儿童孔源性视网膜脱离手术治疗特点及疗效分析

目的：探讨儿童孔源性视网膜脱离手术治疗特点及疗效。方法：对采用不同手术方法治疗的儿童孔源性视网膜脱离患者108例（116只眼）进行效果分析。结果：21只眼行巩膜外加压术,1次手术视网膜复位19只眼,术后视力≥0．02者14只眼。97只眼行玻璃体切除术,1次手术视网膜复位58只眼（59．8％）,最终视网膜复位83只眼（85．6％）,术手视力≥0．02者64只眼（66．0％）。术中使用膨胀气体填充11只眼,1次性视网膜复位7只眼,术后视力≥0．02者5只眼。使用硅油填充89只眼,1次性视网膜复位51只眼（57．3％）,最终视网膜复位7积眼（85．4％）,术后视力≥0．02者59只眼（66．3％）。结论儿童孔源性视网膜脱离的治疗首选巩膜加压术,玻璃体切除者,硅油作为眼内填充物较膨胀气体具有更大的优越性。视网膜切开术是严重增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变者视网膜复位的有效方法,但应慎重选择手术对象。     

23G玻璃体切除术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离

目的观察23G玻璃体切除手术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的临床效果。方法对23例（23眼）孔源性视网膜脱离应用23G玻璃体切除手术联合全氟丙烷（C3F8）或硅油填充,下方视网膜裂孔者联合巩膜外加压,合并白内障者同时对白内障行超声乳化吸出术。随访3～10个月,观察术后视网膜复位、视力等情况。结果23眼手术顺利完成。术后3个月时视网膜复位21眼（91．30％）,2眼（8．70％）视网膜脱离复发,再次玻璃体手术填充硅油视网膜复位。未发生其他并发症。术后3个月时视力：（1）黄斑区未脱离眼：术前最佳矫正视力0．1～0．5,LogMAR视力：1．0～0．3,平均0．42±0．29。术后最佳矫正视力0．2—0．5,LogMAR视力：0．7～0．3,平均0．38±0．19,t=1．83,P〉0．05,与术前比较差异无统计学意义。（2）黄斑区脱离眼：术前最佳矫正视力0．08～0．2,LogMAR视力：1．1～0．7,平均0．81±0．13。术后最佳矫正视力0．15—0．5,LogMAR视力：0．8～0．3,平均0．47-e0．26,t=5．78,P〈0．05,与术前比较差异有统计学意义。结论23G玻璃体切除手术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离效果良好,并发症少。     

复杂性孔源性视网膜脱离的玻璃体视网膜手术失败原因初步探讨

目的探讨复杂性孔源性视网膜脱离的玻璃体视网膜手术失败原因。方法对４７７例（４７９只眼）复杂性孔源性视网膜脱离采用玻璃体视网膜手术（ｖｉｔｒｅｏｒｅｔｉｎａｌｓｕｒｇｅｒｙ,ＶＲ术）,即玻璃体切除、膜剥离、气液交换、惰性气体（ＳＦ６,Ｃ３Ｆ８）及硅油眼内填充。结果近期有效者３４７例（３４９只眼,７２．９％）,失败者１３０例（１３０只眼,２７．１％）。结论多因素逐步回归分析显示影响ＶＲ术近期效果的显著因素为眼内填充硅油、巨大裂孔、眼内填充ＳＦ６、医源性裂孔、前部增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｖｉｔｒｅｏｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＰＶＲ）、严重视网膜下增殖、ＰＶＲ、眼内填充Ｃ３Ｆ８、手术频次及脉络膜脱离     

儿童孔源性视网膜脱离的病因及临床特点分析

目的探讨儿童孔源性视网膜脱离的病因及临床特点。设计回顾性、非对照病例研究。研究对象99例12岁以下孔源性视网膜脱离的患者。方法回顾性总结2002年6月至2006年3月在北京同仁眼科中心接受手术治疗的12岁以下孔源性视网膜脱离患者共99例119眼,记录患者就诊原因、裂孔形状和视网膜脱离特点,对儿童孔源性视网膜脱离的病因及临床特点进行分析。主要指标病史、患眼屈光度、视网膜脱离的形态和特点。结果27例27眼有眼部钝挫伤史。26例37眼屈光度数>-4.0D,13例14眼有既往白内障手术史,5例7眼伴先天性脉络膜缺损,还有29例34眼原因不明。患者就诊时60眼(50.4%)视网膜全脱离,66眼(55.5%)发生C级以上增生性玻璃体视网膜病变。结论近视和眼部顿挫伤是儿童孔源性视网膜脱离发生的主要危险因素,患儿就诊时视网膜脱离范围常较大、且多伴有较严重的增生性玻璃体视网膜病变,故应加强对具有危险因素患儿的随访观察。     

玻璃体视网膜手术治疗儿童复杂性视网膜脱离9例报告

目的：对9例（9只眼）儿童复杂性视网膜脱离（retinal detachment,RD)的玻璃体视网膜手术（Vitreoretinal surgery,VR)效果及失败原因进行评价。方法：采用玻璃体切割、视网膜前膜剥除、气液交换、冷凝或激光封孔,眼内C3F8气休或硅油填充。结果：出院时（平均23天）,手术成功8只眼,失败1只眼,采用眼内填充硅油可提高 手术效果。术后平均追踪期为12个月,最终手术成功7只眼（77．77％）。采用VR术可提高儿童孔源性视网膜脱离的手术成功率。     

高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离硅油填充和激光治疗随访

目的：探讨高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离玻璃体手术硅油填充联合激光治疗的解剖复位及功能恢复,方法：高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离患者23例25只眼,行玻璃体手术硅油填充联合激光治疗随访。硅油取出时间平均7个月。术后均作1年以上随访（平均18个月）。结果：硅油取出后视网膜复位23只眼（92％）,术后视力在0．1以上16只眼（66％）。结论：玻璃体手术硅油填充联合激光治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网脱离,有利于脱离的视网膜解剖复位及功能恢复。     

儿童眼外伤玻璃体视网膜手术效果分析

目的探讨玻璃体视网膜手术治疗儿童穿孔性眼外伤的效果。方法应用玻璃体视网膜手术治疗2．5～12岁儿童穿孔性眼外伤35例（35眼）。包括眼内炎、玻璃体积血、眼内异物、视网膜脱离等。结果35眼行玻璃体视网膜手术（联合晶状体摘出8眼,异物摘出4眼,硅油充填6眼,人工晶状体植入6眼）治疗后,视力提高18眼（51．43％）,无变化12眼（34．29％）,下降5眼（14．28％）。结论玻璃体视网膜手术对儿童穿孔性眼外伤有较好的治疗效果,可以挽救部分视力,少部分儿童可以达到脱肓、脱残的目的。     

增生性糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体切除硅油或全氟丙烷填充术

目的观察增生性糖尿病视网膜病变（PDR）玻璃体切除术后填充硅油或C3F8的临床效果。方法对本科2010年6月至2011年12月,PDR60例（77眼）行玻璃体切除手术。分硅油填充组和C3F8填充组,两组患者年龄、性别、病程的差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。术后随访视力、眼压、视网膜、视神经变化。结果硅油填充组手术前后视力进行比较,差异有统计学意义（x^2=10．31,P〈0．05）,C3F8填充组手术前后视力进行比较,差异有统计学意义（x^2=9．20,P〈0．05）。两组间手术后视力进行比较差异有统计学意义（x^2=9．01,P〈0．05）。硅油组与C3F8组术后眼压进行比较差异有统计学意义（Z=-3．50,P〈0．05）。硅油组41眼中视盘颜色苍白5眼（12．20％）,视盘色淡3眼（7．32％）,视网膜局部血管闭塞10眼（24．39％）;未发现视网膜再出血或脱离。C3F8填充组36眼术后气体全部吸收,视盘色淡3眼（8．33％）,未发现有视盘色苍白或视网膜局部血管闭塞,视网膜再次出血5眼（13．88％）,视网膜再次脱离2眼（5．55％）。结论PDR行玻璃体切除硅油填充术后效果良好,只有少数患者出现眼压难以控制,最终导致视功能损害。C3F8填充术后没有出现视网膜脱离及再出血者的视功能恢复要好于硅油填充组。所以PDR行玻璃体切除手术后应根据视网膜情况选择合适的玻璃体填充物,填充硅油的患者应在视网膜复位后尽早的取出眼内硅油,避免对视神经、视网膜造成不可逆性损害。     

玻璃体切除联合白内障手术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变的临床效果

目的观察玻璃体切除硅油填充术联合超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变的临床疗效。方法根据患者自愿原则,将53例（57只眼）增生性糖尿病视网膜病变Ⅵ期患者分成联合手术组和玻璃体手术组。联合手术组33例（33只眼）,单纯玻璃体手术组20例（24只眼）。联合手术组进行玻璃体视网膜手术、硅油填充、超声乳化白内障摘除及折叠型人工晶状体植入术,单纯玻璃体手术组进行玻璃体视网膜手术及硅油填充。对两组术后视网膜复位情况和并发症进行对照分析。结果联合手术组视网膜完全复位29只眼,视网膜复位率为87．9％;单纯玻璃体手术组视网膜完全复位20只眼,视网膜复位率为83．3％,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．626）。联合手术组发生虹膜新生血管1只眼（3．0％）,单纯玻璃体手术组发生虹膜新生血管2只眼（8．3％）。均发生在视网膜未复位的患者,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．775）。结论玻璃体视网膜手术联合超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变安全有效,联合手术可避免再次行白内障手术。     

内界膜剥除术在复杂视网膜脱离手术中的应用

目的 观察玻璃体手术中应用内界膜剥除术治疗视网膜脱离合并增生性玻璃体视网膜病变的效果.方法 回顾性分析视网膜脱离合并严重增生性玻璃体视网膜病变行玻璃体视网膜手术40例（40只眼）的临床资料.以术中是否联合内界膜剥除分为两组：剥膜组19例,未剥膜者为对照组21例.术毕均填充硅油.于玻璃体手术后3个月及硅油取出术后3个月应用OCT观察两组黄斑区视网膜水肿及视网膜前膜情况,并记录最终随访视力.结果 随访6 ～ 12个月.玻璃体切除术后3个月,OCT见黄斑视网膜前膜形成者剥膜组0眼,对照组6眼（28.57％）（Fisher确切概率法,P=0.021）;出现黄斑水肿者,剥膜组1眼（5.26％）,对照组5眼（23.81％） （x2=1.433,P =0.231）.硅油填充下视网膜复位率剥膜组为89.47％,对照组为90.48％ （x2 =0.011,P=0.916）.硅油取出术后3个月,两组病例均未再发生新的视网膜前膜;出现黄斑水肿者,剥膜组为5.3％,对照组为14.30％（x2=0.178,P=0.673）.最终随访视网膜均复位.两组患者术后视力均较术前视力明显提高,且两组间差异无统计学意义.结论 在玻璃体切除术中应用内界膜剥除术治疗视网膜脱离合并增生性玻璃体视网膜病变,可以降低术后黄斑前膜的发生率,对术后视力、黄斑水肿情况及视网膜复位成功率无明显影响.     

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments in children: risk factors and surgical outcomes

PURPOSE: To describe the presenting features and surgical outcomes in a series of children with rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. DESIGN: Retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-nine eyes of 34 children 18 years of age or younger undergoing surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. METHODS: Patients were identified by chart review at two affiliated tertiary care centers. Risk factors for retinal detachment were classified into four categories: (1). congenital or developmental structural ocular abnormalities, (2). trauma, (3). previous ophthalmologic surgery, and (4). preceding uveitis. RESULTS: Median age was 10 years, and 79% of patients were boys. Nine patients (26%) had bilateral retinal detachment at presentation, or experienced a detachment in their second eye before their nineteenth birthday. Every eye had at least one risk factor for retinal detachment, and more than half had risk factors in two or more categories. Structural abnormalities were most common (56%). Fifty-one percent of eyes underwent previous surgery, 36% experienced trauma, and 15% had uveitis. Detachments tended to be complex. Median follow-up was 24 months. Retinal reattachment was achieved in 79% of eyes; however, visual recovery was modest. Median preoperative and postoperative visual acuities were counting fingers and 20/400, respectively. Predictors of a poor visual outcome were: unmeasurable or light perception-only preoperative vision (P = 0.0001), macula-off retinal detachment (P = 0.01), the need for vitrectomy surgery (P = 0.01), the presence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy grade C or worse (P = 0.02), and the use of silicone oil (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Predisposing factors in pediatric retinal detachments, particularly congenital and developmental structural abnormalities, may be more common than previously reported. Modern vitreoretinal surgical techniques can help achieve retinal reattachment in most cases. Many factors contribute to the limited visual recovery in this patient population. Predictors of visual outcomes are similar to those observed in adults. Inability of the clinician to determine confidently the preoperative visual acuity is a newly identified predictor of poor visual outcomes.     

Pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: clinical features and surgical outcomes

OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of and surgical outcomes for primary pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and to evaluate whether specific characteristics impact anatomical outcomes after surgical intervention. METHODS: Data for consecutive patients (18 years of age or younger) with RRD who required surgery over a 5-year period were studied retrospectively. Patients with recurrent retinal detachment or active retinopathy of prematurity were excluded. RESULTS: Forty-six eyes of 45 patients (median age, 9 years) were included. Ninety-eight percent of the patients had at least 1 predisposing factor, including prior surgery (61%), trauma (43%), developmental abnormality (35%), and myopia (17%). Retinal reattachment was attained in 78% of eyes. Younger age (P = 0.019), worse initial vision (P = 0.008), greater extent of retinal detachment (P = 0.007), and presence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (grade C or worse) (P = 0.008) were associated with worse anatomical outcomes. Vision improved after surgery in 56% of patients, but overall visual results were modest. Thirty-seven percent of patients had vision-threatening lesions in the other eye, and 18% had a history of retinal detachment in the fellow eye. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric RRD is often associated with a predisposing factor. Favorable anatomical and visual outcomes are possible, and lesions in the fellow eye are common.     

影响巩膜扣带术视网膜复位及视力恢复因素的临床观察

目的 探讨巩膜扣带术(scleral buckling,SB)治疗孔源性视网膜脱离(rhegmatogenous retinal detachment,RRD)的疗效以及影响视网膜解剖复位和视力恢复的相关危险因素.方法 回顾性分析2005年1月至2008年12月行sB的RRD患者72例(72只眼).术后随访6-30月,平均(13.96±8.28)月,观察术后视网膜解剖复位率、最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)及并发症.Logistic回归用于分析影响视网膜解剖复位和视力恢复的相关危险因素.结果 在眼底镜和B超检测下视网膜首次复位率为90.28%,最终复位率为97.22%;而光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)检测下的视网膜首次复位率为59.72%,最终复位率为77.78%.术后BCVAI>0.3者为62.5%.C1级PVR和多发性裂孔对视网膜复位率有显著影响(P=0.0183、0.0181 ).术前视力、黄斑脱离与否、黄斑脱离时间及PVR的程度对术后视力恢复的影响有统计学意义(P=0.0235、0.0124、0.0325、0.0357). 术后出现葡萄膜炎占13.89%,视物变形占9.72%,增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变(proliferative vitreous retinopathy,PVR)进展占6.94%,黄斑皱褶占6.94%,高眼压占4.17%,复视占2.78%.术后前房深度、眼轴长度、屈光度和散光度的变化较术前差异有统计学意义(P=0.0260、<0.0001、0.0005、0.0018).结论 SB治疗RRD有良好的疗效,但C1级PVR和多发性裂孔会显著增加手术失败的风险.术前视力、黄斑脱离状态和脱离时间及PVR的程度是影响术后视力恢复的重要因素;同时,该手术可导致术后前房深度变浅、眼轴延长、屈光度和散光度向负值偏移.     

Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Taiwan

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical features and surgical and visual outcomes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in the pediatric population. DESIGN: Retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series. METHODS: A review of patients under 18 years who underwent primary retinal detachment surgery at National Taiwan University Hospital from 1989 to 2003 was conducted. RESULTS: Included in the study were 152 eyes of 146 patients (mean age of 13.1 years). Male patients comprised 69.9% of the sample. Bilateral RRD was present in 4.1%. Etiologies included myopia >4 diopters (37.5%), trauma (32.9%), developmental anomaly (11.8%), previous surgery (5.9%), previous uveitis (3.9%), atopic dermatitis (2.6%), and unknown (5.3%). Macular detachment was found in 73.0%. The most common primary treatment was scleral buckling (61.2%). Single-operation reattachment was accomplished in 58.5% of patients and eventual reattachment in 78.3% of patients occurring in a mean of 1.5 (SD = 0.9) operations. Average postoperative follow-up time was 48.3 months. Visual improvement occurred in 42.8%, remained the same in 32.2%, and worsened in 19.1%. In the logistic regression model, statistically significant risk factors for poor surgical outcome were nonmyopic RRD (P = .026), macular involvement (P = .01), and presence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (P = .07). CONCLUSIONS: Myopia >4 diopters was the most common etiology in retinal detachment in our sample, followed by trauma. Myopia (> -4.0 diopters) may be more common than previously reported. Most eyes (78.3%) were anatomically reattached after multiple surgeries. Retinal detachment not associated with myopia is a newly identified predictor for poor surgical outcomes.     

Characteristics and surgical outcomes of paediatric retinal detachment

PURPOSE: To report the clinical features and surgical and visual outcomes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in the paediatric population. METHODS: A retrospective review of children (aged 0-15 years) who underwent primary surgical repair for RRD at the Hiroshima University Hospital between 1988 and 2001. RESULTS: In all 53 eyes of 49 patients were identified; paediatric RRD accounted for 3.1% of 1779 eyes with RRD operated on during this period. The causes of RRD included blunt trauma (27%), myopia (25%), idiopathic (20%), familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (13%), and others. Among 55 eyes, 12 (22%) already had proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) of grade C or D preoperatively. The median initial visual acuity (VA) was 0.3. Retinal reattachment was achieved with a single operation in 78%. Final retinal reattachment was achieved in 87%. Retinal reattachment rates with and without PVR were 42% and 100%, respectively (P<0.01). Median final VA was 0.7. Final VA was > or =0.1 in 73% and > or =0.5 in 53%; four eyes had a final VA of no light perception. The presence of preoperative PVR (P=0.03) and the initial VA (P<0.0001) significantly affected final VA. CONCLUSIONS: Paediatric RRD is characterised by a delay in diagnosis, as evidenced by the high rate of PVR at presentation. Retinal reattachment was adversely affected by the presence of PVR. Final VA correlated with the initial VA and was significantly affected by preoperative PVR. Early diagnosis may improve the visual prognosis of paediatric retinal detachment.     

玻璃体切除术治疗合并脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离

目的探讨玻璃体切除术治疗合并脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离的临床疗效。方法对连续治疗的12例(12只眼)合并有脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离眼,进行玻璃体切除联合长效气体或硅油填充治疗,所有患者术前、术后均用激素治疗,对视网膜的复位率进行评价。结果术后平均随访10.42个月。单次手术视网膜解剖复位率为91.67%(11/12),再次手术后视网膜解剖复位率为100%。结论玻璃体切除术是治疗合并脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离的有效方法。     

Pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

PURPOSE: To review the clinical features and surgical and visual outcomes of pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) as seen in a tertiary referral center. METHODS: Retrospective case series spanning 6 years from January 1, 1991 to January 1, 1997. Exclusionary criteria were trauma disrupting the globe and acute retinopathy of prematurity. RESULTS: The authors reviewed a series of 29 eyes in 27 pediatric patients (birth to 18 years of age) with RRD. Seventy percent of the patients were male. The mean patient age was 9.6 years. Bilateral RRD was present in 22% of patients; 89% of patients had some form of bilateral ocular pathology at initial presentation. The two most common etiologies (34% each) were myopia and eyes that had undergone surgery for another ocular disorder with subsequent development of RRD. The most common presentation was decreased vision, with a mean duration of 52 days. At presentation, 75% of the affected eyes and 48% of the fellow eyes had visual acuity worse than 20/800. The most common type of retinal break was a horseshoe tear. Late diagnosis was a common problem, evidenced by the frequency of macular detachment (79%) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (45%) at initial presentation. The most common primary repair was a scleral buckle. Anatomic reattachment was ultimately accomplished in 72% of cases with a mean of 2.2 surgeries per eye. Average postoperative follow-up time was 21.4 months (range 4 to 61 months). At final follow-up, 41% of the affected eyes had visual acuity 20/800 or better. Thirty-eight percent of the affected eyes had a final visual acuity better than or equal to the fellow eye. CONCLUSION: In this series, pediatric RRD occurred most commonly in association with myopia (Stickler's syndrome and adolescent retinopathy of prematurity) and prior intraocular surgery. Most eyes were anatomically reattached after multiple surgeries. Forty-one percent of eyes retained vision of 20/800 or better. Preserving vision in children with RRD is of great importance, particularly given the 89% frequency of vision-threatening abnormalities in fellow eyes.     

Management of recurrent retinal detachment in silicone oil-filled eyes

PURPOSE: To report causes of failure, management options, and outcomes after reoperations for recurrent retinal detachment in silicone oil-filled eyes. METHODS: One hundred eighteen silicone oil-filled eyes with recurrent retinal detachment were managed with revision of vitrectomy with membrane surgery with or without silicone oil removal, just scleral buckling, or both. Anatomical success was defined as complete reattachment of the retina, and functional success was defined as recovery of ambulatory visual acuity of >or=5/200 at the last follow-up (mean follow-up, 29.7 months). RESULTS: In 82.2% of the cases, proliferative vitreoretinopathy was responsible for recurrent retinal detachment in silicone oil-filled eyes. Reoperations without removal of the silicone oil were performed in 65.3% of the cases. Anatomical success occurred in 62.7% of the eyes, and functional success occurred in 52.5%. Silicone oil was removed in 59.5% of the eyes with retinal reattachment; the retina remained attached in 90.9% of the eyes. Predictors of poor anatomical success were presence of posterior diffuse proliferative vitreoretinopathy and combined posterior and anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy (P <0.02). CONCLUSION: Reoperations for recurrent retinal detachment in silicone oil-filled eyes were successful in nearly two thirds of the cases, and over one half of the eyes recovered ambulatory vision.     

Primary repair of retinal detachment with 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy

PURPOSE: To evaluate 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for primary repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). STUDY DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective, consecutive case series included 42 eyes of 41 patients who underwent primary repair of RRD utilizing transconjunctival 25-gauge PPV without scleral buckling at the Cincinnati Eye Institute from July 2004 through January 2007. METHODS: The medical records were retrospectively reviewed, and the corresponding demographic data, preoperative ophthalmic diagnoses, surgical management, and postoperative course and treatment were recorded. Main outcome measures included single surgery anatomical success, preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, and complications. RESULTS: Most patients had pseudophakic RRD (36 [85.7%] of 42 eyes). The crystalline lens was present in the remaining 6 eyes (14.3%). Of 42 eyes, 28 (66.7%) had macula-on RRD, while 14 (33.3%) had macula-off RRD. Four surgeons contributed to this study, and 25-gauge PPV instrumentation, a wide-angle viewing system, endolaser photocoagulation, and gas tamponade were used in each case. The single surgery anatomical success rate was 92.9% (39 of 42 eyes). For eyes with macula-on RRD, best-corrected visual acuity was 20/50 (0.43 logMAR [logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution]) preoperatively and 20/30 (0.23 logMAR) postoperatively (P = 0.24). For eyes with macula-off RRD, best-corrected visual acuity was 5/200 (1.56 logMAR) preoperatively and 20/30 (0.23 logMAR) postoperatively (P = 0.001). Three eyes required additional surgery for final reattachment. Final reattachment was achieved in 100% of patients (mean follow-up, 8 months). CONCLUSIONS: Twenty-five-gauge PPV with laser retinopexy and gas tamponade is effective for primary repair of RRD. The single operation anatomical success rate is comparable with rates reported for primary vitrectomy with 20-gauge instrumentation, scleral buckling, and combined vitrectomy/scleral buckling.     

玻璃体切除联合空气填充治疗高度近视合并非黄斑孔的孔源性视网膜脱离的疗效

目的 初步观察玻璃体切除手术（PPV）联合空气填充治疗高度近视眼合并非黄斑孔的孔源性视网膜脱离（RRD）的可行性及疗效。设计 回顾性病例系列。研究对象2017年5月至2021年2月期间在南京爱尔眼科医院接受23G PPV术治疗的高度近视合并非黄斑孔的增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（PVR）C3以下的RRD患者56例（56眼）。方法 患者术前及术后随访时行最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、非接触眼压、裂隙灯、裂隙灯下眼底镜、广角眼底照相、OCT、眼科AB超、IOL-Master测眼轴长度等检查。所有患者均行23G PPV手术,根据术前充分沟通后患者及家属的意愿,36例患者（空气填充组）PPV后玻璃体腔单纯无菌空气填充,20例患者（硅油填充组）PPV后玻璃体腔硅油填充。术后随访时间为5天、3周、3个月。比较两组患者术后的视网膜一期复位率、BCVA、并发症情况。主要指标 视网膜一期复位率、BCVA、眼压。结果 术后5天及3周随访时,两组患者视网膜均复位。空气填充组中1例患者术后2个月因局限性视网膜脱离行巩膜外加压术复位,余35例均复位,复位率97.2%;硅油填充组中1例患者术后2个月余因增生牵引发生局限性视网膜脱离行二次手术再次填充硅油复位,余19例均复位。16例伴有脉络膜脱离的患者中,15例视网膜一期复位。术后5天、3周、3个月BCVA与术前比均有显著提高（空气填充组t=5.663、3.014、-2.934,P均＜0.05,硅油填充组t=-4.692、-2.629、-1.872,P均＜0.05）。空气填充组术后5天及3周BCVA均较硅油填充组好（t=1.547、-1.789,P均＜0.05）;术后3个月两组间BCVA未见明显差异（t=1.285,P=0.051）。空气填充组术后第1天及3周各有1例患者眼压高。硅油填充组术后第1天有1例、术后5天3例、术后3周有4例、术后3个月有3例患者高眼压。结论 玻璃体切除联合空气填充治疗高度近视合并PVR增生较轻的非黄斑孔的RRD是一种经济有效的方法,对于合并脉络膜脱离的患者,也可以有选择性使用,从而有效减少硅油的应用。（眼科, 2021, 30： 459-464）