阿尔茨海默病与血管性痴呆患者同型半胱氨酸及胆碱酯酶浓度变化的临床研究

目的探讨阿尔茨海默病（AD）与血管性痴呆（VD）患者血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）及胆碱酯酶（CHE）水平变化的临床意义。方法分别检测62例AD患者、49例VD患者与50例正常老年人（空腹）血清中Hcy及CHE水平。结果AD组Hcy水平为（1833±4．85）#mol／L,VD组为（27．52±8．78）#mol／L,正常对照组为（13．47±2．96）μmol／L,AD组、VD组的Hcy水平与正常对照组的比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,VD组与AD组的比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。AD组CHE水平为（3056±1022）U／L,VD组为（7564±1889）U／L,正常对照组为（7758±2071）U／L,AD组与正常对照组的比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,AD组与VD组的比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,VD组与正常对照组的比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论AD与VD患者血清Hcy水平升高与其发病有关,可能是痴呆的危险因素之一;AD患者CHE水平较正常老年人低,可作为AD的一种辅助诊断指标。     

血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与老年血管性痴呆关系研究

目的研究老年血管性痴呆患者血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平变化与老年血管性痴呆的关系。方法检测280例老年血管性痴呆患者和280例健康同龄老年人血浆Hcy的含量,比较两组问Hcy血浆水平的差异;分析血浆Hcy水平与痴呆程度的关系。结果老年血管性痴呆患者血浆Hcy水平较正常健康老年人明显增高,且其Hcy血浆水平随血管性痴呆的严重程度而增加。结论血浆Hcy含量增高可能是导致老年血管性痴呆的危险因素之一。     

阿尔茨海默病患者痴呆程度与血浆同型半胱氨酸水平的研究

目的 研究阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者痴呆程度与血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平的关系.方法 依据美国国立神经病语言障碍卒中研究所和阿尔茨海默病及相关疾病学会（NINCDS-ADRDA）诊断标准及Hachinski缺血量表,筛选我科门诊及住院AD患者45例,及健康对照组15例,分别进行MMSE量表评分,分为轻度痴呆组、中度痴呆组、重度痴呆组和健康对照组,每组15例,监测患者血浆Hcy浓度进行对比分析.结果 AD组患者血浆Hcy浓度较健康对照组明显增高;其中轻度痴呆组血浆Hcy浓度较中度痴呆组和重度痴呆组降低,各AD组患者与健康对照组相比较,中、重度痴呆组与轻度痴呆组相比较均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;MMSE量表评分与Hcy水平呈负相关（r=-0.843,P＜0.05）.结论 血浆Hcy水平是阿尔茨海默病的独立高危因素,与AD患者的痴呆程度密切相关.     

阿尔茨海默病和血管性痴呆患者血浆同型半胱氨酸和胆碱酯酶水平及其临床意义探讨

目的 检测阿尔茨海默病(AD)和血管性痴呆(VaD)患者血浆中同型半胱氨酸、叶酸、维生素B12和胆碱酯酶水平,探讨其临床意义.方法 选取AD 30例、VaD 32例和正常对照31例,用化学免疫发光法测定受试对象血浆中同型半胱氨酸、叶酸、维生素B12水平,用酶学法测定胆碱酯酶水平.结果 与对照组比较,AD组和VaD组患者血浆中同型半胱氨酸明显升高(P<0.01),叶酸和维生素B12水平明显下降(P<0.01);AD组患者血浆中胆碱酯酶明显降低(P<0.01).结论 测定血浆中同型半胱氨酸、叶酸、维生素B12和胆碱酯酶水平,对诊断AD和VaD提供帮助;补充叶酸和维生素B12有望改善痴呆患者的临床症状.     

各型痴呆患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平对比分析

目的：探讨各型老年期痴呆患者血浆同型半胱氨酸（ Hcy ）水平变化特点。方法采用放射免疫比浊法测定阿尔茨海默病（AD）42例、血管性痴呆（VD）40例、帕金森痴呆（PDD）33例及对照组50例,空腹血浆Hcy及血管紧张素转化酶水平。结果 PDD组血浆Hcy水平低于VD组、AD组、对照组（ P＜0．05）,而血管紧张素转化酶水平高于VD组、AD组、对照组（ P＜0．05）;VD组、AD组、对照组的Hcy水平及血管紧张素转化酶水平比较差异均无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。结论可能血浆Hcy水平与稳定期老年性痴呆无关联。     

血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与血管性痴呆的相关性研究

目的探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸（HCY）水平与血管性痴呆（VD）的相关性。方法按诊断标准将我院脑梗死住院患者分别纳入VD组（78例）和非痴呆组（202例）,另选取同期同龄正常体检者100例为对照组。检测并比较三组间的HCY浓度,并借助简易精神状态速检表（MMSE）对VD组进行痴呆程度分类,分析其与HCY之间的关系。结果 VD组和非痴呆组的HCY浓度均高于对照组,且以VD组最高（P〈0.05）;随着痴呆程度的加重,MMSE评分逐渐降低,HCY的浓度则逐渐升高,MMSE评分和HCY浓度二者之间呈负相关（r=-0.703,P〈0.05）。结论深化HCY与VD关系的认识,监测HCY浓度,有利于VD的防治。     

血浆同型半胱氨酸水平在血管性痴呆中的检测意义分析

目的:探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸水平在血管性痴呆中的检测意义。方法:选择血管性痴呆患者共100例,作为痴呆组,其中轻度痴呆36例,中度痴呆患者47例,重度痴呆患者17例。同时选择同期脑梗死非痴呆患者100例,作为梗死组,选择同期体检的健康者100例,作为对照组。检测上述三组对象的血浆同型半胱氨酸水平,对痴呆症患者进行认知评估,采用简易精神智能状态量表进行评分。结果:三组之间血浆同型半胱氨酸水平不相同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);痴呆组血浆同型半胱氨酸水平高于梗死组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重度痴呆患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平分别高于轻度痴呆患者中度痴呆患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);中度痴呆患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平高于轻度痴呆患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:血浆同型半胱氨酸升高是血管性痴呆可能是导致血管性痴呆的一个危险因素,随着痴呆程度升高,血浆同型半胱氨酸水平也升高,同型半胱氨酸水平检测有助于了解血管性痴呆严重程度和预后。     

血管性痴呆与血浆同型半胱氨酸水平关系的研究

目的探讨血管性痴呆（VD）与血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平的关系。方法将研究对象分为VD组（50例）,非痴呆脑梗死组（50例）和同龄对照组（48例）,采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定三组患者的Hcy水平,并进行比较。结果VD患者血浆Hcy水平显著高于同龄对照组（P〈0．01）和非痴呆脑梗死组（P〈0．05）。结论高同型半胱氨酸血症是血管性痴呆发病的一个新的危险因素。     

血管性痴呆与同型半胱氨酸水平的相关性研究

目的 探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平与血管性痴呆（VD）的相关性.方法 检测37例VD患者的血浆Hcy浓度,并与39例非痴呆脑梗死患者作为同期对照组血浆Hcy浓度进行比较,根据简易精神状态检查量表（MMSE）评分划分VD患者严重程度,分为轻度（20～24分）,中度（10～19分）,重度（10分以下）.结果VD组血浆Hcy水平显著高于非痴呆脑梗死组（P＜0.01）,不同程度VD患者血浆Hcy水平有显著性差异（P＜0.05）.结论 高同型半胱氨酸血症与VD发病密切相关,而且同型半胱氨酸水平越高,血管性痴呆的程度越严重.     

血管性痴呆患者血浆同型半胱氨酸监测的临床意义分析

目的:探讨血管性痴呆患者血浆中同型半胱氨酸含量测定的诊断及治疗意义。方法:选取收治的血管性痴呆患者263例,其中138例患者诊断为轻度血管性痴呆,64例患者诊断为中度血管性痴呆,61例患者诊断为重度血管性痴呆,选取同时期的门诊健康体检者100例作为对照组,测定上述患者的血浆同型半胱氨酸浓度。结果:轻度、中度以及重度血管性痴呆患者的血浆Hcy浓度呈上升趋势,其简易精神智能状态评分呈下降趋势,且这种差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);轻度、中度、重度血管性痴呆患者的血浆Hcy及其简易精神智能状态评分和平均值与对照组相比,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:血浆中同型半胱氨酸水平是血管性痴呆发生的独立危险因素之一,对于血管性痴呆的诊断及治疗都有着重要的临床意义。     

血浆硫化氢水平与支气管哮喘的相关性研究

目的观察支气管哮喘患者血浆硫化氢（H2S）水平的变化,研究其与支气管哮喘的相关性。方法 70例支气管哮喘分为哮喘缓解期组30例,轻度急性发作期组10例,中度急性发作期组12例,重度急性发作期组18例和正常对照组15例,采用去蛋白法紫外可见分光光度测定血浆H2S水平并检测肺功能和测定诱导痰细胞的计数和分类。结果 15例正常对照组的血浆H2S水平为（73.23±12.85）μmol/L,30例哮喘缓解期组的血浆H2S水平为（57.22±12.62）μmol/L,急性发作期组中轻度（10例）、中度（12例）、重度（18例）的血浆H2S水平分别为（54.18±6.15）μmol/L、（42.30±5.08）μmol/L和（34.15±2.14）μmol/L。急性发作期的血浆H2S水平组显著低于缓解期组（P〈0.01）,而且轻度、中度与重度之间的差异均有统计学意义（F=40.348,P〈0.01）。测试结果表明,H2S水平与支气管哮喘发作有相关性（r=0.723,P〈0.01）。急性发作患者的血浆H2S水平与FEV1.0%预计值（r=0.845,P〈0.01）和诱导痰巨噬细胞%（r=0.816,P〈0.01）呈正相关。与诱导痰细胞总数、中性粒细胞%及诱导痰嗜酸细胞%呈负相关（r=-0.406、-0.892和-0.638,P〈0.01）。结论患者血浆H2S水平降低,与支气管哮喘发生、发展相关,可能参与哮喘的发病,内源性H2S作为一种无创性指标监测疾病的严重程度和活动度具有一定意义。     

支气管哮喘患者血浆中硫化氢的变化及其意义

目的:研究内源性硫化氢(hydrogen sulfide,H2S)在支气管哮喘发病中的作用.方法:哮喘急性发作期患者44例,其中经过临床治疗进入缓解期的患者33例,失访11例,33例中有3例回访时雾化留痰失败,健康对照12例.采用敏感硫电极的方法测定血浆H2S水平,检测肺功能,测定诱导痰细胞的计数和分类.结果:健康对照组(12例)的血浆H2S水平为(75.2±13.1)μmol/L,哮喘临床缓解组(33例)为(55.8±13.6)μmol/L,急性发作期轻度组(9例)为(57.8±6.3)μmol/L,急性发作期中度组(13例)为(40.8±5.1)μmol/L,急性发作期重度组(22例)为(31.3±2.9)μmol/L,各组之间比较差异均有统计学意义(F=44.592,P<0.01).协方差分析结果显示,研究对象中吸烟者与非吸烟者血浆H2S水平分别为(45.4±19.5)μmoL/L与(52.7±16.0)μmol/L,二者比较差异有统计学意义(F=4.804,P<0.05).研究对象所处的状态(健康、哮喘缓解期及哮喘发作期)与血浆硫化氢水平明显相关(r=0.712,P<0.01).急性发作期血浆H2S水平与第一秒用力呼气容积(force expiration vohmn in one second,FEV1.0)占预计值的百分比呈正相关(r=0.877,P<0.01),与诱导痰中巨噬细胞的百分比也呈正相关(r=0.791,P<0.01);而与诱导痰中的细胞总数呈负相关(r=-0.348,P<0.01),与诱导痰中的中性粒细胞百分比也呈负相关(r=-0.906,P<0.01).结论:内源性H2S可能参与哮喘的发病,内源性H2S作为一种无创性指标监测疾病的严重程度和活动度具有一定意义.     

阿尔茨海默病患者扣带回后部波谱磁共振对照研究

目的 研究阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者脑扣带回后部氢质子波谱磁共振(H-MRS)特征以及与简易智能状态检查量表及老年性痴呆评定量表认知分量表评分的相关性.方法 对象为24例阿尔茨海默病患者(AD组),以及年龄、性别及受教育年限与之相匹配的8例血管性痴呆患者(VD组)、11名正常对照老人(NC组).对入组者应用H-MRS测量脑扣带回后部NAA/Cr值和ml/Cr值,并进行MMSE及ADAS-Cog评分.结果 AD组扣带回后部NAA/Cr值为1.24±0.12,ml/Cr值为0.74±0.15,VD组扣带回后部NAA/Cr值为1.25±0.15,ml/Cr值为0.65±0.15,NC组扣带回后部NAA/Cr为1.46±0.19,ml/Cr值为0.62±0.09,三组比较只有NAA/Cr值差异有统计学意义.组间比较提示AD组和VD组扣带回后部NAA/Cr值与NC组比较差异均有统计学意义.AD组扣带回后部mI/Cr值与NC组比较差异有统计学意义.而VD组扣带叫后部mI/Cr值与NC组比较差异无统计学意义.AD组与VD组扣带回后部NAA/Cr值和mI/Cr值比较差异均无统计学意义.以NAA/Cr值<1.31为标准,AD诊断的阳性预测值为73%,阴性预测值为71%.AD组脑扣带回后部NAA/Cr值(r=0.731,P=0.000)与MMSE评分旱显著正相关;与ADAS-cog评分旱显著负相关(r=-0.541,P=0.011).结论 AD患者脑扣带回后部NAA/Cr值明显降低,与MMSE和ADAS-cog评分有相关性,脑扣带回后部H-MRS检查不能很好区分早期AD与VD.     

康复训练改善血管性痴呆患者智能及生活能力的临床研究

将64例血管性痴呆患者随机分为治疗组（康复训练＋药物治疗）和对照组（药物治疗）,连续治疗12周,在治疗前和治疗第4、8、12周时进行简易精神状况检查法（MMSE）和日常生活能力量表（ADL）评分。治疗前后两组的MMSE和ADL评分均有显著改善（P〈0．05）,组间比较治疗组的改善优于对照组（P〈0．05）。     

Changes in plasma hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide levels and their clinical significance in children with Kawasaki disease

Background  Cardiac involvement is the most common complication of Kawasaki disease (KD); however, the underlying mechanisms are not understood. The present study was designed to investigate changes in plasma hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in the acute and recovery stages of KD children and to examine their clinical significance.

Methods  Thirty-five KD patients and 32 healthy children were enrolled in the study. KD patients were divided into two subgroups: a non-cardiac involvement group and a cardiac involvement group. Plasma H₂S levels were measured using the sulfur-sensitive electrode method and plasma NO levels and NO synthase activity were determined using the nitrate reductase method both before and after intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) therapy.

Results  Plasma H₂S levels significantly decreased in KD patients during the acute phase of the disease and NO levels were significantly increased, compared with the control group (P <0.01). After treatment with IVIG, both plasma H₂S and NO levels significantly increased (P <0.01). The plasma levels of H₂S were significantly lower in the cardiac involvement group compared with the non-cardiac involvement group (P <0.05).

Conclusion  H₂S and NO may play a role in the pathophysiological process of inflammation during the acute phase of KD. Endogenous H₂S may exert protective effects with respect to cardiac complications in KD.

     

头颅CT平扫在鉴别老年阿尔茨海默病与血管性痴呆患者中的临床应用

目的探讨头颅CT平扫在老年阿尔茨海默病(AD)和血管性痴呆(VD)患者鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法选取2019年1月至2020年1月合肥市滨湖医院老年科收治的101例痴呆患者,其中55例阿尔茨海默病者作为AD组,46例血管性痴呆患者作为VD组,比较分析两组患者头颅CT检查结果。结果AD组大脑半球最大横径、大脑半球最大横径与侧脑室最大宽度比值小于VD组,AD组外侧裂池最大宽度大于VD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。VD组腔隙性脑梗死和大面积脑梗死/出血灶的发生率明显高于AD组,AD组侧脑室颞角扩大发生率高于VD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论头颅CT平扫在鉴别老年患者阿尔茨海默病和血管性痴呆方面具有较高的临床应用价值。     

Differential acetylcholine and choline concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia

Background An important aspect of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is loss or impairment of cholinergic neurons. It is controversial whether there is a similar cholinergic impairment and cerebral deficit of acetylcholine (ACh) in the case of vascular dementia (VD). The purpose of this study was to explore the levels of ACh and choline (Ch) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with AD and VD, and their possible relationship with cognitive impairment.Methods Twenty-two AD patients, twenty-two VD patients, and twenty normal controls were recruited and scored with a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). CSF concentrations of ACh and Ch were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with an electrochemical detector (HPLC-ECD) and the results were then compared to cognitive status.Results ACh concentrations in CSF of AD patients ［(10.7±5.1） nmol/L］ and VD patients ［(16.8±7.4） nmol/L］ were both significantly lower than in controls ［(34.5±9.0） nmol/L, t=10.67, P&lt;0.001; t=6.91, P&lt;0.001］. Both results correlated positively with MMSE scores (rs=0.88 and rs=0.85, respectively, P&lt;0.01). The CSF concentration of Ch was significantly higher in VD patients ［(887.4±187.4） nmol/L］ compared to AD patients ［(627.6±145.1） nmol/L, t=6.4, P&lt;0.001］ and controls ［(716.0±159.4） nmol/L, t=4.2, P=0.002］. CSF Ch concentration showed no difference between AD patients and normal controls, nor did it correlate with MMSE score in any of the three groups. Conclusions The positive correlation between ACh deficit and cognitive impairment suggests that ACh is an important neurotransmitter for memory. The similar decrease in ACh concentration in AD and VD patients may imply a similar pathogenesis for the process of cognitive impairment involved in these two disorders. The elevated CSF levels of Ch in VD patients compared to AD patients may be useful diagnostically. Cholinesterase inhibitors may be helpful not only for AD patients, but also for VD patients.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者血浆硫化氢的变化及临床意义

目的：探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者血浆硫化氢(H2S)水平的变化及其临床意义。方法选取2011年1月至2015年1月我院呼吸科门诊和住院经多导睡眠仪(PSG)监测符合OSAHS的患者86例,其中轻度组25例,中度组32例,重度组29例,同期门诊体检健康者28例为对照组。四组入选者均在PSG监测次日晨醒后测定空腹血浆H2S水平,比较各组血浆H2S水平并分析其与PSG监测指标呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、最低血氧饱和度(LSpO2)的关系。结果轻度组患者血浆H2S水平为(41.23±1.63)μmol/L,与对照组的(42.12±2.11)μmol/L比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但中、重度组患者血浆H2S水平[(34.61±1.79)μmol/L]和(31.71±2.01)μmol/L]与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);轻、中、重度三组患者血浆H2S水平呈逐渐下降,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01);血浆H2S水平与AHI呈负相关(轻度组：r=-0.285,P=0.026;中度组：r=-0.384,P=0.0021;重度组：r=-0.422,P=0.0065),与LSpO2呈正相关(轻度组：r=0.395,P=0.0023;中度组：r=0.422,r=0.0021;重度组：r=0.483,P=0.001)。结论 OSAHS患者血浆H2S水平下降,不仅和疾病严重程度相关,还和夜间缺氧程度有关,临床上血浆H2S可作为评估OSAHS患者病情严重程度的一个方便简易监测指标。     

Imbalance of endogenous homocysteine and hydrogen sulfide metabolic pathway in essential hypertensive children

Background  Hypertension is a common disease of the cardiovascular system. So far, the pathogenesis of primary hypertension remains unclear. The elaboration of its pathogenesis is an important topic in the field which calls for urgent resolution. The aim of this study was to probe into the metabolic imbalance of homocysteine (Hcy) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) in children with essential hypertension, and its significance in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension.
Methods  Twenty-five children with essential hypertension and 30 healthy children with normal blood pressure were enrolled in the study. The medical history was investigated and a physical examination was conducted on the subjects. Plasma Hcy content was examined by fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA). The plasma H₂S level was detected by a modified method with a sulfide electrode. Data were presented as mean±standard deviation. The t test was applied to the mean values of both groups. Pearson linear correlation analysis was applied to the plasma Hcy and H₂S as well as to the systolic pressure against the plasma H₂S/Hcy ratio.
Results  Plasma Hcy, an intermittent metabolite of the endogenous methionine pathway, was markedly increased but plasma H₂S, a final product of this pathway was significantly decreased in hypertensive cases when compared with normal subjects ((Hcy: (12.68±9.69) µmol/L vs (6.62±4.79) µmol/L (t=2.996, P<0.01); H₂S: (51.93±6.01) µmol/L vs (65.70±5.50) µmol/L) (t=-8.670, P<0.01)). The ratio of plasma H₂S/Hcy in children with hypertension was 5.83±2.91, while that of the control group was 11.60±3.30, and the difference is significant with a t=-6.610 and P<0.01. A negative correlation existed between plasma Hcy and H₂S concentrations, r=-0.379, P<0.05. And a negative correlation was found between systolic blood pressure and the plasma H₂S/Hcy ratio, r=-0.687, P<0.05.
Conclusion  There was a metabolic imbalance of homocysteine and hydrogen sulfide in essential hypertensive children.