急性胰腺炎大鼠肺组织中水通道蛋白-1的表达及功能

目的:研究水通道蛋白-1(AQP-1)在急性胰腺炎大鼠肺组织中的表达及其功能,探讨其表达与肺损伤的关系.方法:将Wistar大鼠分为假手术组(n=24)、肺损伤组(n=24)、地塞米松治疗组(n=24).采用逆行胰胆管注射15 g/L去氧胆酸诱发大鼠急性胰腺炎肺损伤模型,地塞米松组于造模后立即于尾静脉注射地塞米松2 mg/kg.每组分别于造模后4,8,12 h剖杀,取血及肺组织.通过检测血淀粉酶、血气、肺干/湿比值和肺组织病理切片判断胰腺炎及肺损伤的严重程度,放免法测血清TNF-α水平,RT-PCR检测肺组织AQP-1 mRNA的表达,免疫组化法检测肺组织AQP-1的表达.结果:与假手术组相比,胰腺炎肺损伤组血清淀粉酶、肺干/湿比值、TNF-α、肺组织病理损害程度明显升高,血氧、AQP-1mRNA(4 h:0.403±0.018 vs 0.794±0.015,P＜0.01;8 h:0.382±0.025 vs 0.812±0.032,P＜0.01;12 h:0.361±0.016 vs 198±5,P＜0.01)和AQP-1蛋白(4 h:104±4 vs 193±8,P＜0.01;8 h:96±5 vs 201±7,P＜0.01;12 h:94±3 vs198±5,P＜0.01)表达显著下调.与肺损伤组相比,地塞米松组血清淀粉酶、TNF-α、肺干/湿比值、肺组织病理损害程度明显降低,血氧、AQP-1 mRNA(4 h:0.681±0.031 vs 0.403±0.018,P＜0.05;8 h:0.763±0.013 vs 0.382±0.025,P＜0.05;12 h:0.784±0.032 vs 0.361±0.016,P＜0.05)和AQP-1的蛋白(4 h:145±6 vs104±4,P＜0.05;8 h:152±8 vs 96±5,P＜0.05;12 h:154±4 vs 94±3,P＜0.05)表达则明显升高,且与TNF-α的水平呈负相关性.结论:水通道蛋白-1表达与急性胰腺炎的肺损伤密切相关,其表达可能与TNF-α有关,地塞米松可上调其表达而减轻肺水肿.     

抗凋亡因子生存素在急性出血坏死性胰腺炎及合并肺损伤组织中的表达

目的 探讨急性出血坏死性胰腺炎(ANP)合并肺损伤时大鼠胰腺和肺脏组织抗凋亡因子生存素(survivin)的表达及变化情况.方法 采用胆胰管逆行注射4.5%牛磺胆酸钠的方法制作大鼠ANP合并肺损伤模型.将50只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、造模后24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h共5组,每组10只,采用免疫组化和Western blot法检测胰腺和肺脏中survivin的表达及变化情况.结果 survivin在对照组肺组织表达呈阴性,在实验组肺泡上皮细胞、支气管上皮细胞及血管内皮细胞中表达呈阳性;在对照组胰腺组织表达呈阴性,在实验组主要表达于胰腺导管细胞的胞核和胞质,腺泡细胞胞核中有散在表达,胞质中未见表达.Western blot结果显示,对照组肺和胰腺组织无survivin蛋白带,实验组肺脏和胰腺组织中表达逐渐增强,48 h达高峰,96 h下降明显.结论 survivin在ANP组织中及合并肺损伤的肺组织中异常高表达,可能起到减轻肺损伤、促进修复的作用.     

环氧合酶-2抑制剂对大鼠急性肺损伤的作用

目的探讨急性肺损伤（ALI）肺组织环氧合酶－2（COX-2）mRNA表达的变化以及选择性COX－2抑制剂Meloxicam的干预作用。方法脂多糖（LPS）诱发大鼠ALI模型,采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应,检测其肺组织COX-2mRNA表达并观察其前列腺素（PGs）、动脉血氧分压（PaO2）及病理变化。结果静息状态的大鼠肺组织表达少量的COX-2mRNA,在ALI大鼠肺组织COX-2mRNA大量表达,Meloxicam可减轻肺组织病理损伤、降低PGs产量,使PaO2下降程度减轻。结论COX-2是ALI时PGs升高的主要同工酶,Meloxicam可抑制COX-2活性,对ALI具有一定的防治作用。     

大鼠急性坏死性胰腺炎肺组织中Toll样受体2、4的表达

目的研究急性坏死性胰腺炎(ANP)肺组织中Toll样受体2、4(TLR2、4)mRNA的表达及其意义.方法采用逆行胰胆管注射牛磺胆酸钠(TAC)诱导ANP肺损伤动物模型,并分为假手术组、胰腺炎组和氯喹阻断组.计算肺组织学分值和肺损伤指数以评价肺损伤程度,荧光实时定量-PCR方法检测不同组不同时间点肺组织TLR2和TLR4 mRNA表达变化.结果与假手术组比较,胰腺炎组大鼠3 h时肺组织TLR2、4 mRNA表达开始增高,12 h时达到峰值(P < 0.05),同时,肺损伤加重,肺组织TNF-α浓度升高,NO浓度逐渐降低;给予氯喹治疗后,TLR2、4 mRNA表达降低,肺损伤程度减轻,肺组织TNF-α浓度降低,NO浓度显著升高.结论 ANP时,肺组织内TLR2和TLR4的基因表达上调,其升高同肺组织损伤呈正相关,在ANP肺损伤的发生、发展中起一定作用.     

腹腔注射左旋精氨酸诱导急性坏死性胰腺炎大鼠肺损伤的实验研究

目的探讨大剂量左旋精氨酸腹腔注射诱导大鼠急性坏死性胰腺炎相关性肺损伤模型。方法将48只SD大鼠随机分成对照组(C组,n=24)、急性胰腺炎组(A组,n=24)。A组用6%的左旋精氨酸(L-Arginine,L-Arg)腹腔内注射,每次1.5 mg/g体重,共3次,注射间隔1h,诱导ANP和APALI模型;C组同法注射等量生理盐水。在注射完L-Arg后的第6、12和24小时三个时点分批处死大鼠,分别测定两组各时点血清淀粉酶水平,并观察各组对应各时点胰腺和肺组织病理学改变的变化。结果 A组大鼠胰腺和肺组织病理损伤在各时点比C组明显加重(P0.01);在肺损伤评分均呈正相关(r_s=0.374,P=0.046;r_s=0.452,P=0.027)。结论大剂量L-精氨酸分次腹腔内注射可成功诱导急性坏死性胰腺炎相关性肺损伤大鼠模型,ANP肺组织损伤程度与胰腺组织损伤程度密切相关。     

络沙坦对大鼠急性坏死性胰腺炎肺损伤的保护作用

目的:研究络沙坦(Losartan)对急性坏死性胰腺炎(ANP)大鼠肺损伤的保护作用.方法:SD大鼠30只随机分为3组:正常对照组、ANP组、Losartan治疗组.采用大剂量精氨酸腹腔注射诱导ANP模型,治疗组于造模后30 min给予Losartan200 μg/kg,2次,每次间隔1 h.各组于造模后24 h处死大鼠,观察大鼠血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、肾素(PRA)、淀粉酶(AMY)、TNF-α、IL-1β、肺组织髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、肺湿/干重比值、胰腺/体重比值、胰腺和肺组织病理变化.结果:ANP组血浆AngⅡ、PRA、AMY、TNF-α、IL-1β、MPO、肺湿/干重比值、胰腺/体重比值较对照组明显升高;Losartan治疗组血浆AngⅡ、PRA较ANP组变化不明显,AMY、TNF-α、IL-1β、MPO、肺湿/干重比值、胰腺/体重比值较ANP组明显下降,胰腺和肺组织病理损伤明显减轻.结论:络沙坦对血浆AngⅡ、PRA无明显影响,可以减少TNF-α、IL-1β、MPO的产生,对ANP肺损伤具有保护作用.     

白细胞介素－18在实验性重症急性胰腺炎肺损伤中的作用

背景白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-18是一种新近发现的促炎症细胞因子,其血清水平与急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis,AP)严重程度及合并胰外脏器损伤方面存在相关性,但有关IL-18在重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP)合并肺损伤中的作用却鲜有报道.目的观察IL-18在SAP大鼠肺组织中的表达,探讨IL-18在SAP合并肺损伤中的作用.方法 采用4%牛磺胆酸钠逆行注人胰胆管诱发SAP模型.Sprague-Dawley大鼠32只,随机分为对照组(health control,HC)和SAP6h、12 h、18 h组.动态监测血清淀粉酶(AMS)、肺湿干重比率,留取标本在光镜下观察胰腺及肺组织病理学改变,采用免疫组化方法检测IL-18在肺脏中的表达和定位,并用Western blotting方法检测肺内IL-18蛋白的表达.结果 SAP组各时间点血清淀粉酶、肺湿干重比率均显著高于对照组(P＜0.01);SAP各组胰腺和肺组织病理损伤程度随时间明显加重.免疫组化结果显示,SAP组中IL-18在肺泡巨噬细胞胞浆中的表达较HC组明显增多.Westernblotting结果显示,SAP组各时间点IL-18表达明显升高,与HC组相比均具有显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论 SAP时肺组织中IL-18主要由肺巨噬细胞生成,IL-18可能在SAP合并肺损伤中发挥重要作用.     

大鼠重症急性胰腺炎相关性肺损伤模型的建立

目的:通过夹闭胰头部的方法建立一种新型大鼠重症急性胰腺炎相关性肺损伤(severe acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury,SAP-LI)的动物模型.方法:将SPF级健康♂SD大鼠210只随机分为:对照组、假手术组、重症急性胰腺炎相关性肺损伤模型组,每组70只.再分别将每个分组中的70只大鼠随机分为7个分组,包括0、6、12、18、24、36、48h组,每组10只大鼠.SAP-LI模型组用16cm弯止血钳夹闭胰头2h后松开.假手术组于相应各时间点开腹后,仅轻轻翻动胰腺10次后放回其解剖位置.正常对照组除麻醉3h外不做任何处理.在造模完成后,分别于相应各时间点采集血液、肺泡灌洗液、肺组织、胰腺组织标本.行血淀粉酶、总蛋白、中性粒细胞百分比检测,行大鼠肺组织湿/干质量比,肺泡灌洗液蛋白检测,行肺组织、胰腺组织病理学观察.结果:造模大鼠均存活.SAP-LI模型组大鼠血清淀粉酶12h(5052.1U/L±114.9U/L,P<0.01)、中性粒细胞百分比值12h(75.2%±5.8%,P<0.05)达到峰值,大鼠肺灌洗液蛋白与血清蛋白比值36h(0.009021±0.000107,P<0.01)达到高峰;大鼠肺组织湿/干质量比36h(1.2001±0.0443,P<0.01)达到最小值.SAP-LI模型组与对照组和假手术组比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).病理组织学观察可见造模后随时间进程胰腺炎呈加重表现,肺组织损伤36h最重.SAP-LI模型组血清淀粉酶与血液中性粒细胞百分比、肺湿干质量比均呈正相关(r=0.794,P<0.01;r=0.365,P=0.002).中性粒细胞百分比与肺湿干质量比呈正相关(r=0.356,P=0.003).肺湿干质量比、肺灌洗液蛋白与血清蛋白比值呈负相关(r=-0.717,P<0.01).胰腺病理学评分与肺脏病理学评分呈正相关(r=0.934,P<0.01).结论:通过夹闭胰头部的方法建立了一种新型大鼠重症急性胰腺炎致肺损伤动物模型,36h为肺损伤最严重的时间点,也是我们建模的最佳时间点.为重症急性胰腺炎致肺损伤的发病机制及药物干预研究提供了一种较为理想的动物模型.     

抗凋亡因子生存素在急性出血坏死性胰腺炎及合并肺损伤组织中的表达

目的探讨急性出血坏死性胰腺炎（ANP）合并肺损伤时大鼠胰腺和肺脏组织抗凋亡因子生存素（survivin）的表达及变化情况。方法采用胆胰管逆行注射4．5％牛磺胆酸钠的方法制作大鼠ANP合并肺损伤模型。将50只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、造模后24h、48h、72h、96h共5组，每组10只．采用免疫组化和Western blot法检测胰腺和肺脏中survivin的表达及变化情况。结果survivin在对照组肺组织表达呈阴性，在实验组肺泡上皮细胞、支气管上皮细胞及血管内皮细咆中表达呈阳性；在对照组胰腺组织表达呈阴性，在实验组主要表达于胰腺导管细胞的胞核和胞质，腺泡细胞胞核中有散在表达，胞质中未见表达。Westernblot结果显示．对照组肺和胰腺组织无survivin蛋白带，实验组肺脏和胰腺组织中表达逐渐增强，48h达高峰．96h下降明显。结论survivin在ANP组织中及合并肺损伤的肺组织中异常高表达，可能起到减轻肺损伤、促进修复的作用。     

大鼠急性坏死性胰腺炎肺组织中Toll样受体2、4的表达

目的研究急性坏死性胰腺炎（ANP）肺组织中Toll样受体2、4（TLR2、4）mRNA的表达及其意义。方法采用逆行胰胆管注射牛磺胆酸钠（TAC）诱导ANP肺损伤动物模型，并分为假手术组、胰腺炎组和氯喹阻断组。计算肺组织学分值和肺损伤指数以评价肺损伤程度，荧光实时定量-PCR方法检测不同组不同时间点肺组织TLR2和TLR4 mRNA表达变化。结果与假手术组比较，胰腺炎组大鼠3h时肺组织TLR2、4mRNA表达开始增高，12h时达到峰值（P〈0.05），同时，肺损伤加重，肺组织TNF -α浓度升高，NO浓度逐渐降低；给予氯喹治疗后，TLR2、4mRNA表达降低，肺损伤程度减轻，肺组织TNF-α浓度降低，NO浓度显著升高。结论ANP时，肺组织内TLR2和TLR4的基因表达上调，其升高同肺组织损伤呈正相关，在ANP肺损伤的发生、发展中起一定作用。     

ICAM-1表达在大鼠重症急性胰腺炎肺损伤中的作用

目的研究大鼠重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)肺组织细胞间粘附分子-1(ICAM-1)的表达与肺损伤的关系。方法将30只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、SAP不同时间点(1 h、4 h、8 h和12 h)各组,用逆行胰胆管注射方法制备SAP模型。采用Western Blot法检测大鼠肺组织中ICAM-1蛋白表达,同时观察肺组织髓过氧化物酶(MPO)及病理改变。结果造模SAP 1 h后大鼠肺组织中ICAM-1的表达水平即比假手术组高(P<0.05),并持续升高达12 h,同时伴有MPO水平升高和肺组织病理损害的加重, ICAM-1表达与肺损伤程度、MPO水平之间以及肺组织MPO水平与与肺损伤程度均呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.88、0.91及0.86(P<0.01)。结论SAP大鼠肺组织中ICAM-1呈过度表达,ICAM-1表达的高低与肺损伤严重程度有关。肺组织中ICAM-1过度表达及中性粒细胞浸润是SAP肺损害发生的原因之一。     

Pancreatic regenerating protein (reg I) and reg I receptor mRNA are upregulated in rat pancreas after induction of acute pancreatitis

AIM: Pancreatic regenerating protein (reg Ⅰ) stimulates pancreatic regeneration after pancreatectomy and is mitogenic to ductal and β-cells. This suggests that reg Ⅰ and its receptor may play a role in recovery after pancreatic injury. We hypothesized that reg Ⅰ and its receptor are induced in acute pancreatitis.METHODS: Acute pancreatitis was induced in male Wistar rats by retrograde injection of 3% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. Pancreata and serum were collected 12, 24, and 36 hours after injection and from normal controls (4 rats/group). Reg Ⅰ receptor mRNA, serum reg Ⅰ protein, and tissue reg Ⅰ protein levels were determined by Northern analysis, enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Western analysis, respectively. Immunohistochemistry was used to localize changes in reg Ⅰ and its receptor.RESULTS: Serum amylase levels and histology confirmed necrotizing pancreatitis in taurocholate treated rats. There was no statistically significant change in serum reg Ⅰ concentrations from controls. However,Western blot demonstrated increased tissue levels of reg Ⅰ at 24 and 36 h. This increase was localized primarily to the acinar cells and the ductal cells by immunohistochemistry. Northern blot demonstrated a significant increase in reg Ⅰ receptor mRNA expression with pancreatitis. Immunohistochemistry localized this increase to the ductal cells, islets, and acinar cells.CONCLUSION: Acute pancreatitis results in increased tissue reg Ⅰ protein levels localized to the acinar and ductal cells, and a parallel threefold induction of reg Ⅰ receptor in the ductal cells, islets, and acinar cells. These changes suggest that induction of reg Ⅰ and its receptor may be important for recovery from acute pancreatitis.     

Pancreatic regenerating protein (reg Ⅰ) and reg Ⅰ receptor mRNA are upregulated in rat pancreas after induction of acute pancreatitis

AIM: Pancreatic regenerating protein (reg Ⅰ) stimulates pancreatic regeneration after pancreatectomy and is mitogenic to ductal and β-cells. This suggests that reg Ⅰ and its receptor may play a role in recovery after pancreatic injury. We hypothesized that reg Ⅰ and its receptor are induced in acute pancreatitis.METHODS: Acute pancreatitis was induced in male Wistar rats by retrograde injection of 3% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. Pancreata and serum were collected 12, 24, and 36 hours after injection and from normal controls (4 rats/group). Reg Ⅰ receptor mRNA, serum reg Ⅰ protein, and tissue reg Ⅰ protein levels were determined by Northern analysis, enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Western analysis, respectively. Immunohistochemistry was used to localize changes in reg Ⅰ and its receptor.RESULTS: Serum amylase levels and histology confirmed necrotizing pancreatitis in taurocholate treated rats. There was no statistically significant change in serum reg Ⅰ concentrations from controls. However,Western blot demonstrated increased tissue levels of reg Ⅰ at 24 and 36 h. This increase was localized primarily to the acinar cells and the ductal cells by immunohistochemistry. Northern blot demonstrated a significant increase in reg Ⅰ receptor mRNA expression with pancreatitis. Immunohistochemistry localized this increase to the ductal cells, islets, and acinar cells.CONCLUSION: Acute pancreatitis results in increased tissue reg Ⅰ protein levels localized to the acinar and ductal cells, and a parallel threefold induction of reg Ⅰ receptor in the ductal cells, islets, and acinar cells. These changes suggest that induction of reg Ⅰ and its receptor may be important for recovery from acute pancreatitis.     

丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠对急性坏死性胰腺炎大鼠肺损伤的抗炎作用及其机制研究

背景:急性肺损伤是重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)早期最主要的死亡原因,减轻肺损伤可能降低SAP的死亡率。目的:研究丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠(STS)对SAP相关肺损伤的抗炎作用及其可能机制。方法:36只Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为假手术组、急性坏死性胰腺炎(ANP)组和STS组,后两组予5%牛磺胆酸钠胰管注射建立ANP模型,STS组于造模前30 min予腹腔注射STS预处理。造模后12 h和24 h分批处死动物,行胰腺、肺组织病理学检查和肺损伤评分,ELISA法检测肺组织肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)含量,蛋白质印迹法检测肺组织JNK、p-JNK蛋白表达。结果:ANP组肺组织实变明显,大量中性粒细胞浸润,肺损伤评分、肺组织TNF-α、IL-1β含量和JNK、p-JNK表达均显著高于同时间点假手术组(P0.05)。STS组肺损伤评分、肺组织TNF-α、IL-1β含量和p-JNK表达较同时间点ANP组显著降低(P0.05),JNK表达则无明显变化。结论:STS干预能下调ANP大鼠的肺组织炎症因子表达,降低肺损伤程度,其机制可能与抑制JNK信号通路激活有关。     

抵抗素样分子-α在急性胰腺炎继发急性肺损伤中的表达和作用

背景:抵抗素样分子-α(RELM-α)是一个富含半胱氨酸的分泌蛋白,具有促进肺血管生成和收缩、抗细胞凋亡、诱导肺成纤维细胞分化和细胞外基质沉积的功能。然而,RELM-α在急性胰腺炎(AP)继发急性肺损伤中的作用尚未完全明确。目的:探讨RELM-α在AP继发急性肺损伤中的表达和作用。方法:45只Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为急性坏死性胰腺炎(ANP)组、急性水肿性胰腺炎(AEP)组和正常对照组,分别以3.5%牛磺胆酸钠和20%L-精氨酸建立ANP和AEP模型。光学显微镜下观察肺组织病理学表现;测定肺湿/干重系数、支气管肺泡灌洗液炎性细胞数量以及血清CRP、淀粉酶水平;蛋白质印迹法和免疫组化法检测肺组织RELM-α的表达和定位。结果:ANP组肺组织病理学评分、肺湿/干重系数、支气管肺泡灌洗液炎性细胞数量、血清CRP和淀粉酶水平、肺组织RELM-α表达水平均较AEP组和正常对照组显著升高(P0.05)。Spearman等级相关系数分析显示,肺组织RELM-α表达水平与肺组织病理学评分、肺湿/干重系数、支气管肺泡灌洗液炎性细胞数量呈正相关(P0.01)。线性回归模型分析显示,肺组织RELM-α表达水平与血清CRP、淀粉酶水平呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:RELM-α在AP急性肺损伤的肺组织中表达增高,其作为促炎细胞因子,参与激活炎性细胞,介导急性肺损伤发生,可作为监测AP预后的生物学标记物。     

环氧合酶2基因在大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤中的表达及意义

目的探讨局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤过程中环氧合酶2基因的表达及其意义。方法采用栓线法制备大鼠大脑中动脉缺血再灌注损伤模型。随机分为8组:假手术组,缺血2h组,缺血再灌注3h、6h、12h、24h、48h、72h组,每组10只。评定神经功能损伤,HE染色观察脑组织形态学改变。Northern blot、Western blot和免疫组织化学染色方法检测脑组织环氧合酶2 mRNA和蛋白产物表达。结果神经功能缺损表现随缺血再灌注时间的延长而逐渐加重。缺血2h组环氧合酶2 mRNA和蛋白产物表达比假手术组明显增加(P<0.01),再灌注后表达逐渐增强,再灌注12h环氧合酶2的mRNA表达达高峰(0.92±0.30),再灌注24h环氧合酶2的蛋白产物表达达高峰(0.72±0.18),与其它组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论环氧合酶2基因在局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤中的表达呈动态变化过程,环氧合酶2可能与缺血再灌注后迟发性神经细胞死亡有关。     

Dexamethasone down-regulates the inflammatory mediators but fails to reduce the tissue injury in the lung of acute pancreatitis rat models

Pulmonary complications are frequent in the course of acute pancreatitis. We investigate the effects of dexamethasone on lung injury in mild and severe AP. Mild and severe acute pancreatitis was induced in rats by bile-pancreatic duct obstruction and infusion of 3.5% sodium taurocholate into the bile-pancreatic duct, respectively. Dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) was given by intramuscular injection 1 h after acute pancreatitis. Plasma amylase activity was measured to evaluate the pancreas damage. Lungs were harvested for analysing mRNA expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC), P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (as index of neutrophil infiltration) and histological examination. Dexamethasone reduced the hyperamylasemia and hindered the pulmonary upregulation of MCP-1, CINC, P-selectin and ICAM-1, in both mild and severe acute pancreatitis. Despite this, dexamethasone treatment failed to reduce MPO activity and histological alterations developed in lungs during acute pancreatitis, either in bile-pancreatic duct obstruction or sodium taurocholate model. We conclude that pulmonary local factors different from inflammatory mediators contribute to leukocyte recruitment, so that although dexamethasone down-regulated the lung expression of chemokines and adhesion molecules during acute pancreatitis it was not able to prevent leukocyte infiltration, which could be responsible for maintaining the lung injury in either mild or severe acute pancreatitis.     

PIAS1对重症急性胰腺炎继发急性肺损伤血气屏障影响的研究

背景:研究发现STAT活化抑制蛋白1(PIAS1)可抑制急性坏死性胰腺炎(ANP)继发急性肺损伤,但机制尚不明确。目的:探讨PIAS1对ANP大鼠继发急性肺损伤血气屏障的作用及其机制。方法:构建重组腺病毒Ad5/F35-PIAS1和Ad5/F35-Null质粒。以3.5%牛磺胆酸钠胰胆管逆行注射诱导大鼠ANP模型,并于造模前1 d分别经阴茎静脉注射Ad5/F35-PIAS1、Ad5/F35-Null和PBS液,设立假手术组作为对照。造模16 h后处死大鼠。观察胰腺和肺组织的病理学变化和超微结构改变。测定支气管肺泡灌洗液炎性细胞计数和肺组织湿/干重系数,以免疫组化法检测RECK定位表达,蛋白质印迹法检测肺组织RECK、MMP-2、MMP-9、ICAM-1蛋白表达。结果:与ANP组和Ad5/F35-Null组相比,Ad5/F35-PIAS1组胰腺和肺组织病理学明显改善,肺组织病理学评分显著降低(P<0.01),超微结构示肺泡毛细血管间血气屏障结构破坏减轻;支气管肺泡灌洗液中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞计数、湿/干重系数均显著降低(P<0.01);肺组织RECK蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.01),MMP-2、MMP-9、ICAM-1蛋白表达显著下调(P<0.01);Ad5/F35-PIAS1组上述指标与对照组相比均无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:PIAS1可能通过增强RECK蛋白表达、抑制MMP-2、MMP-9、ICAM-1蛋白表达,降低血气屏障通透性,抑制炎性细胞外渗,进而改善ANP继发急性肺损伤的炎症程度。     

Differential Oxidative Injury in Extrapancreatic Tissues During Experimental Pancreatitis

Oxidative stress is considered to be a pathogenic factor for multisystem organ failure during acute pancreatitis. Infusion of 3% and 5% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct of rats resulted in a 24-hr lethality of 8% and 82%, respectively. Kidney tissue showed a long-lasting significant elevation of malondialdehyde (lipid peroxidation). Only small amounts of this aldehyde were formed in the liver. In the lung malondialdehyde was increased during the first 6 hr after pancreatitis induction. Malondialdehyde levels were not different for pancreatitis initiated by 3% or 5% taurocholate. Protein-bound carbonyls (protein oxidation) in the tissues were not significantly changed at any time point. However, after infusion of 5% taurocholate, lung proteins were oxidatively modified by the product of lipid peroxidation, 4-hydroxynonenal. Another parameter characteristic for pancreatitis with high lethality was the high number of neutrophils in the lungs. We conclude that oxidative stress is important for the injury of extrapancreatic tissues during pancreatitis, but survival is determined by the degree of systemic inflammation.