Effect of experimental hyperprolactinemia on the sexual cycle and folliculogenesis

It is found that hyperprolactinemia results in the development of stable anovulation, in which the disruption of folliculogenesis sets in as early as at the stage of late preantral (graafian) follicles and manifests itself in a decrease of the mitotic activity in cells of the membrana granulosa. The concentration of follicle-stimulating hormone thereupon changes to different extents or remains at the control level. A direct influence of prolactin on intrafollicular estrogen production and on cell division is postulated. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 9, pp. 326–328, September, 1994     

Morphological and functional characteristics of human pituitary lactotrophic adenomas in cell cultures

Some features of the morphological cellular structure of prolactin secreting human pituitary adenomas and their secretion of prolactin and somatotropic hormone in primary suspension cultures were investigated. A possiblein vitro proliferation of lactotrophs was established. The inhibitory effect of somatostatin and its synthetic analog sandostatin, on prolactin secretion in prolactinomas was found to be less than in somatotropic hormone-secreting pituitary tumors. Presented by A. N. Konovalov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 11, pp. 543–546, November, 1994     

Role of estrogens in the regulation of prolactin receptors in liver cells of female rats

Strong expression of prolactin receptors in sinusoidal domains and cytoplasmic granules of hepatocytes, which is independent of cell location in the hepatic lobule and is positively regulated by estrogens, is revealed in pubertal female rats. In estrogen-treated animals, Prolactin receptors are also exposed in the perinuclear space of some hepatocytes surrounding the central veins. Estrogens regulate the intensity of prolactin receptors expression in hepatocytes, but not the number of cells containing these receptors. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 9, pp. 264–267, September, 1994 Presented by I. P. Ashmarin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Comparison of the blood level of endogenous paramagnetics in health and pathology using proton magnetic relaxation

An experimental study is made of the longitudinal proton relaxation timeT ₁ in human serum in health and pathology as a function of the protein concentration using partially lyophilized samples. A comparison of the results with those obtained with modeled aqueous protein solutions and extrapolation of the dependences to the zero concentration demonstrate that the concentration of paramagnetic admixtures is the same in groups of healthy subjects and patients with malignant neoplasms who have reliably differentT ₁ values in native samples. There is no difference in the longitudinal proton relaxation time of the nonaqueous component of the serum between these groups. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 11, pp. 557–560, November, 1995     

Immunocytochemical localization of the α-subunit of G-proteins in macrophages andEscherichia coli interacting with each other

The immunocytochemical localization of the α-subunit of G-proteins is established in murine macrophage-like P388D1 cells, inE. coli, and in L-forms ofE. coli. It is shown that the cytoplasmic concentration of G-proteins is increased in macrophages interacting with the bacteria. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 3, pp. 309–311, March, 1996 Presented by S. V. Prozorovskii, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Chemiluminescence study of the contents of the products of Cu2+-induced lipid peroxidation in different fractions of human blood lipoproteins

It is demonstrated that the content of the primary products of lipid peroxidation reaches the maximum after about 1-h incubation with Cu²⁺ and then declines. At a Cu²⁺ concentration of about 10–15 μM, the content of lipid peroxidation products is maximal; it does not rise with a further increase in the Cu²⁺ concentration. Comparison of the kinetics of lipid peroxidation in different lipoprotein fractions shows that low density lipoproteins are much more strongly oxidized than high density lipoproteins. A strong positive correlation between the amplitude of the chemiluminescence burst and the diene conjugate content is established in 79 independent measurements. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 2, pp. 144–148, February, 1995     

Seasonal dynamics of serotonin in the duodenum of hibernating animals

A correlation is shown between the duodenal content of serotonin in the red-cheeked souslik and the period of hibernation. The serotonin concentration in the tissue is maximal at the beginning of the hypothermia period and minimal at the end of this period. During spontaneous awakening (winter normothermia) the necessary amount of amine is produced. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 11, pp. 511–513, November, 1994 Presented by Yu. P. Borodin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Correlations between the pharmacokinetics and dynamics of pharmacological effects of bromantane

It is shown that there is a mathematical correlation between an integral characteristic of activity of the organism (the capacity for work), electrophysiological indexes of functioning of the brain structures, and the concentration of a novel derivative of 2-aminoadamantane, bromantane, in the brain. The nature of the correlation between integral characteristics of the organism studied on different levels is found to change depending on the time elapsed from the administration of the preparation and on its concentration in the blood or target tissue. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 3 pp. 305–308, March, 1995 Presented by M. D. Mashkovskii, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of dimethylsulfate on the structure and cytoarchitectonics of rat thymus

Changes of structure and cell ratios of different functional zones in the thymus under conditions of long-term dimethylsulfate administration at 0.1 and 2.0 mg/m³ on the organism are studied morphometrically on histological preparations from Wistar rats. Cyclic reactions of the thymus to the toxic substance are found to be due to compensatory processes. It is shown that the nature of the reaction does not depend on the concentration of toxic substance but that the extent of changes is a function of the dimethylsulfate concentration. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 1, pp. 96–100, January, 1995     

Na+/H+ countertransport and calcium exchange in peripheral blood cells of healthy subjects and patients with chronic heart failure

A comparative study is performed of Na⁺/H⁺ exchange and Ca²⁻ mobilization in erythrocytes and platelets of patients with stage I–II chronic heart failure caused by dilative cardiomyopathy and ischemic heart disease. A significant rise in the Na⁺/H⁺ exchange rate is found in the cells of chronic heart failure patients, which correlates with an elevated erythrocyte and platelet concentration of Ca²⁺ and an increased “calcium” response of platelets to inductors. The findings testify to a certain functional relationship between various cation-transporting cellular systems whose change in properties upon chronic heart failure can play an important pathogenic role. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 12, pp. 572–575, December, 1994     

Chemiluminescence and morphometric analysis of neutrophil granulocytes from the blood of patients with purulent-septic complications

It is demonstrated that the plasma membrane perimeter and the area of neutrophil granulocytes isolated from the blood of patients with a low level of nonspecific protection are significantly greater compared with these parameters in patients with a high level of non-specific protection. These findings can be used to determine the level of nonspecific protection in patients with purulent-septic complications for correction of therapy. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 7, pp. 91–92, July, 1994 Presented by D. S. Sarkisov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of immune “sessile” receptors on the choline receptors of the lymphocyte membrane in mice immunized with certain antigens

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 2, pp. 384–386, April, 1993     

Behavioral effects of penicillin in a test for anxiety in rats

The use of benzylpenicillin in a wide range of doses to test its influence on the behavior of rats in the elevated-plus maze revealed its activating effects on various behavioral parameters in doses between 10,000 and 150,000 U/kg, indicating that this penicillin exhibits a degree of anxiolytic activity. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 10, pp. 352–354, October, 1995     

Correction of hyperlipidemia in patients with cholelithiasis as a means of improving the results of extracorporeal lithotripsy

The results of treatment of patients with uncomplicated cholelithiasis by extracorporeal lithotripsy are analyzed. Clinical evidence confirming the relationship between hyperlipidemia and cholelithiasis is presented. The number of recurrences is foudn to decrease considerably after extracorporeal lithotripsy for judicious correction of hyperlipoproteinemia. Presented by V. S. Savel'ev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 11, pp. 555–558, November, 1994     

Role of hemoglobin affinity for oxygen in the activation of lipid peroxidation during fever

Major parameters of oxygen transport and lipid peroxidation are measured in the blood of rabbits with fever, and it is found that hemoglobin affinity for oxygen is decreased while free-radical processes are activated in this state. The data are subjected to multiple correlation analysis and the matrix of paired correlation coefficients obtained for the measured parameters is presented. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o , pp. 44–47, January, 1996 Presented by K. V. Sudakov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Specificities of the mechanism of bacterial development during the lag phase

The mechanisms ofE. coli development during the lag phase are described on the basis of biophysical characteristics of the bacterial cell. A bioelectromagnetic model closely approximates the experimental parameters of the time course ofE. coli andE. aerogenes development in the mono- and mixed culture. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o , 3, pp. 331–336, March, 1994 Presented by A. D. Ado, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effects of hydrocortisone,retabolil, and their combination on the phagocytic activity of rat blood neutrophils

Effects of retabolil on the phagocytic index, phagocytic number, and the nitro blue tetrazolium reduction test with rat blood neutrophils were studied. The drug was found to reduce these parameters. Pretreatment with retabolil arrested or attenuated the depression of neutrophil phagocytic activity caused by hydrocortisone. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 2, pp. 179–180, February, 1995     

Relationships between catecholamine levels in the salivary glands,oral mucosa,and saliva of rats with experimental staphylococcal sialadenitis

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 116, N ^o 7, pp. 38–40, July, 1993.     

Fibronectin as a compensating factor in the natural cytotoxicity system in interferon-dependent immunodeficiency

The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells (NK) against³H-uridine-labeled target cells (TC, human erythromyeloleukosis cells K-562) and the intensity of conjugate formation in the NK:TC system in the presence of γ-interferon, C-reactive protein, and human fibronectin are studiedin vitro in 14 patients with multiple sclerosis. It is shown that γ-interferon and C-reactive protein decrease the cytotoxic activity of NK with a simultaneous stimulation of conjugate formation in the NK:TC system. The correlation between the studied parameters becomes weaker. Human fibronectin induces collateral changes in the activity of NK and in the number of effector:target conjugates formed in the natural cytotoxicity reaction. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 7, pp. 67–70, July, 1994     

Role of peritoneal macrophages in the effect of natural metabolites in toxic hepatitis

It is demonstrated that under the action of CCl₄ cytosol of rat pup liver activates peritoneal macrophages with various enzyme activity. The immunomodulating effect of liver cytosol manifests itself in normalization of cellular and humoral parameters of natural resistance. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 2, pp. 148–150, February, 1996 Presented by V. P. Kaznacheev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences