首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
目的:探讨甲状腺肿瘤的治疗效果。方法:回顾性分析1995年2004年十年间1862例甲状腺肿瘤(1524例甲状腺良性肿瘤,338例的甲状腺癌)的临床资料及随访结果。结果:外科手术操作技术一律采用包膜解剖技术(除峡部外),即常规显露喉返神经及逐一结扎进人甲状腺的三级血管分支,既避免损伤喉返神经,又保留了甲状旁腺血供。局限于一侧的良性肿瘤以甲状腺腺叶切除,双侧甲状腺良性肿瘤,以较大一侧的甲状腺腺叶切除加对侧肿块切除术;T1-T3期分化性甲状腺癌,行一侧的甲状腺腺叶+峡部切除,对T4期分化性甲状腺癌,则进行全甲状腺切除或近全甲状腺切除术;对甲状腺髓样癌行全甲切除+功能性颈清术;临床NO分化型甲状腺癌行甲状腺腺叶+峡部切除+中央区淋巴结清扫术。手术并发症包括术后出血2例(0.1%),乳糜漏1例(0.05%)2例暂时性甲状旁腺功能低下,无喉返神经损伤及永久性甲状腺功能低下。结论:严格掌握甲状腺肿瘤外科的治疗原则及熟悉包膜解剖技术是甲状腺外科手术的关键。  相似文献   

2.
晚期甲状腺癌的手术治疗   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:探讨晚期甲状腺癌的手术治疗效果。方法:11例晚期甲状腺癌患者均行患侧根治性颈淋巴结清扫术,对侧功能性颈淋巴结清扫术;其中3例行患侧甲状腺加峡部切除,6例行患侧甲状腺加峡部加对侧甲状腺近全切除,2例行双侧甲状腺全切除加甲状旁腺埋植术。结果:随访9例,其中死亡1例,为甲状腺乳头状腺癌并甲状腺转移性腺癌患者;8例健在,生存6年、5年各1例,3年2例,2年3例,1年1例,检查未见复发或病灶扩大。结论:对晚期甲状腺癌应尽量争取手术治疗,术后服用甲状腺索能抑制原发灶和转移灶的发展,尽量保存甲状旁腺以提高患者的生活质量。  相似文献   

3.
甲状腺癌局部切除术后再手术268例临床经验总结   总被引:17,自引:3,他引:17  
目的分析甲状腺癌再手术临床资料,探讨其更合理术式。方法总结1984—2000年间高分化型甲状腺癌局部切除术后,进行再次手术治疗268例患者临床资料,其中男59例,女209例;首次在其他医院行甲状腺肿块切除术或甲状腺癌患侧腺叶部分切除术256例患者,在辽宁省肿瘤医院甲状腺癌患侧腺叶次全切除12例患者。第二次手术甲状腺全切除6例,均为双侧癌;峡部扩大切除1例,为峡部癌;一侧残叶及峡部切除261例。同期行颈清扫术196例,其中颈经典性清扫术94例,改良性颈清扫术102例。结果病理结果证实残叶有癌残留78例,无癌残留190例,癌残留率29.1%(78/268)。术后病理淋巴结转移癌95例,淋巴转移率48.5%(95/196)。喉返神经损伤发生率1.1%(3/268)。应用直接法计算生存率,甲状腺癌再手术5年生存率94.0%(251/267),10年生存率85.2%(127/149)。结论甲状腺癌局切术后癌残留率较高,有选择的手术治疗是必要的。正确选择适应证和术式,可以减少癌残留复发。  相似文献   

4.
目的:探讨甲状腺全切及近全切木中甲状旁腺及其功能的保护。方法:对131例行甲状腺全切、近全切木及甲状腺腺叶及峡部切除术患者在术中显露甲状旁腺。必要时在显微镜下识别、结扎甲状腺下动脉第3级血管,原位保护甲状旁腺。观察术后甲状旁腺功能情况。结果:4例(3%)木后出现暂时性甲状旁腺功能低下;26例(20%)血钙明显降低无症状;73例(56%)术后3d内血钙水平较术前一过性降低;28例(21%)甲状腺腺叶加峡部切除或甲状腺腺叶加对侧部分切除患者,术后血钙均在正常范围。所有患者均未发生永久性甲状旁腺功能低下,无死亡患者。结论:甲状腺全切及近全切术中辨认和保护甲状旁腺及其血液供应,术后对血钙明显降低者适量应用扩血管药物及补充钙剂,可有效防止术后永久性甲状旁腺功能低下的发生。  相似文献   

5.
分化型甲状腺微小癌45例报告   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
目的 :通过对一组分化型甲状腺微小癌的回顾性分析 ,为其临床诊断和治疗提供客观依据。方法 :对 45例甲状腺微小癌患者行同侧甲状腺全切除术加对侧甲状腺大部切除术加同侧功能性颈淋巴结清扫术。结果 :经病理证实的淋巴结转移有 11例 ,占 2 4.4%。无一例出现手术并发症 ,45例均治愈。全部病例均随访至今 ,无一例死亡或复发。结论 :甲状腺微小癌的淋巴结转移率较高 ,采取同侧甲状腺全切除术加对侧甲状腺大部切除术加同侧功能性颈淋巴结清扫术 ,是有效和必要的治疗方法。  相似文献   

6.
甲状腺癌再次手术62例临床分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
王虎  于淑珍等 《耳鼻咽喉》2001,8(5):283-285
目的:总结甲状腺癌再手术的原因及探讨甲状腺癌再手术方式。方法:临床资料回顾性分析,结合文献进行讨论。结果:同期手术治疗甲状腺癌患者共133例,其中62例属再次手术治疗(占46.6%),男性15例,女性47例。再手术原因包括:(1)原发癌灶残留;(2)甲状腺癌联合根治术后复发或淋巴结转移;(3)对侧甲状腺及侧颈淋巴结出现病灶;(4)甲状腺隐性癌并颈淋巴结转移。再手术方式包括:(1)对原发灶行单纯肿瘤切除或腺叶次全切除者,切除残叶及峡部。或加对侧叶次全切;(2)对颈部淋巴结转移者,行颈淋巴结清扫术;(3)对隐性癌并颈淋巴结转移者,行甲状腺癌联合根治术;(4)对侧甲状腺及对侧颈淋巴结转移者,作对侧甲状腺癌根河术。再手术组5年生存率84.8%,8年生存率80%,结论:对局限于一侧甲状腺叶的甲状腺癌,再次手术至少行患侧甲状腺叶及峡部切除,避免单纯肿瘤摘除术;联合根治术后复发或颈淋巴结转移患者,手术仍为主要治疗手段;应重视甲状腺隐性癌的诊断及处理。  相似文献   

7.
目的探讨分化型甲状腺癌手术中暴露并保护甲状旁腺的必要性。方法对首次收治的两组分化型甲状腺癌患者进行手术,第1组243例患者保留甲状腺后被膜,未寻找甲状旁腺;第2组260例患者暴露并保护甲状旁腺,保留甲状旁腺的血供,两组患者再依据病灶情况采用3种术式,分别为术式1、2、3组,观察术后甲状旁腺的功能情况。结果在术中暴露并保护甲状旁腺组中,采用术式2和术式3的患者,术后甲状旁腺功能低下的发生率较未寻找甲状旁腺组患者明显降低,两组比较有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论在分化型甲状腺癌手术中,尤其是甲状腺叶全部切除和单侧甲状腺叶切除加对侧甲状腺叶大部分或次全切除术中,暴露并保护甲状旁腺,可有效降低术后甲状旁腺功能低下的发生率。  相似文献   

8.
目的:回顾分析甲状腺乳头状癌治疗效果,探讨外科治疗最佳方案。方法:对我院1984-1996年收治的228例甲状腺乳头状癌患者手术治疗结果进行分析。228例患者中肿瘤位于单侧叶者162例,狭部18例,双叶34例,侵犯甲状软骨及气管14例。颈淋巴cN0148例,cN^ 80例,术后均随访5年以上。结果:cN^ 者行功能性(41例)和根治性颈清扫(39例)的5年生存率分别为87.8%(36/41)和87.2%(34/39)。。腺内型cN0伴被膜侵犯者行选择性颈清扫21例,随诊观察20例,其5年生存率分别为90.5%(19/21)和90.0%(18/20),腺内型cN0不伴被膜侵犯者均未行颈清扫,其5年生存率为99.0%(99/100),5年内发生颈淋巴结转移率为1.0%(1/100);腺外型cN0行颈清扫4例,5年内发生对侧转移为1/4,3例未行颈清扫者5年内发生颈淋巴转移为2/3。腺叶切除术后对侧复发率为2.47%(4/162)。行全甲状腺切除的5年生存率为85.7%(12/14),被膜内全甲状腺切除的5年生存率为85.0%(17/20)。侵犯甲状软骨板及气管者,行喉全切除,其5年生存率为3/5,保留喉功能的5年生存为6/9。结论:对甲状腺乳头状癌提倡功能性颈清扫;腺内型cN0者主张随访观察,发现淋巴转移再生颈清扫;腺外型cN0病人主张同期颈清扫。原发灶位于单侧行腺叶及峡部切除,位于峡部及左,右叶各1/3切除,位于双侧行被膜内全甲状腺切除,侵犯甲状软骨板及气管者尽可能保留喉功能。  相似文献   

9.
甲状腺癌再次手术62例临床分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的:总结甲状腺癌再手术的原因及探讨甲状腺癌再手术方式。方法:临床资料回顾性分析,结合文献进行讨论。结果:同期手术治疗甲状腺癌患者共133例,其中62例属再次手术治疗(占46.6%),男性15例,女性47例。再手术原因包括:①原发癌灶残留;②甲状腺癌联合根治术后复发或淋巴结转移;③对侧甲状腺及对侧颈淋巴结出现病灶;④甲状腺隐性癌并颈淋巴结转移。再手术方式包括:①对原发灶行单纯肿瘤切除或腺叶次全切除者,切除残叶及峡部,或加对侧叶次全切;②对颈部淋巴结转移者,行颈淋巴结清扫术;③对隐性癌并颈淋巴结转移者,行甲状腺癌联合根治术;④对侧甲状腺及对侧颈淋巴结转移者,作对侧甲状腺癌根治术。再手术组5年生存率84.8%,8年生存率80%。结论:对局限于一侧甲状腺叶的甲状腺癌,首次手术至少行患侧甲状腺叶及峡部切除,避免单纯肿瘤摘除术;联合根治术后复发或颈淋巴结转移患者,手术仍为主要治疗手段;应重视甲状腺隐性癌的诊断及处理。  相似文献   

10.
目的 探讨甲状腺癌的外科治疗相关问题。方法 对28例经手术治疗的甲状腺癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 术中常规快速冰冻切片病理诊断,术后常规病理切片确诊,术中、术后病理不符2例;乳头状癌22例,滤泡状癌2例,淋巴瘤1例,乳头状癌合并低分化癌1例,髓样癌1例,小细胞癌1例;扩大甲状腺全切2例,甲状腺全切8例,腺叶加峡部切除10例,一侧腺叶、峡部加对侧腺叶大部切除术7例,肿物局部切除1例;双侧颈清术5例,单侧颈清术6例。本组无手术死亡,术后新发现声嘶1例,出现抽搐2例。甲状腺全切者常规甲状腺素替代治疗。结论 术中冰冻切片病理检查有助于甲状腺癌的诊断和术式选择;病理类型、癌肿侵犯范围是决定手术范围的重要因素。  相似文献   

11.
分化型甲状腺癌Ⅵ区与Ⅱ-Ⅴ区淋巴转移的关系及预后   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的探讨分化型甲状腺癌Ⅵ区与颈侧区(Ⅱ-Ⅴ)区颈淋巴转移的特点,为临床选择正确术式提供依据。方法回顾性分析1984年3月至2000年12月,99例甲状腺癌患者在辽宁省肿瘤医院头颈外科进行初次手术,同期行颈清扫术,进行病理检查,术后随访,并对结果进行统计分析。结果99例分化型甲状腺癌中,乳头状甲状腺癌61例(双侧乳头状甲状腺癌1例),乳头滤泡混合型13例,滤泡状甲状腺癌25例。根据2002年UICCTNM分期:Ⅰ期60例,Ⅱ期1例,Ⅲ期5例,Ⅳ期33例。一侧腺叶及峡部切除80例,一侧腺叶及对侧大部或次全切除15例,全甲状腺切除术4例。全部患者同期颈清扫术104侧(双颈清扫5例),其中经典性清扫66例(68侧),改良性清扫33例(36侧)。术后病理检查淋巴结阳性83例(86侧),其中3例双侧淋巴结阳性,颈淋巴转移率为83.8%(83/99)。VI区阳性率37.5%(39/104),颈侧区(Ⅱ-Ⅴ区)阳性率76.9%(80/104),VI区和颈侧区淋巴结阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(配对X^2检验,X^2=33.01,P〈0.01)。统计分析表明颈侧区淋巴转移和Ⅵ区淋巴转移无相关性(独立X。检验,X^2=2.08,Pearson列联系数C=0.14,P〉0.05)。10年、15年生存率分别为88.3%和84.5%。结论分化型甲状腺癌Ⅵ区与颈侧区(Ⅱ-Ⅴ区)淋巴转移率不同。不能仅从Ⅵ区转移判断颈侧区是否有转移。发生Ⅵ区淋巴转移的患者不比颈侧区(Ⅱ-Ⅴ区)淋巴转移的预后差,经过正确的外科治疗,预后较好。  相似文献   

12.
目的探讨早期分化型甲状腺癌的手术方式及行中央区颈廓清术的必要性。方法回顾性分析诊治的46例早期分化型甲状腺癌患者,根据肿瘤在甲状腺中所处的位置及病理类型确定手术方式,其中行甲状腺侧叶次全切除术2例,腺叶切除术6例,腺叶+峡部全切除术8例,甲状腺次全切除术28例,甲状腺全切除术2例;同期行VI区颈廓清术44例,并采用统计学方法分析患者性别、年龄、体重指数、肿瘤分期与颈部淋巴结转移之间的规律。结果 46例患者术后随访3~5年,均未发现复发及淋巴结转移。性别、体重与颈部淋巴结转移无关(P均>0.05),年龄、肿瘤分期、肿瘤病理类型分别与颈部VI区淋巴结转移相关(χ2=10.125,P<0.05;χ2=6.597,P<0.05;χ2=13.455,P<0.01)。结论早期分化型甲状腺癌的淋巴结转移与患者年龄、肿瘤分期及其病理类型相关,根据肿瘤的大小、在甲状腺中的位置及病理类型明确手术方式。  相似文献   

13.
目的 探讨甲状腺癌颈淋巴清扫术后产生乳糜漏的原因及处理策略。 方法 回顾性分析647例甲状腺乳头状癌患者行颈淋巴清扫术后的临床资料。对11例术后发生乳糜漏的患者给予静脉营养、低脂饮食、局部加压及负压引流等措施。 结果 该组患者乳糜漏出现在手术后的第0.5~3.0天,其发生率为1.7%,患者乳糜漏的峰值引流量为 120~1100 mL/d。该组患者接受淋巴结清扫区域:单侧叶+峡部切除449 例,接受全甲状腺切除152例,单侧叶+峡部切除+对侧次全切除46例;单纯中央区淋巴结清扫总共 395 例,发生乳糜漏5例,发生率为1.26%(5/395)。侧颈+中央区淋巴清扫共83例,发生乳糜漏4例,发生率为4.8%(4/83),内镜辅助上纵隔清扫总共6例,发生乳糜漏2例,发生率为33.3%(2/6)。乳糜漏左侧与右侧之比为7∶4;其中3例患者为复发再清扫(rRLN)。每日引流量<20 mL/d时拔管,乳糜漏闭合时间为6~23 d,中位时间11 d。所有患者未行二次手术处理。 结论 甲状腺癌行淋巴结清扫手术时应仔细规范操作以预防乳糜漏的发生,及时采取调整饮食、负压引流等综合措施多可治愈,保守治疗无效时行手术治疗。  相似文献   

14.
甲状腺外科无喉返神经损伤的可能性   总被引:8,自引:3,他引:5  
目的探讨甲状腺外科手术喉返神经(recurrenlaryngealnerve,RLN)零损伤的可能性。方法回顾性分析我科2001年3月~2005年3月659例甲状腺疾病的手术方式、术后RLN损伤、甲状旁腺功能低下、术后出血和术后复发等并发症的发生。术中常规解剖RLN,保护并勿过度解剖甲状旁腺及其供应的血管。结果甲状腺一侧腺叶加对侧腺叶部分切除376例、甲状腺一侧腺叶加峡部切除87例、甲状腺双侧腺叶次全切除76例、甲状腺全切除73例、颈部低位领式切口入路切除胸骨后结节性甲状腺肿47例。术后无一例发生RLN损伤。术后暂时性低钙血症发生率为1.67%(11/659)。无永久性低钙血症。术后出血需再手术止血和术后伤口血肿的发生率分别为0.60%(4/659)和0.45%(3/659)。甲状腺功能低下和术后复发的发生率分别为0.45%(3/659)和0.15%(1/659),无切口感染。结论甲状腺外科手术中熟悉RLN的解剖知识,常规紧贴甲状腺被膜外分离并全程解剖RLN及其分支可避免RLN的损伤。  相似文献   

15.
目的 探讨甲状腺癌再手术的必要性和方式.方法 总结1991年1月~2006年1月检查甲状腺癌局部切除术后再次手术治疗的126例患者临床资料.第1次对原发灶只进行单纯肿瘤切除或腺叶部分切除者,再手术时切除残叶及峡部,或加对侧叶部分或近全切除;颈淋巴结转移者,行经典性或改良性颈清扫术.结果 术后病理检查残叶有癌残留52例,无癌残留74例,癌残留率41.3%,术后病理检查证实淋巴结转移癌67例,颈淋巴结转移率72.8%.喉返神经损伤发生率3.2%.5年、10年累积生存率分别为93.2%、82.4%.结论 由于误诊等原因致甲状腺癌术后残留率高,积极合理的再手术是必要的.  相似文献   

16.
目的:探讨甲状腺乳头状癌颈部淋巴结转移规律及其相关影响因素,为甲状腺乳头状癌颈部淋巴结清扫术提供一定的临床依据。方法:回顾性分析314例甲状腺乳头状癌患者的临床资料。314例患者中,行甲状腺腺叶峡部切除、中央区淋巴结清扫术79例,甲状腺全切、中央区淋巴结清扫术173例,甲状腺全切、中央区淋巴结清扫术、侧颈部改良根治性颈部淋巴结清扫术62例。手术中清扫出淋巴结1~55个,其中阳性淋巴结0~14个。结果:314例患者中经病理证实共有168例(53.50%)患者有淋巴结转移,其中中央区淋巴结转移159例(50.64%),中央区+侧颈转移淋巴结55例(17.52%),单纯侧颈淋巴结转移9例(2.87%)。患者年龄、肿瘤直径、甲状腺被膜受侵犯、临床分期是甲状腺乳头状癌颈部淋巴结转移的影响因素(P〈0.05)。结论:甲状腺乳头状癌患者最常发生中央区淋巴结转移,应常规进行中央区淋巴结清扫术。  相似文献   

17.
Arguments for routine total thyroidectomy or routine, less-than-total resection have been espoused for treatment of well-differentiated intrathyroidal carcinoma. Numerous reports in the literature support either approach. No prospective randomized studies have been performed, partly because of the indolent nature of the disease. Many reports are also complicated by the failure of the authors to divide patients into high-risk and low-risk groups and to categorize and evaluate fully the histologic types of the resected tumors.Good evidence exists to show that in the majority of cases of intrathyroidal, well-differentiated lesions, bilateral subtotal resection yields results that compare favorably with total thyroidectomy. Logically, at least, a total thyroidectomy would seem to be preferable because subtotal resection can be imprecise. Therefore, subtotal thyroidectomy can be recommended over total thyroidectomy, if only on the basis of comparison of complications. The type and rate of complications vary among surgeons. Each thyroid surgeon, therefore, must establish an individual complication rate. Total thyroidectomy in inexperienced hands is not recommended.We recommend, therefore, that total thyroidectomy be used selectively by surgeons who have the skill and experience necessary to make the decision intraoperatively. If, for example, during resection of the lobe that contains the primary tumor, the laryngeal nerves and parathyroid glands can be clearly identified and if there is minimal bleeding and trauma, the surgeon may proceed to side two to perform a total thyroidectomy. If the lesion is large, however, with distortion of anatomy, dissection may be difficult even for an experienced surgeon. Intracapsular parathyroids or undiscovered parathyroids on the side of initial resection should prompt the surgeon to perform a subtotal resection on side two. Under these circumstances, the surgeon should not feel that a total thyroidectomy justifies the increased risk. A unilateral resection, such as lobectomy plus isthmusectomy, can be performed with satisfactory long-term results in low-risk patients—that is, in those with small (less than 1.5 cm) unilateral intrathyroidal exposure and in those with no evidence of metastatic disease. Alternately, the AGES criteria of Hay et al29 can be used to identify patients in low-or high-risk groups.If the decision to perform a bilateral resection is based on the previous criteria, we recommend that a total thyroidectomy be performed by an experienced surgeon only. During surgery, if there is any suggestion that the laryngeal nerves or parathyroid glands would be at increased risk if a total resection were performed, it may be necessary to revert to a subtotal procedure. This situation, and others like it, requires a level of judicious intraoperative surgical decision-making that comes only with experience.  相似文献   

18.
Surgery for the treatment of hyperthyroidism is rapid and permanent, highly safe, and highly successful and has an important and complementary role with medical therapy and 131I. In Grave's disease cases total thyroidectomy, performed only if parathyroid glands are preserved, prevents recurrent hyperthyroidism. Bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy or total lobectomy with contralateral subtotal lobectomy are done if at least one parathyroid cannot be preserved on each side. In terms of recurrent laryngeal nerve preservation, all three operations are equally safe if the nerve is positively identified and traced throughout its course.  相似文献   

19.
Arguments for routine total thyroidectomy or routine, less than total resection have been espoused for treatment of well-differentiated intrathyroidal carcinoma. Numerous reports in the literature support either approach. No prospective randomized studies have been performed, partly because of the indolent nature of the disease. Many reports are also complicated by the failure of the authors to divide patients into high-risk and low-risk groups and to categorize and evaluate fully the histologic types of the resected tumors. Good evidence exists to show that in the majority of cases of intrathyroidal, well-differentiated lesions, bilateral subtotal resection yields results that compare favorably with total thyroidectomy. Logically, at least, a total thyroidectomy would seem to be preferable, because subtotal resection can be imprecise. Therefore, subtotal thyroidectomy can be recommended over total thyroidectomy, if only on the basis of comparison of complications. The type and rate of complications vary among surgeons. Each thyroid surgeon, therefore, must establish an individual complication rate. Total thyroidectomy in inexperienced hands is not recommended. We recommend, therefore, that total thyroidectomy be used selectively by surgeons who have the skill and experience necessary to make the decision intraoperatively. If, for example, during resection of the lobe that contains the primary tumor, the laryngeal nerves and parathyroid glands can be clearly identified and if there is minimal bleeding and trauma, the surgeon may proceed to side two to perform a total thyroidectomy. If the lesion is large, however, with distortion of anatomy, dissection may be difficult even for an experienced surgeon. Intracapsular parathyroids or undiscovered parathyroids on the side of initial resection should prompt the surgeon to perform a subtotal resection on side two. Under these circumstances, the surgeon should not feel that a total thyroidectomy justifies the increased risk. A unilateral resection, such as lobectomy plus isthmusectomy, can be performed with satisfactory long-term results in low-risk patients, that is, in those with small (less than 1.5 cm) unilateral intrathyroidal exposure and in those with no evidence of metastatic disease. Alternately, the AGES criteria of Hay et al can be used to identify patients in low- or high-risk groups. If the decision to perform a bilateral resection is based on the previous criteria, we recommend that a total thyroidectomy be performed only by an experienced surgeon. During surgery, if there is any suggestion that the laryngeal nerves or parathyroid glands would be at increased risk if a total resection were performed, it may be necessary to revert to a subtotal procedure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号