垫治疗青少年颞下颌关节紊乱病的临床疗效分析

目的：考察[牙合]垫对青少年颞下颌关节紊乱病患者临床症状的改善情况。方法：采用稳定性[牙合]垫或再定位[牙合]垫治疗71例颞下颌关节紊乱患者，比较治疗前后张口度、颌面部疼痛和关节弹响的变化情况。结果：治疗组51例患者中疼痛34例，张口受限15例，疼痛伴张口受限14例，单纯性疼痛20例，治疗后疼痛及张口受限均得到缓解，缓解率为100％。治疗前疼痛指数和张口度分别为7．5±2．09和26．5±5．12mm，治疗后分别为2．4±1．58和40．1±5．03mm，差异均有显著性（P〈0．05）；关节弹响41例，治疗后18例弹响消失，16例弹响减轻。对照组中有2例弹响自行消失，3例疼痛自行缓解，其余无变化，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：[牙合]垫对颞下颌关节紊乱病患者的临床症状有显著缓解作用。     

2种不同牙合垫治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的临床疗效分析

目的:对比分析稳定型牙合垫和再定位牙合垫对治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的临床疗效。方法:对采用牙合垫治疗的32例颞下颌关节紊乱病患者进行随访分析,其中使用稳定型牙合垫治疗的病例18人,再定位牙合垫14人,对比分析2组患者在治疗前、治疗后、治疗后3个月、6个月、12个月时关节弹响、疼痛程度(VAS)的变化。结果:2组患者治疗后疼痛程度及关节弹响状况与术前比较均明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),两种牙合垫对关节弹响的治疗效果无显著性差异,稳定型牙合垫组患者治疗后及治疗后3个月、6个月、12个月时的VAS低于再定位牙合垫组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:2种牙合垫均可有效地治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病,再定位牙合垫主要用于治疗可复性关节盘前移位,稳定型牙合垫治疗关节疼痛的疗效优于再定位牙合垫。     

稳定性(牙合)垫治疗颞下颌关节可复性盘前移位的疗效分析

目的:分析稳定性(牙合)垫治疗颞下颌关节可复性盘前移位的疗效.方法:使用Michigan型稳定性(牙合)垫治疗颞下颌关节盘前移位患者32例,疗程为3个月,采用Fricton指数来评价治疗效果.治疗前后均拍摄许勒位X线片以及行关节上腔造影.结果:统计学分析表明治疗前后存在有显著性差异(P=0.02),Fricton颞下颌关节紊乱指数(CMI)从治疗前的0.21±0.04下降到治疗后的0.09±0.03.但造影显示并非所有弹响消失患者的盘-突关系均恢复正常.结论:稳定性牙合垫治疗颞下颌关节可复性盘前移位取得了良好的治疗效果,能有效地消除弹响,缓解疼痛,改善患者的下颌运动功能.     

稳定性（he）垫治疗颞下颌关节可复性盘前移位的疗效分析

目的分析稳定性(牙合)垫治疗颞下颌关节可复性盘前移位的疗效.方法使用Michigan型稳定性(牙合)垫治疗颞下颌关节盘前移位患者32例,疗程为3个月,采用Fricton指数来评价治疗效果.治疗前后均拍摄许勒位X线片以及行关节上腔造影.结果统计学分析表明治疗前后存在有显著性差异(P=0.02),Fricton颞下颌关节紊乱指数(CMI)从治疗前的0.21±0.04下降到治疗后的0.09±0.03.但造影显示并非所有弹响消失患者的盘-突关系均恢复正常.结论稳定性牙合垫治疗颞下颌关节可复性盘前移位取得了良好的治疗效果,能有效地消除弹响,缓解疼痛,改善患者的下颌运动功能.     

改良[牙合]垫矫治器矫正后牙锁[牙合]的临床应用22例

目的观察改良[牙合]垫矫治器矫正后牙锁[牙合]的临床疗效和矫治特点。方法对22例后牙锁[牙合]患者采用改良[牙合]垫矫治器进行矫治。结果22例患者解除后牙锁[牙合],治疗时间为2．1—3．8个月,平均3．1个月,治疗后上下磨牙建立良好的咬合关系。结论改良[牙合]垫矫治器矫正后牙锁[牙合]支抗稳定,牵引方向灵活,效果良好。     

干扰在颞下颌关节紊乱病发病机制中作用的研究进展

颞下颌关节紊乱病病因复杂,多因素致病,其中[牙合]因素与其关系密切。[牙合]干扰可致牙尖交错位时上下牙尖窝接触不广泛、不密合,下颌运动型发生改变;通过破坏颞下颌关节正常的生物力环境,致使髁突发生适应性形态的改变和移位,进而影响关节盘厚度及位置的改变,引起关节疼痛、弹响,诱发颞下颌关节紊乱病。本文就[牙合]干扰对颞下颌关节结构与功能的影响作一综述。     

(牙合)垫与交互牵引联用矫治正锁(牙合)的临床应用体会

正锁(牙合)是上颌后牙被锁结在下颌后牙的颊侧,(牙合)面无咬合接触[1].个别后牙正锁(牙合)及单侧多数后牙的正锁(牙合)在临床上较为多见.锁(牙合)对咀嚼功能、颌面发育及颞下颌关节的健康影响都很大,因此临床上应充分重视、及早矫治锁(牙合)关系.     

依次磨除咬合板法治疗颞下颌关节弹响症状的应用与体会

临床常遇到颞下颌关节弹响伴深覆牙合要求诊治的患者 ,往往是由于牙合间距过低引起髁状突前移 ,关节腔前后间隙大小失衡 ,导致颞下颌关节弹响症状。常采用理疗、牙合导板、手术等方法治疗 ,但效果不是很理想。我科应用在咬合板恢复牙合间距离、肌松弛基础上 ,依次磨除双侧后牙局部咬合板 ,逐个伸长后牙 ,恢复正常牙合间距离的方法 ,治疗颞下颌关节弹响患者 10例 ,取得满意效果。现报道如下 :1　典型病例病例 1、女 ,3 9岁 ,AngleI类 ,前牙深覆牙合 ,面下 1/3过短 ,双侧颞下颌关节刚开口时和闭口末弹响 ,弹响声音清脆 ,病程长达 2年。病例 2…     

单侧后牙正锁[牙合]正畸矫治的临床研究

目的：评价单侧后牙正锁[牙合]的矫治效果,进一步探讨单侧后牙正锁[牙合]的矫治方法。方法：单侧后牙正锁[牙合]患者11例（男4例,女7例）,年龄13-26岁,采用直丝弓矫治技术矫治,治疗中上颌使用前牙平面导板和健侧后牙[牙合]垫,患侧上下颌后牙交互牵引。治疗前后常规拍摄头颅定位侧位片,并进行X线头影测量分析。结果：治疗结束后,后牙正锁[牙合]得到了矫治,牙弓形态正常,前牙覆[牙合]超[牙合]正常,后牙咬合关系良好,面下1/3高度增加。结论：直丝弓矫治器配合适当的后牙交互牵引能够有效的矫治单侧后牙正锁[牙合]。     

颞下颌关节紊乱病患者正畸治疗前后骀接触点及[牙合]力变化的研究

目的利用电子咬合记录仪（TScan）研究颞下颌关节紊乱病（temporomandibulardisorders,TMD）患者正畸治疗前后,咬合接触的变化,从而评价正畸治疗前后各咬合指标的改善程度及T-scan电子咬合记录仪用于咬合研究的意义。方法经关节门诊确诊为TMD病例13例,男4例,女9例,年龄13~37岁,针对不同患者TMD情况,为每例病人制定个性化矫治方法及目标。治疗前后采用美国Tekscan公司的T-scan咬合记录仪,分别记录[牙合]力中心在前后向与左右向的位移,[牙合]力不对称指数,[牙合]接触点,[牙合]接触面积及咬合时间。记录结果从T-scansoftware4．02存贮并输出。结果TMD患者在正畸治疗后临床症状得到缓解,临床检查无疼痛、开口受限;5例弹响消失,7例有单侧轻度开口初、中期弹响,1例有双侧开口初弹响。主观上8例明显自觉咬合舒适程度明显改善。T-scan检查可见咬[牙合]力中心位移在前后向及左右向位移均减小（P〈0．05）,袷[牙合]布分更接近中心（Pdo．05）,治疗前后差异有显著统计学意义,治疗前后骀力不对称性有明显改善（P〈0．05）;但咬合接触点及接触面积在治疗前后差异无统计学差异。所有病例咬合时间治疗后较治疗前减小,但结果没有统计学差异。结论TMD患者的[牙合]治疗应针对患者个性处理,[牙合]力分布及咬合中心点可以作为TMD正畸治疗前后的评价指标。     

Masticatory function in subacute TMD patients before and after treatment

Summary  Masticatory function can be impaired in temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) patients. We investigated whether treatment of subacute non-specific TMD patients may influence oral function and clinical outcome measures. Fifteen patients with subacute TMD participated in the study. We quantified masticatory performance, maximum voluntary bite force, muscle activity and chewing cycle duration before and after treatment. Masticatory performance and bite force of patients were compared with the results obtained for an age- and gender-matched group of subjects without TMD complaints. Furthermore, we determined possible changes in anamnestic and clinical scores from questionnaires (mandibular function impairment questionnaire; MFIQ), pain scores and clinical outcome measures. Maximum bite force significantly increased, although the values after treatment were still significantly lower than those of the subjects without TMD complaints. The corresponding electromyography values did not show significant change after treatment. The masticatory performance of the patients remained unaltered; patients chewed significantly less efficient than controls. The average duration of chewing cycles significantly decreased after treatment. We observed a significant improvement in MFIQ scores. During the clenching and chewing tasks, the visual analogue scale scores were significantly higher than before these tasks. We may conclude that subacute temporomandibular joint disorders negatively influence chewing behaviour. Bite force, chewing cycle duration and also perceived mandibular function significantly improved after treatment, although the masticatory performance remained unaltered.     

Proportionality of mean voltage of masseter muscle to maximum bite force applied for diagnosing temporomandibular joint disturbance syndrome

Maximum bite force in the region of the right first maxillary molar and the corresponding mean voltage of the right masseter muscle of 29 patients suffering from temporomandibular joint dysfunction and 27 healthy controls were measured. In contrast with the controls, the maximum bite force of the patients was smaller (p less than 0.01), the mean voltage was nearly equal (p greater than 0.05), and the proportionality of the mean voltage to the maximum bite force of the patients was greater (p less than 0.01). These results tend to indicate that the masticatory muscles of patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction are in a state of hyperactivity and tension. The proportionality method suggested in this article is more convenient and easier to apply than previously proposed methods that measure the slope of voltage/tension curves. It may, therefore, have clinical value in the diagnosis of patients with temporomandibular joint disorders.     

Effect of a passive jaw motion device on pain and range of motion in TMD patients not responding to flat plane intraoral appliances

This study was designed to compare the effectiveness of a passive jaw motion device, the Therabite, and wooden tongue depressors (WTD), in patients with temporomandibular joint and muscle disorders, who did not improve after manual manipulation of the mandible and flat bite plane therapy. Forty-three patients were enrolled in the study and were classified as joint or muscle groups according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD. Twenty-four were assigned to the joint group, and 19 patients were assigned to the muscle group. The patients were assigned at random to three treatment subgroups: 1. passive jaw motion device therapy (Therabite); 2. wooden tongue depressors therapy (WTD); and 3. control group. All subjects received flat bite plane appliance therapy throughout the treatment period. Mandibular range of motion was measured for maximum opening (MO), right and left lateral (Rt. Lateral, Lt. Lateral) and protrusive (Pr) movements. Pain level was also assessed at the beginning and at the end of the treatment. The results suggested that a passive jaw motion device is effective in increasing range of motion in both groups of temporomandibular disorder patients, joint (intracapsular) and muscle (extracapsular). It also appears to decrease pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders. Pain was relieved to a greater degree in the muscle group than the joint group.     

安氏Ⅱ类2分类错牙合伴颞下颌关节紊乱病患者的平面导板矫治器临床治疗效果分析

目的 对患有颞下颌关节紊乱病的安氏Ⅱ类2分类患者给予平面导板矫治器进行治疗,分析其临床效果,为正畸临床提供指导意义。 方法 选择2013 年1月到2014年12月在南京医科大学附属口腔医院就诊的安氏Ⅱ类2分类错牙合伴颞下颌关节紊乱病患者20例,用美国Myotronics K7神经肌肉牙医学分析系统记录每位患者带用平面导板矫治器治疗前、后的下颌运动轨迹及髁突震动频率的变化。 结果 ①平面导板矫治器治疗后下颌的最大张口度、前伸、侧方运动与治疗前相比变化不大,无统计学意义（P>0.05）。②平面导板矫治器治疗后开口型牙合位偏移与治疗前相比结果有统计学意义（P<0.05）。③平面导板矫治器治疗后颞下颌关节的运动振幅与治疗前相比结果有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 平面导板矫治器有利于深覆牙合患者打开咬合,改善下颌运动模式,缓解颞下颌关节紊乱病相关症状,为临床治疗提供了指导意义。     

Magnetic resonance imaging of the temporomandibular joint in patients with skeletal open bite and subjects with no dentofacial abnormalities

We aimed to record the prevalence of disc displacement and bony changes in the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) of patients with skeletal open bite. We studied 25 patients (50 joints) with skeletal open bite, 25 volunteers with no dentofacial abnormalities (50 joints), and 44 patients with closed lock and no dentofacial abnormalities (60 joints) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the TMJ. We found anterior disc displacement without reduction in 6 of the volunteers and in 24 of the patients with skeletal open bite (p = 0.01). Among the 24 affected joints, 16 showed signs of bony change (67%) as did 24 of those with closed lock (40%). The fact that we found a significant difference in the incidence of anterior disc displacement without reduction and bony change between patients with skeletal open bite and control groups without deformities of the jaw indicates that these changes may be caused by skeletal open bite.     

突发性严重绞锁颞下颌关节的压力测量和分析

目的　了解突发性严重绞锁患者颞下颌关节上腔中的压力特点及其变化规律,初步探讨该类型颞下颌关节紊乱病的治疗机理。方法　用关节内压测量仪通过穿刺针进入突发性严重绞锁患者颞下颌关节上腔,分别测量张闭口位的关节上腔内压,记录其平均值和变化规律。结果　突发性严重绞锁患侧关节上腔开口位压力平均为-9·947 kPa±8·854 kPa,闭口位压力平均为-6·475 kPa±4·147 kPa。结论　突发性严重绞锁颞下颌关节上腔开闭口位压力明显降低,并有独特的变化规律。     

下颌三维定位技术指导下稳定型殆垫治疗颞颌关节紊乱病的疗效分析

目的：探讨超声三维下颌定位技术指导下修正性调磨的骀垫对TMD的临床疗效。方法：本研究从北京口腔医院颞颌关节门诊2003年3月～2008年12月就诊的患者选用40例（男12例女28例）颞颌关节病并有关节绞锁的患者，超声三维下颌定位仪中的髁突运动中心电子位置分析（electronicpositionanalysis，EPA）检测指导下进行修正性调磨骀垫治疗后，比较治疗前后下颌运动程度如张口度、关节绞锁运动、弹响和下颌运动疼痛的变化情况。结果：本研究发现超声三维下颌定位技术指导下修正性调磨的殆垫治疗后，下颌运动明显改善，张口运动及被动最大张口度治疗前后均有显著性差异；绞锁运动症状明显改善。并有统计学差异。结论：超声三维下颌定位技术指导下修正性调磨的黯垫治疗TMD，能够改善TMD症状，在治疗绞锁运动方面有显著疗效。     

Bite-force endurance in patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis and internal derangement

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential clinical relevance of testing bite force endurance in patients with articular temporomandibular disorders. The endurance of a 50 N bite force was measured in 51 patients with painful temporomandibular joint disorders. The results were compared to those of a control group of 20 subjects. The force exerted was sustained until this task could not be continued because of intolerable pain or fatigue. The endurance test was repeated following therapy. Testing bite force endurance could be reliably carried out (paired t-test not significant, product-moment correlation coefficient 0.87). The mean endurance time in the patient group was significantly different from that of the control group (t = 7.43, df = 69, P < 0.01). The 95% confidence intervals for patients and controls did not show any overlap. No difference in endurance time between diagnostic subgroups could be detected (F = 1.30, df = 4,46, P < 0.28). Following treatment, all patients showed a significant increase of endurance time (t = 8.09, df = 50, P < 0.01) and reported a decrease in post-test pain. The mean difference between pre- and post-treatment endurance was 60s. Subjects of the control group stopped the biting effort predominantly because of muscle fatigue. By contrast, the main reason of the patients to cease the effort was TMJ pain. The results of this study indicate that the discriminatory power of the test is sufficient to justify its utility as a complementary tool in assessing the functional capacity of the masticatory system.     

伴有颞下颌关节紊乱病的女性开患者的咬合力分析研究

目的探讨咬合因素对女性开!患者中颞下颌关节紊乱病（ TMD）发病的影响。方法选取女性开!患者102名,根据TMD的有无分为两组,伴有TMD的试验组有59名患者;不伴有TMD的对照组有43名患者。采用咬合力测试仪对两组患者进行咬合力、咬合接触面积、每一咬合接触点上的平均咬合压强和咬合重心的测试,并通过SPSS 11.0软件进行统计学分析。结果试验组的咬合力和咬合接触面积均小于对照组,两组间每一咬合接触点上的平均咬合压强和咬合重心的偏移无统计学差异。结论咬合力不足与开!女性TMD的发病有关。     

Maximum voluntary bite force in patients with alloplastic total TMJ replacement – A prospective study

Alloplastic temporomandibular total joint replacement (TJR) for end-stage disease, congenital disorders and following ablative oncological surgery has been shown to reduce pain and improve function. The purpose was to assess the maximum voluntary bite force and maximum interincisal opening (MIO) in patients undergoing alloplastic total temporomandibular joint replacement (TJR).Seventeen patients with different diagnoses resulting in condylar hypomobility (8 patients; 15 joints) and condylar instability (9 patients; 12 joints) had undergone alloplastic TMJ reconstruction. Maximum voluntary bite force and MIO were measured at pre-operatively (T0), 2 (T1), 6 (T2) and 12 (T3) months. For ordinal data comparison at different time-points, the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used.There was a significant improvement in maximum voluntary bite force for both, patients with condylar hypomobility (P = 0.003) and condylar instability (P = 0.007). Analysis of MIO revealed a significant improvement at T3 (P = 0.002).Alloplastic TJR would appear to increase maximum voluntary bite force and MIO. Biomechanical integrity of the stomatognathic system and the ability of the patient to triturate food could be improved by alloplastic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) replacement.