冷冻治疗血管瘤1607例

本文报道１６０７例血管瘤冷冻治疗的效果：毛细血管瘤治愈率１００％，单纯血管瘤治愈率９５．４％，肉芽肿型血管瘤治愈率８１％，海棉状血管瘤治愈率４８．８％。瘤体病理类型、面积、深度、冷冻次数与疗效有直接关系。该方法治疗血管瘤并发症少，痛苦小，操作简便，尤对面部血管瘤冷冻治疗有美容效果。     

氨基酮戊酸光动力疗法治疗90例皮肤癌及癌前病变的临床观察

目的探讨氨基酮戊酸光动力疗法（ALA—PDT）治疗皮肤癌及癌前病变的临床价值。方法选取收治的90例皮肤癌患者行ALA—PDT治疗,观察评估其治疗效果和不良反应。结果治疗6个月后,完全反应67例（74．4％）,部分反应17例（18．9％）,无效6例（6．7％）,复发13例（14．4％）。基底细胞癌、鳞状细胞癌、疣状癌、日光性角化、Bowen病、Paget病等皮肤癌及癌前病变的有效率和复发率分别为92．9％和14．3％、92．0％和16．0％、100％和14．3％、100％和12．5％、90．0％和10．0％、91．7％和16．7％,各疾病类型之间的有效率和复发率差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,且均未出现严重不良反应。结论ALA—PDT治疗皮肤癌及其癌前病变的效果满意、不良反应轻。     

冷冻治疗头面部皮肤癌临床观察

皮肤癌是常见的恶性肿瘤，治疗有微波、放射治疗、手术切除等方法。自1999年10月至今我们应用液氮冷冻治疗头面部皮肤癌56例，并进行了临床观察，取得了较好效果。     

321例皮肤癌放射治疗临床分析

目的：探讨皮肤癌放射治疗的疗效及其影响因素。方法：对1978年～1992年病理证实的皮肤癌共32l例进行了回顾性分析。结果：总的5年及10年生存率分别为66．7％和51．1％，其中：Ⅰ期92．9％，Ⅱ期74％，Ⅲ期45．1％，Ⅳ期14．3％和Ⅰ期91．4％，Ⅱ期58％，Ⅲ期21．2％，Ⅳ期0。病期越早生存率越高(P＜0．05)。基底细胞癌5年生存率为80．1％，10年生存率为69．4％；鳞状细胞癌分别为59．3％和42．6％，基底细胞癌5年及10年生存率高于鳞状细胞癌(P＜0．05)。结论：皮肤癌放射治疗的疗效与分期、病理类型有关。     

冷冻治疗头面部皮肤恶性肿瘤

皮肤癌占肿瘤发病率的第三位,89%的病例位于头面部。如实行放疗,鼻和耳壳部常发生放射性软骨膜炎,眼部则需特别防护.如外科治疗,需同时作成形手术,不是都能达到满意的功能和美容效果.头面部皮肤癌,老年人较多,常有严重的伴发病,很多不能承受传统的治疗。作者在1978～1983年用冷冻法治疗502例567个头面部皮肤癌.男性230,女性272,60岁以上占67%,许多人有严重的并发病.都经细胞学和组织学检查确诊。基底细胞癌514,包括局限型184,扩大型52,局限性复发192,扩大性复发86.鳞状细胞癌53,包括角化型44,非角化型8,未分化癌1。Ⅰ期19,Ⅱ期20,Ⅲ期3。局限性复发4,扩大性复发7。冷冻治疗前曾接受各种治疗288例(57%),包括放疗206,手术54,放疗加手术28。冷冻治疗用接触法,灌注法     

眼睑基底细胞癌无期疗效临床观察：附32例分析

１９８０年３月－１９８７年３月，用４种不同方法治疗眼睑基底细胞癌３２例（色素性７例，非色素性２５例），包括单纯手术切除７例，低温冷冻治疗５例，手术加低温冷冻１１例，手术加放射治疗９例。随访至１９９５年３月，全组无期治愈率８７．５％（２８／３２），复发率１２．５％（４／３２）。作者指出，色素性基底细胞癌在病灶外观及色素光泽方面要与恶性黑色素瘤严格鉴别，由于恶性低，故术后不需再加放疗。另外，作者认为，     

90例皮肤癌的放射治疗分析

９０例皮肤癌的放射治疗分析王传俭１９８０～１９９１年我院共收治皮肤癌９０例，现对其单纯放射治疗的远期疗效及预后因素分析如下：１资料和方法全组共９０例，均经病理检查证实。其中鳞状细胞癌５１例（５６．７％）、基底细胞癌３９例（４３．３％）。男性６５例，女...     

90例皮肤癌放射治疗临床分析

目的 回顾性分析单纯放射治疗的皮肤癌病例,探讨其临床疗效,美容效果及影响因素。方法 对１９８６年１月－１９９２年１２月经病理证实,单纯放射治疗的皮肤癌共９０例进行了回顾性分析。结果 总的５年生存率为６８．９％,其中：Ｔ１期９３．３％,Ｔ２期７５％,Ｔ３期５５．６％,Ｔ４期３７．５％。Ｔ分型越早,５年生存率越高。其底细胞癌５年生存率８１．１％,鳞状细胞癌５年生存率６０．４％,基底细胞癌５年生存率高地     

手术治疗颜面部皮肤癌的长期疗效观察

目的：探讨手术治疗颜面部皮肤癌的长期疗效。方法选取颜面部皮肤癌患者83例,所有患者均行手术治疗。对手术治疗的临床疗效进行观察。结果83例患者术后5年生存率为77．11％,10年生存率为61．45％。基底细胞癌患者5年和10年生存率分别为86．79％和73．58％,均明显高于鳞状细胞癌患者的60．00％和40．00％（P＜0．05）。临床分期为T1期的患者5年和10年生存率分别为89．58％和72．92％,T2期的患者5年和10年生存率分别为61．54％和50．00％,T3期的患者5年和10年生存率分别为55．56％和22．22％,组间比较差异明显（ P＜0．05）。结论手术对颜面部皮肤癌具有较好的治疗效果,患者术后生存期较长。     

甲状腺癌冷冻与石蜡切片诊断指标及形态变化对比分析

目的 探讨甲状腺癌冷冻切片的诊断指标及形态变化，加强对其形态学的认识，提高诊断水平。方法 收集甲状腺癌冷冻切片病例29例，对其浸润行为，生长方式、细胞核形态变化等辅助特点进行冷冻切片与石蜡切片HE染色多指标形态学和半定量分析。结果 29例中，乳头状癌26例（89．7％），其他类型癌3例（10．3％）。主要指标为浸润局部组织、瘢痕样胶原、周围软组织、包膜或血管：冷冻切片与石蜡切片分别占86．2％／96．6％，100％／100％，37．9％／41．4％，13．8％／41．4％或0．0％／10.3％；辅助指标为沙砾体、坏死或细胞异型性：冷冻切片与石蜡切片分别占62．1％／58．6％，13．8％／10．3％或37．9％／24．1％。对26例乳头状癌，冷冻与石蜡切片在毛玻璃样核、核沟、假包含体、核内空泡、核密度及乳头分枝密度等多指标观察，并进行半定量分析。除浸润包膜冷冻切片与石蜡切片有统计学意义外，其余指标与石蜡切片基本一致，无统计学差异。结论 甲状腺癌冷冻切片的诊断主要指标靠见到局部组织、胶原和周围软组织等的浸润；参考指标和进一步分型靠肿瘤生长方式、毛玻璃样细胞核等特点。     

Mutation analysis of the hMTH1 gene in sporadic human ovarian cancer

8-oxo-deoxyguanosine triphosphate (8-oxo-dGTP) is a major oxidation product in the nucleotide pool of the cell and is a potent mutagen, because it can be incorporated into DNA with equal frequency opposite either template C or A. The human MTH1 gene (hMTH1) is a homologue of the E. coli mutator gene mutT, which encodes 8-oxo-dGTPase. hMTH1 protein reduces spontaneous mutations by removing 8-oxo-dGTP from the triphosphate pool. To determine whether this gene is associated with carcinogenesis of human ovarian cancer, the present study examined, for the first time, the hMTH1 sequence in 49 ovarian cancers and 9 ovarian cancer cell lines by means of polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and sequencing analyses. A Gright curved arrow A transition at codon 83 was detected in one patient and one cell line (3.4%), followed by an amino acid change (valineright curved arrow methionine) which was known to cause the protein to be less active in vitro. This one base substitution was found in normal and corresponding tumor DNA, and its allele type was heterozygous. The same change has been detected in HNPCC (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer) and gastric cancer patients, and thus it may not represent a mutation specific for ovarian cancer. A silent Tright curved arrow C transition at codon 119 was detected in 12 patients and 2 cell lines (24.1%). No specific mutations in hMTH1 were found in either ovarian cancer patients or cell lines. Thus, it appears that hMTH1 is not directly associated with ovarian cancer.     

Signet ring cell carcinoma of the stomach.

Between 1965 and 1985, 51 of 1500 patients (3.4%) with gastric cancer who had gastric resection had signet ring cell gastric cancer. Patients with this form of cancer tended to be younger and female; the tumors were smaller and involved the stomach body, serosal invasion was less prominent, and lymph node metastases were less likely to be present. Early mucosal and submucosal cancer was present in 54.9% of the patients with the signet ring cell and in 24.6% with other types of gastric cancer. In 15.7% of patients with signet ring cell cancer, a noncurative resection was performed. The 5-year survival rate was 74.5% for patients with signet ring cell cancer and 52.4% for those with other types of gastric cancer (P less than 0.01). In patients with signet ring cell gastric cancer, the lesion is less extensive; thus, these patients probably can expect a longer survival time.     

Langerhans细胞、T-淋巴细胞浸润与宫颈癌患者临床、病理和预后的关系

为探讨中晚期宫颈癌组织中Ｌａｎｇｅｒｈａｎｓ细胞（ＬＣ）、Ｔ－淋巴细胞（Ｔ－ｃｅｌ）的浸润与组织学分级及临床、预后的关系。用ＬＳＡＢ免疫组化方法，观察１１３例宫颈组织，其中鳞癌９３例，腺癌１２例，正常宫颈组织８例。随访存活１０ａ以上５５例，１ａ内死亡５０例。结果Ｓ－１００蛋白阳性的ＬＣ突起沿着癌组织之间的间隙伸入与癌组织紧密连接。宫颈鳞癌１、２级ＬＣ浸润阳性率４４％，Ⅲ级阳性率２３．３％，（Ｐ＜０．０５），Ｔ－ｃｅｌ与腺癌组织学分级关系不明显（Ｐ＜０．０５），Ｔ－ｃｅｌ浸润与腺癌组织学分级关系不明显（Ｐ＞０．０５）。患者存活１０ａ以上ＬＣ浸润阳性率４５．５％明显高于１ａ内死亡的２４％。（Ｐ＜０．０１）·Ｔ－淋巴细胞浸润存活１０ａ以上阳性率８５．５％高于１ａ内死亡６０％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示ＬＣ和Ｔ－ｃｅｌ浸润与宫颈癌组织分化程度及预后有关。     

Overexpression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor induces angiogenesis in human breast cancer

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is known to be an important contributor to tumor progression. Overexpression of MIF has been reported in different types of tumors. However, the correlation between MIF expression and tumor pathologic features in patients with breast cancer has not been elucidated. In this study, we examined the expression of MIF, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in human tissues with or without tumor. In addition, we investigated the expression of MIF in MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 (breast cancer cell lines) and MCF-10A (epithelial cell line) cells, and its effect on VEGF and IL-8. We found that MIF was overexpressed in breast cancer tissues compared with normal ones. The level of MIF showed the positive correlation between the expression of IL-8 and tumor microvessel density (MVD). The patients with positive MIF expression in tumor tissues showed a significantly worse disease-free survival compared with negative ones. Increased MIF serum levels were also found to correlate with higher levels of IL-8 in the sera of the patients with breast cancer. In vitro experiments successfully detected MIF in breast cell lines. However, the expression level of it by normal epithelial cells was much less than that of cancer cells. Exogenous MIF did not cause endothelial tube formation and migration but induced a dose dependent increase in VEGF and IL-8 secretion in breast cancer cell lines. In summary, our studies show that human breast cancer tissue expresses MIF. Its in vitro effect on VEGF and IL-8 indicates that MIF may contribute to tumor in angiogenesis and thus play an important role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.     

Clinical study of combination chemotherapy with mitomycin C, vindesine and cisplatin (MVP therapy) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Thirty-seven patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer were treated with the combination chemotherapy (MVP therapy) with mitomycin C (8 mg/m2), vindesine (3 mg/m2 X 2) and cisplatin (60 mg/m2). The partial responders were 13 cases (35%), and the median survival time was 271 days. In this study the cisplatin dose was less than in any other report of "MVP" therapy. But both the response rate and the median survival time did not differ from those reported elsewhere. The side effects (bone marrow suppression, renal toxicity, etc.) were mild, and did not prevent the continuance of this therapy. Thus, we could repeat more than 6 courses of "MVP" therapy for 8 patients. Nowadays, it is difficult to obtain complete responders with any chemotherapy for inoperable non-small cell lung cancer. To prolong lives of patients and maintain good quality of life, we recommend chemotherapy with low toxicity in often-repeatable courses.     

A phase II trial of carboplatin in untreated patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer.

Twenty-five untreated patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ESSCLC) were treated with carboplatin (CBDCA) (500 mg/m2) given as a 24-hour infusion every 21 days. Thirteen patients responded for an overall response rate of 52% (95% confidence limits, 32% to 72%) with 3 complete responses (CR) (12%; 95% confidence limits, 0% to 25%). The median duration of response was 4.5 months. The median survival time was 8 months with three long-term survivors (12%) at 27, 33, and 43 months from the start of CBDCA treatment. Ninety-two courses of CBDCA were administered and one treatment-related death occurred. The main toxicity was myelosuppression. Grade 3 or 4 hematologic toxicity (hemoglobin level, less than 8 g/dl; granulocyte count, less than 1900/microliters; and platelet count, less than 49,000/microliters) was observed as follows: neutropenia in 7 courses (8%) and in 7 patients (28%), decreased hemoglobin level in 13 courses (15%) and in 7 patients (28%), and decreased platelet count in 10 courses (11%) all Grade 3 and in 8 patients (32%). This study demonstrates that at this dose and schedule CBDCA is a highly active drug in ESSCLC and it has tolerable toxicity.     

非小细胞肺癌中IL-8与MCP-1的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨IL-8与MCP-1在非小细胞肺癌中的表达相关性及其与非小细胞肺癌发生发展的关系,为寻找临床治疗的新靶点提供依据。方法:选取我院自2009年6月-2014年12月收集的非小细胞肺癌组织及其对应的正常组织80例,应用免疫组化的方法检测非小细胞肺癌中IL-8与MCP-1的表达,分析其与年龄、性别、是否转移、临床分型、临床分期及病理类型等临床病理因素的关系。结果:IL-8在非小细胞肺癌中阳性表达54例（67.5%）,明显高于其在正常组织中阳性表达的19例（23.8%）,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。MCP-1在非小细胞肺癌中阳性表达59例（73.8%）,在正常组织中阳性表达12例（15.0%）,两者比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论:IL-8及MCP-1在非小细胞肺癌中的表达明显增高,二者表达呈正相关,且均与肿瘤的分化、是否淋巴结转移及肿瘤分期有关。     

Prognostic significance of CD8+ T cell and macrophage peritumoral infiltration in colorectal cancer

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of CD8+ T cell and macrophage peritumoral infiltration in patients with colorectal cancer. A total of 97 adenocarcinomas of the colon and rectum were examined. Immunohistochemical staining was performed by the standard avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method using antibodies to CD8 and CD68. Peritumoral infiltration by CD8+ T cells or macrophages was evaluated along the invasive margin of the cancer in each specimen. The area with the most abundant infiltration was selected, and the number of immunoreactive positive cells counted at x400 magnification. Patients were divided into two groups based on the degree of infiltration by each cell type: namely those with a high level of infiltration (more than the mean number of positive cells) and those with a low level of infiltration (less than the mean number of positive cells). Patients with a low level of macrophage infiltration had a significantly deeper depth of invasion than patients with a high level of macrophage infiltration (P=0.027). The percentage of patients with a high level of macrophage infiltration was significantly higher in vascular invasion-negative cases (46.7%) than in vascular invasion-positive cases (22.7%; P=0.045), and in lymph node metastasis-negative cases (52.9%) than in lymph node metastasis-positive cases (28.3%; P=0.014). Overall survival was significantly shorter for patients with a low level of CD8+ T cell infiltration than those with a high level of CD8+ T cell infiltration (P=0.01). The survival rate for patients with a high level of both CD8+ T cell and macrophage infiltration was 100%. In conclusion, both CD8+ T cell and macrophage peritumoral infiltration indicates anti-tumoral action in patients with colorectal cancer.