复方消渴降糖胶囊降糖作用初探

目的研究复方消渴降糖胶囊的急性毒性及降血糖作用。方法以最大给药浓度（3.56 g生药/mL））及最大给药体积（0.4 mL/10 g）灌胃（ig）小鼠测量复方消渴降糖胶囊最大耐受量;四氧嘧啶诱导糖尿病小鼠模型,随后将小鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、复方消渴降糖胶囊高、中、低剂量组（30.0、15.0、7.5 g/kg）。相应药物灌胃给药,共10 d。血糖采用oxidas方法测定。灌胃给药观测复方消渴降糖胶囊对正常小鼠及四氧嘧啶性糖尿病模型小鼠血糖的影响。结果复方消渴降糖胶囊最大耐受量为142.4 g生药/kg,安全无毒,并能显著降低正常小鼠及四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠的血糖。结论复方消渴降糖胶囊安全无毒性,并具有显著的降血糖作用,其降糖的机制值得进一步研究确定。     

糖肾颗粒对糖尿病小鼠糖脂代谢及肾功能的影响

[目的]观察糖肾颗粒对糖尿病小鼠糖脂代谢及对肾功能的作用。[方法]采用尾静脉注射四氧嘧啶法造成糖尿病小鼠模型,以糖肾颗粒治疗并用消渴丸为阳性对照组,观察各组小鼠的血糖、血脂、肾指数、尿素氮及肌酐值。[结果]糖肾颗粒能降低糖尿病小鼠升高的血糖、血脂、肾指数、肌酐、尿素氮,以高剂量组效果最明显。[结论]糖肾颗粒对糖尿病小鼠模型具有较好的降糖、降脂作用,并对糖尿病肾病具有较好的预防治疗作用。     

“三热论”复方对四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠血糖的影响

目的:研究"三热论"复方的降血糖作用。方法:以雄性KM小鼠尾静脉注射四氧嘧啶80mg/kg建立糖尿病动物模型。将不同剂量的复方水提物(30、20、10g生药/kg)灌胃给药,阳性对照组给予格列本脲(50mg/kg-1·d-1),连续给药5天,测定给药后的小鼠血糖值。结果:"三热论"复方高剂量组能显著降低四氧嘧啶致糖尿病小鼠的血糖(P0.01)。结论:"三热论"复方水提物对四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠有一定的降血糖作用。     

燮理糖肾颗粒降糖作用的实验研究

目的 观察以肾主藏精泻浊为理论基础,采用补肾泻浊化瘀法配制燮理糖肾颗粒的降糖效果.方法 分别选用自发性糖尿病KKAy小鼠、四氧嘧啶致高血糖大鼠、四氧嘧啶致高血糖小鼠及正常大鼠,4种模型随机分为模型组,燮理糖肾颗粒4、8、16 g生药/kg剂量组,西药组,并设正常对照组,观察给药前、后血糖变化.结果 与正常组比较,模型组动物血糖明显升高,并稳定到实验结束,糖尿病模型成立.与模型组比较,燮理糖肾颗粒8、16 g生药/ks剂量组,动物血糖明显降低,燮理糖肾颗粒各剂量组对正常大鼠血糖无明显影响.结论 以肾主藏精泻浊为理论基础,采用补肾泻浊化瘀法配制燮理糖肾颗粒有降糖效果.     

糖脂清对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠糖、脂代谢的影响*

[目的]探讨糖脂清降糖、调脂的药理作用,为临床用药提供实验依据.[方法]小鼠一次性腹腔注射2%四氧嘧啶溶液200mg/kg,72 h后检测空腹血糖(FBG),以空腹血糖大于11mmol/L为模型成功.糖脂清8、4、2 g生药/kg连续灌胃给药30d,以二甲双胍片为对照药,观察糖脂清对小鼠空腹血糖、血脂等的影响.[结果]糖脂清可以改善四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠生长状况,降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠空腹血糖、血清甘油三酯(TG)含量,减轻胰腺、肝脏的病理变化.[结论]糖脂清对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠有很好的治疗作用.     

多管藻总酚降血糖作用实验研究

目的研究多管藻总酚(total phenols from Polysiphonia urceolata,TPPU)对正常小鼠和四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠糖耐量及空腹血糖的影响,并探讨其降糖作用机制。方法观察TPPU对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的体外抑制作用;测定TPPU对蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酯酶1B(PTP1B)抑制活性;正常小鼠ig给药,测定空腹血糖和糖耐量;四氧嘧啶致糖尿病小鼠模型ig给药,测定空腹血糖及糖耐量。结果TPPU15g/L能够显著抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性,抑制率达75.12%;有明显的体外抑制PTP1B活性的作用,其IC50为5.7μmol/L;TPPU对正常小鼠无降血糖作用,但可使糖耐量曲线趋于平缓;能够显著提高四氧嘧啶致糖尿病小鼠糖耐量,降低实验性糖尿病小鼠的空腹血糖。结论TPPU具有一定的降血糖作用。     

柿叶提取物对实验性糖尿病小鼠血脂的影响

目的观察柿叶提取物(WESPLwaterextractedsubstanceofpersimmonleaf)对四氧嘧啶或链脲佐菌素糖尿病小鼠血脂的影响。方法采用ip 链脲佐菌素或四氧嘧啶 ,建立糖尿病小鼠模型。将模型小鼠分为4组 :2个WESPL治疗组(分别igWESPL相当于生药40g·kg-1·d-1,80g·kg-1·d-1)、阳性对照组 (ig苯乙双胍35mg·kg-1·d-1) ,模型对照组 (ig 等体积生理盐水 ),连续给药30d后 ,分别测定各小鼠血脂。结果2个WESPL治疗组能明显降低实验性糖尿病小鼠的血脂 ;柿叶提取物能明显调节糖尿病小鼠血清中的总胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的升高 ,以及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的降低。结论WESPL具有降血脂的作用。     

苦瓜总皂苷降血糖作用的研究

目的 观察苦瓜总皂苷对正常小鼠、肾上腺素性高血糖小鼠及四氧嘧啶性糖尿病家兔血糖及胰岛素水平的影响.方法 小鼠ip肾上腺素及家兔耳缘iv四氧嘧啶制备糖尿病模型,苦瓜总皂苷ig给药,葡萄糖氧化酶法测定血糖.结果 正常小鼠ig苦瓜总皂苷后,其血糖与给药前及对照组相比无明显差异;用苦瓜总皂苷连续ig给药7 d,大、中剂量组对肾上腺素性高血糖小鼠有明显降血糖作用;对四氧嘧啶性糖尿病家兔有显著降血糖作用.结论 苦瓜总皂苷对肾上腺素性高血糖小鼠和四氧嘧啶性糖尿病家兔具有较好的降血糖作用,但对正常小鼠血糖及四氧嘧啶性糖尿病家兔的胰岛素无明显影响.     

降糖汤降血糖的实验研究

目的　为了研究降糖汤的降血糖作用 ,观察了降糖汤对多种动物模型血糖水平的影响。方法　采用四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病模型、肾上腺素和葡萄糖引起的高血糖小鼠模型 ,以及正常小鼠口服给药 ,测定各模型小鼠的血糖水平。结果　降糖汤对四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠有较好的治疗作用 ,对肾上腺素、葡萄糖引起的高血糖小鼠也有明显的降血糖作用 ,但对正常小鼠血糖无明显影响。结论　降糖汤对多种动物模型具有较好的降血糖作用。     

黄连解毒汤降血糖作用的实验研究

目的：观察黄连解毒汤的降血糖作用。方法：建立四氧嘧啶致小鼠的糖尿病模型，研究黄连解毒汤对正常动物和模型动物血糖的影响。结果：黄连解毒汤能拮抗四氧嘧啶诱导的小鼠高血糖，明显降低正常小鼠、四氧嘧啶糖尿病鼠的空腹血糖(FBG)。结论：黄连解毒汤有较好的降糖作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.