草酸铂联合亚叶酸钙和5-Fu及羟基喜树碱治疗晚期大肠癌临床观察

目的 观察草酸铂(艾恒)联合亚叶酸钙和5-Fu及羟基喜树碱组成的HLFO方案治疗晚期大肠癌的疗效和毒副反应.方法 31例晚期大肠癌患者行HLFO方案化疗,草酸铂(艾恒)150 mg/m2,d1;亚叶酸钙100 mg/m2;5-Fu 500 mg/m2;羟基喜树碱10 mg/m2,连用5 d,21 d为1周期,每个病例至少接受2个周期化疗.结果 31例患者中,CR 2例(6.5%),PR 10例(32.3%),SD 11例(35.5%),PD 8例(25.8%),总有效(CR+PR)12例(38.7%).该方案主要毒性反应为骨髓抑制和神经毒性.白细胞下降发生率为67.7%,其中Ⅲ、Ⅳ度为25.8%;有61.3%的患者出现周围神经病变.结论 该方案具有较好的疗效和耐受性,可提高患者生活质量.     

威克联合艾恒、5-氟脲嘧啶治疗晚期胃癌的临床观察

目的观察威克(VP16)联合艾恒、亚叶酸钙和5氟脲嘧啶组成的ELFO方案治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效和毒性反应,并与LFO方案进行比较。方法采用随机分组的方法将42例晚期胃癌患者分为ELFO组(22例)和LFO组(20例),观察两组临床疗效和患者耐受性。结果ELFO组有效率为59.1%(13/22),LFO组有效率42.0%(8/20),ELFO有效率高于LFO组。ELFO组KPS评分改善率为72.7%,LFO组KPS评分改善率为40%。ELFO组毒副反应的脱发发生率较LFO组高。结论ELFO方案能明显改善晚期胃癌患者的生活质量,消化道反应轻,值得进一步观察。     

威克联合艾恒、5-氟脲嘧啶治疗晚期胃癌的临床观察

目的观察威克(VP-16)联合艾恒、亚叶酸钙和5-氟脲嘧啶组成的ELFO方案治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效和毒性反应，并与LFO方案进行比较。方法采用随机分组的方法将42例晚期胃癌患者分为ELFO组(22例)和LFO组(20例)，观察两组临床疗效和患者耐受性。结果ELFO组有效率为59．1％(13／22)，LFO组有效率42.0％(8／20)，ELFO有效率高于LFO组。ELFO组KPS评分改善率为72．7％，LFO组KPS评分改善率为40％。ELFO组毒副反应的脱发发生率较LFO组高。结论ELFO方案能明显改善晚期胃癌患者的生活质量，消化道反应轻，值得进一步观察。     

HLFO方案治疗晚期食管癌的疗效观察

目的:观察HLFO方案(HCPT+CF+替加氟+L-OHP)治疗晚期食管癌的近期疗效及不良反应.方法:治疗组 36例羟基喜树碱10mg,亚叶酸钙100mg,替加氟700mg,d1-5静滴;艾恒130mg/m2,静滴 ,d1;每3周为1个周期,2-3 个周期评价疗效.对照组24例采用HLFP方案化疗:顺氨氯铂25mg/m2,静滴,d1-3,羟基喜树碱6mg/m2,静滴,d1-5;甲酰四氢叶酸钙100mg,静滴2小时,d1-5;5-氟尿嘧啶400mg/m2静滴,d1-5;每21日为1周期,完成3周期后判定疗效,有效病例4周后确认.结果:治疗组36例患者,总有效率(CR+PR)为58.3%(21/36);对照组的有效率为54.2%(13/ 24),两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).主要不良反应为轻度的血液学毒性、恶心呕吐和外周感觉神经异常.治疗组的周围神经毒性较对照组高 (P<0.05),对照组的恶心呕吐反应较治疗组高(P<0.05),其余不良反应均相似.结论:HLFO方案是治疗晚期食管癌疗效确切且毒性较小的联合化疗方案,值得推广.     

OLF与LF方案治疗晚期大肠癌临床疗效观察

目的:观察比较国产沙利铂/四氢叶酸钙/5-氟脲嘧啶(OLF)和四氢叶酸钙/5-氟脲嘧啶(LF)治疗晚期大肠癌的疗效、毒副反应和中位疾病进展期(TTP).方法:经病理检查证实的54例晚期大肠癌患者,非随机分两组.OLF组给予奥沙利铂(L-OHP)130mg/m2静脉滴注,第1天;四氢叶酸钙(CF)200mg静脉滴注,第1～5天;5-氟脲嘧啶(5-Fu)500mg/m2静脉滴注,第1～5天.LF组除不用L-OHP外,其余给药方法、剂量与OLF组相同.两组均21天为一周期,连续用药3周期后进行评价.结果:OLF组有效率42.3%,LF组有效率18.5%,P＞0.05.毒副反应依次为胃肠道反应,骨髓抑制,粘膜炎和神经毒性.LF组无神经毒性.OLF组TTP为10个月,LF组TTP为6个月.结论:LF方案仍为大肠癌化疗的基础方案;OLF方案治疗大肠癌疗效优于LF方案,但须增加病例数继续观察;主要毒性反应经停药、对症处理后均可恢复正常.     

羟基喜树碱联合化疗方案治疗大肠癌60例临床观察

目的观察羟基喜树碱(HCPT)、氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)、醛氢叶酸(CF)联合治疗晚期大肠癌的临床疗效.方法将60例大肠癌患者随机分成两组,分别采用HCPT 5-Fu CF方案及5-Fu CF方案化疗两个周期以上,评价其疗效及毒性.结果 HCPT 5-Fu CF组有效率50.0%,明显高于5-Fu CF组(23.3%,P<0.05).毒副反应主要为骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应及脱发.结论 HCPT 5-Fu CF方案治疗晚期大肠癌疗效高,毒副反应轻微.     

L-OHP和HCPT分别联合5-Fu/CF治疗晚期大肠癌对照研究

目的对照研究奥沙利铂(L-OHP)和羟基喜树碱(HCPT)分别联合5-Fu/CF治疗晚期大肠癌的临床效果。方法将符合入选条件的79例晚期大肠癌患者,随机分为观察组40例(含L-OHP方案)及对照组39例(含HCPT方案),2组均完成3个疗程化疗,每3周重复。对照观察2组的近期疗效及毒副反应。结果观察组CR 1例,PR 18例,总有效率(CR PR)为47.5%;对照组CR 0例,PR 10例,总有效率(CR PR)为25.6%,P<0.05。观察组神经毒性及腹泻发生率较高(45%及35%),对照组粒细胞减少发生率较高(61.5%),P<0.05,但2组恶心呕吐、脱发等毒性反应无明显差异。结论奥沙利铂联合5-Fu/CF是治疗大肠癌的有效化疗方案,特别适宜晚期大肠癌以及对5-Fu耐药的病例。     

卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期大肠癌的临床观察

目的观察卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂组成的XELOX方案治疗晚期大肠癌的近期疗效与安全性。方法采用XELOX方案治疗晚期大肠癌62例。卡培他滨2000mg/m^2,d1～14,分早晚口服;奥沙利铂130mg/m^2,d1,静点。每21天为1周期,至少2周期。结果近期疗效CR1例,PR26例,SD20例,PD15例,有效率43.5%。初治组有效率55.6%,显著高于复治组的26.9%（P〈0.05）。毒副反应主要为可耐受的骨髓抑制、恶心呕吐、外周神经毒性。结论XELOX方案治疗晚期大肠癌疗效较好,毒副反应轻,是晚期大肠癌,特别是初治者的有效治疗方案。     

LFO方案治疗晚期大肠癌35例的临床观察

2000年1月至2004年1月，我们采用国产奥沙利铂(艾恒)联合5FU／LV(5氟脲嘧啶／甲酰四氢叶酸钙)组成LFO方案治疗晚期大肠癌35例，旨在观察LFO方案对晚期大肠癌的疗效及毒性反应。报告如下。     

西妥昔单抗双周方案联合化疗治疗晚期大肠癌近期疗效分析

目的:观察和分析西妥昔单抗(cetuximab)双周方案联合奥沙利铂(OXA)治疗晚期大肠癌的近期疗效和毒副反应.方法:26例晚期大肠癌惠者接受西妥昔单抗500 mg/m2,d1;奥沙利铂85 mg/m2,d1;2周重复,为1个周期.结果:26例患者平均治疗7.2个周期.CR 0例,PR 8例,SD 9例,PD 9例.总有效率为30.8%,疾病控制率65.4%,中位疾病进展时间(TTP)为6个月,Fisher精确概率法分析PR组较SD组单纯肝转移比例高,SD组肝肺联合转移比例高.痤疮样皮疹和骨髓抑制为主要毒副反应,皮疹达80.7%,白细胞下降达76.9%,其次是胃肠道反应和周围神经毒性.结论:西妥昔单抗双周方案联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期大肠癌,有较好疗效,且方便、安全,毒副反应可耐受.     

全身热疗联合奥沙利铂方案治疗晚期结直肠癌

[目的]评价全身热疗(whole body hyperthermia,WBH)联合奥沙利铂、氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)、醛氢叶酸(CF)治疗晚期结直肠癌的近期疗效和不良反应.[方法]实验组22例既往单纯化疗方案治疗效果不佳的晚期结直肠癌患者采用全身热疗联合奥沙利铂、5-Fu、CF进行治疗1周期后,再采用奥沙利铂联合5-Fu、CF化疗1周期;对照组27例为同时期就诊患者中随机抽取的未经治疗的晚期结直肠癌患者,采用奥沙利铂联合5-Fu和CF化疗2周期.3周为一个周期,完成2周期化疗后4周评价疗效.[结果]实验组有效率为63.6%,对照组有效率为33.3%;常见毒副反应为胃肠道反应、神经毒性及白细胞减少,但均较轻微.[结论]WBH联合奥沙利铂、5-Fu、CF治疗晚期结直肠癌具有显著的治疗效果,并且毒性可耐受.     

Efficacy and safety of an irinotecan plus bolus 5-fluorouracil and L-leucovorin regimen for metastatic colorectal cancer in Japanese patients: experience in a single institution in Japan

BACKGROUND: Short-term infusion of 5-fluorouracil with leucovorin in combination with irinotecan or oxaliplatin has been considered as standard treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. However, until infusion of 5-fluorouracil regimens and oxaliplatin was approved for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer in Japan early in 2005, combination of irinotecan with bolus 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin had been the standard treatment. This retrospective study evaluates the efficacy and safety of a modified irinotecan with bolus 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin regimen in Japanese colorectal cancer patients. METHODS: Forty-six patients untreated with chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer received a modified form of the irinotecan with bolus 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin regimen, consisting of intravenous irinotecan (100 mg/m2) and l-leucovorin (10 mg/m2), and then 5-fluorouracil 500 mg/m2 as an intravenous bolus infusion, weekly for 4 weeks, repeated every 6 weeks until progression or unacceptable toxicity. RESULTS: The overall response rate was 48% (95% confidence interval, 34-62%), and 48% of patients had stable disease. Median progression-free survival was 8.3 months and overall survival was 20.3 months. The incidence of grade 3 or 4 toxicity was as follows: neutropenia, 50%; diarrhea, 4%; fatigue, 13%; nausea, 7%; and vomiting, 7%. Neither treatment-related nor all-cause mortality occurred within 60 days of chemotherapy initiation. Despite the limited availability of oxaliplatin, 29 patients received an oxaliplatin-based regimen after progression. CONCLUSION: A modified irinotecan plus bolus 5-fluorouracil/l-leucovorin regimen was an active and well-tolerated regimen in Japanese patients with advanced colorectal cancer, showing a different toxicity profile from Western patients.     

伊立替康或奥沙利铂联合氟尿嘧啶及亚叶酸钙治疗晚期大肠癌

 目的　观察并比较伊立替康联合5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）及亚叶酸钙（CF）与奥沙利铂（L-OHP）联合5-Fu+CF治疗晚期大肠癌的疗效及患者不良反应。方法　随机将晚期大肠癌患者分为两组：伊立替康联合5-Fu+CF组（A组）24例，L-OHP联合5-Fu+CF（B组）25例。每例患者至少完成2个周期以上的化疗。结果　A组：有效（CR+PR）率33.3 %，中位缓解期5.0个月，中位生存期12.4个月。B组：有效率40.0 %，中位缓解期5.3个月，中位生存期14.4个月。A组的延迟性腹泻的发生率为32.0 %， B组周围神经毒性发生率为64.0 %；其他不良反应为骨髓抑制和恶心、呕吐等，两组发生率相近。 结论　伊立替康联合5-Fu+CF与L-OHP联合5-Fu+CF两方案治疗晚期大肠癌疗效相当，患者不良反应均可耐受。     

Novel chemotherapeutic agents for gastrointestinal cancers.

Although 5-fluorouracil has been the most commonly prescribed chemotherapy agent in the treatment of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies, new agents discussed herein provide options for the treatment of patients with colorectal, gastric, and pancreas cancer. Irinotecan was recently approved for the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer refractory to 5-fluorouracil. It has also been evaluated in chemotherapy-na?ve patients both alone and in combination with 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin or with oxaliplatin. Evaluated primarily in patients with colorectal cancer, oxaliplatin, a novel platinum compound, is an active agent. In combination with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin, oxaliplatin provides a higher response rate than 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin alone. Furthermore, when oxaliplatin was added to the same 5-fluorouracil-based regimen in which patients had disease progression, clinical activity was observed. Other agents discussed herein are raltitrexed and the oral fluorinated pyrimidines, including uracil:tegafur plus leucovorin, capecitabine, eniluracil plus oral 5-fluorouracil, and S-1. Gemcitabine has been demonstrated to be more effective than 5-fluorouracil in the alleviation of disease-specific symptoms in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Gemcitabine also confers a modest survival advantage. Combinations of these novel compounds are evaluated in gastrointestinal malignancies in the advanced disease setting and in adjuvant therapy programs.     

雷替曲塞联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期贲门癌的疗效

目的:观察雷替曲塞联合奥沙利铂与氟尿嘧啶/左亚叶酸钙联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期贲门癌的疗效和毒副反应。方法:将92例研究病例分为试验组与对照组,每组46例,试验组给予雷替曲塞2.5mg/m2,15min内静脉滴注,第1天;联合奥沙利铂130mg/m2,静脉滴注>3小时,第1天。对照组给予奥沙利铂130mg/m2,第1天;左亚叶酸钙200mg/m2,静脉滴注2小时,5-氟尿嘧啶500mg/m2,第1~5天静脉滴注,每3周为1个周期,每2个周期后评价疗效及毒副反应,最多化疗6个周期。结果:全组92例均可评价疗效及不良反应,其中试验组有效率56.5%,临床获益率78.3%,中位生存期10.9个月;对照组有效率60.9%,临床获益率82.6%,中位生存期11.5个月。两组有效率、临床获益率和中位生存期均无统计学差异。在不良反应方面,两组均有不同程度的骨髓抑制反应,其中Ⅰ-Ⅳ级发生率相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0．05),Ⅲ-Ⅳ级发生率相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0．05);实验组较对照组在胃肠道反应及静脉炎等不良反应方面的发生率均低,有显著性差异(P＜0．05);两组在神经毒性、转氨酶异常及其他化疗反应的发生率上无显著性差异(P＞0．05);所有病例均无化疗相关性死亡。结论:雷替曲塞联合奥沙利铂方案治疗晚期贲门癌的有效率和中位生存时间与氟尿嘧啶/亚叶酸钙联合奥沙利铂方案相当,部分毒副反应轻,发生率低且可耐受,不用亚叶酸钙增效,值得在临床上推广应用。     

草酸铂联合氟尿嘧啶和亚叶酸钙治疗晚期大肠癌的疗效观察

目的:观察草酸铂(LOHP)联合氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)和亚叶酸钙(CF)治疗晚期大肠癌的疗效及不良反应。方法:59例晚期大肠癌患者,随机分为两组,分别采用LOHP CF 5-Fu方案及CF 5-Fu方案,化疗两个周期以上,评价其疗效及毒性。结果:LOHP CF 5-Fu组总有效率为43.3%,明显高于CF 5-Fu组(17.2%,P<0.05)。主要副反应为骨髓抑制,恶心、呕吐和外周神经感觉异常。结论:草酸铂联合氟尿嘧啶和亚叶酸钙是治疗晚期大肠癌有效且毒性较小的化疗方案。     

Triplet Chemotherapy in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Toward the Best Way to Safely Administer a Highly Active Regimen in Clinical Practice

A major problem concerning the addition of more drugs in a chemotherapy combination is designing a proper schedule assuring the balance between dose intensity of each drug, efficacy of the combination, and tolerability lessening the burden of drug toxicity. We evaluated triplet chemotherapy-based intensive regimens proposed as first-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Using a FOLFOXIRI (5-fluorouracil [5-FU], irinotecan, and oxaliplatin) combination regimen, patients with metastatic colorectal cancer now have the possibility of longer survival, but disappointingly, with increased toxicities. Triplet chemotherapy regimen according to 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan /5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, characterized by timed flat-infusion 5-FU administration, without leucovorin, obtained efficacy equivalent to other reported similar combination regimens (5-FU, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin), with increased received 5-FU dose intensity and lower grade 3 to 4 neutropenia. To guarantee the proper balance between dose intensities, efficacy, and toxicity, triplet chemotherapy schedules could be further improved by abrogation of folinic acid and bolus 5-FU, a new and easy modality of 5-FU administration, such as timed flat-infusion 5-FU, associated with alternating irinotecan and oxaliplatin; this could favor diffusion of this intensive treatment in clinical practice.     

氟尿嘧啶/亚叶酸联合奥沙利铂或紫杉醇治疗晚期胃癌--临床随机对比研究

目的：比较氟尿嘧啶／亚叶酸(5-FU／FA)联合奥沙利铂与5-FU／FA联合紫杉醇治疗晚期胃癌的近期疗效和毒副反应。方法：40例进展期胃癌患者随机分成两组，5-FU／FA联合奥沙利铂组(A组)20例，70．0％为复治患者，5-FU／FA联合紫杉醇组(B组)20例，55．0％为复治患者，转移部位包括肝、淋巴结、腹腔、腹壁等。结果：两组患者各有20例可评价疗效，A组CR2例，PR7例，有效率(CR PR)45．0％，B组PR9例，有效率45．0％。A组有20例评价毒性反应，主要为骨髓抑制、外周神经毒性、消化道反应、肝功能损害；B组有20例可评价毒性反应，主要为骨髓抑制、肝功能损害。结论：5-FU／FA联合奥沙利铂与联合紫杉醇治疗晚期胃癌疗效相当．毒性反应可耐受。两者相比，联合奥沙利铂具有用药方便，严重的毒副反应少等优点。     

奥沙利铂联合羟基喜树碱、亚叶酸钙/5-氟尿嘧啶治疗晚期胃癌

目的 :观察奥沙利铂 (L OHP)联合羟基喜树碱 (HCPT)、亚叶酸钙 (CF)和 5 氟尿嘧啶 (5 FU)组成的HLFO方案治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效和毒副反应 ,并与后三种药物与顺铂 (PDD)组成的HLFP方案进行比较。方法 :采用随机分组的方法将 4 2例晚期胃癌患者分为L OHP +HCPT +CF +5 FU方案组 (治疗组 ) 2 2例与HCPT +CF +5 FU +DDP方案组 (对照组 ) 2 0例 ,观察两组的临床疗效和患者的耐受性。结果 :治疗组 2 2例有效率 5 9 1% (13 2 2 ) ,对照组 2 0例有效率 4 5 % (9 2 0 ) ,治疗组有效率高于对照组 ,但两组差异无统计学意义 (P >0 0 5 )。治疗组KPS评分的改善率为 72 7% ,对照组KPS评分的改善率为 4 0 % ,两组差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 )。治疗组的中位生存期及 1年生存率均优于对照组 ,但生存期比较差异无统计学意义 (P >0 0 5 )。治疗组的周围神经毒性较对照组高 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ;对照组的恶心呕吐反应较治疗组高 ,差异有统计学意义 ;其余不良反应均相似。结论 :与HLFP方案相比 ,HLFO方案能明显改善晚期胃癌患者的生活质量 ,消化道毒副反应较轻 ,值得进一步扩大样本量进行临床随机对照研究     

Phase II trial alternating FOLFOX-6 and FOLFIRI regimens in second-line therapy of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (FIREFOX study)

We assessed a schedule alternating 4 FOLFOX and 4 FOLFIRI cycles in 39 patients with 5-FU resistant metastatic colorectal cancer. Patients alternatively received 4 FOLFOX-6 cycles (oxaliplatin 100 mg/m(2), leucovorin 200 mg/m(2) d1 followed by bolus 400 mg/m(2) 5-FU and by a 46-hour 2,400 mg/m(2) 5-FU infusion, every 2 weeks), and 4 FOLFIRI cycles (oxaliplatin replaced by irinotecan 180 mg/m(2) d1) until progression or limiting toxicity. Eigteen patients achieved an objective response (46.1 percent). Median progression-free and overall survivals were 8.8 and 18.7 months, respectively. Only 2 patients (5.1 percent) had Grade 3 oxaliplatin-related sensory-neuropathy. This schedule had so promising efficacy and safety.