髋臼成形术并股骨近端旋转截骨治疗小儿发育性髋关节脱位

目的：评估髋臼成形术并股骨近端旋转截骨治疗发育性髋关节脱位的临床效果。方法：本组患儿48例,男12例,女36例,年龄2．6—8．5岁,平均5．4岁。采用S—P切口,切开关节囊,清理真臼内软组织,复位股骨头;股骨近端旋转截骨,纠正前倾角;髋臼缘上方沿关节囊附着点行弧形截骨,髂骨块植入截骨处,增加股骨头的包容。结果：48例患儿经1．6-5．6年的随访,按照周永德先天性髋脱位疗效评定标准,优32例,良16例,可3例,差4例,手术优良率为86．8％。结论：髋臼成形术并股骨近端旋转截骨是治疗小儿发育性髋关节脱位的一种较为有效的方法。     

先天性髋关节脱位髋臼造盖术的研究现状

髋臼造盖术（hip—self procedure）是针对治疗先天性髋关节半脱位或先天性髋关节脱位而设计的，手术方法是仵髋臼上缘，关节囊外．将相应大小的髂骨外板截骨后翻转向下或于髋臼上缘做一骨槽，然后插入髂骨骨块，以达到相对加深髋臼深度、增加髋臼对股骨头的覆盖面积、稳定髋关节为目的术式，它始于19世纪70年代，Albee是这一经典手术的鼻祖。随着实践经验的不断积累，对先天性髋关节脱化的生物力学改变研究的不断深入，又出现了很多改进术式。     

再谈小儿先天性髋脱位手术中的关节囊处理

再谈小儿先天性髋脱位手术中的关节囊处理孙丹舟唐成林赵宝林季晓风刘玉槐张焕军丛小泉＊⒇小儿先天性髋脱位手术治疗，目前论述较多的仍然是通过各种髂骨截骨术或造盖术来减少髋臼指数，增加髋臼对股骨头包容，从而增强髋关节稳定性。专门论述关节囊在稳定髋关节的作用...     

带缝匠肌髂骨块造盖治疗大龄儿童先天性髋脱位

目的报道应用带缝匠肌髂骨块造盖治疗大龄儿童先天性髋脱位的疗效。方法22例中7例采用单纯髋臼造盖术，其余均行关节囊切开复位，股骨粗隆下短缩截骨，纠正过大的股骨颈前倾角，髋臼造盖术。年龄7～13岁，平均9.2岁。结果术后经6个月～8年，平均5a的随访，按Mckay临床功能评定标准，优良率为86．5%，按Severin的X线评定标准，优良率为81％。结论带缝匠肌髂骨块髋臼造盖，可稳定和维持髋臼顶部弧形截骨的位置，提高髋臼有效宽度，恢复髋臼指数及正常CE角，使髋关节获得同心圆复位。     

经髋臼缘截骨术治疗成人髋臼发育不良(附56例报告)

目的：探讨手术治疗成人髋臼发育不良的一种新方法。方法：在Chiari骨盆内移截骨的基础上，于髋臼缘上3～mm处进行骨盆截骨；截骨远端内移后，可使畸形半脱位的股骨头，通过关节囊与髂骨近端对股骨头产生良好的覆盖和承重，股骨头覆盖面积明显加大。结果：平均随访25个月，疼痛缓解、髋关节功能优良率达87．5％，X线摄片示股骨头的覆盖率术前为70％，术后上升到95％。结论：经髋臼缘截骨术是治疗成人髋臼发育不良的有效方法。     

改良髋臼周围截骨阶梯状植骨术治疗大龄儿童先天性髋关节脱位

目的：探讨大龄儿童先天髋脱位的手术方法。方法：采用改良髋臼周围截骨，阶梯状植骨术治疗大龄儿童先天性脱位48例62髓关节，并进行随访观察。结果：得到随访45例47髋，关节位置同心复位良好，无1例发生脱位及半脱位，关节功能恢复良好。结论：改良髋臼周围截骨阶梯状植骨术是治疗大龄儿童先天性髋关节脱位较理想的方法。     

髋臼成形术治疗大龄儿童先天性髋脱位

[目的]探讨髋臼成形术治疗大龄儿童先天性髋脱位（congenital dislocation of the hip，CDH）的并发症及防治措施。[方法]采用髋臼成形术治疗大龄儿童CDH128髋，平均随访5a2个月。[结果]股骨头坏死15髋（11．7％），髋关节障碍28髋（21．8％），髂骨变形、变小18髋（14％），髋臼发育不良复发4髋（3．1％）。[结论]脱位高者术中短缩股骨，避免损伤髋臼上缘软骨，截骨距髋臼上方0．5～1cm处，截开的髂骨问嵌插入足量的髂骨松质骨骨块和短缩的股骨或异体骨，保护髂骨骨骺及附着的肌肉血管束，术后3个月内避免持重，髋关节功能障碍者，给予松解后，应用CPM（continuous passitive motion），对预防减少并发症有重要意义。     

非股骨短缩截骨全髋置换治疗股骨头颈短缩畸形

[目的]介绍非股骨短缩截骨全髋置换治疗股骨头颈短缩畸形的手术技术和初步临床效果。[方法]对19例股骨头颈短缩畸形患者采用非股骨短缩截骨全髋置换治疗。手术采用后外侧入路，先切开并松解粘连挛缩的髋关节囊，充分显露髋臼，确定真性髋臼位置并行髋臼成形或再造，安放髋臼假体；适配型号的股骨柄试模置入后安放递增长度的股骨头进行髋关节复位，在保持髋关节张力的情况下触摸髋关节周围挛缩的软组织并依次松解，随后置入适配的股骨柄及股骨头假体，复位髋关节。[结果]19例患者均顺利完成手术。术后均实现髋臼及股骨柄生物性压配与初始稳定，无严重并发症。术后随访6～36个月。术后6个月随访时患者Harris评分为（94.5±4.7）分，临床效果评定：优15例、良4例，优良率100%。术后影像显示所有患者均保持解剖位旋转中心，假体位置良好，术后3个月X线片均示广泛性骨长入，随访期间均未发生脱位、假体柄移位及断裂。[结论]全髋关节置换术不行股骨缩短截骨治疗终末期关节合并股骨头、颈缩短畸形技术可行，短期疗效满意。     

非股骨短缩截骨全髋置换治疗股骨头颈短缩畸形

[目的]介绍非股骨短缩截骨全髋置换治疗股骨头颈短缩畸形的手术技术和初步临床效果。[方法]对19例股骨头颈短缩畸形患者采用非股骨短缩截骨全髋置换治疗。手术采用后外侧入路，先切开并松解粘连挛缩的髋关节囊，充分显露髋臼，确定真性髋臼位置并行髋臼成形或再造，安放髋臼假体；适配型号的股骨柄试模置入后安放递增长度的股骨头进行髋关节复位，在保持髋关节张力的情况下触摸髋关节周围挛缩的软组织并依次松解，随后置入适配的股骨柄及股骨头假体，复位髋关节。[结果]19例患者均顺利完成手术。术后均实现髋臼及股骨柄生物性压配与初始稳定，无严重并发症。术后随访6～36个月。术后6个月随访时患者Harris评分为（94.5±4.7）分，临床效果评定：优15例、良4例，优良率100%。术后影像显示所有患者均保持解剖位旋转中心，假体位置良好，术后3个月X线片均示广泛性骨长入，随访期间均未发生脱位、假体柄移位及断裂。[结论]全髋关节置换术不行股骨缩短截骨治疗终末期关节合并股骨头、颈缩短畸形技术可行，短期疗效满意。     

非股骨短缩截骨全髋置换治疗股骨头颈短缩畸形

[目的]介绍非股骨短缩截骨全髋置换治疗股骨头颈短缩畸形的手术技术和初步临床效果。[方法]对19例股骨头颈短缩畸形患者采用非股骨短缩截骨全髋置换治疗。手术采用后外侧入路，先切开并松解粘连挛缩的髋关节囊，充分显露髋臼，确定真性髋臼位置并行髋臼成形或再造，安放髋臼假体；适配型号的股骨柄试模置入后安放递增长度的股骨头进行髋关节复位，在保持髋关节张力的情况下触摸髋关节周围挛缩的软组织并依次松解，随后置入适配的股骨柄及股骨头假体，复位髋关节。[结果]19例患者均顺利完成手术。术后均实现髋臼及股骨柄生物性压配与初始稳定，无严重并发症。术后随访6～36个月。术后6个月随访时患者Harris评分为（94.5±4.7）分，临床效果评定：优15例、良4例，优良率100%。术后影像显示所有患者均保持解剖位旋转中心，假体位置良好，术后3个月X线片均示广泛性骨长入，随访期间均未发生脱位、假体柄移位及断裂。[结论]全髋关节置换术不行股骨缩短截骨治疗终末期关节合并股骨头、颈缩短畸形技术可行，短期疗效满意。     

Chiari骨盆内移截骨并加盖术治疗大龄儿童发育性髋关节脱位术后并发症分析

目的：对Chiari骨盆内移截骨并加盖术,部分合并股骨近端旋转截骨治疗大龄儿童发育性髋关节脱位术后出现的并发症进行分析,并对其产生的原因进行分析,以期能找出降低术后并发症的方法和措施。方法：本组患儿42例,男t0例,女32例,年龄6岁～16岁,平均9．2岁。采用髋关节前方切口,切开关节囊,找见真臼,清理真臼内软组织,复位股骨头于真臼内;真髋臼缘上方0．5cm处行骨盆完全截骨,髂骨块植入截骨处,行加盖,进一步增加股骨头的包容。部分患儿行股骨近端旋转截骨,纠正前倾角。结果：42例患儿经1～6年的随访（平均3．5年）,出现再脱位3例,股骨头缺血性坏死2例,坐骨神经损伤1例,髋关节功能障碍4例。结论：Chiari骨盆内移截骨并加盖术虽然是治疗大龄儿童发育性髋关节脱位的一种较为有效的方法,但术后并发症的发生率较高。提示我们在术前一定要选择合适的病例,术中仔细操作,尽量避免并发症的发生。     

改良手术方法治疗大龄先天性髋关节脱位

目的 寻求大龄先天性髋关节脱位(CDH)更完善的手术治疗方法.方法 对CDH髋臼浅而小、股骨头大的78例82个髋关节.在通常术式的基础上增加新手术方法:将Pemberton截骨术的截骨点上移,扩大翻转骨瓣面积;取髂骨全层骨板连带其附着的骨膜植骨;增厚的关节囊制成两层,内层紧缩关节,外层稳定骨瓣.结果 术后随访2～7年,按照周永德疗效评定标准,47例47髋为26～30分,25例29髋为21～25分,3例3髋为16～20分,3例3髋<15分,总优良率达92.7%.结论 改良的手术方法治疗CDH可增加股骨头包容,避免了传统术式减少髋臼容积的缺点,更有利于稳定关节,扩大了手术适应证.     

Chiari骨盆内移截骨并加盖术治疗大龄儿童发育性髋关节脱位术后并发症分析

目的：对Chiari骨盆内移截骨并加盖术,部分合并股骨近端旋转戗骨治疗大龄儿童发育性髋天节脱位术后出现的并发症进行分析,并对其产生的原因进行分析,以期能找出降低术后开发症的办法和措施。方法：本组患儿42例,男10例,女32例,年龄6岁～16岁,平均9．2岁。采用髋关节前方切口,切开关节囊,找见真口,清理真门内软组织,复位股骨头于真臼内;真髋臼缘上方0．5cm处行骨盆完全截骨,髂骨块植入截骨处,行加盖,进一步增加股骨头的包容。部分患儿仃股骨近端旋转戡骨,纠正前倾角。结果：42例患儿经1-6年的随访（平均3．5年）,出现再脱位3例,股骨头缺血性坏死2例,坐骨神经损伤1例,髋关节功能障碍4例。结论：Chiari骨盆内移截骨并加盖术虽然是治疗大龄儿童发育性髋关节脱位的一种较为有效的方法,但术后并发症的发生率较高。提示我们在术前一定要选择合适的病例,术中仔细操作,尽量避免并发症的发生。     

髋臼发育不良动物模型的建立及其临床意义

目的探讨髋臼发育不良在先天性髋关节脱位发病过程中的意义。方法将１２只幼犬通过外科手术造成单侧髋关节脱位,术后３、４周通过大体标本、组织学及Ｘ线摄片,观察髋臼变化。结果术后３周幼犬实验性髋关节脱位侧即出现髋臼发育不良,髋臼上部呈斜坡状,髋臼浅,Ｘ线片上可见髋臼指数增大,由实验前平均１３２±１３度增大为平均２７８±１５度,组织学观察见髋臼软骨退行变化。结论髋臼发育不良为髋关节脱位的继发病变,不是髋关节脱位的原因;如果髋关节脱位或髋关节松驰得到及时治疗,髋臼发育不良可以恢复正常     

Total hip replacement in high total hip dislocation by performing a Z-shaped shortening osteotomy

AIM: Total hip arthroplasty for severe chronic proximal femoral migration, most commonly seen in congenital dislocation of the hip, has been associated with high rates of complications. Placement of the acetabular component in the true acetabulum has yielded the most durable results, but leads to significant limb lengthening. In this paper six cases of a total hip arthroplasty combined with a Z-shaped osteotomy of the proximal femur are described. METHOD: All patients presented with a complete congenital dislocation of the hip. In all procedures the acetabular component was placed in the true acetabulum and the proximal femur was shortened according to a preoperative drawing in a Z-shaped manner. RESULTS: The clinical and radiological results of the patient collective are presented in this study, the mean follow-up period was 60 months. At the last follow-up no nerve palsy, osteotomy pseudarthrosis or dislocation were detected objectively. CONCLUSION: The performed procedure seems to be a viable technique in the treatment of coxarthritis in high total hip dislocation.     

Central dislocation of the hip with complications.

A case of severe central fracture-dislocation of the acetabulum is described. This lesion was complicated by a small-bowel rupture and occlusion of the iliac vessels. In order to reduce the dislocation, iliopubic osteotomy and excision of the hip joint capsule was necessary.     

改良莎氏手术治疗儿童先天性髋关节脱位疗效分析

目的：评价先天性髋关节脱位改良莎氏手术后的疗效。方法：182例儿童先天性髋脱位行切开复位,髋臼扩大加深、骨膜植入,股骨上端旋转截骨术,结果：随访94例,时间3－14年,平均6年,临床功能及X线形态优良率为85％。结论：改良莎氏手术虽然不是儿童先天性髋脱位的首选术式,但对于年龄较大或行其他手术再脱位不失为一种较好的补救手术。     

Tectoplasty for painful dislocation or subluxation of the hip. Long-term evaluation of a new acetabuloplasty

Tectoplasty is a new acetabuloplasty which aims to provide an extra-articular weight-bearing surface in cases of dysplastic acetabulum, hip subluxation or dislocation with a false acetabulum. The lateral wall of the iliac bone at the lateral edge of the affected acetabulum is raised as a proximally-based flap and massive bone grafts are inserted to provide a congruous, non-absorbable roof for the capsule and femoral head. An advantage is that the weight-bearing surface can be formed away from the original acetabulum, wherever the dislocated or subluxated femoral head may lie. Of 34 hips with congenital dislocation or severe subluxation treated by this method, 27 were evaluated after an average follow-up of 12 years. At review the patients averaged 35 years of age and satisfactory results with good relief of pain had been obtained in 78%. The results were unsatisfactory when degenerative changes had already developed before operation. Tectoplasty is indicated for pain due to congenital subluxation or dislocation of the hip under the age of thirty, in the absence of advanced osteoarthritis.     

Mini-Incision Posterior Approach for Hip Arthroplasty

Objective To reduce the trauma to soft tissues through a shortened incision for a posterior approach for hip replacement. Indications Patients requiring primary hip replacement or revision. Contraindications Open wounds in area of incision. Planned femoral osteotomy. Surgical Technique Incision of 10-15 cm, splitting of the gluteus maximus, and division of the piriformis insertion allow exposure of the posterior capsule which is opened. The femoral neck is divided and the femoral head removed to expose the acetabulum and proximal femur. An anterior capsulectomy and retraction allow appropriate visualization of the acetabulum. Insertion of blunt Hohmann, Müller, and modified Müller retractors facilitates exposure of the proximal femur. Results Between 1993 and 1995, 102 consecutive unilateral elective hip replacements were performed using the described approach (patients' age range 48-96 years). The mean blood loss was 347 ml, 13% of patients received a transfusion. Mean surgical time was 37 min, mean hospital stay 3.5 days. One patient suffered a dislocation postoperatively. There were no infections, loosening, intraoperative fractures, pulmonary embolisms, deep vein thromboses or nerve injuries detected.