Thoracoscopic resection of a mediastinal venous hemangioma: Report of a case

Mediastinal hemangioma is a rare tumor, accounting for 0.5% or fewer of all mediastinal tumors in most reports. We herein report a case of thoracoscopic resection of venous hemangioma in the middle mediastinum. A 48-year-old man was referred to our hospital for dysphagia. A chest computed tomography scan showed the mass to have a smooth surface and heterogeneous contents. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated the morphology of the vascular tumor to be a hyperintense mass on a T2-weighted image. Using thoracoscopic surgery, the tumor was completely extirpated and confirmed histologically to be a venous hemangioma. In this case, thoracoscopic surgery provided a satisfactory view and facilitated correct handling for the mediastinal venous hemangioma.     

Cavernous hemangioma of the bladder: a case report

A case of cavernous hemangioma of the bladder treated with transurethral resection is presented. A 67-year-old female was admitted to this department with the chief complaint of gross hematuria. At cystoscopy a gray, sessile tumor the size of a grain of rice was found at the left lateral wall. Computed tomography confirmed the observation of the cystoscopy and showed that the tumor did not invade into the muscle layer of the bladder wall. With the preoperative diagnosis of bladder tumor, transurethral resection of the tumor was carried out on March 2, 1984 and the specimen was pathologically diagnosed as cavernous hemangioma of the bladder. Sixty-one cases of bladder hemangioma including this case are reviewed briefly.     

Pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma with pleural dissemination: Report of a case

Pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma is relatively rare and is usually considered a benign tumor. There have been no reports of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma with pleural dissemination. This report presents an extremely rare case of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma with pulmonary dissemination. A 57-year-old woman was found to have an abnormal shadow in the right lower lung field on chest X-ray. Chest computed tomography (CT) indicated a 2.5-cm mass in the right lower lobe. A bronchoscopic biopsy failed to identify malignant cells, which led to the patient undergoing an excisional lung biopsy. Intraoperative findings showed a tumor in the right lower lobe with multiple small nodules in the pleura. The pathological findings revealed that the tumor was sclerosing hemangioma with pleural dissemination. Annual follow-up CT showed irregular pleural thickness, which suggested progressive dissemination 3 years after the operation. Although pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma is regarded as a benign tumor, the potential for malignancy may be a consideration in this setting.     

A case of convexity cavernous hemangioma associated with meningioma

A case of convexity cavernous hemangioma associated with sellar meningioma with parasellar extension is presented. A 61-year-old female who had complained of left blepharoptosis and diplopia was admitted to our hospital. On admission she showed left oculomotor nerve palsy. Plain CT revealed an isodense mass in the sellar and parasellar region. Computed angiotomography demonstrated that this mass was enhanced heterogeneously and filled the sellar turcica and extended superiorly. And homogeneously enhanced mass in the convexity without mass effect was observed. Angiogram revealed no tumor stain in any phase. With these findings, this case was diagnosed as the multiple meningiomas preoperatively. Left frontotemporal craniotomy was carried out, and subtotal removal of sellar and parasellar tumor and total removal of convexity tumor were performed. Pathologically the sellar and parasellar tumor was diagnosed as meningioma, convexity tumor as cavernous hemangioma derived from dura mater. Convexity cavernous hemangioma derived from dura mater is very rare, only one case was reported previously. Only 2 cases of cavernous hemangioma associated with meningioma have been reported in the literature. Correlation between cavernous hemangioma and meningioma is discussed. It is possible to owe this complication to the developmental abnormality concerning with inner factor like genetic factor and so on, because both tumors are mesodermal origin. However it is proper to regard that this complication occurred by chance.     

Adult Capillary Hemangioma of the Liver: Report of a Case

We report a rare case of capillary hemangioma of the liver in an adult. The patient was a 55-year-old man, admitted for investigation of a hepatic tumor. The tumor was seen as a hypoechoic mass with a peripheral hypoechoic ring on ultrasonography. Computed tomography (CT) showed an enhancement pattern different from that of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or cavernous hemangioma. Ultrasonography-guided biopsy was technically very difficult because the tumor was located just below the diaphragm. We could not establish whether the tumor was HCC or cavernous hemangioma by the imaging findings, so we performed a hepatic resection. Histopathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of capillary hemangioma. Ultrasonography, CT, and magnetic resonance imaging showed an intermediate pattern between cavernous hemangioma and HCC. Thus, we must be aware of the possibility of capillary hemangioma when finding an atypical liver tumor inconsistent with HCC or cavernous hemangioma.     

经腹膜后入路腹腔镜下肾上腺血管瘤切除术的临床经验分享

目的:总结经腹膜后入路腹腔镜下肾上腺血管瘤切除术的手术经验。方法:回顾分析2014年5月至2016年12月收治的5例术后病理证实肾上腺血管瘤患者的临床资料,其中男1例,女4例,中位年龄42(27~67)岁;中位肿瘤直径3.5(2.4~4.5)cm,左侧2例,右侧3例;术前CT提示5例肿瘤均为囊实性、边界清,2例肿瘤内可见明显多处钙化。5例患者均行后腹腔镜肾上腺肿瘤切除术。结果:5例手术均顺利完成,无一例中转开放,术中、术后无严重并发症发生。中位手术时间65(50~90)min,术中出血量<50 mL,术后中位住院时间4(3~6)d;术后病理结果提示,5例均为肾上腺血管瘤;术后中位随访时间15(9~36)个月,患者恢复情况良好,无激素不足等症状出现,随访期间均未见肿瘤局部复发。结论:肾上腺血管瘤是较罕见的肾上腺良性肿瘤,术前影像学检查明确困难,术后病理为金标准。后腹腔镜肾上腺肿瘤切除术治疗肾上腺血管瘤可行、安全、有效,值得临床推广应用。     

Intracranial capillary hemangioma: a case report]

Capillary hemangiomas are the most common tumor of the neck and head in children. Intracranial capillary hemangioma without generalized neuro-cutaneous hemangiomatosis is extremely rare, with only one report in the literature. We report a case of intracranial capillary hemangioma originating from the temporal base. An 8-year-old boy presented with a severe headache and nausea. A CT scan showed a low-density area in the left temporal lobe and an iso-density mass at the temporal base. This mass was enhanced by contrast medium. The mass lesion appeared as an iso-intensity area on T1-weighted MR images and as a high-intensity area on T2-weighted MR images, and the mass was enhanced almost uniformly by gadoliniumdiethylene triaminepenta-acetic acid. Cerebral angiography showed abnormal staining fed by the anterior temporal artery. An operation was performed, and all of the tumor with the dura attached was removed. The histological diagnosis was capillary hemangioma. The tumor consisted of a proliferation of capillary vessels lined by a single layer of endothelial cells. In this paper, we review the clinical features, neuro-imaging findings and proposed etiology of capillary hemangioma.     

Spindle cell hemangioma in the infratemporal fossa: A unique case report

IntroductionSpindle cell hemangioma (SCH) is a rare vascular tumor which was first described in 1986. It affects mostly the distal extremities. The head and neck are rarely involved. This article reports the first case of SCH in the infratemporal fossa.Presentation of caseA 41-year-old woman presented with an 8-month history of right cheek swelling. Facial CT scan and MRI showed an intensely and heterogeneously enhancing tumor of the infratemporal fossa suggesting an angiomatous neoplasm. The mass was excised surgically through an anterior maxillary approach. The histopathological and immunohistochemistry analysis revealed a SCH.ConclusionThis case report presents a unique presentation of a Spindle cell hemangioma in an unexpected location of the head and neck region. it underlines the importance for clinicians and pathologists to consider the Spindle cell hemangioma as a possible etiological diagnosis of infratemporal fossa tumors.     

Venous hemangioma of the urethra: a case report

A case of urethral hemangioma in a 61-year-old female is reported. She had the complaint of urethral bleeding and difficulty on urination since November 2, 1986. Physical examination revealed a reddish colored, thumb-head sized tumor at the external urethral meatus. All laboratory tests revealed normal findings. At cystoscopy reddish mucosa was found at the distal urethra. With the preoperative diagnosis of urethral tumor, the tumor was removed en masse under spinal anesthesia. The tumor mass was 2.0 x 1.7 x 1.2 cm. The specimen was pathologically diagnosed as venous hemangioma of the urethra. The patient remains symptomless for 2 months after the operation. Six cases of urethral hemangioma including this case have been reported in the Japanese literature and are reviewed briefly.     

Hepatic Sclerosing Hemangioma Mimicking a Metastatic Liver Tumor: Report of a Case

We present herein the case of a sclerosing hemangioma of the liver which was extremely difficult to differentiate from liver metastasis of rectal cancer, in a 67-year-old woman. All the radiological findings were compatible with liver metastasis; however, marginal pooling of the tumor revealed by computed tomographic angiography and magnetic resonance imaging scans was inconsistent with a diagnosis of liver metastasis. At laparotomy, the tumor was macroscopically unusual in that it was yellowish elastic-hard with a very clear margin, and thus, it did not have the appearance of a metastatic tumor. Mile's operation and a partial hepatectomy were performed, followed by an uneventful postoperative course and no signs of recurrence. The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level in the peripheral blood was not elevated at any time. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was a rare hepatic tumor, namely, a "sclerosing hemangioma," based on the findings of cellular fibrous stroma containing vascular channels with flattened endothelial cells. Preoperatively differentiating between sclerosing hemangioma and a metastatic liver tumor from colorectal cancer may be very difficult; however, this case demonstrated some interesting characteristics, namely, the serum CEA level was not elevated, marginal pooling of the tumor was found in the enhanced radiological findings, and the tumor was macroscopically unusual. Therefore, the possibility of sclerosing hemangioma should be borne in mind when considering the differential diagnosis of patients suspected of having colorectal liver metastasis. A preoperative biopsy should be carried out and when a laparotomy is performed under the misdiagnosis of colorectal liver metastasis, it is advisable that either an intraoperative needle biopsy or a frozen histological analysis be undertaken to avoid unnecessary extended hepatic resection of this rare benign hepatic tumor. Received: July 2, 1999 / Accepted: March 24, 2000     

左侧肾上腺巨大血管瘤1例并文献复习

目的提高肾上腺血管瘤的诊治水平。方法回顾分析我院收治的1例肾上腺海绵状血管瘤病例的临术资料,总结归纳其临床特征及影像学CT和MRI表现,结合相关文献综合分析。结果患者,体检发现左侧肾上腺区肿物。查体无明显阳性体征。生化、内分泌等实验室检查均在正常范围。CT表现为向心性增强、斑片状边缘强化、弥漫性钙化的特点。在全麻下成功行左侧肾上腺血管瘤切除术,肿瘤最大径10cm,呈圆形、实性、有完整包膜。手术时间2.5h,出血约200mL,术后1周出院。术后随访1个月,未见肿瘤复发及转移。结论肾上腺血管瘤临床罕见,无特异性临床表现,但其CT和MRI的特征性表现有助于对该病的诊断。     

Epithelioid Hemangioma of the Thoracic Spine: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Context: Osseous epithelioid hemangioma is uncommon, and reports of epithelioid hemangiomas of the spine are especially rare.

Study Design: Case report.

Findings: A 43-year-old male was referred to our department with progressive gait disturbance. CT scans showed a lucent mass in the vertebral body at the T3 level. MRI of the thoracic spine showed a strongly enhanced mass compressing the spinal cord. The patient underwent laminectomy from T2 to T4, debulking of the tumor, and posterior fusion from T1 to T5. After the operation, the patient's neurological status improved significantly, and he was able walk without assistance. Histological examination determined that the tumor was an epithelioid hemangioma. The patient was treated with 40 Gy radiation for local control of the tumor. The patient could walk without difficulty 12 months after the surgery.

Conclusion: This is a rare example of an epithelioid hemangioma that developed in the thoracic spine and compressed the spinal cord, and was treated successfully.     

非肢体血管瘤手术中阻断血供的应用

目的探讨非肢体血管瘤手术治疗时减少术中出血的方法. 方法 1998年11月～2003年11月共收治非肢体血管瘤49例,其中男21例,女28例,年龄3个月～63岁.毛细血管瘤14例,海绵状血管瘤25例,蔓状血管瘤7例,混合性血管瘤3例.根据血管瘤的性质和不同部位选择不同阻断血供的方法.头面颈部蔓状血管瘤扪清搏动的滋养血管后,于其一侧血管约1 cm处用7号丝线深缝一针,暂时缝扎致血管远端搏动消失再切除血管瘤;腹股沟及大腿上份蔓状血管瘤于瘤体组织近端腹股沟韧带上切开分离出髂总或髂外动脉、或在其远端切开分离出股动脉,通过无创血管夹阻断血流,再切除血管瘤;头面颈部、躯干部的毛细血管瘤及海绵状血管瘤瘤体周围用7号丝线间断缝扎,暂时阻断周围滋养血管,再切除血管瘤. 结果通过阻断血供,血管瘤组织不同程度缩小,术中出血明显减少.术后均获随访6个月～4年,49例中47例完全愈合,无复发,外形满意,功能恢复正常.有2例因术后第2天出血行二次手术止血,术后伤口愈合,功能基本恢复正常. 结论手术切除非肢体血管瘤之前阻断血供可明显减少术中出血,降低手术难度,为尽可能彻底切除血管瘤、减少复发创造了条件.     

Recurrent giant hemangiomas of liver: Report of two rare cases with literature review

Most hepatic hemangiomas (HHs) are small, asymptomatic and do not require clinical intervention. Surgical resection is only indicated for symptomatic hemangiomas. We report here cases of recurrent HHs in 2 women of 37 and 40 years old, who initially presented with abdominal pain and mass. Radiological examination of each tumor revealed a solitary tumor of 14 and 20 cm in diameter, respectively. Surgical liver segmental resections were performed in both, and the diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma was confirmed. Both patients had recurrent tumor on subsequent radiological examination 4-5 years after the initial surgery. In the first patient, a 15 cm recurrent hemangioma was resected, but multiple hemangiomas were again detected 8 years later occupying the other hepatic lobe, which was not amendable for resection. In the second patient, a 16 cm hemangioma was seen on radiogram, and because the lesion was not symptomatic, conservative observation was offered. Recurrence after liver resection of giant hemangioma is extremely rare. The pathogenesis of tumor progression and recurrence is unknown, as is the management of these patients with recurrent hemangioma, particularly when it is extensive and unresectable.     

肾脏交织状血管瘤的影像学表现：附2例报告并文献复习

目的探讨肾脏交织状血管瘤的临床特点及影像学表现,提高对该病的诊断及治疗水平。方法回顾性分析2例原发于肾脏的交织状血管瘤患者的临床资料,2例患者术前接受CT 或 MRI 检查均诊断为肾脏肿瘤性病变,均接受腹腔镜下根治性肾脏切除术。结果肿块在CT 上呈类圆形,边界尚清,凸向肾窦,增强呈不均匀性延迟强化特点;T2 WI 上呈不均匀的稍高信号,DWI 呈等或稍高信号,PWI 上强化方式与增强 CT 相似,呈向心性充填。术后病检肿块呈灰褐色,与周围组织境界清,无包膜;显微镜下,肿块具有松散的小叶结构,肿瘤细胞无异型性;免疫组化示 CD31(＋)、CD34(＋)。术后患者恢复良好,未出现明显复发或转移迹象。结论交织状血管瘤是肾脏的良性血管瘤性疾病,临床少见,影像学上有一定的特点,但术前诊断困难。此类病变应与肾脏恶性肿瘤,特别是血管肉瘤相鉴别。治疗上以手术治疗为主。     

A case of intrascrotal hemangioma]

Intrascrotal hemangioma is rare. A case is presented and the literature is reviewed. A 35 year-old male with the complaint of a painless right scrotal mass underwent right high orchiectomy because the mass was hard and difficult to separate from the right testicle in scrotal exploration. Histologic study revealed that the tumor consisted of a venous hemangioma and the greater part of it was displaced by organized connective tissue. It is extremely rare for a case of intrascrotal hemangioma to require orchiectomy.     

Cavernous hemangioma of the testis: a case report and review of the literature

A 73-year-old man consulted our hospital with a painless intra-scrotal mass in the left testis. Serum levels of human beta-chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein were normal. Scrotal ultrasonography demonstrated left testis with a heterogeneous texture. A diagnosis of probable testicular malignancy was made, and a left radical orchiectomy was performed. The histopathological diagnosis was testicular cavernous hemangioma. To our knowledge, only 19 cases of cavernous hemangioma of the testis have been reported in the literature so far. Although this is a rare tumor, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of testicular tumor.     

Primary intraosseous cavernous hemangioma of the toe

Intraosseous cavernous hemangioma is an uncommon benign vascular tumor. A 21-year-old man presented with a small painless swelling of the left foot’s long toe. X-ray examination showed an outgrowing bony lesion that has cortical continuity in the tip of the long toe’s distal phalanx lateral aspect. Preoperative examination yielded no final diagnosis. En bloc resection was performed. The histological diagnosis was intraosseous cavernous hemangioma. To the best of our knowledge, this case is a first report of primary intraosseous cavernous hemangioma of the toe.     

Pedicled cardiac hemangioma with right ventricular outflow tract obstruction

A 46-year-old female was admitted to our hospital complaining of dizziness. Echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a pedicled tumor in the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), causing severe obstruction during systole. Resection was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass. Postoperative course was uneventful, with complete disappearance of major symptoms. Histological examination revealed the nature of the tumor to be a benign hemangioma. As reports of cardiac hemangioma causing severe RVOT obstruction are extremely rare, this case warrants attention.     

Synovial hemangioma of the knee joint with cystic invasion of the femur: a case report and review of the literature

Synovial hemangioma is a rare benign intra-articular tumor. It may be a cause of pain and recurrent joint swelling in children and young adults. This report presents a 29-year-old patient with a synovial hemangioma in the left knee joint. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed the typical features of a soft tissue hemangioma and revealed a cystic invasion of the medial femur. The tumor was locally excised and a partial synovectomy was performed. The lesion of the femur was filled with autologous bone from the iliac crest. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a synovial hemangioma. In a review of the recent literature we report the common features of a synovial hemangioma, with emphasis on its diagnosis and therapy.