眼部整形美容的现状和前景

眼部整形美容是整形美容外科医疗范围内最为常见的手术 ,就发展而言 ,眼部整形美容还是整形美容外科最具有研究和发展前景的领域之一。同时 ,眼部整形美容又是整形美容外科发生并发症最多的手术 ,也是常见的用虚假名词做广告的一类手术。因此 ,每位整形美容外科医师应坚持正确方向 ,应十分重视眼部的整形美容的研究工作和临床实践。1　眼部整形美容是整形美容外科最常见的手术笔者统计了上海第二医科大学第九人民医院整形外科 2 0 0 1年 6、7、9、10、11月的门诊手术 ,5个月内的手术例数合计为 6683例 ,手术次数为 694 7。其中 ,眼部整形美…     

双针同道连续埋线重睑成形术

眼部整形美容是美容外科医疗范围领域最为常见的手术,而重睑成形术约占眼部整形美容手术的50%以上[1]。连续埋线法重睑成形术操作相对比较简单,术中创伤小,术后恢复快,无手术痕迹。从而给受术者带来的心理和生理压力小,是许多重睑美容受术者的首选术式。笔者自2002年10月￣2005     

鼻美容整形术进展

近20年来，以美容外科为主体的美容医学得到蓬勃发展。而鼻美容整形术是美容外科临床医师实施的常用手术之一，数量仅次于眼部美容手术，在美容医学美学理论的指导下，融于美学理念的设计以及手术方法，理论与技术得到不断的有新的改良和创新。     

整形美容外科门诊手术局部麻醉482例分析

随着经济的发展和人们生活水平的提高以及人们求美意识的增强,整形美容外科门诊手术逐年增加,多数的美容手术在门诊实施.局部麻醉是整形美容门诊手术最常用的麻醉方法,多数由整形美容外科医师自行操作.我们就盐酸利多卡因(lidocaine hydrochloride)和盐酸肾上腺素混合注射液(adrenaline hydrochloride)在整形美容外科手术局部麻醉中的应用特点及其并发症防治进行简单分析.     

眼部整形美容的进展

眼睛有"心灵之窗"的美称,眼睛及眼周的整形美容在改善整体面容中位于核心地位.同时,眼部整形美容也是整形美容外科最重要的组成部分.随着学者和临床医师的不断研究和创新,使很多传统术式得到了改进,甚至被新的术式所替代.近年来,眼部整形美容得到了快速发展,并向更小的创口、更好的手后效果、更高的审美标准方向努力.笔者针对眼部整形美容的现状和上睑下垂矫正术、内眦赘皮矫正术、眼窝再造术的进展,以及眼整形美容存在的问题及对策等作一评述.     

面部瘢痕的显微美容修复

面部瘢痕的美容整形比较常见,在我中心1993年的2793例美容外科手术中有500例,占17.9%,排整个美容外科手术的第二位。面部瘢痕的整形修复往往很难一次达到     

会议征文

中华医学会医学美学与美容学会全国第二次美容外科学术交流会拟于是1998年5月或7月在贵阳市举行。征稿内容:1.美容外科:整形美容基础研究、整形美容外科新技术与新进展、整形美容临床经验、美容外科的并发症、后遗症。2.皮肤美容新技术、新药物及新进展;3.口腔颌面美容基础理论研究及临床经验;4.医学美     

下睑眼袋手术严重并发症分析及其预防处理

下睑眼袋整复术是眼部常见的一种美容手术,也是容易出现并发症的美容手术之一.近年来,由于下睑眼袋手术广泛开展,加之一些不具备手术条件人员的盲目参与,造成严重并发症甚至丑容、毁容的事例屡有发生,由此引起的医疗纠纷也有增多的趋势,应引起广泛重视.如何预防和处理下睑眼袋手术的并发症,提高下睑眼袋手术的成功率已成为美容外科领域中一个重要课题.……     

会讯·证文·书讯

第二届西部地区医学美学美容学术会议定于97年6月17日—20日在重庆正式召开。会议征文中华医学会医学美学与美容学会全国第二次美容外科学术交流会拟于是1998年5月或7月在贵阳市举行。征稿内容:1.美容外科:整形美容基础研究、整形美容外科新技术与新进展、整形美容临床经验、美容外科的并发症、后遗症。2.皮肤美容新技术、新药物及新进展;3.口腔颌面美容基础理论研究及临床经验;4.医学美     

整形美容外科手术对受术者体像影响的初步研究

目的了解整形美容外科受术者体像障碍的患病率,观察整形美容外科受术者的体像特点以及手术对其体像的影响.方法应用体像障碍自评量表对340名整形美容外科受术者于手术前后进行问卷调查并进行结果分析.结果340例整形美容外科受术者体像障碍的患病率为10.3%.整形美容外科受术者手术前的躯体缺陷感和他人评价度两组指标的体像影响度明显高于其他指标;而体像障碍患者手术前各组指标的体像影响度均明显升高.整形美容外科受术者术前量表总分为19.906±1.183,手术后下降为16.812±10.824(P＜0.05);体像障碍患者术前量表的总分为41.800±5.540,手术后下降为19.543±11.786(P＜0.05).结论体像障碍是整形美容外科受术者的常见心理合并症.整形美容外科受术者手术前的自我缺陷意识强烈,非常关注他人对自身体像的评价,手术能够明显改善受术者的体像.整形美容外科可以显著纠正体像障碍患者的病态体像,体像障碍不是整形美容外科手术的禁忌症.     

VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF MEASURES OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ROLE STRESS USING SAMPLES OF AUSTRALIAN MANAGERS AND PROFESSIONALS

Reviews of the literature show that there is inadequate attention to the development of appropriate measures for the impact of stress on women's health. The present study sought to (1) construct a new measure of occupational role stress which sourced categories of stress in the broad range of experienced female roles; (2) assess the validity and reliability of the new measure; (3) obtain discriminant validity with reference to another measure of occupational stress (the Occupational Stress Indicator); and (4) report on demographic differences in occupational stress. Two hundred and forty working managerial and professional women from different industries, educational backgrounds and marital and parental status took part in the study. Results of analyses revealed that the new role stress measure had good validity and internal consistency (reliability) and that it could be discriminated from other measures of occupational stress. Four scales were derived in exploratory factor analyses: organizational and task grievances, role conflict and self-misgivings, role excess and overload, responsibilities and commitments. Analyses of these factors by demographic variables such as marital status, education and number of children suggest that marriage and family were not a major stressor and in some cases were actually a positive feature of job satisfaction. The most significant factors in women's stress were those which appeared to come from their own desires and wants—to be promoted.     

COMPARISON OF THE ANAESTHETIC AND HAEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF CHLORMETHIAZOLE AND THIOPENTONE

Two groups of eight women (60 – 85 yr) undergoing gynaecologicaloperations of 50 to 130 min duration were compared. Anaesthesiawas induced with either thiopentone (mean 4.5mg kg^–) orchlormethiazole(mean 6.0 ing kg^–1) and maintained withnitrous oxide and pethidine in combination with the drug usedfor the induction. The hourly maintenance dose and the plasmaconcentration determined at equilibrium were greater for chlormethiazole(means 4.7mg kg^–1 h^–1 and 27(µmol litre^–1)compared with 1.3 mgkg ^–1h ^–1 (P< 0.01) and 16µmollitre^–1 respectively for thiopentone (P< 0.02). Impedancecardiography showed that cardiac output was decreased by 30–40%in the thiopentone group (P < 0.01), whereas ho significantchange was observed in the chlormethiazole group. Chlormethiazoleanaesthesia was followed by a significant increase (P<0.02)in stroke volume. No correlations were found between the plasmaconcentrations and changes in the haemodynamic indices for eitherof the drugs.     

低温性血管收缩的机制及防治措施的研究

目的 探讨低温性血管收缩的机制和防治措施。方法 采用内皮细胞培养,扫描电镜,离体血管舒缩功能实验技术,观察血管低温性收空与内皮细胞释放血管舒缩因子的关系。结果 低温使内皮完整或去内皮血管环均明显收缩,务砭张力随着温度的下降而增高,去内皮后血管低温性收缩减弱。低温组牛主动脉内皮细胞茶件培养液能使离体大鼠颈总动脉环产生明显收缩反应,提示牛主动脉内皮细胞向培养液向释放了血管收缩因子。３７℃复温或血管舒张     

骨膜成骨细胞的分离培养及其成骨作用的放射自显影研究

取４只家兔胫前骨膜进行成骨细胞分离培养，用３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ标记，然后回植于同一供体的皮下、耳软骨缺损处及挠骨缺损处。分别在２周和４周后处死动物，原位取材，用放射自显影方法观察种植细胞的转归。结果表明，种植的细胞在皮下转化为类骨组织；在软骨缺损处转化为软骨组织；而在骨缺损处则转化为典型的骨组织。提示用骨膜分离培养成骨细胞，回植体内，有可能用于骨缺损和软骨缺损的修复。     

COMPARISON OF THE SEDATIVE AND AMNESIC EFFECTS OF MIDAZOLAM AND PROPOFOL

We have compared the sedative and amnesic effects of midazolamand propofol in 35 volunteers. Sedation was measured by simplereaction time immediately before and after a bolus injectionand 1 h after the commencement of a subsequent continuous infusion.Memory was measured three times using two memory tests: perceptualfacilitation provided an implicit memory measure and recognitionprovided an explicit memory measure. Propofol and midazolamhad similar sedative effects both immediately after bolus dosesand after 1 -h continuous infusions of the drugs. In contrast,midazolam had a more profound amnesic effect than propofol onthe recognition memory test. The drugs had little effect onperformance with the implicit memory test. Performance on thememory tests was unrelated to sedation. (Br. J. Anaesth. 1993;70: 612–616)     

甲状腺癌诊断和治疗的现状与展望

随着医疗技术的提高 ,癌瘤普查的开展以及检测手段的改善 ,其发现率有明显增加 ,在肿瘤专科医院中 ,甲状腺癌占头颈部肿瘤的首位 ,但在人体全部恶性肿瘤中仅占 0 .86% ,加上甲状腺癌中 75%以上为分化性癌 ,其恶性程度低 ,病程发展慢 ,早期易被忽视 ,以致延误诊断 ,影响预后。另一方面 ,分化性甲状腺癌手术方式虽不同 ,但短期疗效 ( 5年生存率 )却无显著差异。因而长期以来国内外学者对于甲状腺癌的手术方式、切除范围、术后放疗 /化疗的应用均有争论。其实这是一认识与技术水平的差异 ,所得出的结论必然会不一致。鉴于此 ,本期重点之一为甲…