多巴酚丁胺负荷定量组织速度成像诊断老年冠心病的临床研究

目的 探讨多巴酚丁胺负荷超声心动图(DSE)与定量组织速度成像(QTVI)相结合诊断老年冠心病的临床价值.方法 98例疑似冠心病老年患者行DSE+QTVI检查,测定不同多巴酚丁胺负荷剂量时左室各节段室壁中段收缩期心肌运动峰值速度(Vpeak),2周内完成冠状动脉造影(CAG)检查.结果 与CAG相比,Vpeak诊断老年人冠心病的敏感性、特异性、精确性分别为82.4%、61.7%、72.4%,Vpeak在多巴酚丁胺20μg/(kg·min)负荷量时其诊断的敏感性和特异性最高,分别为80.4%、81.5%.对于3支冠脉血管的定位诊断均表现为高特异性.结论 多巴酚丁胺负荷定量组织速度成像是一项安全、有效、无创诊断老年冠心病的方法,具有较高的敏感性和特异性.     

三磷酸腺苷和多巴酚丁胺负荷超声造影在冠心病诊断中的对比研究

目的对比研究三磷酸腺苷和多巴酚丁胺负荷超声造影在冠心病诊断中的应用价值。 方法纳入2018年11月至2019年6月就诊于东莞康华医院心血管中心、可疑或确诊冠心病的患者86例,所有患者均行三磷酸腺苷和多巴酚丁胺负荷超声造影连续试验,并进行了冠状动脉造影（CAG）或冠状动脉CT血管造影（CTA）检查。分别以冠状动脉狭窄≥50%、≥75%为冠心病诊断标准,以CAG或CTA结果为对照标准,应用四格表计算三磷酸腺苷和多巴酚丁胺负荷超声造影诊断冠心病的敏感度、特异度和准确性。 结果冠状动脉狭窄≥50%为冠心病诊断标准时,以CAG或CTA结果为对照标准,三磷酸腺苷负荷超声造影诊断冠心病的敏感度、特异度、准确性分别为56%、96%、77%;多巴酚丁胺负荷超声造影的诊断敏感度、特异度、准确性分别为76%、96%、86%。多巴酚丁胺负荷超声造影的诊断敏感度和准确性均高于三磷酸腺苷负荷超声造影。冠状动脉狭窄≥75%为冠心病诊断标准时,以CAG或CTA结果为对照标准,三磷酸腺苷负荷超声造影诊断冠心病的敏感度、特异度、准确性分别为81%、97%、94%;多巴酚丁胺负荷超声造影的诊断敏感度、特异度、准确性分别为88%、98%、95%。多巴酚丁胺负荷超声造影的诊断敏感度、特异度和准确性均高于三磷酸腺苷负荷超声造影。 结论多巴酚丁胺负荷超声造影诊断冠心病的效能优于三磷酸腺苷负荷超声造影,两者联合应用既增加了检查的安全性又提高了诊断阳性率。     

多巴酚丁胺负荷定量组织追踪技术诊断老年冠心病的临床研究

目的探讨多巴酚丁胺负荷超声心动图(DSE)与定量组织追踪技术(TT)相结合诊断老年冠心病的临床价值。方法 98例疑似冠心病老年患者行DSE+TT检查,测定不同多巴酚丁胺负荷剂量时各室壁中段收缩期心肌峰值位移(Dpeak),2周内行冠状动脉造影后将所有患者分成冠心病组与正常组,并将两组Dpeak进行比较研究。结果冠心病组在10、20μg·kg-1·min-1这两个负荷剂量时前壁、前间隔、侧壁、后壁Dpeak小于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而两组下壁Dpeak在其他任何负荷剂量时差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与冠状动脉造影比较,Dpeak诊断老年人冠心病的敏感度、特异度、准确性分别为82.4%、61.7%、72.4%,Dpeak在多巴酚丁胺40μg·kg-1·min-1负荷剂量时其诊断的敏感度和特异度最高,分别为88.2%、69.5%。结论多巴酚丁胺负荷定量组织追踪成像是一项安全、有效、无创诊断老年冠心病的方法。     

多巴酚丁胺负荷试验结合背向散射技术评价冠心病的临床研究

目的 :探讨背向散射技术 ( integrated backscatter,IBS)结合多巴酚丁胺负荷试验 ( dobutaminestress echocardiography,DSE)诊断冠心病的临床应用价值。方法 :2 5例临床疑诊为冠心病的患者接受多巴酚丁胺负荷试验及超声背向散射分析 ,以冠脉造影结果为金标准 ,比较 DSE状态下 ,二维目测法及背向散射技术诊断冠心病的敏感性及特异性。结果 :狭窄冠状动脉供应心肌节段在大剂量 [40μg/ ( kg· min) ]DSE负荷下的时间-强度曲线及背向散射积分周期变异 ( CVIB)值低于静息状态及小剂量 [10～ 2 0μg/ ( kg· min) ]DSE负荷下的CVIB值 ( P<0 . 0 0 1)。 DSE诊断冠心病的敏感性 ( Se)、特异性 ( Sp)、准确率 ( Ac)分别为 89%、 83%、及 85 %,DSE- IBS诊断冠心病的敏感性、特异性、准确率分别为 93%、 83%、及 87%。结论 :背向散射技术结合多巴酚丁胺负荷试验可提高 DSE无创性诊断冠心病的敏感性 ,能定量评价冠心病患者 DSE状态下的心肌运动状态 ,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

速度向量成像联合小剂量多巴酚丁胺负荷实验评价兔心肌梗死后存活心肌

目的 评价速度向量成像(VVI)联合小剂量多巴酚丁胺负荷实验检测兔心肌梗死模型存活心肌的价值。方法 结扎新西兰大白兔冠状动脉左心室支,建立心肌梗死兔模型。于术后8周对实验动物行小剂量多巴酚丁胺负荷实验,采用VVI检测局部室壁给药前后应变及应变率的改变;处死实验动物后,取心脏进行氯化三苯四氮唑(TTC)染色观察坏死心肌,以TTC结果为金标准,计算VVI诊断存活心肌的敏感度和特异度。结果 给予小剂量多巴酚丁胺后,非存活心肌节段应变和应变率较给药前均无明显改变(P均>0.05);存活节段收缩期应变和应变率随剂量增加而增加,与给药前比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05),舒张期应变率亦有增加趋势,与给药前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。VVI联合小剂量多巴酚丁胺负荷实验诊断存活心肌的敏感度和特异度在左心室长轴切面为77.42%(24/31)和82.35%(42/51),在左心室短轴切面为84.31%(43/51)和88.73%(126/142)。结论 VVI联合小剂量多巴酚丁胺负荷实验评价心肌梗死后存活心肌准确、无创,具有潜在临床应用价值。     

定量组织速度成像技术—多巴酚丁胺负荷超声心动图对室壁运动异常的评价

目的 通过定量组织速度成像技术（QTVI）结合多巴酚丁胺负荷超声心动图（DSE）诱导的室壁运动异常与冠状动脉造影结果相对照，分析室壁运动异常与冠脉血供的关系。方法 对68例临床疑诊为冠心病的患者进行定量组织速度成像技术一多巴酚丁胺负荷超声心动图及冠状动脉造影（CAG）检查，判定室壁运动异常的部位、范围及病变血管。结果 本组68例患者中以冠状动脉造影为标准，定量组织速度成像技术—多巴酚丁胺负荷超声心动图诊断冠心病的敏感性85．7％，特异性89．4％，准确性86．7％。结论 应用定量组织速度成像技术—多巴酚丁胺负荷超声心动图能较准确的评价室壁运动异常及对应血供关系，是诊断冠心病的一种安全、简单、经济的有效方法。     

99mTc-MIBI心肌断层显像多巴酚丁胺试验对冠心病诊断的临床价值

目的 为了证实多巴酚丁胺^99mTc-MIBI 心肌断层显像诊断冠心病的价值,临床104 例患者进入本试 验。方法 多巴酚丁胺用生理盐水稀释后分级经静脉滴入,待达到预定最大剂量后,静脉推注^99m Tc-MIBI 740MBq ,维持多巴酚丁胺液2 分钟,60 分钟后行心肌断层显像,隔日以同等条件再次行静态心肌断层显像。结果 36 例非心肌梗塞阳性34 例,敏感性94.4 % ,48 例心肌梗塞45 例阳性,敏感性93.8 %。单支,双支和三支病变的敏感性分别为86.8 % ,95.8 %和100 %。检出RCA ,LAD ,LCX 的敏感性与特异性分别为91.7 %和75.8 % ,86.8 %和81.6 % ,70 %和81.6 %。介入性治疗3～6 个月内。多巴酚丁胺-ECT 的116 个室壁节段异常中,心肌缺血消失和改善79 个节段,总有效率68.1 %。32 个节段心肌梗塞,术后43.8 %的室壁节段缺血消失或改善。84 个节段ECT 呈心梗伴缺血或单纯缺血,术后7714 %的异常室壁节段缺血得到改善。心肌有明显缺血者疗效明显高于心梗者( P < 0.01) 。结论 多巴酚丁胺2ECT 对诊断冠心病心肌缺血与潘生丁和运动-ECT 一样有较高的灵敏性和特异性。     

99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT联合D-二聚体鉴别诊断口腔颌面部病变良恶性

目的 探讨⁹⁹Tc^m-MIBI SPECT/CT显像联合血浆D-二聚体检测鉴别诊断口腔颌面部病变良恶性的价值。方法 对57例经病理确诊的口腔颌面部肿块患者行⁹⁹Tc^m-MIBI SPECT/CT显像并测量血浆D-二聚体,以术后病理结果为金标准,计算并比较⁹⁹Tc^m-MIBI SPECT/CT显像与血浆D-二聚体两种方法单独及联合诊断口腔额面部恶性肿瘤的灵敏度（敏感度）、特异度及准确率。结果 ⁹⁹Tc^m-MIBI SPECT/CT显像和血浆D-二聚体检测单独及联合诊断口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤的灵敏度（敏感度）、特异度、准确率分别为72.73%（16/22）、82.86%（29/35）、78.95%（45/57）,68.18%（15/22）、74.29%（26/35）、71.93%（41/57）及95.45%（21/22）、94.29%（33/35）、94.74%（54/57）,联合诊断恶性肿瘤的敏感度和准确率高于⁹⁹Tc^m-MIBI SPECT/CT（P均<0.05）,联合诊断敏感度、特异度和准确率均高于D-二聚体检测（P均<0.05）。结论 ⁹⁹Tc^m-MIBI SPECT/CT显像与血浆D-二聚体检测联合应用可提高二者单独应用鉴别口腔颌面部病变良恶性的效能,具有重要临床价值。     

99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT诊断甲状腺乳头状癌术后彩色多普勒超声疑似颈部淋巴结转移

目的 评估⁹⁹Tc^m-MIBI SPECT/CT诊断甲状腺乳头状癌（PTC）术后彩色多普勒超声（CDUS）疑似颈部淋巴结转移的价值。方法 收集31例PTC术后CDUS疑似颈部淋巴结转移患者，均于术后1个月内接受颈部⁹⁹Tc^m-MIBI SPECT/CT扫描，之后15天内接受颈部¹³¹I SPECT/CT扫描。观察⁹⁹Tc^m-MIBI SPECT/CT对于PTC术后颈部淋巴结转移的诊断效率。结果 31例中，6例（6/31，19.35%）存在颈部淋巴结转移。⁹⁹Tc^m-MIBI SPECT/CT对PTC术后颈部淋巴结转移的敏感度、特异度、准确率、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为66.67%（4/6）、96.00%（24/25）、90.32%（28/31）、80.00%（4/5）和92.31%（24/26）。共确定14个颈部淋巴结转移灶，⁹⁹Tc^m-MIBI SPECT/CT诊断敏感度和阳性预测值分别为71.43%（10/14）和83.33%（10/12），首次¹³¹I SPECT/CT为28.57%（4/14）和100%（4/4），⁹⁹Tc^m-MIBI SPECT/CT的敏感度高于¹³¹I SPECT/CT（χ²=5.14，P<0.05），其阳性预测值与首次¹³¹I SPECT/CT差异无统计学意义（Fisher精确概率法，P>0.05）。结论 ⁹⁹Tc^m-MIBI SPECT/CT能确定大部分PTC颈部淋巴结转移灶，为判断¹³¹I SPECT/CT和CDUS疑似淋巴结转移提供更多信息。     

多巴酚丁胺心电图负荷试验诊断冠心病的临床价值

目的:评价多巴酚丁胺心电图负荷试验对冠心病的诊断价值。方法:选择96例冠状动脉造影(CAG)检查的 患者,予行多巴酚丁胺心电图负荷试验,并将其结果与CAG结果对比分析。结果:多巴酚丁胺心电图负荷试验诊 断冠心病的敏感性为67.9%、特异性为74.4%、准确性70.8%。结论:多巴酚丁胺心电图负荷试验对冠心病的诊 断具有较高的敏感性和特异性,且费用低,容易开展,是一种安全、有效的无创检查方法。     

多巴酚丁胺-美托洛尔负荷超声心动图检测心肌缺血的实验研究

目的通过定量组织速度成像(QTVI)技术分析多巴酚丁胺-美托洛尔负荷超声心动图(DMSE)在心肌缺血检测中的价值及机制.方法采用Ameroid环套扎冠状动脉左回旋支建立22只小型猪慢性心肌缺血模型,于造模术前行常规超声心动图及DMSE检查,术后3周复查DMSE,并与冠状动脉造影(CAG)及放射性核素心肌灌注条件下行单电子发射计算机断层摄影(SPECT)检查结果进行比较,确定缺血节段;计算DMSE检查中多巴酚丁胺及美托洛尔各剂量级别的室壁运动计分指数(WMSI),采用QTVI测定各剂量级别缺血节段心内膜及心外膜下心肌收缩期峰速度(Vs-end、Vs-epi),并计算心肌速度梯度(MVG).结果19只模型猪存活并完成各项检测,造模后12只实验猪DSE阳性,15只实验猪DMSE阳性.造模前Vs-end、Vs-epi、MVG均随多巴酚丁胺剂量的增大而升高(P＜0.05),并在美托洛尔静脉注射后下降(P＜0.05);造模后Vs-end、MVG随多巴酚丁胺剂量的增大及美托洛尔的注射无明显改变,而Vs-epi在达负荷心率时明显高于基础状态(P＜0.05),并在美托洛尔静脉注射后降低(P＜0.05).结论DMSE可提高DSE对冠心病检测的敏感性,其机理在于美托洛尔静脉注射后能快速阻断β受体,缓解心外高动力状态,从而有利于揭示多巴酚丁胺诱导的局限于心内膜下的心肌缺血.     

多巴酚丁胺超声心动图负荷试验与放射性核素心肌灌注显像对心肌存活性的对比研究

目的 评价小剂量多巴酚丁胺超声心动图负荷试验(DSE)和放射性核素心肌灌注显像(SPECT)预测心肌存活性的价值。方法 以15例成功行经皮冠脉介入治疗(PCI)患者术后6个月室壁运动改善为检验标准，进行小剂量多巴酚丁胺超声心动图负荷试验及SPECT检查，比较两者检测心肌存活性的准确性。结果 小剂量多巴酚丁胺超声心动图负荷试验峰剂量期与低剂量期在预测心叽存活敏感性、阴性预测差异具有显著性意义；与DSE相比，SPECT具有较高的敏感性但其特异性较低。结论 DSE与SPECT检测心肌存活性的准确性各有优点，但DSE更具实用性。     

组织多普勒及其衍生新技术评价心肌存活性的研究

<正>如何识别心肌存活性是一个具有挑战性的难题。负荷超声心动图评价心肌存活性在临床上已得到较为广泛的应用,但它有一定的局限性:对图像质量要     

超声、同位素、磁共振三种方法检出心肌梗塞患者存活心肌的比较

目的：比较超声、同位素、磁共振三种方法检测心肌梗塞患者心肌存活性的准确性。方法：分别用多巴酚丁胺负荷超声试验（ＤＳＥ）、核素心肌显像（ＳＰＥＣＴ）、多巴酚丁胺负荷磁共振试验（ＤＥＭＲＩ）三种方法对１７例急性心肌梗塞患者的心肌存活性进行检测,比较三者的准确性、敏感性、特异性。结果：三种方法的准确性、敏感性、特异性：ＤＳＥ为７８％、８８％和８２％;ＳＰＥＣＴ为７８％、７５％和７６％;ＤＥ－ＭＲＩ为７８％、６３％和７０％。三种方法各指标差异并无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：本文认为在临床具体运用中可依照各方法的各自优缺点进行选择。     

多巴芬酊胺超声心动图与心肌缺血

与冠脉造影及铊－２０１心肌ＳＰＥＣＴ显像对照研究疑冠心病患者２３例，评估多巴芬酊胺超声心动图在心肌缺血中的应用价值。结果表明多巴芬酊胺超声心动图检测冠脉狭窄及缺血后存活心肌的敏感度、特异度及符合率分别为７３％，７６％；７２％，８８％及７２％，８３％。评估左前降支供血节段缺血及缺血后存活心肌的能力较左旋支和右冠脉支供血节段强。     

Comparison of dobutamine stress echocardiography and exercise stress Thallium-201 SPECT for detection of myocardial ischemia after acute myocardial infarction treated with thrombolysis

In order to compare the ability of dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) and exercise Thallium-201 SPECT to detect myocardial ischemia in patients with myocardial infarction (Ml) treated with thrombolysis, 43 prospectively selected patients with Ml treated with thrombolysis underwent within 1 month from Ml DSE, stress-redistribution-reinjection Thallium-201 SPECT and coronary angiography. The echocardiographic and scintigraphic images were analyzed for the presence of myocardial ischemia using a 11-segment left ventricular model. DSE and exercise Thallium-201 SPECT detected myocardial ischemia in the infarct zone in 72 and 72 (31/43) of patients and ischemia at a distance in 12 (5/43) and 19 (8/43) of patients with a concordance of 67 and 88 , respectively. A significant agreement between DSE and exercise Thallium SPECT was found in the evaluation of the extent of both myocardial necrosis and stress-induced myocardial ischemia. DSE and exercise Thallium SPECT showed similar sensitivity (79 vs 76), specificity (60 vs 60) and accuracy (77 vs 74) for detection of a critical stenosis of the infarct-related artery; there was also no significant difference between the tests in sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for detection of the multivessel disease. In conclusion, initially after thrombolyzed MI, DSE and exercise Thallium-201 SPECT detect myocardial ischemia in the infarct zone in a high proportion of patients and show a similar accuracy for the diagnosis of a critical stenosis of the infarct-related coronary artery and of the multivessel disease.     

声学造影心肌灌注显像和多巴酚丁胺负荷超声心动图试验检测存活心肌的实验研究

本文应用声学造影心肌灌注显像（ＭＣＥ）和小剂量多巴酚丁胺负荷超声心动图试验（２ＤＥ－ＤＳＥ）检测６条犬的顿抑心肌，并与ＳＰＥＣＴ核素心肌灌注显像和病理对照。结果ＭＣＥ判别顿抑心肌的敏感性和特异性为８７％、１００％，２ＤＥ－ＤＳＥ判别顿抑心肌的敏感性和特异性分别为９１％和１００％。ＳＰＥＣＴ核素显像以存活分数为０．１作为标准时，判断顿抑心肌的敏感性为７４％；以存活分数为０．２为标准时，判断顿抑心肌的敏感性为４８％。     

Pulsed tissue Doppler imaging for the detection of myocardial ischaemia, a comparison with myocardial perfusion SPECT

In order to compare the diagnostic ability of pulsed tissue Doppler and myocardial perfusion Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) in patients with a history of unstable coronary artery disease, CAD, 26 patients, 22 men and four women, age 47-76 years, were investigated in a prospective study, 5-10 day after an episode of unstable angina. Tissue Doppler and two-dimensional echocardiography were performed during dobutamine stress testing and myocardial scintigraphy after bicycle exercise and at rest. Patients with a normal SPECT had higher peak systolic velocity during dobutamine infusion, 18.9 +/- 4.1 cm s(-1), than patients with ischaemia, 12.2 +/- 3.8 cm s(-1) (P<0.001) or scar, 8.8 +/- 3.0 cm s(-1) (P<0.01). In a territorial analysis the difference in peak systolic velocity between areas with a normal and abnormal SPECT was less apparent. Failure to achieve >/=13 cm s(-1) in mean-peak systolic velocity was the most accurate criterion for detection of significant CAD on SPECT. We conclude that pulsed tissue Doppler can be used for objective quantification of left ventricular wall motion during dobutamine stress testing and for identification of patients with CAD on SPECT but not for identification of regional ischaemia.     

Diastolic response during dobutamine stress echocardiography evaluated by a tissue velocity imaging technique is a sensitive indicator for diagnosing coronary artery disease.

BACKGROUND: Tissue velocity imaging (TVI) is a new method that measures regional myocardial velocities on the basis of color Doppler myocardial imaging principles. METHODS: To diagnose coronary artery disease (CAD) objectively by evaluating left ventricular diastolic responses during dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) with TVI, we performed DSE in 22 healthy participants and 28 patients with angina pectoris without wall-motion abnormality at rest. Before and during DSE, we measured the differences of time intervals from the R wave on electrocardiogram to the peak of early diastolic myocardial velocity in the same cardiac cycle between basal segments and midsegments in the septal (dT-S) and inferior (dT-I) walls by TVI. RESULTS: During DSE, dT-S in patients with left anterior descending CAD and dT-I in patients with right CAD were prolonged compared with that in healthy participants (both P <.01). The localization of the segments with a dT-S or dT-I during low-dose (10 microg/kg/min) dobutamine infusion of >32 milliseconds allowed the correct identification of the stenosed vessel in 87% of 23 patients for whom DSE was performed with the TVI technique before coronary angiography. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of regional left ventricular diastolic responses to dobutamine stress using TVI was useful for the objective diagnosis of CAD.     

Comparison of thallium-201 exercise SPECT and dobutamine stress echocardiography for diagnosis of coronary artery disease in patients with left bundle branch block

The present study assessed and compared the diagnostic accuracy of thallium-201 (Tl-201) exercise myocardial single photon emission computerised tomography (SPECT) and dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) for detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB). Study population consisted of 26 consecutive patients with permanent LBBB who were suffering from chest pain. Patients (8 women, 18 men mean age = 57 ± 8 years) were studied with DSE, Tl-201 SPECT and coronary angiography (CAG). Three different approaches for diagnosis of CAD were used to identify CAD in left arterial descending (LAD) coronary artery territories in scintigraphic studies: (1) Approach A (conventional approach): involvement of septal, and/or anterior, and/or apical wall. (2) Approach B: involvement of anterior and septal wall irrespective of apical wall. (3) Approach C: involvement of septum, anterior and apical wall. DSE gave a sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 92% and accuracy of 92% for diagnosis of CAD in the LAD coronary artery territory. Tl-201 SPECT (conventional approach) gave a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 42% and diagnostic accuracy of 69% for diagnosis of CAD in the LAD coronary artery territory. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of approach C were 33, 85 and 57% respectively. The specificity of Tl-201 SPECT significantly increased in approach C when compared with approach A and B (p < 0.02). However sensitivity of the Tl-201 SPECT with approach C showed significant decrease when compared with DSE and approach A and B (p < 0.005). Specificity of DSE for diagnosis of CAD in LAD were significantly higher than those of Tl-201 SPECT regarding the approach A and B (p < 0.01). In conclusion the use of DSE for diagnosis of CAD in patients with LBBB seems to be more suitable than Tl-201 SPECT.