根管直径和锥度对根尖微渗漏影响的实验研究

目的:探讨根管直径和锥度对根尖微渗漏的影响。方法:选取单根管下颌第二前磨牙为研究对象,根据根尖段直径和锥度分组,选取15颗牙,要求:距离解剖性根尖孔1mm根管直径(近远中径及颊舌径)<0.3mm、根尖段(距离解剖性根尖孔5mm)根管锥度(颊舌向及近远中向)<0.09,作为A组。另选取30颗牙,要求:距离解剖性根尖孔1mm根管直径(近远中径或颊舌径)>0.3mm、根尖段(距离解剖性根尖孔5mm)根管锥度(颊舌向或近远中向)>0.09,随机分为B、C组,另有阳性对照组5颗和阴性对照组5颗。实验牙均用Pro-taper镍钛根管锉统一预备至F3号,A、B组实验牙采用冷牙胶侧方加压法充填,C组采用热牙胶连续波垂直加压充填。经1%美蓝染色后剖开,观测染料渗入长度。结果:A组(1.65±0.61)mm,B组(3.06±0.74)mm,C组(1.79±0.53)mm,方差分析,各组染料渗入差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两两比较,A组相似文献   

手用ProTaper镍钛锉预备弯曲根管的临床应用

目的:探讨手用ProTaper镍钛锉预备弯曲根管的临床疗效。方法:选择需要根管治疗的100名患者的125个弯曲根管随机分为两组,实验组65个使用手用ProTaper镍钛锉以冠根向深入法预备,对照组60个使用不锈钢k锉以逐步后退法预备。两组均采用标准牙胶尖侧压充填法充填根管。记录两组根管预备时间,摄x线片评价根管预备和充填效果,回访患者术后反应。结果:实验组根管预备时间明显短于对照组(P<0.01);根管治疗满意率高于对照组(P<0.01);术后疼痛率低于对照组(P<0.01).结论:手用ProTaper镍钛锉在弯曲根管预备方面有明显的优越性。     

根管预备型号与充填温度对热牙胶充填根尖微渗漏的影响

目的 评价根管预备型号与充填温度对充填后根管根尖微渗漏的影响.方法 收集健康单根管前磨牙,Protaper镍钛系统行根管预备,根据完成锉型号分为F1～F6组(其中F6指0.60 mm,0.06锥度,是预备至F5后采用K锉逐步后退法预备而成).组内根据充填温度分为高、低温组,各7颗.除根尖3 mm,牙体表面涂布2层指甲油.染色,制作透明牙后,牙科显微镜下测量根尖染料渗入深度,记录并统计分析.结果 充填温度对根尖微渗漏的影响无统计学差异(P＞0.05),根管预备型号(F1 ～F6)对根尖微渗漏的影响有统计学差异(P＜0.05),充填温度与预备型号两因素间无交互效应(P＞0.05).F2与其他各组根尖微渗漏差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),F1与F3和F4组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),与其他组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);F6与F1～F3组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),与F4和F5组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 热牙胶充填温度对根尖微渗漏无影响,而根管预备型号对根尖微渗漏有影响,预备型号为F2时,根尖微渗漏最小.     

ProTaper机用镍钛锉预备弯曲根管的临床效果

目的:评价ProTaper机用镍钛锉预备弯曲根管的临床效果.方法:选择2005年6月至12月间本院口腔内科行根管治疗的120例患者(120颗牙),随机分为两组:试验组(PT组)用ProTaper机用镍钛锉及冠根向预备技术预备弯曲根管74个,对照组(SS组)用不锈钢K型锉及逐步后退法技术预备弯曲根管75个.两组均采用标准牙胶侧向加压法进行根管充填,通过术前、中、后的X线牙片评价根管预备与根管充填的效果.结果:PT组根管预备平均时间为(6.67±2.75)min,并发症发生率为2.68%,SS组根管预备平均时间为(11.56±6.55)min,并发症发生率为18.67%;PT组根管充填成功率为93.27%,SS组则为80.00%.经χ2 检验,两组平均根管预备时间、合并症发生率与根管充填成功率差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05).结论:ProTaper机用镍钛锉具有良好的成形能力与清理效果,是临床上预备弯曲根管的有效方法.     

不同根管预备技术对弯曲根管封闭性能的影响

目的 采用4种根管预备方法预备中重度弯曲根管,通过邻甲苯胺(O-TB)法检测各种方法对其弯曲根管充填后微渗漏的影响。方法 选取人中重度弯曲单根管牙60颗,随机分为A、B、C、D 4个实验组,每组12颗离体牙,分别用平衡力法、ProTaper/crown down法、逐步深入法、逐步后退法对根管进行预备;设E、F两个对照组,即阳性对照组和阴性对照组,每组6颗离体牙,E组不进行预备,F组用ProTaper/crown down法预备根管。建立葡萄糖微渗漏模型,充填后第30天应用邻甲苯胺(O TB)法测量其葡萄糖浓度。结果 第30天,E组葡萄糖浓度（8.41±1.76）mmol/L,F组未测得葡萄糖浓度,实验组葡萄糖浓度分别为（4.22±0.53）、（4.51±0.70）、(4.86±1.30)、(7.62±1.35)mmol/L;逐步后退法渗漏的葡萄糖浓度明显高于平衡力法、ProTaper/crown down法、逐步深入法（P＜0.05）。平衡力法、ProTaper/crown down法、逐步深入法之间渗漏的葡萄糖浓度差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 在其它条件相同的情况下,短期内应用平衡力法、ProTaper/crown down法预备中重度弯曲根管与逐步后退法相比,有利于弯曲根管充填后根管的封闭能力。     

Protaper手用锉逐步深入法预备根管治疗临床疗效观察

目的探讨Protaper手用镍钛根管锉逐步深入法进行根管预备牙根管治疗临床疗效。方法选择急、慢性牙髓炎和慢性根尖周炎69例,随机分为Protaper手用镍钛根管锉逐步深入法（治疗组）39例,不锈钢K锉逐步后退法（对照组）30例,进行根管预备,用标准牙胶尖和根管糊剂以侧方加压法充填根管,观察根管预备后牙疼痛发生情况及充填后X线摄片根管充填质量。结果Protaper手用镍钛根管锉逐步深入法牙疼痛发生率20．5％,不锈钢K锉逐步后退法牙疼痛发生率43．3％,两组病例根管充填质量比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论Protaper手用镍钛根管锉逐步深入法去除感染物质彻底,根管预备后牙疼痛发生率低,根管形态保持良好及充填质量高。     

手用ProTper联合K锉在磨牙根管治疗中的应用

目的探讨手用ProTaper联合不锈钢K锉在磨牙根管治疗中效果。方法将107例行根管治疗患者按治疗方法的不同分为PT＋K组和K组。PT＋K组56例,先用手用ProTaper用冠向下技术预备根管冠2／3段,再用K锉逐步后退法预备根尖1／3段。K组51例,用不锈钢K型锉用逐步后退法进行根管预备。比较两组疗效。结果PT＋K组单个根管预备时间和根管充填时间均少于K组（均P〈O．05）,根管预备后及根管充填后疼痛发生率均明显低于K组（均P〈0．05）,根管恰填率要高于K组（均P〈0．05）,而两组远期疗效差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论用手用ProTaper联合不锈钢K锉预备磨牙根管省时高效,能减少术后的疼痛反应,远期疗效肯定。     

三种磨牙根管预备方法的临床效果评价

目的探讨三种磨牙根管预备方法的临床效果。方法将180例患者（180颗）需根管治疗的磨牙随机分为3组,A组采用K锉逐步后退法进行根管预备,B组采用ProtaPer根向深入法进行根管预备,C组采用ProtaPer根向深入-K锉逐步后退组合法进行根管预备,以根管充填情况、根管预备后疼痛情况、器械折断和侧穿情况来评价其临床效果。结果A组根管充填适填率80.27%,低于B组和C组（P〈0.05）,B组适填率与C组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。A组根管预备后疼痛发生的概率31.67%,高于B组和C组（P〈0.05）,而B组和C组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。B组器械折断率2.17%,明显高于A组（P〈0.05）,而A组高于C组（P〈0.05）。A组侧穿率1.67%,明显高于B组和C组（P〈0.05）,而B组和C组均无侧穿发生。结论ProtaPer根向深入-K锉逐步后退组合法是磨牙根管预备的理想方法,能够达到良好的根管预备效果,又使根管预备的并发症发生率降到最低。     

HERO642镍钛锉预备弯曲根管的临床应用研究

目的：评价HERO642镍钛锉预备磨牙弯曲根管的临床疗效。方法：将245颗具弯曲根管需行根管治疗的磨牙随机分为两组,HE组用HERO642镍钛锉及冠根向深入法预备根管,SS组用K锉及逐步后退技术预备根管。两组均采用侧向加压充填法充填根管,通过术前、术后的X线牙片评价根管预备与根管充填的效果。结果：HE组比SS组操作时间明显短、术后疼痛发生率低且程度轻、根管适充率高（P〈0.01）。结论：HERO642镍钛锉在弯曲根管预备方面有明显的优越性,是值得推广的新型根管预备技术。     

手用ProTaper镍钛器械在磨牙根管治疗中的应用

目的:评价手用ProTaper镍钛器械预备磨牙根管的临床疗效.方法:选取需进行根管治疗的80颗患有牙髓炎或根尖周炎的磨牙,随机分为两组,A组:使用手用ProTaper镍钛器械,以冠根向深入法预备根管;B组:使用手用不锈钢扩大锉(K-file),以逐步后退法预备根管.两组均使用侧压充填法充填根管.记录根管预备时间、器械折断数量及工作长度变化,根据术前、术中、术后的X线片评价根管预备和充填的效果.结果:A组平均单根管预备时间较B组短,两组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);A组有一枚S1析断,B组有8枚8#到15#锉尖变形;A组预备根管后工作长度基本无变化,B组平均减少(1.41±0.93)mm(P＜0.01);A组预备后根管锥度,流畅度较好,术后疼痛发生少,且程度轻,差异有显著性(P＜0.05)结论:手用Pro T aper镍钛器械与传统不锈钢K锉相比可明显提高预备质量,尤其适于弯曲根管的预备,是值得推广的新型手用根管预备技术.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.