射频辐射致畸效应的研究

在科技发展的今天,微波应用范围逐渐扩大,军事、工农业、商业、医疗甚至进入家庭日常生活,从而接触辐射的人数和空间辐射强度也逐渐增加。因此,研究微波的各种生物学     

近场射频辐射条件下大白鼠共振吸收频率的研究

在Ｅ极化、辐射电平１ｍｗ／ｃｍ２条件下，在４０．６８ＭＨｚ～４ＧＨｚ频段内６个频率点上，利用红外热图术观察了６０只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ成年大白鼠，连续辐射１ｈ后，体表及各部位体表温度变化。结果表明，体表温度与肛温变化有很好的一致性，并在１．５ＧＨｚ有最大值。它表明在该频率下，实验鼠吸收射频能量最大，表现出明显的谐振吸引特性。     

神经生长因子对中枢神经系统胆碱能神经元的影响

神经生长因子（nervegrowthfactor，NGF）是一种经典的神经营养因子。NGF在周围神经系统（PeriPheralnervoussystem，PNS）参与交感神经元、神经嵴起源的感觉神经元的发育、存活、维持及损伤修复等作用已逐渐为人们所认识[1-2]。八十年代后，人们发现NGF对中枢神经系统（centra     

手机辐射与人体头颅相互作用的仿真分析

手机与人体相互作用中涉及两方面问题,一是人体吸收的电磁剂量是否超过限值标准从而对人体造成伤害;二是人体对手机的辐射特性会产生什么影响.采用时域有限差分(FDTD)法经数值仿真进行探讨.结果表明,当手机内置PIFA天线、辐射频率为1 800 MHz、辐射功率为1 W时,人体头颅的总体平均比吸收率未超过ICNIRP颁布的公众基本限值标准,但头颅内任意10 g组织中平均比吸收率的最大值却超过了公众基本限值标准.同时,头颅的影响使手机的辐射特性发生变化,当手机贴于左耳时,手机天线的方向图较之于处在自由空间时的方向图而言发生了向上、向左的偏斜,并且辐射到空间的功率约为辐射总功率的60%,被头颅吸收的功率约为辐射总功率的40%.     

手机辐射对健康的影响

手机给人们的生活带来极大的便利，但其电磁辐射可能对人体具有潜在威胁。到目前为止，手机辐射导致的生物学效应仍没有明确的结论。从流行病学和实验研究两个方面综述了有关手机辐射的最新研究进展。     

孕期手机辐射暴露对仔鼠神经系统影响的研究进展

近年来,孕期手机辐射暴露对仔代的影响引起人们的关注。本文就孕期手机辐射暴露对仔鼠神经系统形态、成分及行为功能的影响进行综述。     

银杏内酯A对中枢神经系统作用及机制的研究进展

银杏叶提取物在心脑血管方面得到广泛应用,其中银杏内酯A(GA)具有很强的药理活性,主要是通过抗炎、抗凋亡、抗氧化损伤、清除自由基,以及抑制Aβ聚集来产生神经保护作用。对脑缺血、缺血/再灌注损伤、Aβ损伤、胆碱能损伤方面具有改善作用。本文就GA对中枢神经系统的影响作一综述。     

射频对肿瘤患者血液流变学的影响

目的 观察实体瘤患者接受射频治疗前后血液流变学五项指标的变化。方法 选用ＳＲ１０００型射频机，治疗前和疗程结束后，空腹抽肘静脉血检测。结果 ３８例实体瘤患者射频疗程结束后，红细胞压积（ＨＣＴ），全血粘度，还原粘度及红细胞变形能力（ＩＦ）与治疗前相比均有明显改变。结论 ＳＲ１０００型射频治疗机对实体瘤治疗的同时，可改变五项血液流变学指标。     

Selective central nervous system tropism of primary central nervous system lymphoma

Primary Central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is most frequently a diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), which is confined to the Central nervous system (CNS). We performed an experiment in which lymphoma cells from a PCNSL patient were implanted subcutaneously in an athymic mouse. The lymphoma cells were shown to home to the CNS with histologic evaluations of the brain showing multiple large B cells in blood vessels consistent with intravascular large B cell lymphoma (IVL). We did not find any evidence of lymphoma at the site of implantation or other locations. The findings are consistent with highly selective tropism of PCNSLforthe CNS and its vasculature.     

中枢神经系统损伤疾病的坏死性凋亡机制研究进展

坏死性凋亡是新近发现的一种程序性坏死途径,在死亡受体信号激活后由RIP1和RIP3调控,并可被化合物necrostatin-1特异性抑制。目前研究证实坏死性凋亡涉及多种中枢神经系统损伤疾病的发生机制,并且通过干预坏死性凋亡信号通路,对诸多因素引起的中枢神经系统损伤具有一定的保护作用。深入研究坏死性凋亡的分子调控机制,有望为中枢神经系统损伤疾病治疗提供更多的潜在新靶点。     

Primary sensory neurons in the central nervous system

Published data and our own results relating to exteroceptor and a variety of interceptor neurons in the brain and spinal cord, such as intraspinal Hesse ocelli and light-sensitive epiphyseal and ependymal neurons, are presented. Light-sensitive ganglion neurons in invertebrates are also described, along with intrinsic spinal cord bipolar sensory neurons within the spinal cord, primary chemo-and thermosensitive neurons, and sensory unipolar neurons associated with the three fine “central nerves” of Motavkin, which perforate the sheath of the spinal cord and ending with bush-like receptors close to vessels or near the ependyma of the central canal. Data on all known intracortical interoceptors in vertebrates are generalized into a single scheme. It is hypothesized that the brains of animals and humans have an intrinsic sensory innervation comparable with the innervation of other organs and containing local primary sensory neurons and their asynaptic dendrites, which can be divided into two groups: interceptor and exteroceptor. __________ Translated from Morfologiya, Vol. 127, No. 3, pp. 75–81, May–June, 2005.     

Nestin in central nervous system cells

This literature review reflects current knowledge on the intermediate filament protein nestin, which most authors regard as a marker of “neural stem/progenitor cells.” The structural-functional characteristics of nestin and its presence in various central nervous system cells at different stages of ontogenesis in normal and pathological conditions are discussed. __________ Translated from Morfologiya, Vol. 131, No. 1, pp. 85–90, January–February, 2007. Director: Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Professor V. A. Otellin     

Birth injury of the cranium and central nervous system

Abstract Birth injury of the scalp, skull and central nervous system (CNS) is a well-recognized complication of a difficult delivery. The rate of birth trauma has dropped precipitously and now accounts for less than 2% of neonatal deaths. Despite this dramatic decrease in birth-trauma mortality significant injuries still occur. A variety of risk factors clearly predispose certain infants to birth-related injury. Recent neuroradiology studies indicate that intracranial hemorrhage, even in asymptomatic infants, is not rare. Pathologists' (neuropathologists and forensic pathologists) appreciation of the spectrum of birth injuries and their sequelae is critical in order to be able to distinguish these from inflicted injuries and post-mortem changes.     

原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤9例浸润播散方式的临床病理观察

目的 探讨原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤(primary central nervous system lymphoma,PCNSL)在脑组织内浸润播散的方式.方法 复习9例PCNSL的临床病理资料,重点观察其在脑组织内浸润播散方式.结果 9例PCNSL中,8例为手术标本,1例为尸解标本,病理类型均为非霍奇金淋巴瘤,8例为弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤,1例为非特异性外周T细胞淋巴瘤,中位年龄57岁,观察到3种基本浸润和播散方式:(1)沿血管周隙浸润,破坏血管周隙在血管周围浸润,侵入血管壁呈血管炎状改变,使血管腔闭塞.(2)沿神经束间浸润,在大脑灰质层和小脑分子层形成单个或数个细胞与脑表面垂直的条索向脑表面软脑膜下浸润.(3)上述两种方式浸润的瘤细胞最终进入脑皮质浅层和蛛网膜下腔.结论 PCNSL沿血管周隙、血管周围、神经纤维间隙等结构浸润至脑皮层浅层和蛛网膜下隙,并进一步播散.     

中枢神经系统真菌感染诊断治疗进展

中枢神经系统真菌感染发生率近年有逐渐增高之趋势,颅内真菌感染可分为弥漫性感染和局灶性感染,临床表现多为脑膜炎、脑膜脑炎引起的发热和颅高压症状,以及由颅内占位性病变所致的局灶性神经缺损症状。中枢神经系统真菌感染的诊断需将病史、流行病学、基础疾病、临床表现、影像学表现和各项实验室检查结果等综合分析,脑组织或脑脊液标本中找到真菌是诊断的金标准。中枢神经系统真菌感染的治疗原则是有效控制致病危险因素,使用有效抗真菌药物,对真菌脓肿、肉芽肿等进行积极手术干预。同时应积极探索新的诊断、治疗方法,以期改善患者预后。     

The quaking mouse: regional variations in the content and protein composition of myelin isolated from the central nervous system

Myelin was isolated from six regions of the central nervous system of quaking and littermate control mice. The yield of myelin from the mutant animals ranged from 2% of the control level in the most rostral parts of the central nervous system to 16% in the spinal cord, with an intermediate value (10%) for the optic nerves; these results are in close agreement with the data of others obtained by quantitative electron microscopy. Electrophoretic analyses of myelin from the telencephalon, diencephalon, brain stem and spinal cord revealed a marked deficit of proteolipid and small basic proteins in all fractions from quaking mice; however, neither of these proteins exhibited clear rostro-caudal trends with respect to the ratio of protein contents between quaking and control mice.An hypothesis is proposed to account for the regional variations in the mutant's myelin deficit; it is suggested that the quaking mutation induces an arrest in myelinogenesis through a mechanism which is common to both oligodendroglial and Schwann cells.     

中枢神经系统血管母细胞瘤MRI特点分析

目的 进一步提高对中枢神经系统血管母细胞瘤MRI特点的认识。方法 搜集经手术病理证实的中枢神经系统血管母细胞瘤21例，对其MRI表现进行回顾性分析。结果 血管母细胞瘤常见于后颅窝，发生于椎管内者少见。本组21例23个病灶，大囊小结节型9例，实质型10例，单纯囊型2例。血管母细胞瘤典型表现为大囊、小结节且结节显著异常强化。实质型MRI特征性不强，术前误诊率高达70％，尤其脊髓内实质型，术前MRI正确诊断率仅为20％。结论 MRI是诊断血管母细胞瘤的有效检查方法，MRI增强对于血管母细胞瘤的正确诊断和分型尤为重要。