非肌层浸润性膀胱癌病史或合并非肌层浸润性膀胱癌对行根治手术的上尿路尿路上皮癌患者预后的影响——上海仁济医院10年资料总结

目的:探讨非肌层浸润性膀胱癌(NMIBC)病史或合并NMIBC对行根治手术的上尿路尿路上皮癌(UTUC)患者预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析我院于2006年1月～2015年12月收治的693例UTUC患者的临床及随访资料,分析其临床病理特点及NMIBC病史或合并NMIBC对预后的影响。采用χ2检验分析NMIBC病史或合并NMIBC与各临床病理因素的关系,运用Kaplan-Meier法及log-rank检验进行生存分析,采用Cox比例风险模型进行单因素及多因素分析。结果:87例(12.6%)有NMIBC病史或合并NMIBC,606例(87.4%)无NMIBC病史及未合并NMIBC。随访2～133个月,中位随访时间40个月。随访期间共有216例死亡,其中172例死于UTUC;148例出现膀胱内肿瘤复发。有NMIBC病史或合并NMIBC的患者相较于无NMIBC病史及未合并NMIBC的患者有着更高的多灶性肿瘤(肾盂+输尿管)的比例(P0.001)及更大的肿瘤直径(P=0.031)。Cox多因素回归分析结果显示NMIBC病史或合并NMIBC、年龄≥65岁、肿瘤WHO高级别、肿瘤≥pT2期及淋巴结转移是总生存率(OS)和肿瘤特异性生存率(CSS)的独立危险因素,而肿瘤直径3cm是CSS的独立危险因素;NMIBC病史或合并NMIBC、性别及肿瘤位置是膀胱内无复发生存率(IRFS)的独立危险因素(均P0.05)。结论:有NMIBC病史或合并NMIBC是UTUC患者行根治术后OS、CSS和IRFS的独立危险因素,因此需加强对有NMIBC病史或合并NMIBC的UTUC患者的术后随访。     

非肌层浸润性膀胱尿路上皮癌320例的复发及进展

目的探讨不同部位非肌层浸润性膀胱尿路上皮癌复发及进展的因素。方法回顾性分析我院及大连医科大学附属二院自2014年3月-2019年8月收治的320例非肌层浸润性膀胱癌行经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术(TURBT)患者的临床资料。肿瘤按解剖位置分为前壁﹑侧壁﹑后壁﹑顶壁﹑三角区﹑颈部,按病理分期为Ta﹑T1。分析不同部位肿瘤的复发及累积进展率。明确肿瘤位置与预后之间的相关性。结果患者平均随访28.5(17.1~48.5)月,总复发率35.00%﹑累积进展率7.81%(25/320)。与其他部位相比,膀胱三角区﹑颈部肿瘤复发率分别为45.00%﹑41.30%,累积进展率分别为15.00%及13.04%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论膀胱三角区及颈部非肌层浸润性膀胱尿路上皮癌容易出现复发及进展,需要积极的临床干预。     

200例非肌层浸润性膀胱癌复发及进展的危险因素分析

目的分析200例非肌层浸润性膀胱癌(NMIBC)复发及进展的危险因素。方法对2012-01—2015-12间在郑州大学第一附属医院进行治疗的200例经病理证实为NMIBC患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。所有患者均进行经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除术(TURBT)治疗,并进行随访,从年龄、性别、肿瘤数目、大小、分期、分级、术后是否即刻膀胱灌注化疗等多方因素进行分析。结果患者术后均随访12~59个月,平均33.4个月。复发70例(35.00%),进展28例(14.00%)。单因素分析结果表明,肿瘤数目、大小、分期、分级、术后是否即刻膀胱灌注化疗等因素与患者复发、病情进展相关(P0.05)。经多因素分析发现,肿瘤数目、大小、分期、分级、术后是否即刻膀胱灌注化疗并非导致患者病情进展的独立危险因素(OR1)。结论肿瘤数目、大小、分期、分级、术后是否即刻膀胱灌注化疗均是NMIBC患者复发与病情进展的危险因素,临床应加以重视。     

经尿道钬激光切除与经尿道双极等离子电切治疗非肌层浸润性膀胱尿路上皮癌的疗效及安全性对比分析

目的 探讨经尿道钬激光切除与经尿道双极等离子电切治疗非肌层浸润性膀胱尿路上皮癌的疗效及安全性.方法 选取2012年5月至2015年12月武汉市红十字会医院收治的86例非肌层浸润性膀胱尿路上皮癌患者作为研究对象,按其治疗方法随机分为A组和B组,每组43例,A组患者在非肌层浸润性膀胱尿路上皮癌的对症基础治疗上经尿道予行钬激光切除术,B组患者在该疾病对症基础治疗上经尿道予行双极等离子电切术.治疗结束后,记录比较两组患者的手术情况、并发症发生情况、住院时间、住院费用及出院随访后的复发情况.结果 A组患者的手术时间及术后冲洗量均明显少于B组(P<0.05);两组患者术后均未出现膀胱穿孔,且在住院时间、导尿管留置时间、住院费用及复发情况的比较上差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但A组术中未发生闭孔神经反射,B组闭孔神经反射发生16例(37.21%)(P<0.05).结论 经尿道钬激光切除术可减少非肌层浸润性膀胱尿路上皮癌患者的手术时间及术后冲洗量,降低其闭孔神经反射的发生率,具有止血性好、安全性高等特点,可作为临床上治疗非肌层浸润性膀胱尿路上皮癌的一种首选手术方式.     

二次电切术治疗非肌层浸润膀胱尿路上皮癌的临床价值

目的探讨非肌层浸润膀胱尿路上皮癌二次电切术的临床价值。方法将60例非肌层浸润膀胱尿路上皮癌患者随机分为观察组和对照组2组,每组30例,均给予尿道电切术,观察组行二次电切术。比较2组复发情况,并对比首次电切与二次电切的病理结果。结果观察组复发4例(13.3%),出现复发时间(6.3±1.2)个月,其中原电切部位复发1例(3.3%),其他部位复发3例(10.0%),单发1例,多发2例。对照组复发13例(43.3%),出现复发时间(2.4±0.9)个月,其中原电切部位复发7例(23.3%),其他部位复发6例(20.0%),单发4例,多发2例。以上差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组初次电切的病理结果显示,Ta期4例(13.3%),T1期26例(86.7%)。二次电切病理结果为Ta期2例(6.7%),T1期19例(63.3%),T2期9例(30.0%)。1例Ta期升为T1期,1例Ta期升为T2期,8例T1期升为T2期。以上差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论二次电切术能够有效降低非肌层浸润膀胱尿路上皮癌的复发率,同时对纠正病理结果具有重要临床价值。     

膀胱非尿路上皮癌的诊断与治疗

目的 探讨膀胱非尿路上皮癌的发病特点,总结其诊治经验.方法 回顾分析2001年1月至2009年12月收治的59例膀胱非尿路上皮癌的临床资料.其中男37例,女22例,平均年龄72.6岁;临床主要表现为无痛性肉眼血尿和膀胱刺激症状;辅助检查包括B超、盆腔CT及膀胱镜检+活检.另选同期膀胱尿路上皮癌51例作为对照.比较两组患者围手术期治疗,术后1、3和5年生存率等差异.结果 59例膀胱非尿路上皮癌患者,术后病理检查证实膀胱腺癌13例、膀胱鳞癌10例、膀胱小细胞癌5例、膀胱平滑肌肉瘤2例、副神经节瘤4例和混合癌肿25例.其中行全膀胱切除术41例,膀胱部分切除术6例,经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术(TUBRT)12例.术前新辅助治疗4例,术后辅助放疗14例,术后辅助化疗35例.有效随访53例,术后1、3和5年生存率分别为83.1%、54.7%和28.3%.51例膀胱尿路上皮癌术后均经病理证实诊断,其中行全膀胱切除术12例,膀胱部分切除术3例,TUBRT 36例.术后成功随访43例,术后1、3和5年生存率分别为81.8%、76.7%和72.7%.结论 膀胱非尿路上皮癌临床少见,恶性程度较高,预后较差.根治性膀胱全切除术是首选手术方法,结合不同肿瘤类型的病理特点,辅助或新辅助放、化疗可望提高疗效.     

二次TURBt联合膀胱灌注化疗及肿瘤细胞抗原负载的树突状细胞治疗非肌层浸润性膀胱癌的临床研究

目的 观察二次TURBt联合膀胱灌注化疗及肿瘤细胞抗原负载的树突状细胞(DC)治疗非肌层浸润性膀胱癌的安全性及疗效. 方法 T1期膀胱尿路上皮癌患者80例.男59例,女21例.年龄30～ 85岁,平均65岁.入组患者均在第一次TURBt术后4～6周行二次TURBt,术后常规膀胱灌注化疗.分为2组:DC组40例,对照组40例.DC组自外周血分离出单核细胞,体外诱导分化为DC,加入该患者的肿瘤抗原共培养,获取负载肿瘤细胞抗原的DC;在二次TURBt术后6～8周将肿瘤细胞抗原负载的DC回输,每周1次,共4次,每次腹股沟皮下注射细胞数不低于1×106个,每疗程回输细胞总数＞4×106个.观察DC组免疫指标改变及不良反应,比较2组患者肿瘤复发比例.结果 80例患者第一次TURBt病理分级G117例(21.3％)、G254例(67.5％)、G39例(11.2％);二次TURBt病理检查发现残存肿瘤27例,总阳性率33.7％;Ta期8例(29.6％)、T1期19例(70.4％);G13例(11.1％)、G2 19例(70.4％)、G3 5例(18.5％).二次TURBt时Ta期8例中分级同第一次TURBt 6例,分级升高2例;T1期19例中分级同第一次TURBt 12例,分级升高5例,降级2例.单发16例,均位于原电切处;多发11例,其中原电切处可见菜花样肿瘤7例.DC回输治疗时出现寒战、发热5例,给予地塞米松10 mg静脉推注治疗后缓解.治疗前、治疗后1年及2年患者血中白细胞、SCr、ALT值比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).与治疗前比较,治疗后1年及2年CD4、CD8、CD4/CD8等指标比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而治疗后1年后及2年各指标比较差异无统计学意义.DC组1年内复发1例(2％),2年内复发3例(6％);对照组中1年内复发6例(20％);2年内复发9例(30％),2组复发率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 二次TURBt联合膀胱灌注及肿瘤细胞抗原负载的DC回输治疗是降低非肌层浸润性膀胱癌复发率较有效的方法.     

应重新认识膀胱部分切除术在肌层浸润性膀胱癌治疗中的作用

1膀胱部分切除术治疗肌层浸润性膀胱癌的历史膀胱部分切除术（partial cystectomy,PC）作为一种保留膀胱的手术方式,能够全层切除膀胱壁,完整切除膀胱病灶,并保证了充分的切缘。     

人表皮因子受体-2在膀胱尿路上皮癌和上尿路上皮癌中表达的差异性分析

目的 探索人表皮因子受体-2(HER-2)在膀胱尿路上皮癌(UBC)和上尿路上皮癌(UTUC)中表达的差异性,及其与这两种疾病复发及进展的相关性。方法 回顾性分析2015年11月—2022年6月兰州大学第二医院泌尿外科收治的184例尿路上皮癌患者,按照肿瘤部位分为UBC组及UTUC组,比较两组中HER-2的阳性表达率,绘制生存曲线。比较两组患者的无复发生存期(RFS)及无进展生存期(PFS)。应用Cox比例风险模型分析HER-2阳性表达对UBC及UTUC患者复发及进展的影响。结果 UBC患者HER-2阳性表达显著高于UTUC患者(49.6%vs.32.2%,P=0.027)。UTUC患者中,肾盂癌患者HER-2阳性表达相较于输尿管癌差异无统计学意义(30.6%vs.34.8%,P>0.05)。Cox多因素回归分析显示HER-2阳性表达影响UBC复发(P<0.001);HER-2阳性表达(P<0.001)、肿瘤直径≥3 cm(P<0.001)、分期≥T2(P=0.003)以及多发肿瘤灶(P=0.033)均可影响UBC进展;HER-2阳性表达对UTUC复发及进展的影...     

膀胱部分切除术仍然是肌层浸润性膀胱癌治疗的选择吗？

初次诊断的膀胱泌尿上皮细胞癌（urothelial carcinoma of the bladder,UCB,简称＂膀胱癌＂）中约20%为肌层浸润性膀胱癌（muscle-invasive bladdercancer,MIBC）,80%为非肌层浸润性膀胱癌;后者术后约20%～30%的病例进展为MIBC;合计约40%的膀胱癌病例最终成为MIBC。对于MIBC的治疗,上世纪50年代曾流行膀胱部分切除术（partial cystectomy,PC）。     

Clinical outcome of tumor recurrence for Ta, T1 non-muscle invasive bladder cancer from the data on registered bladder cancer patients in Japan: 1999–2001 report from the Japanese Urological Association

Objective:   To characterize the clinical outcome in a large contemporary series of Japanese patients with newly diagnosed Ta, T1 non-muscle invasive bladder cancer who underwent transurethral bladder tumor resection with or without intravesical chemotherapy or Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy.
Methods:   We developed a database incorporating newly diagnosed non-muscle invasive bladder cancer data and outcomes from a Japanese bladder cancer registry between 1999 and 2001 and identified a study population of 3237 consecutive patients who had complete data based on pathological features. Median patient age was 69.9 years.
Results:   The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall recurrence-free survival rates were 77.0%, 61.3%, and 52.8%, respectively. In multivariate analyses, the multiplicity of bladder tumors, tumor size greater than 3 cm, pathological stage T1, tumor grade G3, and the absence of adjuvant intravesical instillation were independent risk factors for tumor recurrence. Overall, 1710 patients (52.8%) received intravesical instillation; chemotherapy in 1314 (76.8%) and BCG treatment in 396 (23.2%). In patients treated with intravesical chemotherapy in which an anthracycline chemo-agent was used in 90.5% of the cases, multivariate analyses demonstrated that male gender, multiple bladder tumors, a tumor size greater than 3 cm, and pathological stage T1 were associated with tumor recurrence.
Conclusions:   The accumulation and analysis of data from the Japanese National Bladder Cancer Registry made it possible to determine the clinical characteristics, management trends, and survival rates for the period studied. Further study with a dataset created from longer follow-up data would be warranted to analyze tumor progression and disease survival.     

Overexpression of Eg5 predicts unfavorable prognosis in non‐muscle invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma

Objective: To investigate the relationship between Eg5 expression and prognosis of patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma. Methods: Eg5 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in non‐muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma specimens (grade: G1, 32 cases; G2, 92 cases; and G3, 39 cases. Stage: pTa, 49 cases and pT1, 114 cases). The correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and Eg5 expression was evaluated. The prognostic significance of Eg5 immunoreactivity was analyzed through survival analysis in 163 non‐muscle invasive cases that were treated with transurethral resection and adjuvant intravesical instillations. Results: The expression of Eg5 was significantly associated with tumor grade (P = 0.006), with a trend towards significant association with stage (P = 0.057). The 163 patients with non‐muscle invasive tumors were regularly followed with the mean of 32.52 (from 6 to 72) months. Univariate analysis showed Eg5 overexpression exhibited a significant unfavorable influence on intravesical recurrence (P = 0.012) while having only a marginal correlation with disease progression (P = 0.070). Subsequent Cox hazard multivariate analysis showed that both grade (P = 0.045) and Eg5 expression (P = 0.029) were independent predictors for early intravesical recurrence. Conclusions: Overexpression of Eg5 correlates with poor differentiation of bladder cancer, and it represents an independent prognostic factor in predicting early intravesical recurrence in non‐muscle invasive bladder carcinoma patients.     

Efficacy of compound aluminum sulfate injection as a monotherapeutic regimen in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients: a retrospective single-arm cohort study

BackgroundCompound aluminum sulfate injection (CASI) originated from a Chinese traditional medicine, “Kuzhiye”, and has been used in treating non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Previous studies suggested that CASI was a potential monotherapeutic drug for NMIBC. However, the efficacy and safety of CASI in the treatment of NMIBC, as well as the long-term recurrence after treatment, need to be further evaluated.MethodsA multicenter retrospective single-arm cohort study was conducted. From 2006 to 2009, 101 patients (74 men and 27 women, aged 58.9±11.9 years) with T1 or benign NMIBC were enrolled. Each patient was directly injected with CASI through catheter needle into the root of NMIBC. Vital signs, electrocardiography, blood count, blood biochemistry, and urine analysis were re-examined on day 2 and day 14 after CASI injection, together with a cystoscopic examination 4 weeks after CASI treatment was performed for all patients to assess the clinical activity and safety of CASI. To study long-term efficacy, patients in center 2 were followed up for recurrence with a median follow-up time of 13.8 years.ResultsFor the 101 patients enrolled in this study, demographic characteristics in the 3 centers showed no significant differences. After CASI, 2 patients showed administration site-dependent, but not dose-dependent, increase in their aluminum concentration in 24 hours without obvious abnormality in blood biochemistry. The overall effective rate was 97.03%, including complete tumor necrosis in 94 patients. Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 20 patients (19.80%), including 9 drug-related and 11 cystoscopy-related adverse events (AEs). All AEs were endurable and disappeared within 2 weeks without any treatment. The maximum tolerated single dose of CASI was 21 mL. Among the 43 patients at center 2, 3 patients were excluded because they changed to other treatment regimen. As of April 2022, of the 40 patients enrolled, 22 had no recurrence and 7 relapsed. The follow-up time was 2–16.2 years. The other 11 patients were lost to follow up.ConclusionsCASI may be an effective and safe option for the treatment of NMIBC and is expected to be a potential monotherapy regimen for NMIBC.     

Urinary bladder spindle-cell neoplasm concomitant with urothelial cancer

A postoperative spindle-cell neoplasm of the urinary bladder is an extremely uncommon lesion. The previous literature indicated that the neoplasm is an indolent, benign tumor and rarely exhibits clinically aggressive behavior. We report a 68-year-old male patient who underwent cystolithotomy for a huge urinary bladder stone. Two months later, he complained of progressively difficult micturition. Imaging studies revealed a huge invasive urinary bladder tumor, and a radical cystoprostatectomy with ileal conduit diversion was performed. The pathology report confirmed a spindle-cell tumor concomitant with a high-grade, papillary urothelial carcinoma. The patient recovered uneventfully, and there has been no tumor recurrence during ongoing follow-up (12 months).     

Risk factors for urothelial carcinoma of the prostate in patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy for bladder cancer

OBJECTIVE

To examine the risk factors for urothelial carcinoma (UC) involvement of the prostate in patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy (RCP) for bladder cancer, as such involvement has both prognostic and therapeutic implications.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We examined 308 consecutive men from 1998 to 2005 who had RCP for UC of the bladder, with whole‐mount processing of their prostate. Prostatic involvement was categorized by site of origin (the bladder or the prostatic urethra) and, in the case of prostatic urethral origin, by depth of invasion, i.e. dysplasia/carcinoma in situ (CIS), involving the prostatic urethra, prostatic ductal invasion or prostatic stromal invasion. The impact of pathological characteristics was evaluated.

RESULTS

In all, 121 (39.3%) patients had some form of urothelial involvement of the prostate, of whom 59 (48.8%) had dysplasia/CIS of the prostatic urethra, 20 (16.5%) had ductal involvement and 32 (26.4%) had stromal involvement. Multivariate analysis showed that bladder CIS (odds ratio 2.0, 95% confidence interval, 1.2–3.6, P = 0.012) and trigonal involvement of bladder tumours (2.0, 1.1–3.7, P = 0.028) were independent risk factors for urothelial involvement of the prostate.

CONCLUSION

There was prostatic involvement with UC in nearly 40% of patients undergoing RCP. In this study CIS and trigonal involvement were independent predictors of risk, but were not adequate enough to accurately identify most patients who have UC within their prostate; further prospective studies are needed to more accurately predict risk factors and depth of invasion.     

Quantification of the survival benefit of early versus deferred cystectomy in high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (T1 G3)

Objectives  To review understaging and survival of patients who underwent early versus deferred radical cystectomy (RCX) for high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC; T1 G3). Methods  The results of 1,521 RCXs including 1,420 for bladder cancer were reviewed: (1) A total of 114 patients with high-risk NMIBC underwent a single TUR-BT followed by immediate RCX to estimate the understaging rate. (2) As much as 260 patients with NMIBC had long-term follow-up before RCX to determine the upgrading and upstaging over time. (3) We compared survival in patients with initial T1 G3 bladder cancer (BC) treated with early RCX (n = 175) versus deferred RCX (n = 99) for recurrent T1 G3. Results  (1) Our understaging rate was 20.2%. (2) Allowing NMIBC to upgrade portents a 19% survival disadvantage. (3) The 10 years cancer-specific survival rate was 78.7% in early and 64.5% in deferred RCX. Conclusions  Early, as compared to deferred RCX, has a distinct survival advantage for high-risk NMIBC. Patients should be counselled accordingly.     

Secondary bladder cancer after upper tract urothelial carcinoma in the US population

Study Type – Prognosis (cohort) Level of Evidence 2a What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? It is known that a certain percentage of patients treated for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) will go on to develop a secondary bladder cancer; however, the risk factors for developing a secondary bladder tumour have not been studied in a population‐based setting. Given the large changes in how UTUC has been diagnosed and managed in recent years, this study aimed to evaluate the natural history of UTUC in the US population over a 30‐year period, with a particular emphasis on the development of secondary bladder cancer.

OBJECTIVE

• ? To assess the natural history of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and the development of lower tract secondary cancer.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

• ? Patients diagnosed with UTUC between 1975 and 2005 were identified within nine Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registries.
• ? Baseline characteristics of patients with and without secondary bladder cancer were compared.
• ? A multivariate logistic regression model was fitted to test if the year of diagnosis predicted the likelihood of developing a secondary bladder cancer.

RESULTS

• ? Of the 5212 patients with UTUC, 242 (4.6%) had a secondary bladder cancer (range: 1.7–8.2%).
• ? There was a mean interval of 26.5 (95% CI: 22.2–30.8) months between cancer diagnoses.
• ? Compared with those without secondary tumours, patients with secondary bladder malignancy were more likely to present with larger tumours (4.2 vs 3.1 cm, P < 0.001) and with tumours located in the ureter (P < 0.001).
• ? Year of diagnosis was not a predictor of the likelihood of having a secondary bladder malignancy in a multivariate analysis controlling for demographic and tumour characteristics (odds ratio: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.95–1.03)

CONCLUSIONS

• ? Patients with larger urothelial tumours located in the ureter were those most likely to develop a secondary lower tract tumour.
• ? No longitudinal changes in the rate of secondary bladder cancer were noted among patients with UTUC over the 30‐year study period.

     

经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术加肿瘤基底扩大电灼治疗T_1期膀胱尿路上皮癌的疗效观察

目的:探讨经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术(TURBT)加肿瘤基底部扩大电灼(EC)对减少非肌层浸润性膀胱尿路上皮癌早期复发的意义。方法:临床及病理诊断为非肌层浸润性膀胱尿路上皮癌400例,按收治顺序间隔分为TURBT+EC组和TURBT组各200例,前者在TURBT后加做EC,而后者则行标准TURBT。术后常规膀胱化疗和随访。所有患者均于术后1、3、6、12、18、24个月行膀胱镜检查。通过膀胱镜随访,统计两组2年内首次复发率。用χ2进行两组间率的比较。结果:TURBT+EC组和TURBT组得到随访的分别为191例和193例。TURBT+EC组第1、3、6、12、18、24个月复发率分别为3.7%(7例)、7.9%(15例)、7.9%(15例)、4.7%(9例)、2.1%(4例)、2.1%(4例);TURBT组复发率分别为11.4%(22例)、14.0%(27例)、11.9%(23例)、4.1%(8例)、3.1%(6例)、2.1%(4例)。TURBT+EC组的复发率明显低于TURBT组,两组数据经统计学处理,其中第1个月复发率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);第3个月复发率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);2年总的首次复发率分别为28.3%(54例)和46.6%(90例),差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。并且可以看出,对差异率的贡献主要是术后前3个月。结论:TURBT+EC可减低非肌层浸润性膀胱尿路上皮癌的术后复发率,对减少早期复发尤其有意义。可能得益于EC使基底部肿瘤残留几率的减低。并且几乎不增加手术创伤,技术简便。