CT detection of wrist bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis.

A correlative radiographic and CT study of the wrists of 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was reported. The results showed that sensitivity of CT in detecting wrist erosion is superior to that of conventional radiograph. Accordingly, wrist CT scanning is useful for early diagnosis of RA.

     

Effect of Yangqixue Qufengshi Recipe (养气血祛风湿方) on Rheumatoid Arthritis Model Mice under Different Genetic Backgrounds

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was characterizedby a chronic inflammation of the synovial joints ,thecharacteristic pathological changes of which werecomposed of inflammatory cellular infiltrate,inva-sive pannus ,damage of cartilage and bone erosion .The ulti mate result of the inflammatory process wasjoint deformity and loss of joint function . Becausemany kinds of self-reactive antibodies could be de-tected in the serum of patients , RA was classifiedautoi mmune disease (AID) .However ,the nat…     

Arthroscopic Debridement and Synovium Resection for Inflammatory Hip Arthritis

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of arthroscopic surgery in inflammatory hip arthritis.Methods A retrospective clinical study was conducted inspecting 40 hips in 36 patients of inflammatory arthritis.There were 17 cases of ankylosing spondylitis,11 cases of rheumatoid arthritis,and 8 cases of psoriatic arthritis.The joints were irrigated and the inflamed tissues were debrided with anthroscopy.The patients were followed up with Harris hip score,Oxford hip score,Visual Analog Scale(VAS),and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Statistical analysis was performed using Student t test.Results All of the 36 cases were followed up for 46-103 months,averaging 67.2±8.4 months.Harris and Oxford scores increased from 66.9±12.1 and 69.4±16.4 before operation to 78.4±19.3 and 80.2±18.8 after operation,respectively(P<0.05).VAS score decreased from pre-operative 8.5±2.5 to post-operative 7.2±2.5(P<0.05).All the patients showed improved joint range of motion.MRI revealed alleviation of hip synovitis.The results were classified as excellent in 8 patients,good in 17 patients,fair in 8 patient,and poor in 3 according to Harris hip score.Twenty-seven patients were satisfied with the operative outcomes as they regained normal daily activities.Conclusions Arthroscopy-assisted joint debridement and synovium resection is an effective procedure for hip lesion in inflammatory arthritis.The inflammatory lesion might be thereby controlled and the symptoms be relieved.     

COA theme issue of the Chinese Medical Journal: A call for papers

Background Rheumatoid arthritis （RA） is characterized by inflammation of the synovial membrane, leading to invasion of synovial tissue into the adjacent cartilage matrix with degradation of articular cartilage and bone as a consequence. Dickkopf-1 （DKK-1） and osteoprotegerin （OPG） have been demonstrated to be key molecules involved in bone erosion and bone remodeling. The aim of this study was to explore the potential role of DKK-1 and OPG in different stage of RA. Methods The protein levels of DKK-1 and OPG were detected by ELISA. The serum samples were collected from 300 patients with RA and 60 healthy controls. Of which, 150 RA patients were defined as early RA （disease duration 〈1 year）, and other 150 RA patients were defined as Ionglasting RA （disease duration 〉5 years）. At the time of serum sampling, various clinical and laboratory parameters were assessed. The correlations of DKK-1 or OPG and clinical/laboratory parameters were analyzed. Results The serum level of DKK-1 was elevated in patients with longstanding RA compared with healthy controls, while no significant difference was observed between the two groups in the level of OPG. In contrast, in early RA patients, the circulating OPG was elevated, while there was no significant difference between the two groups in expression of DKK-I. The serum DKK-1 was correlated with Sharp score and DAS28 in longstanding RA patients. In early RA, age was the only parameter that was significantly related to serum OPG. Conclusions There was a cross-talk between DKK-1 and OPG, which involved in bone destruction in RA. In different stage of RA, DKK-1 and OPG may play different roles in the pathogenesis of RA.     

Breast MRI in patients with occult breast carcinoma: evaluation on feasibility and correlation with histopathologic findings

Background As an uncommon presentation, occult primary breast cancer remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in clinical practice. Our study was to retrospectively assess the feasibility of breast MRI in patients with malignant axillary lymphadenopathy and unknown primary malignancy, and correlated with histopathologic charateristics. Methods A total of 35 women with occult breast carcinoma were evaluated with dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI. Whole seriate section was used in all cases. MRI performance was assessed and correlated with histopathologic findings. Results Twenty-one of 35 patients were found to have primary breast carcinoma histologically. 20 of the 21 patients had abnormal MR findings and 1 patient had a normal MRI study. Of the remaining 14 patients, 10 were both negative on MRI and surgery. 4 had suspicious enhancement on MRI and no corresponding tumor was found. Lesions with mass enhancement were found in 55% (11/ 20) and ductual and segmental enhancement in 45%. The average diameter of the primary tumors was 15mm. Invasive ductal carcinomas were found in 81% (17/21). One of 17 invasive ductual carcinomas was too small to be graded. 14 of the remaining 16 were classified as grade II and 2 as grade I. 32 of the 35 patients had received ER、PR and Her 2 examinations and the 12 of 32 were triple-negative breast carcinoma. Conclusions Mass lesions with small size and lesions with ductal or segment enhancement are common MR features in patients with occult breast cancer. The dominant types of primary tumors are invasive ductal carcinoma with moderate histopathological grade. The rate of triple-negative breast carcinoma may be higher in occult breast cancer.     

The Extraarticular Symptoms Influence ACR Response in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Biomedicine: A Single-blind,Randomized,Controlled,Multicenter Trial in 194 patients

Objective: The extraarticular symptoms are important in the pattern differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and the present study is designed in an attempt to find the associations between the extraarticular symptoms and American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Response in 194 cases of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with biomedicine. Methods: The data were obtained from a randomized clinical trial. One hundred ninety-four RA patients were treated with the biomedical therapy (diclofenec, methotrexate and sulfasalazine). ACR20 response in 24 weeks was used for the efficacy evaluation. Eighteen symptoms (including 13 extraarticular symptoms) that TCM practitioners focus on were collected for exploration on the association between the symptoms and the efficacy of the biomedical therapy with association rules method. Results: After 24 weeks, a total of 135 patients receiving biomedicine had achieved an ACR20 response. The association rules analysis on each symptom showed that soreness in the waist was more associated with ACR20 response, but with lower support (selected sample size based, 20.10% and 14.95% respectively); cold intolerance and cold joint were found to be associated with ACR20 response with higher support (48.97% and 53.61% respectively), and the confidences (predicted effective rate) were 73.08% and 71.23% respectively. The associations between combination of symptoms (among them, there was at least one extraarticular symptom) and ACR20 response indicated that cold intolerance or cold joint with higher confidence and support were the most important extraarticular symptoms. Conclusion: The RA patients with "cold intolerance" and "cold joints", which are the extraarticular symptoms that TCM practitioners focus on, may show higher ACR20 response when treated with the biomedical approach.     

Primary Clinical Evaluation of the Joint Replacement for the Treatment of the First Metatarsophalangeal Arthritis

Objective To retrospectively assess the primary clinical results of a cohort of the first metatarsophalangeal joint replacement with double-stemmed hinge silicone implant.Methods A total of 12 patients (15 feet) received the joint replacement with double-stemmed hinge silicone implant.There were 2 males and 10 females with a mean age of 61.4 (range,56-75) years old.Of them,9 cases (11 feet) were hallux valgus with osteoarthritis;1 case (2 feet) was rheumatic arthritis;2 cases (2 feet) were traumatic arthritis.The subjective and objective results were evaluated during follow-up.Results All of the patients were followed up regularly with an average of 24.7 months,ranging from 12 to 38 months.Ten patients were completely satisfied with the operation;1 patient showed partial satisfaction,and 1 patient was not satisfied because of the first matatarsophalangeal joint pain due to severe hyperosteogeny surrounding the cut bone surface 3 years after the operation.Osteolysis around the implant occurred in 2 cases without clinical symptoms,and no special treatment was given.Conclusion The joint replacement is a preferable method in alleviating pain and improving walking function with proper indication.     

Management of intra-articular fracture of the fingers via mini external fixator combined with limited internal fixation

Background Intra-articular fractures of the fingers are common problems to emergency physicians and hand surgeons Inappropriate management of these injuries may result in chronic pain, stiffness, deformity, or post traumatic arthritis. Ideal treatment necessitates the restoration of a stable and congruent joint that will allow early mobilization. The purpose of this study was to investigate the results of intra-articular fracture of the fingers by mini external fixator combined with limited internal fixation. Methods From May 2005 to May 2007, a total of 26 patients with intra-articular fracture of the fingers were treated by mini external fixator combined with limited internal fixation. Of the 26 cases, 11 involved in metacarpophalangeal joint, and 15 interphalangeal joint in proximal interphalangeal. Kirschner wire, mini wire and absorbable suture were used for limited internal fixation. All patients were followed up and patients were accomplished with total active motion （TAM） of fingers. Results All patients were reviewed by an independent observer. The mean follow up was 13 months （range 9 to 24 months）. Subjective, objective and radiographic results were evaluated. X-ray films revealed fracture union and the average radiographic union time was 7 weeks with a range of 5-12 weeks and the phalange shortening or rotation in 2 cases, joint incongruity （less than 1 mm） and joint space narrowing in 3 cases respectively. Phalangeal shortening or rotation was observed in 2 cases and joint incongruity or joint space narrowing was observed in 3 cases. An artificial implant was performed on one case for traumatic arthritis 1.5 years after surgery. Based on TAM the overall good-excellent rate of joint motion function was 80.8%. Conclusion Mini external fixator combined with limited internal fixation is a reliable and effective method for treatment of intra-articular fracture of the fingers.     

Logistic regression analysis of damp-heat and cold-damp impeding syndrome of rheumatoid arthritis: A perspective in Chinese medicine

<正>Objective:To investigate a method for quantitative differential diagnosis of damp-heat and cold-damp impeding syndrome of rheumatoid arthritis(RA)in Chinese medicine(CM).Methods:Laboratory parameters were collected from 306 patients with RA.The clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters were compared between patients with these two syndromes(158 with RA of damp-heat impeding syndrome,and 148 with RA of cold-damp impeding syndrome),and a regression equation was established to facilitate discrimination of the two RA syndromes.Results:There were significant differences in disease activity score in 28 joints[DAS28 (4)],erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),white blood cell count(WBC),C-reactive protein(CRP),platelet count(PLT),albumin(ALB)and globulin(GLB)between the two syndrome of RA(P0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the parameters ESR,WBC,CRP,joint pyrexia,joint cold,thirst,sweating,aversion to wind and cold,and cold extremities were statistically useful to discriminate damp-heat from cold-damp impeding syndrome.The regression equation was as follows:P=1/{1+exp[-(3.0-0.021X_1-0.196X_2-0.163X_3- 1.559X_4+1.504X_5-0.927X_6-1.039X_7+1.070X_8+1.330X_9)]}.The independent variables X_1-X_9 were ESR,WBC, CRP,hot joint,cold joint,thirst,sweating,aversion to wind and cold,and cold limbs.A P value0.5 signified cold-damp impeding syndrome,and a P value0.5 signified damp-heat impeding syndrome.The accuracy was 90.2%.Conclusion:The regression equation may be useful for discriminating damp-heat from cold-damp impeding syndrome of RA.     

超声及MRI对手及腕部类风湿关节炎活动性的评估价值

目的探讨超声及MRI对手及腕部类风湿关节炎(RA)活动性的评估价值。方法病例源于2017年1月-2019年1月我院收治的72例RA患者,均行超声、MRI扫描检查,比较超声、MRI对手腕部关节滑膜炎的检出率、骨侵蚀检出率及关节积液检出率,评估两者对手及腕部RA活动性的评估价值。结果 MRI对手腕部关节滑膜炎的检出率较超声的明显高(63.83%vs48.78%,91.77%vs 82.91%),MRI对手腕关节骨侵蚀检出率明显高于超声(65.89%vs46.52%,90.91%vs81.31%),并且MRI对手腕部关节积液检出率明显高于超声(76.54%vs56.14%,78.81%vs60.26%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 MRI在手及腕部RA活动性评估中,对手腕部关节骨膜炎、关节积液、骨侵蚀的检出率明显高于超声。     

类风湿性关节炎骨侵蚀与其相关因子的临床研究

目的探讨类风湿性关节炎(RA)骨侵蚀征象与抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体(抗CCP抗体)和类风湿因子(IgM-RF)的相关性。方法回顾性分析106例类风湿性关节炎患者资料,分别对其关节骨侵蚀,血清抗CCP抗体及IgM-RF检测结果进行统计、分析。结果106例RA患者的X光片按修正的sharp评分法进行评分分组,有骨侵蚀组60例,其中抗CCP抗体阳性48例,IgM-RF阳性49例;无骨侵蚀组46例,其中抗CCP抗体阳性22例,IgM-RF阳性30例。结论RA骨侵蚀与抗CCP抗体阳性具有相关性(p<0.01),而与IgM-RF阳性无相关性(p>0.05)。     

早期类风湿性关节炎腕关节磁共振的诊断价值

目的:观察早期类风湿性关节炎(RA)手腕关节的滑膜改变、骨质侵蚀及关节腔积液等在MRI上的表现。同时探讨MRI表现与血清学检查指标相关性。方法:将根据临床症状及血清学检查结果确诊为类风湿性关节炎,而其腕关节行X线平片检查未见骨质破坏的28例患者作为研究对象。分析早期RA关节病变MRI影像学表现的特点。对MRI所见滑膜评分与血清学检查结果之间的关系进行相关性分析。结果:MRI发现16例手腕关节有骨质侵蚀或骨髓水肿,其中骨质侵蚀共26处,12例无骨质侵蚀或骨髓水肿。所有病例腕关节均见有不同程度滑膜增厚,增强扫描可见血管翳强化。并发现腕关节滑膜评分分值与临床血清检查结果(RF、IgA、IgG、IgM)相关性有统计学意义(P均<0.05),而与CRP相关性无统计学意义(r=0.26,P>0.05)。此外,MRI还可显示早期RA的骨髓水肿、关节积液等征象。结论:MRI能清楚显示早期RA手腕部小关节病变,且明显优于传统X线平片检查。MRI可以对早期RA的滑膜炎进行半定量化分级评分,为早期RA滑膜炎的诊断及活跃程度的深入研究提供了新方法。     

腕关节磁共振成像在类风湿关节炎早期诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨腕关节磁共振成像（MRI）在类风湿关节炎（RA）早期诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析40例临床确诊为早期RA患者的腕关节X线和MRI影像学表现。结果确诊为早期RA的40例患者中,腕关节X线片显示骨侵蚀8例（20%）,关节积液2例（5%）,未发现滑膜病变、骨髓水肿、腱鞘炎等。MRI表现为滑膜病变（滑膜增生和滑膜炎）20例（50%）,骨髓水肿32例（80%）,骨侵蚀27例（67.5%）,关节积液16例（40%）,腱鞘炎3例（7.5%）。MRI在显示病变关节的滑膜病变、骨髓水肿、骨侵蚀、关节积液等方面与X线比较,其差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 MRI可以很好地显示早期RA滑膜和骨质的病变,在RA早期诊断中有很大的应用价值。     

4种血清标志物在类风湿关节炎的诊断、疾病活动度的判断及骨侵蚀的预测的应用价值

目的 研究葡萄糖6 磷酸异构酶( GPI)、类风湿因子( RF)、抗角蛋白抗体( AKA)、抗环瓜氨酸肽( CCP)抗体4种血清标志物在类风湿关节炎( RA)疾病的诊断、疾病活动度的判断及骨侵蚀的预测方面的应用价值. 方法 选取193例RA患者, 158 例非 RA 患者, 98 例健康体检者. 采用ELISA法定量检测GPI和抗CCP抗体浓度水平,免疫透射比浊法定量检测RF浓度水平,采用间接免疫荧光法定性检测AKA. 结果 血清GPI、RF、抗CCP抗体、AKA阳性率在RA组与非RA组及健康对照组比较差异均有统计学意义( P<0. 05);血清GPI、RF、抗CCP抗体浓度水平在RA组显著高于非RA组及健康对照组,差异有统计学意义( P<0. 05 ).血清GPI、RF浓度水平在RA活动组浓度显著高于非活动组,差异有统计学意义( P<0. 05 );血清抗CCP抗体浓度水平在RA活动组与非活动组比较差异无统计学意义. 血清GPI、RF浓度水平在RA骨侵蚀组与非骨侵蚀组比较差异无统计学意义;血清抗CCP抗体浓度水平在RA骨侵蚀组显著高于非骨侵蚀组,差异有统计学意义( P<0. 05 ). 血清AKA阳性率在RA活动组与非活动组比较,差异无统计学意义;在RA骨侵蚀组与非骨侵蚀组比较,差异有统计学意义( P<0. 05). 结论 血清 GPI、RF、抗 CCP 抗体、AKA 的水平对RA的诊断起到重要作用,血清GPI、RF浓度水平与RA患者疾病活动度有关,血清抗CCP抗体浓度水平可以预测RA患者骨侵蚀,RA患者血清AKA阳性可能与骨侵蚀有关.     

腕关节MR成像及临床诊断指标对于鉴别早期类风湿关节炎的研究

目的 研究MRI表现及临床症状、实验室检查等指标对于鉴别早期类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)及非类风湿关节炎的诊断价值,提高早期类风湿关节炎诊断的准确率.方法 选择临床怀疑早期RA而未确诊的患者103例,男性34例,女性69例,年龄19～78岁.对研究对象进行平片及MRI平扫和增强扫描.分析各种主要MRI征象及临床症状、实验室检查的指标,观察RA与非RA组之间的差异性.结果 依据美国风湿病协会1987年修订的关于RA诊断标准,对103例患者进行随访直至临床明确诊断者97例.符合RA 临床诊断标准者78例,非RA者19例.晨僵、对称性关节肿胀、类风湿因子(rheumatoid factor,RF)阳性、血沉(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)增快、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)值升高诸指标在RA组与非RA组之间具有显著差异性.MRI各主要征象中滑膜增厚、血管翳强化、骨髓水肿、骨侵蚀诸指标RA组与非RA组之间具有显著差异性.结论 以晨僵、对称性关节肿胀、ESR增快、RF阳性、CRP值升高、血管翳强化、滑膜增厚、骨侵蚀、骨髓水肿为指标时对于鉴别早期RA与非RA具有一定诊断价值.     

磁共振成像对类风湿关节炎诊断价值的评估

目的 探讨类风湿关节炎(RA)手关节的磁共振成像(MRI)表现及与临床表现的相关性,从而评价其在RA诊断中的价值.方法 采用对比及相关性分析的方法,分析符合2009年美国风湿病学会/欧洲抗风湿病联盟(ACR/EULAR)诊断标准的25例RA患者双手X线片、MRI及临床特点.结果 25例RA患者在MRI扫描中均显示异常征象,而其中16例患者的X线平片未见异常,18例早期RA患者中有12例未出现X线平片改变.无论患者病程＜1年还是＞1年,MRI骨侵蚀在抗CCP抗体阳性与阴性组之间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),RF-IgG阳性组出现滑膜炎的患者明显多于阴性组(P＜0.05).血清RF-IgA浓度与骨髓水肿呈正相关(r=0.561,P＜0.05).在早期患者中,RF-IgM阳性组出现滑膜炎的患者明显多于阴性组(P＜0.01).VAS评分与骨髓水肿评分呈正相关(r=0.562,P＜0.01).C反应蛋白(CRP)水平与MRI积液关节的数目呈正相关(r=0.457,P＜0.05).结论 MRI对于早期RA的诊断价值要远远大于X线平片.早期RA的MRI改变最常见于腕关节.抗CCP抗体阳性时MRI更易出现骨侵蚀,RF-IgG阳性时MRI更易出现滑膜炎.MRI骨髓水肿评分是VAS评分的重要影响因素.CRP水平可反映有关节腔积液的关节数目.     

早期类风湿性关节炎腕关节MRI表现

目的研究早期类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)在腕关节的主要MRI表现.方法选择经临床确诊早期RA78例,进行腕关节MRI平扫和增强扫描,观察各种异常MRI征象,评价主要MRI征象对于早期RA的诊断价值.结果 78例早期RA的MRI征象:滑膜增厚78例,血管翳强化78例,骨髓水肿65例,骨侵蚀50例,关节积液54例,腱鞘炎3例.结论腕关节MRI可以反映早期RA的病理改变,是诊断早期RA重要的检查方法.     

联合检测抗CCP抗体与RF在类风湿关节炎中的临床意义

目的探讨抗环瓜氨酸肽（CCP）抗体和类风湿因子（RF）联合检测对类风湿性关节炎（RA）的临床意义并了解二者之间的相关性。方法对118例RA患者及96例非RA患者进行抗CCP抗体和RF的测定,用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测血清抗CCP抗体,用速率散射比浊法定量检测RF。结果在RA组检出抗CCP抗体和RF阳性率明显高于非RA组,抗CCP和RF在对RA检测中的特异性和敏感性分别是91.67%、59.32%和70.8%、79.66%,二者联合检测特异度和敏感度是44.07%、94.91%。RA组中RF阴性组抗CCP抗体的阳性比例高于RF阳性组,说明当RF检测阴性时检测抗CCP抗体对RA有很好的预测价值,是早期诊断RA的良好指标。经Spearman相关性分析,抗CCP抗体与RF呈正相关性（P=0.004）。结论抗CCP抗体是类风湿的特异性诊断指标,与RF联合检测有助于提高RA临床诊断。     

抗CCP抗体与AKA、RF联合检测类风湿性关节炎的临床意义

目的探讨抗环瓜氨酸酞（ccp）抗体与AKA、RF对类风湿关节炎（RA）的诊断意义,并了解其与抗角蛋白抗体（AKA）及类风湿因子（RF）之间的相关性。方法采用ELISA法,共检测296例患者的血清抗CCP抗体和AKA、RF抗体,其中RA 137例,非RA 159例。结果抗CCP抗体的阳性率在RA患者中为98.2%,在非RA中为3.9%。并且3种抗体对RF诊断的敏感性和特异性分别为CCP 98.2%、95.4%;AKA 49.1%、94.3%;RF 86%、83%。抗CCP抗体与AKA、RF之间显著相关（P〈0.01）。通过实验进一步证明RA患者中患有严重肿瘤与患有关节侵蚀两种不同病状的患者血清比较,CCP抗体水平差异非常显著（P〈0.01）。结论抗CCP抗体对RA诊断具有很高的临床应用价值;并且抗CCP抗体与AKA、RF的三者联合检测有助于临床诊断和预后的判断。同时此方法操作简便,结果可靠,易于临床应用。