilization was done thereafter. All patients were assessed at final followup using Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS).

Results:

Mean followup was 19.55 ± 7.12 months (range 14-36 months). There was no extension deficit when compared to opposite side with mean range of flexion of 138.8° ± 6.97° (range 130 -145°). Mean pronation was 87.7° ± 4.4° (range 80-90°) and mean supination was 87.7 ± 4.62° (range 80-90°). The mean MEPS was 98.8 ± 3.33 (range 90-100). No patient had pain, sensory complaints, subluxation or redislocation. All were able to carry out their daily activities without disability.

Conclusion:

Radial head excision with MCL repair is an acceptable option for treatment of patients with elbow dislocation and irreparable radial head fracture.     

An unusual Monteggia equivalent type 1 lesion: Diaphyseal ulna and radius fractures with a posterior elbow dislocation in a child

In this report, we describe an extremely unusual Monteggia equivalent type 1 lesion in a 10-year-old boy following a fall from a height of 1 m. On the plain radiographs, our patient had a particular Monteggia equivalent type 1 injury associating a posterior elbow dislocation with diaphyseal radius and ulna fractures. The patient was treated by closed reduction technique. At six months of follow-up, the fractures were consolidated and the elbow was stable. To our knowledge, only 8 adult cases and one paediatric observation with similar lesions had been reported through medical literature. Therefore, the aim of our case report is to remind this rare entity and also to provide a comprehensive review of the literature related to this uncommon lesion.     

肘关节伸直桡偏固定治疗新鲜孟氏骨折脱位

自2000-2004年采用肘关节伸直桡偏固定的方法,保守治疗31例新鲜闭合性孟氏骨折脱位,经1~3·17年的随访观察,功能满意,总结如下。1临床资料本组31例患者中男19例,女12例;年龄3~45岁,平均18·7岁。14岁以上者17例。31例均为新鲜闭合性骨折。根据Bado分类标准:Ⅰ型(伸直型)20例,Ⅱ型(屈曲型)8例,Ⅲ型(内收型)3例。合并损伤:3例伴有桡神经深支损伤,1例合并同侧锁骨骨折,2例合并对侧胫腓骨骨折。2治疗方法在X线透视下,患者仰卧,肩关节外展90°;一助手握持上臂或在腋窝下双手牵拉,另一助手握持腕部。两助手轻轻用力作对抗牵引,逐渐伸直肘关节。术…     

Posterolateral elbow dislocation with ipsilateral radial and ulnar diaphyseal fractures: a case report

Elbow dislocation associated with both ipsilateral radial and ulnar shaft fractures is a rare pattern of injury, although it is common for elbow dislocation and forearm fractures to occur separately. We report a case of an 80-year-old woman who had a posterolateral elbow dislocation and ipsilateral radial and ulnar shaft fractures and underwent closed reduction and plate fixation. She had an excellent outcome after 22 months of follow-up.     

Divergent elbow dislocation with radial shaft fracture,distal ulnar deformation,and distal radioulnar joint instability: an unclassifiable Monteggia variant

Originally described by Monteggia and later classified by Bado, elbow dislocations with concurrent radial and ulnar shaft fractures with distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) disruption are considered operative cases with high-energy injurious etiologies. Here, we present an unclassifiable Monteggia variant fracture suffered through a high axial load mechanism in a 47-year-old female. The fracture pattern initially exhibited included a divergent elbow dislocation, a radial shaft fracture, plastic deformation of the distal ulna, and DRUJ instability. Here we describe the pattern in detail, along with definitive treatment and clinical outcome at 1 year follow-up.     

手法整复尺桡骨骨干双骨折的治疗体会

尺桡骨干双骨折在前臂骨折中仅次于桡骨远端骨折而居第2位,治疗复杂,预后不佳[1]。常见于儿童及青少年,骨折多发生在中1/3或下1/3处。由于解剖功能的复杂关系,两骨干完全骨折后,骨折端可发生侧方、重叠、成角及旋转移位,复位要求较高,手法复位外固定治疗时必须纠正骨折端的各种     

手法复位治疗儿童孟氏骨折并肘关节脱位

目的:观察手法复位外固定治疗孟氏骨折并肘关节脱位的疗效。方法:1998年1月-2004年12月,采用先复位脱位的肘关节,再行骨折断端沿着与移位相反方向进行复位的整复原则行手法复位外固定治疗孟氏骨折并肘关节脱位11例,按Bado分型:Ⅰ型5例,Ⅱ型4例,Ⅲ型2例。结果:经6个月~7年,平均2·5年随访,骨折愈合时间平均为5周。按功能评定:优8例,良3例。结论:儿童孟氏骨折并肘关节脱位治疗首选手法复位,可获得满意疗效。     

Biepicondylar fracture dislocation of the elbow joint concomitant with ulnar nerve injury

In this article, we present a case of humeral biepicondylar fracture dislocation concomitant with ulnar nerve injury in a seventeen year-old male patient. Physical examination of our patient in the emergency room revealed a painful, edematous and deformed-looking left elbow joint. Hypoesthesia of the little finger was also diagnosed on the left hand. Radiological assessment ended up with a posterior fracture dislocation of the elbow joint accompanied by intra-articular loose bodies. Open reduction-Internal fixation of the fracture dislocation and ulnar nerve exploration were performed under general anesthesia at the same session as surgical treatment of our patient. Physical therapy and rehabilitation protocol was implemented at the end of two weeks post-operatively. Union of the fracture lines, as well as the olecranon osteotomy site, was achieved at the end of four months post-operatively. Ulnar nerve function was fully restored without any sensory or motor loss. Range of motion at the elbow joint was 20-120 degrees at the latest follow-up.     

肘关节后脱位伴桡骨头和尺骨冠突骨折 (恐怖三联征)5例初步报告

[目的]介绍"肘关节恐怖三联征"的概念(肘关节后脱位同时伴有桡骨头和尺骨冠突骨折),并报告5例患者的临床治疗体会。[方法]自2004年4月～2007年3月,作者共收治肘关节三联征损伤5例。桡骨头骨折按Mason法分类:Ⅱ型4例,Ⅲ型1例;按Schatzker法分类:Ⅰ型1例,Ⅱ型3例,Ⅲ型1例。尺骨冠突骨折按Regan-Morrey法分类:Ⅰ型1例,Ⅱ型4例;按O′Driscoll法分类:5例均为Ⅰ型。4例采取了手术内固定治疗,以3 mm钛空心拉力螺钉或1 mm K针分别固定冠突和桡骨头,并缝合修复肘内外侧副韧带。术后屈肘90°前臂旋转中立位石膏外固定3周,开始屈伸和旋转康复训练。[结果]4例手术治疗的患者经3个月～3年随访,骨折愈合,肘关节稳定,无疼痛。肘关节屈伸幅度平均120°,前臂旋转幅度平均110°。3例随访1年以上,Mayo肘关节功能评分:优2例,良1例。未手术治疗的1例功能评定为差,有肘关节不稳定和疼痛。[结论]肘关节恐怖三联征的骨折片虽然很小,但伴有肘内外侧副韧带撕裂,肘关节严重不稳定。只有在重建了骨关节和软组织结构稳定的基础上,及早(3周内)进行康复锻炼,才能获得较好的功能恢复。     

Posterolateral dislocation of the knee:Recognizing an uncommon entity

Posterolateral dislocations of the knee are rare injuries.Early recognition and emergent open reduction is crucial.A 48-year-old Caucasian male presented with right knee pain and limb swelling 3 d after sustaining a twisting injury in the bathroom.Examination revealed the pathognomonic anteromedial "pucker" sign.Anklebrachial indices were greater than 1.0 and symmetrical.Radiographs showed a posterolateral dislocation of the right knee.He underwent emergency open reduction without an attempt at closed reduction.Attempts at closed reduction of posterolateral dislocations of the knee are usually impossible because of incarceration of medial soft tissue in the intercondylar notch and may only to delay surgical management and increase the risk of skin necrosis.Magnetic resonance imaging is not crucial in the preoperative period and can lead to delays of up to 24 h.Instead,open reduction should be performed once vascular compromise is excluded.     

Understanding the medial ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow: Review of native ligament anatomy and function

The medial ulnar collateral ligament complex of the elbow, which is comprised of the anterior bundle [AB, more formally referred to as the medial ulnar collateral ligament (MUCL)], posterior (PB), and transverse ligament, is commonly injured in overhead throwing athletes. Attenuation or rupture of the ligament results in valgus instability with variable clinical presentations. The AB or MUCL is the strongest component of the ligamentous complex and the primary restraint to valgus stress. It is also composed of two separate bands (anterior and posterior) that provide reciprocal function with the anterior band tight in extension, and the posterior band tight in flexion. In individuals who fail comprehensive non-operative treatment, surgical repair or reconstruction of the MUCL is commonly required to restore elbow function and stability. A comprehensive understanding of the anatomy and biomechanical properties of the MUCL is imperative to optimize reconstructive efforts, and to enhance clinical and radiographic outcomes. Our understanding of the native anatomy and biomechanics of the MUCL has evolved over time. The precise locations of the origin and insertion footprint centers guide surgeons in proper graft placement with relation to bony anatomic landmarks. In recent studies, the ulnar insertion of the MUCL is described as larger than previously thought, with the center of the footprint at varying distances relative to the ulnar ridge, joint line, or sublime tubercle. The purpose of this review is to consolidate and summarize the existing literature regarding the native anatomy, biomechanical, and clinical significance of the entire medial ulnar collateral ligament complex, including the MUCL (AB), PB, and transverse ligament.     

Open reduction and 3-dimensional ulnar osteotomy for chronic radial head dislocation using a computer-generated template: case report

We report a case of a radial head dislocation that was successfully treated 8 years after the initial injury, by open reduction of the radial head and 3-dimensional ulnar osteotomy, using a computer-generated template based on preoperative 3-dimensional computer simulation.     

单一外侧入路治疗肘部损伤"三联征"的修复技巧及疗效分析

目的 探讨采用单一肘关节外侧入路治疗肘部损伤"三联征"的手术扩大显露、修复技巧及临床疗效.方法 对2007年5月至2010年3月收治的6例肘部损伤"三联征"患者采用单一肘关节外侧入路,由深至浅依次修复下列结构:冠状突骨折、桡骨头骨折、外侧副韧带、伸肌总腱起点.并用自创的方法对冠状突骨折进行扩大显露,直视下复位与牢靠固定,对肘关节外侧结构的撕裂进行有效修复.本组患者均未做肘关节内侧副韧带的探查与修复.随访时采用Mayo肘关节功能评分(MEPS)对患者肘关节功能进行评价.结果 本组患者随访3～24个月,平均11个月.所有患者骨折均获骨性愈合,肘部屈伸活动度105°～135°,平均120.0°;前臂旋转活动度150°～170°,平均168.3°;MEPS评分93～95分,平均93.3分,均为优.所有患者均无伤口感染,伤口一期愈合.结论 单一肘关节外侧入路结合相应手术技巧的改进,解决了肘部损伤"三联征"中冠状突骨折复位与固定的疑难问题,对肘关节外侧结构的修复也更加简单、牢靠,是一种临床可行且疗效满意的手术方式.     

Surgical management of medial and lateral elbow instability secondary to acute atypical complex elbow dislocation: Case report and literature review

Introduction and importanceElbow dislocation is common in adults, and complex elbow dislocations are generally associated with bone fractures. Anteromedial coronoid fracture, in association with lateral collateral ligament (LCL) disruption, often results from varus posteromedial forces. “Terrible triad” injuries are more likely to result from valgus posterolateral forces. However, our case presentation has combined medial and lateral elbow instability in addition to “terrible triad” injury of the elbow with no radial head injury.Case presentationThe patient was a 38-year-old man with an atypical complex elbow dislocation. He was successfully treated by stabilizing the medial epicondyle and coronoid anterolateral facet fractures, in addition to LCL repair and medial collateral ligament (MCL) reconstruction. A radial head fracture was unnoted. The procedure yielded satisfactory functional outcome, with a stable and painless full elbow range of motion.Clinical discussionMulti-ligament injuries with coronoid fractures result in highly unstable elbow joints, forming a variant of the “terrible triad” injury. Surgical options vary according to the surgeon’s experience and equipment availability. In this case, direct LCL repair and MCL reconstruction were performed and were well tolerated. Elbow stability improved and the patient experienced improved functionality with minimal pain. However, it may be premature to report a definite outcome in this case because of short follow-up time postoperatively.ConclusionThe injury described in this case has a unique presentation as a multi-ligamentous injury will make the elbow very unstable. Thus, careful clinical judgment, knowledge, and experience are needed to identify the underlying injury and for optimal management.     

河北省骨科医院尺桡骨骨折的流行病学调查

目的 调查河北省骨科医院尺桡骨骨折病例的流行病学状况.方法 由8人组成的调查组入医院影像资料室和病案窜调集2005年1月1日至2007年6月30日全部尺桡骨骨折病例,设计调查表进行相关因素的登记,对尺桡骨骨折的流行特征及2年半来发生情况进行动态分析.结果 河北省骨科医院2005年1月1日至2007年6月30日共收治尺桡骨骨折病例6430例,其中男3885例,女2545例;左侧3327例,右侧3147例,其中包括双侧同时骨折者44例.少年儿童多见,骨折以跌倒扭伤为主;尺桡骨骨折患病率随年龄增长呈下降趋势,0～10岁儿童为发生尺桡骨骨折的高峰年龄;时间上来看,2年半间本院尺桡骨骨折患病率总体上保持平稳趋势(P>0.05),男性尺桡骨骨折患病率呈上升趋势,女性年均下降,但性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).尺桡骨骨折发生季节分布结果表明,冬季是尺桡骨骨折的高发季节.结论 河北省骨科医院尺桡骨骨折病例2年半来呈平稳趋势,预防的重点人群为青少年、儿童和老年人.     

手术治疗肘关节“恐怖三联征”的短期疗效分析

目的探讨手术治疗肘关节"恐怖三联征"的手术方法和临床疗效。方法 2005年6月~2009年2月,本组应用手术治疗闭合性肘关节"恐怖三联征"患者6例。桡骨头骨折按改良Mason分型,Ⅰ型2例,Ⅱ型4例;尺骨冠突骨折按Regan-Morrey分型,Ⅰ型3例,Ⅱ型3例。术中发现肘内、外侧副韧带均有撕裂。按照McKee手术方法,所有患者采用肘内、外侧联合入路进行手术治疗;术后在肘关节屈曲90°和前臂旋转中立位的姿势下,以长臂石膏后托外固定7~10 d,之后开始进行肘关节屈伸和前臂旋转的主动训练。结果术后随访6例,随访时间12~26个月,平均随访时间15个月。6例患者伤口均Ⅰ期愈合;骨折亦复位良好,未见畸形愈合,临床愈合时间平均为11周(8~19周);2例患者术后6个月X线片显示肘关节轻度异位骨化;2例患者术后15个月X线片显示肘关节轻度退行性改变;最后随访时肘关节屈伸活动度(109±12)°,前臂旋转活动度(97±15)°,未发现肘关节僵硬、复发性脱位以及桡神经损伤症状;采用Mayo肘关节功能评估指数对随访患者进行评价,其中优2例,良3例,一般1例。结论肘关节"恐怖三联征"由于伴发损伤多,导致肘关节的严重不稳;只有通过手术治疗,恢复和重建肘关节的稳定结构,同时配合早期的康复训练,才能较好地恢复肘关节的功能。     

尺骨鹰嘴骨折合并肘关节前脱位的手术治疗

目的应用内固定治疗尺骨鹰嘴骨折合并肘关节前脱位。方法对15例资料完整的病例进行回顾性分析。其中男10例,女5例;年龄22－48岁,平均38岁。车祸伤9例,高处坠落伤6例。开放性损伤3例,闭合性损伤12例。尺骨鹰嘴粉碎性骨折14例,斜形骨折1例。13例合并冠状突骨折,2例合并肱骨外髁骨折。对所有病例应用内固定治疗,包括单纯张力带固定4例,张力带加螺钉固定5例,张力带加重建钢板或半管状钢板固定6例。3例行一期植骨。结果术后平均随访18个月。肘关节和前臂平均活动范围：屈肘105°,伸肘－20°;前臂旋前50°,旋后60°。按照Broberg和Morrey评估标准进行评价,优8例,良6例,可1例。其中张力带加钢板治疗组6例均为优。结论　　高能量损伤中因尺骨近端多为粉碎性骨折,且多同时合并冠状突骨折,肘关节极不稳定,单纯应用张力带固定不能获得稳定的固定,建议用重建钢板对尺骨近端骨折进行稳定固定,以获得正常的鹰嘴宽度和肱尺关节对合关系。一旦尺骨骨折向前移位得到纠正,桡骨头脱位也大多同时得到复位。存在明显骨缺损者应一期植骨。