左旋18-甲基炔诺酮和米非司酮对分泌中期人子宫内膜HOXA11基因表达的影响

目的:通过口服孕激素类(左旋18-甲基炔诺酮,Levenorgestrel,LNG)和抗孕激素类(米非司酮,RU486)避孕药,研究孕激素对分泌中期人子宫内膜HOXA11基因表达的影响。方法:30名自愿者,于正常月经周期排卵后d7,刮取内膜组织做自身对照;实验周期在排卵前或排卵后2d,口服小剂量LNG(18例)或RU486(12例),同样在排卵后d7刮取内膜组织。用原位杂交方法检测服药子宫内膜HOXA11基因表达的变化。结果:对照组(分泌中期)内膜,间质细胞普遍表达HOXA11mRNA,而腺上皮HOXA11的表达则呈弱阳性或阴性。口服LNG后,子宫内膜形态变化不明显;内膜腺上皮HOXA11表达量进一步下降或无明显变化(即用药前后均表达阴性);间质细胞HOXA11表达增强。服用RU486后,内膜发育明显延迟,腺上皮HOXA11表达强度普遍大于对照组,而间质细胞的表达变化无明显规律。结论:孕激素对内膜腺上皮HOXA11基因的表达起负调控作用;正常分泌中期,内膜腺上皮HOXA11表达减弱或消失是内膜分化成熟的标志。     

雌/孕激素对原代培养的子宫内膜上皮细胞HOXA11和PR基因表达的影响

目的:探讨雌、孕激素（尤其孕激素）对人子宫内膜腺上皮细胞HOXA11基因和孕酮受体（pro-gesterone receptor,PR）基因表达的影响,以及二者表达量变化的相互关系。方法:将6例增生期子宫内膜腺上皮细胞进行原代培养,当细胞生长融合时,加入17β-雌二醇或/和孕酮培养4h、4d、6d、8d,提取细胞总RNA,用半定量RT-PCR法检测HOXA11mRNA和PRmRNA表达量变化。结果:17β-雌二醇使上皮细胞HOXA11和PR基因表达量增加;而孕酮的作用效应则有所不同,当孕酮作用于与间质细胞分离培养的上皮细胞时,其HOXA11的表达增加,当上皮与间质细胞混合培养时,孕酮则降低上皮细胞HOXA11表达;孕酮对PR的影响则显示无论分离培养还是与间质细胞混合培养的上皮细胞,孕酮均可使上皮细胞PRmRNA表达量降低。结论:子宫内膜HOXA11基因表达受雌、孕激素调节,孕激素对内膜腺上皮HOXA11和PR基因均起负调控作用,但二者的发生机制有所不同。     

雌／孕激素对原代培养的子宫内膜内皮细胞HOXA11和PR基因表达的影响

目的：探讨雌、孕激素（尤其孕激素）对从子宫内膜腺上皮细胞HOXA11基因和孕酮受体(progesterone receptor,PR)基因表达的影响，以及二者表达量变化的相互关系。方法：将6例增生期子宫内膜腺上皮细胞进行原代培养，当细胞生长融合时，加入17β-雌二醇或／和孕酮培养4h、4d、6d、8d，提取细胞总RNA,半定量RT－PCR法检测HOXA11mRNA和PRmRNA表达量变化。结果：17β－雌二醇使上皮细胞HOXA11和PR基因表达量增加；而孕酮的作用效应则有所不同，当孕酮作用于与间质细胞分离培养的上皮细胞时，其HOXA11的表达增加，当上皮与间质细胞混合培养时，孕酮则降低上皮细胞HOXA11表达；孕酮对PR的影响则显示无论分离培养还是与间质细胞混合培养的上皮细胞，孕酮均可使上皮细胞PRmRNA表达量降低。结论：子宫内膜HOXA11基因表达受雌、孕激素调节、孕激素对内膜腺上皮HOXA11和PR基因均起负调控作用，但二者的发生机制有所不同。     

月经周期人子宫内膜腺上皮和基质细胞HOXA11表达的差异

目的:探讨HOXA11在月经周期人子宫内膜腺上皮和基质细胞中的表达规律及其生理意义。方法:免疫组织化学方法观察38例子宫内膜腺上皮和基质细胞HOXA11蛋白质的表达;用细胞分离筛选法,分离出子宫内膜腺上皮细胞和基质细胞,采用半定量RT-PCR和Dot-blot方法分别观察HOXA11在腺上皮和基质细胞中的表达。结果:腺上皮细胞HOXA11在分泌中晚期表达量较增生期和分泌早期显著降低;基质细胞HOXA11的表达从增生期到分泌期逐渐增加,以分泌中晚期表达量最高。结论:内膜腺上皮和基质细胞HOXA11表达在分泌中晚期变化最显著,而且其表达量呈反相变化,即腺上皮表达量下降,基质细胞表达量增加。提示HOXA11基因与着床期子宫内膜的分化、成熟密切相关;其对内膜腺上皮和基质细胞的调控机制可能不尽相同。     

HOXA-11基因与不孕及妊娠失败关系的研究

目的 :研究HOXA 11基因与不孕及妊娠失败的关系。方法 :选择 4 1例不明原因不孕症患者及 30例难免流产患者 ,同时选择 2 8例正常未孕者及 18例正常早期妊娠者分别作为对照组 ,留取子宫内膜或蜕膜组织。子宫内膜标本通过组织学检查分为增生期或分泌期。难免流产及正常妊娠组均妊娠 6～ 9周。采用原位杂交方法检测所有子宫内膜或蜕膜组织中的HOXA 11基因mRNA的表达。结果 :整个月经周期子宫内膜腺上皮细胞及间质细胞中均有HOXA 11基因mRNA表达 ,并因月经周期不同而有所波动。HOXA 11基因mRNA在分泌中晚期子宫内膜间质细胞中阳性表达率为 10 0 % ,在增生期子宫内膜间质细胞中的阳性表达率为 6 3.6 % ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;在不明原因不孕症患者中HOXA 11基因失去了它在正常子宫内膜表达的周期性变化 ,而且基因表达缺失明显。HOX A 11基因在正常增生期及分泌期子宫内膜腺上皮细胞或间质细胞中的阳性表达率分别为90 .9%、82 .4 %和 6 3.6 %、10 0 % ,在不孕症增生期及分泌期子宫内膜两种细胞的阳性表达率分别为 38.9%、4 7.8%和 2 2 .2 %、39.1% ,两组分别比较 ,差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;HOXA 11基因在正常早期妊娠蜕膜细胞中持续表达 ,其阳性表达率均为 10 0 % ,在难免流产蜕膜细胞中的阳性表达     

原位杂交检测同源框基因HoxAll在人月经周期子宫内膜的表达

了解HoxAll基因在人月经周期子宫内膜的表达及变化，探索该基因对正常内膜周期的调节功能。应用地高辛标记的RNA探针进行原位杂交。HoxAll基因主要在内膜间质细胞中表达，增殖期与分泌期比较未见明显差异。腺上皮细胞中HoxAll基因的表达量虽较间质细胞少，但有明显的周期性变化，以增生殖期腺上皮细胞表达量较高，分泌早期开始下降，到分泌中晚期表达量极低或不表达。HoxAll基因在月经周期人子宫内膜中的这种表达时空的变化与孕酮受体(PR)非常相似，提示HoxAll基因的表达与卵巢激素及其受体的调控有着密切的关系，HoxAll在分泌中期内膜腺上皮中表达下降是内膜分化的重要指标志。     

雌、孕激素对人子宫内膜Pbx2蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨人子宫内膜腺上皮细胞和基质细胞中雌、孕激素对Pbx2蛋白表达的影响。方法:采用免疫组织化学链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶(SP)连接法检测人增生期、分泌中期和蜕膜期子宫内膜中Pbx2的表达和分布;体外培养人子宫内膜基质细胞和高分化子宫内膜癌细胞Ishikawa,分别加入雌激素、孕激素、雌、孕激素联合刺激48 h,并以不加雌、孕激素的基质细胞核和Ishikawa细胞为对照组,采用免疫组织化学、免疫印迹法测定各种条件下Ishikawa细胞中Pbx2蛋白的表达。结果:①在人各期子宫内膜组织中,Pbx2表达于腺上皮细胞和基质细胞的细胞核中;Pbx2在分泌中期和蜕膜期基质细胞中的表达显著高于增生期,但在腺上皮细胞中增生期组织的表达高于分泌中期和蜕膜期,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②Western blotting结果显示,在孕激素和雌、孕激素联合处理Ishikawa细胞组中,Pbx2的表达显著低于对照组(P<0.05),雌激素处理后Pbx2的表达与其他各组间的表达无显著性差异(P>0.05),在人子宫内膜基质细胞(ESC)中,Pbx2的表达在雌、孕激素处理各组间比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:在人子宫内膜腺上皮Ishikawa细胞中孕激素对Pbx2的表达具有下调作用,在人子宫内膜基质细胞中,Pbx2的调控可能是非雌、孕激素依赖性的。     

原位杂交检测同源框基因HoxA11在人月经周期子宫内膜的表达

了解 Hox A1 1基因在人月经周期子宫内膜的表达及变化 ,探索该基因对正常内膜周期的调节功能。应用地高辛标记的 RNA探针进行原位杂交。 Hox A1 1基因主要在内膜间质细胞中表达 ,增殖期与分泌期比较未见明显差异。腺上皮细胞中 Hox A1 1基因的表达量虽较间质细胞少 ,但有明显的周期性变化 ,以增生殖期腺上皮细胞表达量较高 ,分泌早期开始下降 ,到分泌中晚期表达量极低或不表达。Hox A1 1基因在月经周期人子宫内膜中的这种表达时空的变化与孕酮受体 (PR)非常相似 ,提示 Hox A1 1基因的表达与卵巢激素及其受体的调控有着密切的关系 ,Hox A1 1在分泌中期内膜腺上皮中表达下降是内膜分化的重要指标志。     

离体培养下人子宫内膜细胞内皮素-1免疫活性物质的分泌与调节

本文应用免疫组化法观察人子宫内膜组织中的内皮素-1免疫活性物质(ET-1-ir)主要分布在腺细胞及腺腔上皮中,间质中分布很少.放免法(RIA)测得离体培养的人子宫内膜腺细胞培液中含有大量ET-1-ir,含量随培养时间延长而减少,并受雌、孕激素及RU486、dbcAMP、FK抑制,受佛波酯显著刺激而变化.间质细胞离体培养下几乎不分泌ET-1-ir.从而提示月经来潮、内膜脱卸及修复、增生可能与内膜腺体自分泌大量ET-1-ir有关.     

模拟子宫内膜微环境体外诱导兔骨髓间充质干细胞向子宫内膜上皮细胞分化的实验研究

目的:探讨模拟子宫内膜微环境体外诱导兔骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)向子宫内膜上皮细胞方向分化的可行性。方法:原代培养兔BMSCs并鉴定,提取子宫内膜条件培养液,用子宫内膜条件培养液和雌激素(β-雌二醇,1×10-7mol/L)体外诱导分化BMSCs,用细胞免疫荧光法和Western blot检测分化的BMSCs是否表达上皮细胞特异性标记蛋白。结果:兔BMSCs具有较强的增殖潜能,呈克隆性生长,表达CD44和CD90,表达率分别为99.91%、98.64%;不表达CD45。子宫内膜条件培养液和雌激素培养BMSCs5天后,大部分细胞形态由间质细胞向上皮样细胞分化;细胞免疫荧光鉴定诱导分化后的BMSCs表达角蛋白;Western blot检测实验组角蛋白表达量明显增加,与对照组相比有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:子宫内膜条件培养液联合雌激素可以诱导兔BMSCs向子宫内膜上皮细胞方向分化。体外模拟的子宫内膜微环境在BMSCs向子宫内膜上皮细胞分化中起重要作用。     

Hydrosalpinx fluid diminishes endometrial cell HOXA10 expression

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of hydrosalpinx fluid on the expression of HOXA10, an essential regulator of endometrial receptivity.DESIGN: In vitro study.SETTING: Academic medical center.PATIENT(S): Patients with unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinx.INTERVENTION(S): Hydrosalpinx fluid was aspirated from 10 patients at laparoscopy. The fluid was serially diluted in minimum essential medium. Ishikawa cells (an endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line, representative of endometrial epithelium) were incubated with this fluid at concentrations of 10% and 50% for 48 hours. Cells were also incubated in undiluted minimum essential medium (MEM) and in 10% serum as controls. After incubation, the cells were lysed in Trizol, and total RNA was extracted and analyzed by Northern blot using a 32P-labeled HOXA10 riboprobe. A 32P-labeled G3PDH probe was used as a control for loading.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): HOXA10 mRNA expression.RESULT(S): HOXA10 mRNA expression in endometrial cells decreased with increasing concentrations of hydrosalpinx fluid. Densitometric analysis of the northern blot revealed that HOXA10 mRNA expression was different from control at both concentrations (P<.007).CONCLUSION(S): HOXA10 is necessary for implantation in the murine model. HOXA10 expression is diminished by hydrosalpinx fluid. This effect on HOXA10 is a potential molecular mechanism by which implantation rates are diminished in women with hydrosalpinges.     

子宫内膜腺上皮细胞凋亡及相关基因表达调节的体外研究

为探讨Ｅ２、Ｐ、ＲＵ４８６及ＴＮＦ α对子宫内膜腺体细胞凋亡及其相关基因表达的调节,离体原代培养人子宫内膜腺体细胞经 ＴＵＮＥＬ 及免疫组化法检测。结果表明：（１）外源加入Ｅ２抑制腺体细胞凋亡,刺激Ｂｃｌ ２ 的表达。（２） Ｐ 抑制腺体细胞的凋亡,不刺激Ｂｃｌ ２、Ｆａｓ 及Ｆａｓ Ｌ 的表达。（３） ＲＵ４８６ 刺激Ｆａｓ 抗原增加并诱发腺体细胞凋亡。（４） ＴＮＦ α诱发内膜腺体细胞凋亡,对Ｂｃｌ ２、Ｆａｓ 及Ｆａｓ Ｌ 的表达无影响。从而提示,Ｅ２、Ｐ及ＴＮＦα对内膜凋亡的发生均有作用; ＲＵ４８６ 抗早孕可能与其诱导凋亡的发生有关。     

The effects of the antiprogesterone RU486 (Mifepristone) on an endometrial secretory glycan: an immunocytochemical study.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of progesterone (P) receptor blockade by RU486 (Mifepristone; Roussel-Uclaf, Paris, France) on a secretory endometrial glycan recognized by monoclonal antibody D9B1. DESIGN: Retrospective comparison of endometrial biopsies from treated and untreated women from 2 to 8 days after the luteinizing peak (LH) peak. SETTING: Infertility clinic, Jessop Hospital for Women, Sheffield. PATIENTS: Twenty-two normal fertile women received the RU486. A control group of 44 normal fertile women were also assessed. INTERVENTIONS: RU486 was administered to 22 normal women during the first half of the luteal phase and an endometrial biopsy examined 3 days later. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the production and secretion of the D9B1 epitope. RESULTS: When the drug was given 2 days after the LH peak, it prevented appearance of the epitope. When RU486 was administered 5 days after the LH peak, epitope already present in gland cells was subsequently secreted. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that production of the sialo-oligosaccharide is P-dependent, but secretion through established intracellular pathways is P-independent.     

Effect of mifepristone on estrogen and progesterone receptors in human endometrial and endometriotic cells in vitro

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expressions of estrogen (E) receptor and progesterone (P) receptor in human eutopic and ectopic endometrium and the effect of mifepristone (RU486) on them. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENT(S): Twenty-two patients with ovarian endometriosis and 13 patients with uterine leiomyoma were recruited. INTERVENTION(S): Samples of ovarian endometrioma cyst tissue and endometrium were obtained from the 22 patients. A sample of endometrium was obtained from the 13 patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Expressions of E and P receptors were determined using immunocytochemical method. RESULT(S): P receptor expression in endometrial epithelial cells with endometriosis was significantly higher than that without endometriosis in the early secretory phase. Estrogen receptor and epithelial P receptor expressions in endometriotic cells were significantly lower than those of endometrial cells during the proliferative phase, similar with the latter during the early secretory phase and significantly higher during the late secretory phase. RU486 down-regulated the expressions of E and P receptors in both the eutopic and the ectopic endometrial cells, and in some cases this down-regulating effect was more apparent when the concentration of RU486 was higher. CONCLUSION(S): Different steroid receptor expressions indicate different hormonal regulation between endometriotic and endometrial cells. The down-regulating effect on E and P receptors may be one of the therapeutic mechanisms of RU486 on endometriosis.