Nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation with CD8-depleted or CD34-selected peripheral blood stem cells

To decrease the incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) observed after nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation (NMSCT), we studied the feasibility of CD8-depleted or CD34-selected NMSCT followed by CD8-depleted preemptive donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) given in incremental doses on days 40 and 80. Fourteen patients with high-risk malignancies and an HLA-identical sibling (n = 8) or alternative donor (n = 6) but ineligible for a conventional transplant were included. Nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen consisted in 2 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) alone, 2 Gy TBI and fludarabine (previously untreated patients) or cyclophosphamide and fludarabine (patients who had previously received > or =12 Gy TBI). Patients 1-4 (controls) received unmanipulated peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) and DLI and patients 5-14 CD8-depleted or CD34-selected PBSC followed by CD8-depleted DLI. Post-transplant immunosuppression was carried out with cyclosporine A (CsA) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). Initial engraftment was seen in all patients, but 1 patient (7%) later rejected her graft. The actuarial 180-day incidence of grades II-IV acute GVHD was 75% for patients 1-4 versus 0% for patients 5-14 (p = 0.0019). Five of 14 patients were in complete remission (CR) 180 days after the transplant and 6/14 had partial responses. The 1-year survival rate was 69%, and nonrelapse and relapse mortality rates were 16 and 18%, respectively. We conclude that CD8-depleted or CD34-selected NMSCT followed by CD8-depleted DLI is feasible and considerably decreases the incidence of acute GVHD while preserving engraftment and apparently also the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect. Further studies are needed to confirm this encouraging preliminary report.     

In vivo T cell depletion with low-dose rabbit antithymocyte globulin results in low transplant-related mortality and low relapse incidence following unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Stem cell transplantation from unrelated donors is associated with an increased risk of graft failure and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Addition of pretransplant antithymocyte globulin (ATG), although reducing the risk of graft rejection and GVHD, bears the risk of overimmunosuppression, resulting in an increased relapse rate and transplant-related mortality. Therefore, we evaluated in 21 consecutive patients receiving unrelated stem cell grafts from either HLA-matched (38%) or -mismatched (62%) donors whether low-dose rabbit ATG added to cyclosporin A and methotrexate at a total dose of 3.5 mg/kg for HLA-identical and 5.0 mg/kg for HLA-mismatched transplants given in two divided doses on days -2 and -1 provides sufficient immunosuppression for prevention of GVHD and graft rejection but is associated with an acceptable risk of relapse and transplant-related mortality. Stable leukocyte engraftment was achieved in all patients (100%). Overall survival after a median follow-up of 26 (median, range 14-42) months was 56 +/- 26% (95% confidence interval, CI) and the overall relapse rate at 3 years was 24 +/- 21%. Three-year survival for standard-risk patients, i.e., chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in first chronic phase or acute leukemia in first complete remission, was 87% +/- 13% versus 40% +/- 31% for patients with more advanced disease. The incidence of acute GVHD II-IV degrees was 55 +/- 22%; that of severe acute GVHD III-IV degrees was 21 +/- 19%. Chronic GVHD was observed in 5/17 (29%) patients surviving more than 100 days post stem cell transplantation. Transplant-related mortality was 16 +/- 15% (95% CI) at day + 100 and 25 +/- 19% (95% CI) at 1 year after the transplant. The data presented show that pretransplant in vivo T cell depletion with low-dose rabbit ATG results in a low transplant-related mortality due to a low incidence of severe acute and chronic GVHD and a low relapse rate. To find out the optimal rabbit ATG dose in the unrelated stem cell transplantation setting, further dose-finding studies comparing high- and low-dose regimens are necessary.     

Clinical study on the relapsd leukemia patients with graft versus host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

OBJECTIVE: To explore the dissociation of graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effects from graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in the patients who experienced GVHD during leukemia relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). METHODS: The primary disease, disease status, GVHD, response to donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) and prognosis were analysed in 11 leukemia patients who relapsed with GVHD after allo-HSCT. RESULTS: Of the 11 relapsed, 5 were acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 6 acute myeloid leukemia. Five received DLI before relapse and all developed post-DLI GVHD, including 2 grade II acute GVHD (aGVHD), 1 limited chronic GVHD (cGVHD) plus grade II aGVHD, and 2 extensive cGVHD. After relapse of the 5 patients, 2 received Chemo-DLI, one achieved CR with extensive cGVHD and then relapsed again, the other didn't achieved CR. The other 6 patients didn't received DLI before relapse and also developed post-HSCT GVHD while relapsing, including 3 extensive cGVHD, 1 grade I aGVHD and 2 grade II-IV aGVHD. After relapse, these 6 patients received Chemo-DLI, 2 achieved CR and then relapsed again, 4 didn't achieved CR. CONCLUSION: The elicited GVHD after allo-HSCT may not accompany effective GVL effects inhibiting leukemic relapse.     

异基因造血干细胞移植后白血病复发伴活动性移植物抗宿主病患者的临床研究

目的 探讨异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)后白血病复发伴活动性移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)患者GVHD与GVL效应的分离.方法 分析11例接受allo-HSCT后在白血病复发时存在活动性GVHD的患者其原发病、疾病状态、复发时GVHD类型、供者淋巴细胞输注(DLI)疗效及转归等对GVL效应的影响.结果 11例患者包括急性淋巴细胞白血病5例,急性髓系白血病6例,其中5例曾行预防性DLI,复发时伴有活动性DLI后GVHD,包括2例Ⅱ度急性GVHD(aGVHD),1例原局限型慢性GVHD(cGVHD)加重+新发Ⅱ度aGVHD,2例广泛型cGVHD;这5例患者复发后,2例行化疗+治疗性DLI,DLI后在广泛型cGVHD反复加重情况下,1例达完全缓解(CR)后再次复发,1例未达CR.另6例患者复发前未行预防性DLI,白血病复发时亦均存在活动性GVHD,包括3例广泛型cGVHD、1例Ⅰ度aGVHD及2例Ⅲ～Ⅳ度aGVHD,复发后行化疗+治疗性DLI,之后2例达CR后再次复发,4例未达CR.结论 allo-HSCT后活动性GVHD不一定伴随可抑制白血病复发的有效GVL效应.     

100例异基因造血干细胞移植后移植物抗宿主病的发生及其对患者复发和生存的影响

本研究探讨异基因造血干细胞移植（allo—HSCT）后急性移植物抗宿主病（aGVHD）和慢性移植物抗宿主病（cGVHD）的危险因素及其与预后的关系。对我院100例行allo—HSCT患者的临床资料进行了总结,对aGVHD、cGVHD的发生率和危险因素及其对复发和生存的影响进行了分析。结果表明：31例患者发生Ⅱ-Ⅳ度aGVHD,累积发生率为34．4％;14例发生Ⅲ-Ⅳ度aGVHD,累积发生率为17．7％。HLA相合程度与aGVHD的发生无显著相关性（P〉0．05）。曾发生的Ⅱ-Ⅳ度aGVHD是发生cGVHD的危险因素（HR=2．303,P=0．088）,女性因素为保护性因素（HR=0．401,P=0．055）。发生cGVHD者复发率较低。发生Ⅱ-Ⅳ度aGVHD为影响总生存率（OS）的危险因素（P〈0．05）,重度（Ⅲ-Ⅳ）aGVHD患者的死亡率极高（81．0％）,与0-Ⅰ度患者的死亡率（35．7％）相比有显著性差异（P=0．000）。结论：GVHD和移植物抗肿瘤效应（GVL）尚不能分离,但GVL的益处可能被GVHD相关死亡因素抵消,因此需积极防治重度aGVHD。局限型cGVHD可能是长期生存的有益因素。     

异基因造血干细胞移植术治疗骨髓增生异常综合征患者临床疗效的分析

目的:分析异基因造血干细胞移植术(allo-HSCT)治疗骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)患者的临床疗效,并探讨移植后复发的治疗新策略.方法:选取并回顾性分析2013年4月至2019年11月于北京大学第一医院行allo-HSCT 的MDS患者共72例,总结移植疗效,并对影响患者生存及复发的危险因素进行探讨.结果:72例患者...     

异基因造血干细胞移植治疗复发难治性急性淋巴细胞白血病的临床研究

目的 探讨异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)对复发难治性急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)患者的疗效及治疗相关毒性.方法 观察并分析47例复发难治性ALL患者对allo-HSCT治疗的耐受情况、移植相关并发症、总生存率以及无病存活率.其中HLA相合同胞间移植(sib-HSCT)19例,HLA相合的无血缘关系移植(URD-HSCT)18例,单倍型移植(Hi-HSCT)10例.预处理方案:42例采用改良TBI+CY方案,5例采用改良BU/CY方案.移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的预防:环孢素(CsA)联合短程甲氨蝶呤(MTX)、Hi-HSCT和URD-HSCT加用霉酚酸酯(MMF)及抗胸腺细胞免疫球蛋白(ATG).定期监测微量残留病变(MRD),明确有分子生物学或细胞遗传学复发趋势的患者接受供者淋巴细胞输注(DLI).结果 所有患者均完成移植治疗,出现了不同程度黏膜炎;2例患者在应用CsA过程中有肾功能损害;1例患者发生药物性癫痢.移植后出现Ⅲ～Ⅳ度急性GVHD 7例;慢性GVHD22例;致命性肺部感染9例(包括间质性肺炎3例);出血性膀胱炎4例.有13例患者移植后再次复发.移植后造血重建的中位时间为移植后第17天.术后有19例接受DLI,6例疾病未再进展.中位随访期43(10～77)个月,预期5年总生存率为49.65%,无病存活率为46.55%.结论 统 allo-HSCT能有效治疗复发难治性ALL,改善其预后,治疗失败的主要原因是移植后复发,其次为致命性肺部感染和重度急性GVHD.DLI可能有助于减少移植后复发.     

供者淋巴细胞输注治疗HLA不合造血干细胞移植后白血病复发

目的 观察HLA不合造血干细胞移植(HSCT)后白血病复发患者中进行供者淋巴细胞输注(DLI)的有效性及安全性.方法 对HLA不合HSCT后复发患者进行G-CSF动员的DLI联合移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)预防、部分联合化疗,并观察GVHD发生、白血病缓解以及长期生存情况.结果 24例HSCT后白血病复发患者DLI后8例发生Ⅲ～Ⅳ度GVHD.短期GVHD预防可显著减少重度GVHD发生(P=0.020).8例发生慢性GVHD.3例出现骨髓抑制.16例白血病患者获完全缓解.9例无病存活,随访时间1310(961～1914)d.移植后1年和2年无病存活率分别为60%和40%.复发时骨髓幼稚细胞数量影响DLI后的缓解率和生存率,DLI后发生慢性广泛型GVHD与白血病完全缓解呈正相关(P=0.046).3例Ph阳性急性淋巴细胞白血病全部死于复发.结论 经G-CSF动员的DLI联合GVHD预防、部分联合化疗可以作为HLA不合HSCT后白血病复发的治疗手段.     

BU-CTX2预处理方案异基因造血干细胞移植治疗白血病60例

目的：评价BU－CTX2预处理方案异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT)治疗60例白血病的长期疗效。方法：1994年4月至2000年8月60例白血病患者接受了allo-HSCT，其中急性髓系白血病（AML）20例，急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）15例，慢性髓系白血病（CML）25例。53名供者系HLA完全相合同胞，4名为HLA 1个主要位点不合同胞，3名为HLA完全相合无关供者。用BU－CTX2方案预处理，用环孢菌素A＋甲氨蝶呤(54例）或甲泼尼龙（6例）预防移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）。结果：60例均植活。22例（36．7％）发生急性GVHD，其中CML组为48．0％，AML组30．0％，ALL组则为26．7％。中位随访时间24（9－24）个月，38例仍无白血病生存，22例（36．7％）死亡，其中1例死于肺部感染，3例死于急性GVHD，7例死于巨细胞病毒感染，11例死于白血病复发，其中AML3例（15．0％），ALL8例（53．3％）。8例ALL均于移植早期复发死亡。4例ALL长期生存者均发生慢性GVHD。3年无病生存（DFS）率为63．3％），其中CML组为80．0％，AML组70．0％，ALL组则为26．7％。结论：BU－CTX2为AML和CML的有效预处理方案，白血病复发率低，长期生存率高，而作为ALL的预处理方案则白血病复发率较高，提示BU－CTX2不适合作为ALL首选预处理方案。     

异基因造血干细胞移植后出血性膀胱炎发生率及其危险因素分析

目的分析异基因造血干细胞移植（HSCT）后出血性膀胱炎（HC）的发生率、危险因素及其与其他并发症的关系。方法对2003年9月至2005年9月在北京大学人民医院接受HSCT的250例患者发生HC的情况进行回顾分析。结果72例患者发生了HC，移植后180天的累积发生率为（28．80±0．29）％，其中轻度HC（Ⅰ-Ⅱ度）51例（70．83％），重度HC（Ⅲ～Ⅳ度）21例（29．17％）；全部为迟发性（LOHC）；中位发病时间为术后33（14—170）天，中位持续时间为[35．0±4．9（3～185）]d。单因素分析发现，年龄小于25岁、预处理使用抗胸腺细胞球蛋白（ATG）、疾病高危、巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染、移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）Ⅱ-Ⅳ度、非血缘关系或HLA不相合的血缘关系供者移植为HC发病的高危因素；多因素分析发现急性Ⅱ-Ⅳ度GVHD[相对危险度（RR）=2．75；95％可信区间（CI）=1．63—4．66；P〈0．01]和非血缘关系或HLA不相合供者（RR=2．60；95％CI 1．52—5．20；P〈0．01）移植为HC发生的独立危险因素。Kaplan—Meier生存分析显示HC发生对移植后1年的生存率无影响（RR=0．67，95％ CI0．33—1．36）。结论HC是异基因HSCT后常见的并发症，GVHD和非血缘关系或HLA不相合供者移植是其发生的危险因素。     

杀伤免疫球蛋白样受体配体不合非体外去除T细胞移植的不良预后因素分析

目的 探讨供、受者之间杀伤免疫球蛋白样受体(KIR)配体不合在非体外去除T细胞的HLA不合造血干细胞移植(HSCT)中的预后意义.方法 对具有HLA-B位点及C位点配型资料的94例HLA不合行HSCT的患者进行回顾性分析.结果 多因素分析表明KIR配体不合[2.833(1.286～6.241),P=0.01]和移植物中T细胞的数量[3.059(1.292～7.246)×108/kg,P=0.011]是急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD)发生的独立危险因素.在接受大量T细胞组的患者(＞1.48×108/kg)中,具有KIR配体不合的患者aGVHD的发生率明显高于缺乏KIR配体不合的患者(100%对63.3%,P=0.036);KIR配体不合明显增加了HLA-C不合组患者aGVHD的发生率(80.0%对57.4%,P=0.056);KIR配体不合还明显增加了标危患者的移植相关死亡率(50.0%对7.6%,P=0.005),从而降低了标危患者的总体生存率(50.0%对88.4%,P=0.014).结论KIR配体不合是非体外去除T细胞的HLA不合HSCT的不良预后因素,对于供者的选择具有指导意义.     

FABC预处理方案同胞异基因造血干细胞移植治疗成人高危急性淋巴细胞白血病

目的:探讨以FABC预处理进行同胞异基因造血干细胞移植治疗成人高危急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)的疗效及相关临床预后因素。方法:2004年8月至2010年8月期间,广东省人民医院采用FABC预处理方案(氟达拉滨联合阿糖胞苷,马法兰,环磷酰胺,足叶乙甙或替尼泊甙)治疗23例成人高危ALL患者,应用Kaplan-Meier法及Cox回归模型进行生存及预后分析。结果:所有患者均于+14～+21d获完全供者植入,骨髓获CR或CRi,中性粒细胞和血小板植活中位时间分别为12(4～43)d和12(5～44)d;aGVHD及cGVHD累积发生率分别为47.8%和84.2%。中位随访21(4.4～70.5)个月,移植相关死亡率为21.7%(5/23),复发率为17.4%(4/23);死亡(8/23)原因:复发3例,肺部真菌感染2例,移植相关性微血管病、巨细胞病毒肺炎和cGVHD各1例。3年的预期总生存率和无病生存率(DFS)分别是(54.4±14.6)%和(51.9±14.1)%。预后分析显示:cGVHD是DFS独立有利因素,其相对危险度为0.062(95%可信区间0.007～0.584,P=0.015)。结论:FABC预处理同胞异基因造血干细胞移植是治疗成人高危ALL安全有效的方法,cGVHD是长期无病生存的独立有利因素。     

无血缘关系供者外周血干细胞移植和骨髓移植治疗白血病的比较

目的比较无血缘关系供者外周血干细胞移植和骨髓移植在造血重建、T 细胞重建、感染、移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)及疗效等的差异。方法 53例白血病患者中,21例接受无血缘关系供者外周血干细胞移植(PBSCT 组),32例接受无血缘关系供者骨髓移植(BMT 组)。统计分析二者移植后白细胞和血小板重建时间、T 细胞重建、感染率、GVHD、白血病复发、无病生存(DFS)情况。结果PBSCT 组和 BMT 组移植后白细胞重建时间分别为(12.43±3.67)天和(16.16±2.99)天(P<0.01),血小板重建时间分别为(14.67±6.19)天和(21.23±8.25)天(P<0.01)。PBSCT 组和 BMT 组移植后1,3,6,9及12个月的 T 细胞重建差异无统计学意义。PBSCT 组和 BMT 组移植后早期感染率分别为42.86%和53.13%(P>0.05)。PBSCT 组与 BMT 组急性 GVHD 的发生率分别为61.90% 和71.885(P>0.05);在可统计的患者中,慢性 GVHD 的发生率在 PBSCT 组和 BMT 组分别为47.06%和43.48%(P>0.05)。PBSCT 组与 BMT 组移植后分别有4例和2例复发,二者复发率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);PBSCT 组与 BMT 组移植后2年 DFS 率分别为(50.14±12.00)% 和(59.81±8.99)%,二者差异也无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论无血缘关系供者 PBSCT 后的造血重建比BMT,但二者移植后 T 细胞重建、感染发生率、GVHD 及 DFS 的差异均无统计学意义。     

氟达拉滨替代环磷酰胺的预处理方案用于单倍型造血干细胞移植

目的 探讨含氟达拉滨的预处理方案对单倍型造血干细胞移植(HSCT)治疗的可行性和安全性.方法 对35例恶性血液病患者进行单倍型HSCT,其中标危4例,高危16例,复发未缓解15例,所有患者改良预处理用氟达拉滨取代静脉环磷酰胺,氟达拉滨用量为40 mg·m-2·d-1,连用5 d,供者接受rhG-CSF后采集造血干细胞,1例外周血HSCT,1例骨髓移植,33例骨髓加外周血造血干细胞联合移植,移植后观察预处理方案相关不良反应、植入、移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)发生和无病生存状况.结果 所有患者均植入成功,34例患者第1次取得持久植入;1例患者排斥母亲植入物后再进行父亲供髓移植后取得持久植入.所有患者均能较好耐受该预处理方案,无一例因预处理相关不良反应而早期死亡,无肝静脉闭塞病发生.Ⅲ～Ⅳ度急性GVHD 4例,Ⅲ度以上急性GVHD累计发生率为12.1%,慢性GVHD累汁发生率为31.7%.随访时间为8～25个月,死亡6例,复发死亡3例,而非疾病复发死亡3例,其中急性GVHD死亡例,真菌感染死亡1例,其余29例患者仍无病存活,Kaplan-Meier分析无病生存率达79.7%.结论 单倍型移植预处理用氟达拉滨取代静脉环磷酰胺安全可行,降低了方案相关不良反应,且未增加复发和感染率,有利于减少严重急性GVHD、提高移植成功率.     

外周血半乳糖凝集素9水平对异基因造血干细胞移植急性移植物抗宿主病的预测作用

目的探讨外周血半乳糖凝集素9(Galectin-9)水平对异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)后急性GVHD的预测作用。方法采集29例白血病患者allo-HSCT前、后及15例健康志愿者的外周血标本(肝素抗凝),用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测Galectin-9水平。结果急性GVHD组(13例)移植前Galectin-9水平低于未发生急性GVHD组(16例)[(7.96±1.18)μg/L对(12.37±0.97)μg/L,P<0.001]。急性GVHD组植活时Galectin-9水平高于未发生急性GVHD组[(17.78±1.78)μg/L对(9.45±0.80)μg/L,P<0.001],Ⅲ/Ⅳ度急性GVHD组(4例)Galectin-9水平[(23.25±2.59)μg/L]高于Ⅰ/Ⅱ度急性GVHD组(9例)[(14.37±1.45)μg/L]和未发生急性GVHD组(16例)[(9.45±0.80)μg/L](P=0.008,P<0.001)。移植后Galectin-9高表达组(≥13.61μg/L,13例)3年总生存率低于Galectin-9低表达组(<13.61μg/L,16例)[(69.23±12.80)%对(100.00±6.05)%,P=0.009],非复发死亡率高于低表达组[(23.08±11.69)%对(0.00±7.39)%,P=0.023],3年累积复发率差异无统计学意义[(8.33±7.98)%对(12.50±8.27)%,P=0.708]。结论移植前及移植后造血干细胞植活时外周血Galectin-9水平有助于评估急性GVHD的发生风险。     

Outcomes of acute leukemia patients transplanted with naive T cell–depleted stem cell grafts

BACKGROUND. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT). In mice, naive T cells (T_N) cause more severe GVHD than memory T cells (T_M). We hypothesized that selective depletion of T_N from human allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) grafts would reduce GVHD and provide sufficient numbers of hematopoietic stem cells and T_M to permit hematopoietic engraftment and the transfer of pathogen-specific T cells from donor to recipient, respectively.METHODS. In a single-arm clinical trial, we transplanted 35 patients with high-risk leukemia with T_N-depleted PBSC grafts following conditioning with total body irradiation, thiotepa, and fludarabine. GVHD prophylactic management was with tacrolimus immunosuppression alone. Subjects received CD34-selected PBSCs and a defined dose of T_M purged of CD45RA⁺ T_N. Primary and secondary objectives included engraftment, acute and chronic GVHD, and immune reconstitution.RESULTS. All recipients of T_N-depleted PBSCs engrafted. The incidence of acute GVHD was not reduced; however, GVHD in these patients was universally corticosteroid responsive. Chronic GVHD was remarkably infrequent (9%; median follow-up 932 days) compared with historical rates of approximately 50% with T cell–replete grafts. T_M in the graft resulted in rapid T cell recovery and transfer of protective virus-specific immunity. Excessive rates of infection or relapse did not occur and overall survival was 78% at 2 years.CONCLUSION. Depletion of T_N from stem cell allografts reduces the incidence of chronic GVHD, while preserving the transfer of functional T cell memory.TRIAL REGISTRATION. ClinicalTrials.gov ({"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT 00914940","term_id":"NCT00914940"}}NCT 00914940).FUNDING. NIH, Burroughs Wellcome Fund, Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation, and Richard Lumsden Foundation.     

Extracorporeal photopheresis in the treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease. The Hellenic experience: a study by the Hellenic association of hematology

The Hellenic experience regarding the efficacy of extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) in the treatment of 58 patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is presented in this article. All 58, except one patient, had failed at least one line of immunosuppressive treatment including steroids. Thirty-three out of 58 patients showed an objective overall response to ECP in a median time of 10 weeks after the onset of treatment. The cumulative incidence of overall response was 65.1%. In multivariate analysis, the presence of severe chronic GVHD was the only parameter associated with a significantly lower probability of response to treatment (RR=0.4, CI 95% 0.2-0.9, p=0.03). Responders to treatment with ECP were more likely to discontinue immunosuppression, had a lower probability of non-relapse mortality (RR=0.2, CI 95% 0.1-0.5, p=0.002), and a higher probability of overall survival (RR=7.8, CI 95% 3-20, p<0.001) in comparison with non-responders. Eight out of 58 patients experienced relapse of the original disease. The cumulative incidence of relapse in the group of responders to ECP was 6%, while it was 25% in the group of non-responders to ECP. In multivariate analysis, response to treatment with ECP was the only parameter statistically associated with a significantly decreased hazard of relapse (RR=0.1, CI 95% 0.1-0.7, p=0.02). ECP should be tested as first-line treatment in patients with cGVHD with the aim to minimize the duration of immunosuppression and the rate of relapse of the malignant disease.     

HLA半相合未去除T细胞骨髓移植治疗白血病的初步观察

目的探索半相合未去除T细胞骨髓移植治疗白血病的可行性.方法15例白血病患者接受HLA2～3个位点不匹配亲缘骨髓移植.用阿糖胞苷、环磷酰胺和γ射线全身照射进行预处理,供者应用G-CSF250μg/d,连用7d后采髓,移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)预防除用环孢菌素A(CsA)和甲氨蝶呤(MTX)外,在移植前第4天～第1天用抗胸腺细胞球蛋白ATG5mg@kg-1@d-1,移植后第7天开始加用霉酚酸酯1.0g/d.结果患者移植后均获得造血重建,中性粒细胞＞0.5×109/L和血小板＞20×109/L的中位时间分别是19d(13～23d)和21d(16～32d).5例(33.3%)发生急性Ⅱ～Ⅳ度GVHD,其中急性Ⅱ度肠道GVH2例,急性Ⅲ度肠道GVHD2例,急性肠道和肝脏Ⅳ度GVHD1例.可评价的9例患者中8例发生慢性GVHHD,无一例发生广泛性慢性GVHD.中位随访时间395d(110～690d),死亡6例,其中死于急性GVHD3例,死于感染2例,复发死亡1例.无病存活9例,其中6例存活在1年以上.结论供者应用G-CSF后采髓,多种免疫抑制剂联合应用的HLA半相合未去除T细胞骨髓移植,在治疗自血病过程中,有效地降低了急性重症GVHD发生,提高了无病生存,对拓宽供髓来源有重要实用价值.     

非血缘关系异基因造血干细胞移植66例分析

目的对66例血液病患者进行非血缘关系异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT），探索提高移植疗效的措施。方法慢性粒细胞白血病（CML）患者24例，急性白血病（AL）患者40例，其他血液病患者2例，经预处理治疗后，进行人类白细胞抗原（HLA）基本相合的非血缘关系骨髓移植（BMT）48例，外周血干细胞移植（PBSCT）18例：部分患者采用长程加强的移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）的预防方案（将环孢菌素A提前至预处理开始时使用，同时加用霉酚酸酯）。结果64例患者达到完全稳定的供者植入，WBC植活中位时间15d（BMT组16d；PBSCT组12d，P〈0．01）。45例患者发生急性GVHD（aGVHD），累积发生率为71．16％，其中28例患者发生Ⅰ～Ⅱ度GVHD，累积发生率57．15％；17例患者发生Ⅲ～Ⅳ度GVHD，累积发生率32．25％；COX模型分析得出HLA配型及移植方式是影响aGVHD发生的因素，HLA配型相合、采用G-CSF动员的PBSCT可以降低aGVHD，尤其是重度GVHD的发生。可供分析的36例患者中有21例发生慢性GVHD。66例接受移植的患者中复发6例，死亡27例，5年的预期生存率为52．91％。用COX模型分析得出aGVHD以及aGVHD与GVHD的预防方案的交互冈素是影响生存率的惟一因素，其相对危险度分别为1.517和1.255。结论提高非血缘关系allo-HSCT疗效的关键是控制aGVHD，而选择HLA配型相合的供者，加强移植早期的免疫抑制，可以减少aGVHD的发生     

Outcome following alemtuzumab (CAMPATH-1H)-containing reduced intensity allogeneic transplant regimen for relapsed and refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).

We report the outcome following RIT for NHL in 88 patients (LG-NHL n = 41, HG-NHL n = 37, MCL n = 10). Thirty-seven had received prior autografts and 21 were in CR at transplant. Conditioning was with alemtuzumab, fludarabine and melphalan. Sixty-five patients received PBSC from HLA-identical siblings and 23 received BM from matched unrelated donors. GVHD prophylaxis was with cyclosporin A. Grade III-IV acute GVHD developed in 4 patients and chronic GVHD in 6 patients. With a median follow-up of 36 months (range 18-60), the actuarial overall survival (OS) at 3 years was 34% for HG-NHL, 60% for MCL and 73% for LG-NHL (p < or = 0.001). The 100-day and 3-year TRM for patients with LG-NHL were 2% and 11%, respectively, and were better (p = 0.01) than for patients with HG-NHL (27% and 38%, respectively). The actuarial current progression free survival (PFS) at 3 years, including those who achieved remission following DLI for progression, was 65% for LG-NHL 50% for MCL and 34% for HG-NHL (p = 0.002). Twenty-one patients received DLI for MRD, persistent disease or relapse and 15 received DLI for mixed hematopoietic chimerism. Patients with relapsed LG-NHL and CLL achieve excellent PFS with extremely low TRM and GVHD, even when matched family donors are unavailable.