SILA-C2191-A和B，黄灰链霉菌产生的多环San酮类新抗生素 Ⅰ．菌种分类，发酵，分离纯化和生物学活性

在筛选具有生物活性的放线菌新代谢产物的过程中，从放线菌SIIA-A02191的发酵产物中发现了新的多环San酮类抗生素SIIA-C2191A及其溴代类似物SIIA-C2191B。基于形态学、化学分类和16SrDNA等数据，将分离自渤海湾沙地土壤的产生菌鉴定为灰黄链霉菌。活性化合物采用减压快速层析法和制备型高效液相进行分离纯化。化合物SIIA-C2191A和SIIA-C2191B均对革兰氏阳性菌显示强抗菌活性，但对革兰氏阴性菌的抗菌活性较弱。     

SIIA-C2191-A和B,黄灰链霉菌产生的多环(口山)酮类新抗生素Ⅰ.菌种分类,发酵,分离纯化和生物学活性

在筛选具有生物活性的放线菌新代谢产物的过程中,从放线菌SIIA-A021 91的发酵产物中发现了新的多环(口山)酮类抗生素SIIA-C2191A及其溴代类似物SIIA-C2191B.基于形态学、化学分类和16SrDNA等数据,将分离自渤海湾沙地土壤的产生菌鉴定为灰黄链霉菌.活性化合物采用减压快速层析法和制备型高效液相进行分离纯化.化合物SIIA-C2191A和SIIA-C2l9B均对革兰氏阳性菌显示强抗菌活性,但对革兰氏阴性菌的抗菌活性较弱.     

海鞘来源放线菌Streptomyces pratensis SCSIO LCY05中Anthracimycin类化合物及其抗菌活性研究

目的 研究来源于海鞘的放线菌Streptomyces pratensis SCSIO LCY05产生的抑菌活性物质。 方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、中压制备色谱、半制备HPLC等方法对其发酵产物分离纯化,经HR-ESI-MS、NMR以及X-ray单晶衍射等方法确定化合物的结构;采用微量二倍稀释法对化合物进行抗菌活性评价。 结果 从发酵产物中分离鉴定了3个化合物：anthracimycin C(1)、anthracimycin(2)和anthracimycin B(3),结构得到X-ray单晶衍射的确证,其中化合物1为新化合物。经抗菌活性测定,化合物2和3对6株革兰氏阳性菌具有显著的抑制活性,最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值在0.0675-0.25 μg/mL之间,并首次发现化合物2和3对藤黄微球菌和模仿葡萄球菌生长抑制活性良好。 结论 海洋共附生微生物是天然活性物质的重要来源,从海鞘来源的S. pratensis SCSIO LCY05中分离获得具有抗菌活性的anthracimycin类化合物可作为良好的抗菌药物先导化合物。     

海洋放线菌WBF16次级代谢产物的分离与结构鉴定

目的分离和鉴定海洋来源的放线菌WBF16代谢产物中的抗肿瘤活性成分。方法利用大孔树脂、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析、硅胶柱层析、反相柱色谱和HPLC等方法对该放线菌发酵产物进行分离,根据理化性质和波谱学方法进行化学结构的鉴定;利用MTT法来检测化合物的抗肿瘤活性。结果从海洋放线菌代谢产物中分离得到其特征代谢产物色霉素A2(1)和2-甲基-5,6,7-三甲氧基-1,4-萘醌(2)。结论化合物2为新天然产物,化合物1为首次从海洋微生物中分离得到,同时化合物1对人口腔上皮癌KB细胞、人肺癌细胞株A549、人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721的细胞毒活性较好,IC50值分别为3.81、7.21和12.58μg/L。     

海洋放线菌分离及菌株Streptomyces sp. AH17-3的次级代谢产物研究

目的对海洋放线菌进行分离及抗肿瘤活性筛选,并对一株具有抗肿瘤活性的海洋放线菌AH17-3的次级代谢产物进行研究。方法采用溶剂萃取、柱色谱层析及制备HPLC等方法对菌株AH17-3的发酵产物进行化学分离,通过理化性质及波谱学方法并参阅文献进行化合物结构鉴定,以SRB法评价化合物的抗肿瘤活性。结果从海洋样品中分离放线菌174株,从菌株AH17-3中分离得到了4个聚酮类化合物,经鉴定其结构分别为germicidin A(1)、germicidin B(2)、daidzein(3)、genistein(4)。其中化合物1具有弱的细胞毒活性,其IC50为3.5×10-7 M。结论海洋放线菌是重要的药用微生物资源,化合物1,2均为首次从海洋放线菌中分离得到。     

海洋放线菌代谢产物蒽环类化合物研究进展

海洋放线菌代谢产物是抗肿瘤活性物质的重要来源。近年来,从海洋放线菌中分离到很多新化合物,其中许多结构新颖的蒽环类代谢产物具有良好的抗菌抗肿瘤活性。文章对近年来从海洋放线菌中分离得到的蒽环类代谢产物进行了归纳,并展望今后海洋天然产物的发展方向。     

海绵共附生疣孢菌FIM060022抑菌活性代谢产物的研究

目的 从海绵共附生疣孢菌FIM060022的发酵液中分离抑菌活性次级代谢产物.方法 采用多种色谱技术分离纯化获得活性化合物,并对化合物进行结构鉴定及活性测定.结果 从菌株FIM060022的乙酸乙酯提取物中分离得到6个化合物,根据化合物的光谱特征(ESI-MS、1D-NMR和2D-NMR)和理化性质分别鉴定为abyssomicin B(5)、C(1)、H(6),proximicin A(4),lumichrome(2)和腺嘌呤核苷(3).抗菌活性表明化合物1、3～6对藤黄微球菌的生长均有明显的抑制作用.化合物1还对金黄色葡萄球菌的生长有较强的抑制作用,而对枯草芽孢杆菌和短小芽孢杆菌生长的抑制作用相对较弱.此外,化合物4和5对黑曲霉生长具有较弱的抑制作用.结论 本研究从海绵共附生疣孢菌FIM060022中同时分离得到抗菌活性物质abyssomicin和porximicin,化合物2和3为首次从该属菌的代谢产物中分离得到,为进一步开发利用海洋稀有放线菌资源奠定了一定的基础.     

海洋来源放线菌Streptomyces sp. SCSIO BEMM34的次级代谢产物研究

摘 要:目的 对一株来源于南海沉积物的放线菌Streptomyces sp. SCSIO BEMM34进行菌种鉴定及次级代谢产物研究。方法 通过16S rDNA序列分析并构建系统发育进化树来鉴定菌株,利用硅胶、凝胶层析,半制备高效液相分离等手段对海洋放线菌SCSIO BEMM34的发酵产物进行分离纯化,通过波谱数据分析及文献比对的方法对分离纯化得到的化合物进行结构鉴定,采用滤纸片法进行抗菌活性测试。结果 从一株海洋来源放线菌中分离得到2个戊二酰亚胺类化合物1和2,以及一个酚酸类化合物3。抗菌活性测试结果表明,化合物1-3都没有明显的抑菌活性。     

海洋源放线菌Streptomyces sp.SCSIO 10428中吩嗪生物碱类抗生素的分离鉴定

目的对从广西北海斜阳岛海域沉积物中分离的1株海洋源放线菌Streptomyces sp.SCSIO 10428进行次级代谢产物及活性研究。方法对海洋源放线菌Streptomyces sp.SCSIO 10428的发酵产物进行有机溶剂萃取,利用硅胶、凝胶柱层析等手段纯化次级代谢产物,通过波谱数据分析及文献比较对化合物进行结构鉴定,对化合物进行了抗菌、卤虫致死以及抗氧化活性评价。结果从海洋源放线菌Streptomyces sp.SCSIO10428发酵产物中分离得到3个生物碱类化合物,其结构分别鉴定为1-甲氧基吩嗪(1),1-羟基吩嗪(2),吩嗪-1-羧酸(3);活性结果显示化合物1~3对白色念珠...     

藏北高原盐湖放线菌Nocardiopsis sp. N85的活性次级代谢产物研究

目的 对藏北高原当穹错盐湖来源放线菌N85进行初步分子鉴定及活性次级代谢产物研究。方法 通过菌株16S rRNA序列比对、系统发育树构建及全基因组序列分析，初步确定N85的分类地位；以抗菌活性及代谢物丰富度为指标，采用OSMAC策略确定最佳发酵条件；基于HPLC-UV、UPLC-Q-TOF-MS及UNIFI数据库筛查技术，对活性化合物进行结构预测；通过硅胶柱色谱和反相HPLC分离纯化活性成分；经NMR波谱数据分析并与文献对比确定化合物的结构。结果 菌株N85隶属于拟诺卡菌属放线菌，经过OSMAC培养基优化，从菌株粗提物中预测并分离鉴定3个活性产物，分别为萘醌类化合物2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone(1)，吡喃酮类化合物norcardiatone A(2)和norcardiatone C(3)，其中化合物1为主要活性成分。化合物1～3首次从内陆盐湖来源放线菌中分离获得。结论 应用光谱、质谱等多谱学数据分析结合UNIFI数据库筛查等策略，可快速实现天然产物的早期结构排重，对加速新型抗生素的高效发现具有指导意义。     

Arisostatins A and B, new members of tetrocarcin class of antibiotics from Micromonospora sp. TP-A0316. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological properties

Arisostatins A and B, new members of tetrocarcin class of antibiotics were isolated from the culture broth of an actinomycete strain. The producing strain, TP-A0316, was identified as Micromonospora sp. Arisostatins were obtained from the culture fluid by solvent extraction and chromatographic purification. They showed antibiotic activity against Gram-positive bacteria and antitumor activity.     

Nannochelins A, B and C, new iron-chelating compounds from Nannocystis exedens (myxobacteria). Production, isolation, physico-chemical and biological properties.

Novel citrate-hydroxamate siderophores, named nannochelins A, B and C, were isolated from the culture broth of the myxobacterium Nannocystis exedens strain Na e485. The new substances showed weak growth-inhibitory activity against some bacteria and fungi.     

弯孢马利亚霉SIIA-F12361产生的新代谢产物研究

目的:对海洋生境来源菌株SIIA-F12361进行分类学鉴定以及次级代谢产物的化学研究.方法:采用形态学与18S rDNA序列分析对菌株进行分类学鉴定.通过硅胶柱层析、LH-20分子筛层析和反相制备HPLC诸方法,对新化合物进行分离纯化,并根据高分辨质谱、紫外、红外光谱和核磁共振数据对化合物SIIA-C12361进行结构鉴定.结果:鉴定菌株SIIA-F12361为弯孢马利亚霉,其产生的新次级代谢产物属于倍半萜烯内酯类化合物.结论:弯孢马利亚霉SIIA-F12361产生一新倍半萜烯内酯化合物.     

Rhodopeptins (Mer-N1033), novel cyclic tetrapeptides with antifungal activity from Rhodococcus sp. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activities

Five novel cyclic tetrapeptides, named rhodopeptin C1, C2, C3, C4 and B5, were isolated from a strain named Rhodococcus sp. Mer-N1033. They are a novel type of cyclic tetrapeptide composed of a beta-amino acid and three usual alpha-amino acids. Rhodopeptins show high in vitro antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans, whereas they show no activity against bacteria.     

New glutarimide antibiotics, S-632-B1 and B2. I. Taxonomy of producing strain, fermentation and biological properties

Strain S-632 was found to produce new glutarimide antibiotics, S-632-B1 and B2, which were isolated from the culture fluid. A taxonomic study on strain S-632 was carried out, and the taxonomic characterization demonstrated that it belonged to the species Streptomyces hygroscopicus. The strain was given the name S. hygroscopicus S-632. These antibiotics were active against Saccharomyces sp., but inactive against filamentous fungi and bacteria, and had cytotoxic activity against KB tissue culture cells.     

Kedarcidin, a new chromoprotein antitumor antibiotic. I. Taxonomy of producing organism, fermentation and biological activity

Strain L585-6 (ATCC 53650) is an actinomycete isolated from a soil sample collected in Maharastra State, India. It produces a new chromoprotein antitumor antibiotic, designated kedarcidin. Taxonomic studies demonstrated that strain L585-6 is an unidentified and unknown actinomycete. Kedarcidin shows potent antitumor activity against implanted P388 leukemia (3.3 micrograms/ml/kg) and B16 melanoma (2 micrograms/kg) in mice. Kedarcidin also shows potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria but no activity against Gram-negative bacteria.     

Aurafuron A and B, new bioactive polyketides from Stigmatella aurantiaca and Archangium gephyra (Myxobacteria). Fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical properties, structure and biological activity

New antibiotic polyketides, named aurafuron A (1) and B (2) were isolated from culture extracts of myxobacteria of the species Stigmatella aurantiaca and Archangium gephyra, strain Ar 10844. By multi-step chromatography 1 and 2 were separated from a variety of other non-related co-metabolites, and their structures elucidated by spectroscopic methods as new 5-alkenyl-3 3(2H)-furanones. Aurafurons inhibited the growth of some filamentous fungi and additionally, aurafuron B was weakly active against few Gram-positive bacteria. Both compounds also showed cytotoxic activity against the mouse fibroblast cell line L929.     

Watasemycins A and B,new antibiotics produced by Streptomyces sp. TP-A0597

Two novel antibiotics, watasemycins A and B, were isolated from the fermentation broth of an actinomycete strain. The producing strain TP-A0597 was isolated from the seawater sample collected in Toyama Bay, Japan and identified as Streptomyces sp. based on the taxonomic study. The new antibiotics were obtained by solvent extraction and chromatographic purification and spectroscopic analyses identified that they were new analogs of thiazostatins. Watasemycin possesses a methyl group at 5'-position of thiazostatin instead of a hydrogen atom. Watasemycins showed antibiotic activity against Gram-positive and negative bacteria and yeast.     

TPU-0031-A and B, new antibiotics of the novobiocin group produced by Streptomyces sp. TP-A0556

Two novel antibiotics, TPU-0031-A and B, were isolated from the culture broth of an actinomycete strain. The producing strain, TP-A0556, was identified as Streptomyces sp. based on the taxonomic study. The new antibiotics were obtained by solvent extraction and chromatographic purification. Spectroscopic analyses showed that TPU-0031-A and B were 7'-demethylnovobiocin and 5"-demethylnovobiocin, respectively. These compounds showed antibiotic activity against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria.