血管内皮祖细胞制备血管瘤动物模型的探索研究

目的 探索研究通过移植人外周血管内皮祖细胞至裸鼠皮下来构建一种新型的血管瘤动物模型.方法 分离培养人外周血管内皮祖细胞,与基质胶混匀后移植到裸鼠皮下,按随机分组情况每周给细胞移植组分别注射血管内皮生长因子、雌二醇和生理盐水,定期观察记录新生组织的生长状况.结果 细胞移植后可见新生组织内血管增殖明显,呈血管瘤样改变.注射血管内皮生长因子和雌二醇组与注射生理盐水组相比,体积和血管密度明显偏大.结论 血管内皮祖细胞注射至裸鼠皮下后具有较强的促进血管新生的能力,通过移植人外周血管内皮祖细胞可望构建与人血管瘤相近的动物模型.     

血管内皮祖细胞和血管内皮生长因子促进预构皮瓣血管新生作用的比较

目的 比较血管内皮祖细胞(endothelial progenitor cells,EPCs)与血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)在促进预构皮瓣血管新生作用上的差异,探讨EPCs移植提高预构皮瓣存活面积的可行性.方法 分离雄性Wistar大鼠(45只)一侧股血管柬,转位植入腹部皮下,建立预构皮瓣实验模型.将体外诱导分化的EPCs(组Ⅰ,n=15)和VEGF(组Ⅱ,n=15)分别注射于皮瓣局部,对照组仅注射PBS溶液(组Ⅲ,n=15).4周后形成以植入血管为蒂的岛状皮瓣,原位缝合;术后7 d对皮瓣存活率、血管密度计数进行检测.结果 组Ⅰ、组Ⅱ、组Ⅲ的皮瓣存活率分别为(87.26±10.13)%、(66.13±9.9)%、(55.59±13.06)%,组Ⅰ分别与组Ⅱ和组Ⅲ比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);微血管密度分别为:(38.67±9.52)个/mm~2、(25.83±6.33)个/mm~2、(26.5±5.61)个/mm~2(P<0.05).结论 EPCs促进预构皮瓣血管新生的作用优于VEGF,局部应用骨髓来源的EPCs可以有效地提高预构皮瓣存活面积.     

内皮抑素对ACHN RCC中缺氧诱导因子和血管内皮生长因子表达的影响

目的将已构建的带有内皮抑素基因真核表达载体质粒导入裸鼠ACHN肾细胞癌（renalcellcarcinoma,RCC）细胞中,研究内皮抑素基因对缺氧诱导因子（hypoxia-induciblefactor,HIF）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达的影响。方法荷瘤裸鼠随机分为3组,每组8只。干预组每只裸鼠瘤内3点注射复合物100μl,内含30μl梭华-SofastTM和30μgpSecES质粒;对照组每只裸鼠瘤内3点注射复合物100μl,内含30μl梭华-SofastTM和30μgpcDNA3.1质粒;空白组每只裸鼠瘤内3点注射生理盐水100μl。各组每只裸鼠间隔3d注射1次,连续注射3次。接种后第34天处死裸鼠,取肿瘤组织按SP法进行免疫组化染色,检测HIF-2α和VEGF的表达。结果干预组的ACHNRCC的生长较对照组和空白组明显受到抑制,干预组的HIF-2α和VEGF的表达较对照组和空白组低。HIF-2α和VEGF之间呈正相关（r=0.462,P〈0.05）。结论内皮抑素基因导入可以抑制荷瘤裸鼠ACHNRCC的生长,而且HIF-2α和VEGF在ACHNRCC的表达减少。HIF和VEGF二者之间存在正相关性。     

同时携带人血管内皮生长因子和血管生成素基因的内皮祖细胞血管再生研究

目的用腺相关病毒（adeno-associated virus,AAV）载体将人血管内皮生长因子165 （vascular endothelial growth factors,VEGF165）和血管生成素-1（angiopoietin-1,Angl）基因同时转入骨髓源性内皮祖细胞（endothelial progenitor cells,EPCs）中,观察外源基因的表达并评价其促血管再生的能力。方法用同时携带人VEGF165和Angl基因的AAV载体AAV2-hAngl/VEGF165转染体外培养的兔骨髓源EPCs,用RT-PCR和细胞免疫化学法检测外源基因的表达。实验用新西兰大白兔24只,制作成右下肢缺血模型,随机分成3组：PBS、EPC和EPC/AV组。造模后第10天,向缺血肌组织中分别注射PBS、EPCs和AAV2-hAngl/VEGF165转染的EPCs,用免疫组织化学法评价其血管再生效应。结果EPCs可高效地被AAV2-hAngl/VEGF165转染而表达Angl和VEGF165。细胞移植4周后,EPC/AV组存活的EPCs密度（283±137）/mm^-2明显高于EPC组（191±88）/mm^-2;EPC/AV组的毛细血管密度（856±212）/mm^-2明显高于EPC组（564±177/mm^-2）和PBS组（308±112）/mm^-2;α-SMA阳性血管密度（6.9±3.0）/mm^-2明显高于PBS组（3.6±1.8）/mm^-2,P〈0.05。结论AAV载体可同时将人VEGF165和Angl基因转入EPCs中,转染后的EPCs具有更强的促血管再生能力。     

内皮抑素基因对ACHN RCC中VEGF和MVD表达的影响

目的：利用已构建的带有内皮抑素基因真核表达载体质粒（pSecES）导入裸鼠人肾癌细胞系肾细胞癌（ACHN RCC）中,研究内皮抑素基因对血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和微血管密度（MVD）表达的影响.方法：将荷瘤裸鼠随机分为3组,每组8只.干预组每只裸鼠瘤内3点注射复合物100μl,内含30μl梭华-Sofasttm和30μg pSecES质粒;对照组每只裸鼠瘤内3点注射复合物100μl,内含30μl梭华-Sofasttm和30μg pcDNA3.1质粒;空白组每只裸鼠瘤内3点注射生理盐水100μl.各组每只裸鼠间隔3天注射1次,连续注射3次.接种后第34天处死裸鼠,取肿瘤组织按SP法进行免疫组织化学染色,检测MVD和VEGF的表达情况.结果：干预组ACHN RCC的生长较对照组和空白组明显受到抑制,干预组CD34标记的MVD的表达和VEGF的表达较对照组和空白组低.结论：内皮抑素基因导入可以抑制荷瘤裸鼠ACHN RCC的生长,而且MVD和VEGF在ACHNRCC的表达减少.     

人绒毛膜促性腺激素调控尿道下裂兔阴茎组织血管内皮生长因子的研究

目的 探讨人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)调节尿道下裂兔阴茎组织中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的作用. 方法选用新西兰兔于孕期第19天时,非那雄胺片剂10 mg·kg-1·d-1研成细粉,加蒸馏水适量灌胃连续给药4～7 d.自然分娩后选择尿道下裂幼兔35只,分5组,每组7只,4组分别肌内注射HCG 100、200,400、600 U,1次/d,共7 d;另1组仅注射等量生理盐水.另取7只正常幼兔作为正常组.药物干预后3周,取幼兔阴茎组织,测定VEGF含量. 结果 尿道下裂幼兔HCG 100、200、400、600 U肌内注射组阴茎组织VEGF含量分别为(5.00±2.37)、(5.63±1.73)、(10.35±2.34)、(16.91±2.34)pg/ml,生理盐水组为(3.99±1.19)pg/ml;正常组为(14.82±3.32)pg/ml.正常组与尿道下裂组100、200、400 U HCG注射组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),与600 U HCG注射组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),400 U组与100、200、600 U HCG注射组问比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);100、200 U HCG注射组与生理盐水注射组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05). 结论 幼兔阴茎组织VEGF浓度降低与尿道下裂的发生有相关性.一定剂量的外源性HCG可刺激尿道下裂幼兔阴茎组织VEGF浓度增加.     

生长抑素对肝癌细胞血管内皮生长因子表达的影响

目的　探讨生长抑素对肝癌细胞血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)表达的影响。方法　将 2 0只小鼠随机分为 2组 ,每组各10只。每只小鼠于左腋窝皮下注射小鼠肝癌细胞株细胞。A组为实验组 ,皮下接种肿瘤 2 4h后予奥曲肽 (10 0 ug·kg- 1·d- 1 )腹腔注射 ,连用 14d;B组为对照组 ,予以相同容积的无菌生理盐水腹腔注射 ,连用 14d。 14d后处死小白鼠 ,检测肿瘤大小、血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)。结果　皮下接种 7d天及 14d天后 A组皮下肿瘤的体积均明显小于 B组 (P<0 .0 5 ,P<0 .0 1) .A组 VEGF表达明显低于 B组 ,并统计学差异有显著性 (Ridit检验 ,P<0 .0 5 ) ;A组 MVD亦较 B组为低 ,但统计学差异无显著性 (P=0 .0 75 )。结论　生长抑素对小白鼠肝癌移植瘤具有抑制作用 ,对肿瘤 VEGF的抑制作可能为其机理之一 ,对肿瘤组织血管形成的抑制作用亦可能为其原因。     

血管内皮生长因子反义寡核苷酸抑制胆囊癌血管生成的研究

目的探讨Oligofectamine介导的血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial cell growthfactor,VEGF)反义寡核苷酸(antisense oligodeoxynucleotides,ASODN)转染对人胆囊癌细胞GBC-SD裸鼠移植瘤的VEGF表达和血管形成的影响。方法裸鼠接种GBC-SD细胞建立移植瘤模型,随机分为A、B、C三组,各组裸鼠在接种1周后,分别给于200μl磷酸缓冲液(PBS)、VEGFSODN100μg Oligofectamine0.5μl及VEGF ASODN100μg Oligofectamine0.5μl,每3天1次,连续治疗5周,观察各组裸鼠的成瘤性、体积及瘤重的变化,各组移植瘤中VEGF表达及微血管密度(MVD)变化。结果三组裸鼠3周时的成瘤率,C组显著低于A、B两组(P<0.05),6周时各组的成瘤率无差异。各组移植瘤6周时的体积和瘤重相比C组显著低于A、B两组(P<0.05),C组的抑瘤率为(50.79±9.19)%。A、B两组移植瘤VEGF表达及MVD均无显著性差异(P>0.05),而C组移植瘤VEGF的表达较A、B两组明显减弱(P<0.05),MVD明显小于A、B两组(P<0.05)。结论VEGF ASODN在体内能显著抑制人胆囊癌裸鼠移植瘤的增殖,降低其在裸鼠体内的成瘤性,抑制VEGF在蛋白水平的表达,减少裸鼠移植瘤中血管的形成,降低微血管密度。     

血管内皮生长因子抗体靶向血管治疗对增生性瘢痕Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达的影响

目的观察血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)抗体靶向血管治疗对人增生性瘢痕Ⅰ型胶原蛋白在裸鼠体内表达的影响。方法将1％TBSA深Ⅱ度创面愈合后的增生性瘢痕组织块(取自1例女性烧伤患者)植入48只BALA／C裸鼠肩胛部皮下,建立裸鼠增生性瘢痕移植模型。术后3周,将裸鼠分为大剂量组、中剂量组、小剂量组及对照组,每组12只,分别用0．01 mol／L灭菌磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)稀释的15、10、5μg／ml VEGF单克隆抗体200μl以及等量、同浓度的PBS进行瘢痕内直接注射,每周2次,持续3周。术后45 d,测量各组裸鼠瘢痕组织的大小,计算体积;以HE染色行组织学观察;采用逆转录聚合酶链反应与蛋白质印迹法分析瘢痕组织Ⅰ型前胶原蛋白mRNA和Ⅰ型胶原蛋白的表达。结果大剂量组、中剂量组、小剂量组瘢痕体积分别为(55．3±4．1)、(67．9±5．7)、(78．9±5．5)mm3;与对照组(85．0±7．3)mm3比较,大剂量组、中剂量组瘢痕体积明显变小(P< 0．05)。大剂量组、中剂量组血管和成纤维细胞较少,胶原纤维减少,排列较整齐。与对照组比较,大剂量组和中剂量组Ⅰ型前胶原蛋白mRNA和Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达明显降低;小剂量组与之接近。结论VEGF抗体靶向血管治疗可抑制增生性瘢痕血管形成、胶原表达及瘢痕生长。     

前列回春对实验性大鼠前列腺组织血管内皮生长因子表达的影响

目的 :探计前列回春对实验性大鼠前列腺组织血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)表达的影响 ,阐明其抗前列腺增生作用。　方法 :雄性SD大鼠 6 0只随机分为正常组 ,模型组 ,雌二醇组 ,前列回春低、中、高剂量组 ,每组 10只。除正常组外 ,其他 5组均去势 ,去势 7d后给大鼠注射丙酸睾酮 4mg·kg-1·d-1,连续 1个月 ;同时给前列回春低、中、高剂量组按 0 .4、0 .8、1.6g·kg-1·d-1的比例灌胃给药 ;雌二醇组皮下注射雌二醇 2 .5mg·kg-1·d-1;模型组和正常组给予等容积蒸馏水。用药 1个月后处死大鼠取前列腺组织 ,用免疫组化方法检测前列腺组织中VEGF阳性细胞表达率。　结果 :前列回春各剂量组与模型组比较差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ,前列回春中、高剂量组与雌二醇组比较差异也有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。　结论 :前列回春可抑制实验性大鼠前列腺组织中VEGF的表达 ,其表达量随药量的增加而降低 ,说明该药具有抗前列腺组织新生血管形成、抑制前列腺增生的作用     

Transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells transferred by vascular endothelial growth factor gene for vascular regeneration of ischemic flaps

BACKGROUND: Neovascularization occurs through two mechanisms: angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Therefore, there are two strategies to promote neovascularization: therapeutic angiogenesis and therapeutic vasculogenesis (endothelial progenitor cells therapy). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, we examined whether or not endothelial progenitor cells combined with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene therapy is useful for ischemia surgical flaps in vivo. At the same time, we quantitatively compared the neovascularization ability of transplanted endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) transducted with VEGF165 gene and EPCs alone. EPCs were isolated from cord blood of healthy human volunteers, cultured in vitro for 7 days and identified by immunofluorescence. After transduced with VEGF165 gene in vitro, proliferative activity of EPCs was assessed using MTT assay. CM-DiI was used to trace EPCs in vivo 4 days after injection of 5 x 10(5) VEGF-transduced EPCs(VEGF-transduced EPCs group, n = 10), 5 x 10(5) EPCs (non-transduced EPCs group, n = 10) in 500 microL EBM-2 media, or 500 microL EBM-2 media (EBM-2 media group, n = 10) local, a cranially based flap was elevated on the back of nude mice. The percent flap survival, neovasculariztion and blood flow recovery of flaps was detected. RESULTS: EPCs expressed cell markers CD34, KDR, and CD133. A statistically significant increase in percent flap survival was observed in mice of VEGF-transduced EPCs group as compared with that of non-transduced EPCs group: 67.99 +/- 6.64% versus 59.43 +/- 4.69% (P < 0.01), and 41.24 +/- 2.44% in EBM-2 media group (P < 0.01). The capillary density and blood flow recovery of flaps in VEGF-transduced EPCs group were both improved. CM-DiI-labeled VEGF-transduced EPCs were observed in vivo and the numbers of cells increased. CONCLUSION: EPCs from human cord blood can increased neovascularization of ischemic flaps and augmented the survival areas, and VEGF-transduced EPCs have more powerful ability of promoting neovascularization in animal model of ischemic flaps.     

Differentiation and proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells from canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells

BACKGROUND: The isolation, differentiation, and expansion of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from peripheral blood have potential applicability in areas of therapeutic neovascularization, vascular repair, and tissue engineering. The purpose of the current study was to elucidate a simple method of isolation and differentiation of EPCs by defining the endothelial morphology, surface marker expression, and proliferative capacity of EPC outgrowth from canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: PBMCs were isolated from fresh canine blood and cultured in fibronectin-coated plates in which EPCs were identified from cell morphology and outgrowth characteristics. Cell surface markers were determined with flow cytometry analysis to identify differentiation of cultured and subcultured colonies. A hematologic counter with phase contrast microscopy was used to study cell growth curves of EPCs as compared with mature human coronary artery endothelial cells. RESULTS: During the first week of canine PBMC culture, cells were morphologically round and varied in size, but in the course of the second and third week of culture, the cells, respectively, became spindle-shaped and displayed an endothelium-like cobblestone morphology with outgrowth. CD34 was significantly decreased at 21 days as compared with 7 days culture (36.04% to 21.37%), whereas vWF (from 77.26% to 96.37%) and eNOS (from 0% to 14.97%) were significantly increased. VEGFR-2 was slightly increased, and P1H12 (CD146) was unchanged. Subcultured canine EPCs displayed a higher proliferation rate as compared to mature human coronary artery endothelial cells in the same culture conditions. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that canine EPCs can be isolated and cultured from the canine PBMC fraction. These outgrowth cells displayed characteristics of endothelial morphology with endothelial cell-specific surface markers. Furthermore, it was revealed that canine EPCs have a greater growth potential as compared to mature endothelial cells. This study suggests that PBMCs could be used as a source of EPCs for potential applications in tissue engineering and vascular therapy.     

缺氧条件下中介素和系膜细胞对内皮细胞血管生成的影响

目的探讨缺氧条件下,中介素(IMD)和肾小球系膜细胞(HMC)对内皮细胞的影响。方法内皮细胞分为4组:(1)内皮细胞与系膜细胞共培养,加IMD处理作为HEMI组;(2)内皮细胞与系膜细胞共培养,无处理作为HEM组;(3)内皮细胞加IMD处理作为HEI组;(4)内皮细胞无处理作为HE组;将各组细胞在1%O2、94%N2、5%CO2条件下缺氧培养12 h后,蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)、免疫细胞化学技术检测相关蛋白表达,实时定量反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测相关基因mRNA相对表达量,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)含量,体外血管形成实验检测内皮细胞的成管分支数。实验结果两组间比较采用t检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析。结果上皮型钙黏分子(VE-cadherin)表达量HEMI(1.629±0.197、1.557±0.066、10.552±0.523)高于HEM(1.116±0.118、1.340±0.161、8.128±0.542)、HEI(1.278±0.096、1.078±0.088、7.523±1.211)、HE组(1.000±0.000,F=0.734、1.244、6.134,P<0.05),差异有统计学意义;血小板内皮细胞黏附分子(PECAM-1/CD31)表达量HEMI(1.309±0.234、1.203±0.105、1.654±0.462)高于HEM(1.067±0.379、1.038±0.035、1.601±0.397)、HEI(1.225±0.091、1.101±0.038、1.605±0.207)、HE组(1.000±0.000),差异无统计学意义(F=5.083、5.434、6.428,P>0.05);VEGF表达量HEMI(0.904±0.005、1.922±0.457)高于HEM组(0.690±0.071、1.000±0.000,F=8.307、10.896,P<0.01),ELISA中加入IMD组(1.018±0.319)VEGFA浓度比值高于对照组(0.921±0.294,F=0.132,P<0.05),差异有统计学意义;体外血管形成中HEMI(22.289±0.131)、HEM(21.318±0.594)、HEI(21.533±0.867)、HE(20.755±1.798)高于NE组(18.731±0.525,F=5.926、0.030、1.033,P<0.05;F=6.753,P>0.05)。结论缺氧条件下,IMD可以直接或通过系膜细胞间接双重影响内皮细胞,促进血管形成。     

缺氧条件下中介素和系膜细胞对内皮细胞血管生成的影响

目的探讨缺氧条件下,中介素(IMD)和肾小球系膜细胞(HMC)对内皮细胞的影响。方法内皮细胞分为4组:(1)内皮细胞与系膜细胞共培养,加IMD处理作为HEMI组;(2)内皮细胞与系膜细胞共培养,无处理作为HEM组;(3)内皮细胞加IMD处理作为HEI组;(4)内皮细胞无处理作为HE组;将各组细胞在1%O2、94%N2、5%CO2条件下缺氧培养12 h后,蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)、免疫细胞化学技术检测相关蛋白表达,实时定量反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测相关基因mRNA相对表达量,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)含量,体外血管形成实验检测内皮细胞的成管分支数。实验结果两组间比较采用t检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析。结果上皮型钙黏分子(VE-cadherin)表达量HEMI(1.629±0.197、1.557±0.066、10.552±0.523)高于HEM(1.116±0.118、1.340±0.161、8.128±0.542)、HEI(1.278±0.096、1.078±0.088、7.523±1.211)、HE组(1.000±0.000,F=0.734、1.244、6.134,P<0.05),差异有统计学意义;血小板内皮细胞黏附分子(PECAM-1/CD31)表达量HEMI(1.309±0.234、1.203±0.105、1.654±0.462)高于HEM(1.067±0.379、1.038±0.035、1.601±0.397)、HEI(1.225±0.091、1.101±0.038、1.605±0.207)、HE组(1.000±0.000),差异无统计学意义(F=5.083、5.434、6.428,P>0.05);VEGF表达量HEMI(0.904±0.005、1.922±0.457)高于HEM组(0.690±0.071、1.000±0.000,F=8.307、10.896,P<0.01),ELISA中加入IMD组(1.018±0.319)VEGFA浓度比值高于对照组(0.921±0.294,F=0.132,P<0.05),差异有统计学意义;体外血管形成中HEMI(22.289±0.131)、HEM(21.318±0.594)、HEI(21.533±0.867)、HE(20.755±1.798)高于NE组(18.731±0.525,F=5.926、0.030、1.033,P<0.05;F=6.753,P>0.05)。结论缺氧条件下,IMD可以直接或通过系膜细胞间接双重影响内皮细胞,促进血管形成。     

Autologous endothelial progenitor cells transplantation promoting endothelial recovery in mice

Transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) restores endothelial function. The present study was designed to determine the effect of autologous EPCs transplantation on the regeneration of endothelium in mice. Mice splenectomy was performed 14 days before carotid artery injury, and mononuclear cells were isolated and cultured in endothelial growth media for 7 days. EPCs were confirmed by immunostaining (CD31, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and double positive for 1,1'dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3-tetramethylindocarbocyanine (DiI)-low-density lipoprotein and ulex europaeus agglutinin (UEA)). Cell counts and fluorescence-activated cell sorting for stem cell marker were performed. 1 x 10(6) 4-,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole- labeled EPCs or saline were injected through tail vein after wire injury. Two weeks after transplantation, cell tracking and immunohistochemical staining showed homing and incorporation of labeled EPCs in injury artery. Administration of EPCs enhanced reendothelialization (P < 0.05) after 1 week and inhibition of neointima formation at 3 weeks compared with that of saline (P < 0.05, n = 6). These data demonstrate that delivery of autologous EPCs is associated with accelerated reendothelialization and reduced neointimal formation. Thus, delivery of autologous EPCs represents an important vasculoprotective approach to attenuate the response to acute vascular injury.     

血管内皮生长因子和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对大鼠外周血内皮祖细胞培养的影响

目的 探讨不同培养条件对大鼠外周血来源内皮祖细胞（EPC）生长情况的影响。 方法 密度梯度离心法获得大鼠外周血单个核细胞,根据培养基中是否添加血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）及培养板是否预铺纤连蛋白（FN）分组培养。观察记录细胞生长情况并进行统计分析,以免疫组化和免疫荧光法进行鉴定。 结果 大鼠外周血来源的单个核细胞在体外呈现贴壁生长,培养第7天各组细胞数及细胞集落数提示,在相同培养条件下,预铺FN可以促进EPC的贴壁增殖（t = 4.43,P < 0.05;t = 3.70,P < 0.05）。在同样预铺或未铺FN的情况下,在培养液中加入生长因子可促使单个核细胞更好地向EPC分化（t = －10.96,P < 0.01;t = －13.22,P < 0.01）。免疫组化及免疫荧光结果显示,细胞培养第4、7、10天,细胞表面CD34、CD133表达不断增强[（35.7±4.2）%、（60.1±3.8）%、（81.8±6.4）%;（3.2±0.9）%、（18.4±7.3）%、（32±3.8）%],第14天下降[（32.1±5.4）%,（1.9±2.7）%];而Flk-1表达在第4、7、10、14天均不断增强[（31.2±3.5）%、（40.6±5.3）%、（71.2±8.4）%、（81.5±4.1）%]。 结论 FN有利于内皮祖细胞的贴壁生长和增殖。VEGF及bFGF促进其增殖分化。内皮祖细胞的体外成功培养将为其应用于血管组织工程提供足够数量的种子细胞来源,并为外周血干细胞移植治疗多种疾病提供新的思路。     

裸鼠肝部分切除术后肝癌血管内皮生长因子及微血管密度变化的研究

目的研究肝部分切除后裸鼠肝癌组织微血管密度(MVD)及血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达,以探讨其促进肿瘤生长的机制.方法采用切除裸鼠肝左叶和中叶观察肝肿瘤生长情况,以免疫组化和图像分析检测肝癌组织MVD、VEGF的表达.结果肝部分切除后,肿瘤组织MVD和VEGF表达明显增强,肿瘤组织重量和体积明显增加.结论肝部分切除后肿瘤组织VEGF表达增强,肿瘤新生血管形成增多可能为其促进肿瘤生长的机制.     

外周血来源间充质干细胞/内皮祖细胞复合细胞膜片的构建及其生物学特性初步研究

目的从外周血中分离获取外周血来源间充质干细胞(peripheral blood mesenchymal stem cells,PBMSC)和外周血内皮祖细胞(peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells,PBEPC),构建复合细胞膜片并初步研究其生物学特性。方法抽取健康成年新西兰大白兔外周血,采用密度梯度离心法分离获取PBMSC和PBEPC,分别行形态学观察及鉴定。取第3代PBMSC和PBEPC以1∶1比例进行成膜诱导形成复合细胞膜片,取单纯第3代PBMSC同法制备单一细胞膜片。取两种细胞膜片行HE染色,观察细胞膜片内细胞分布情况;分别对两种细胞膜片行成骨诱导,收集诱导1、5、10 d的上清液,利用ELISA法检测两种细胞膜片上清液内ALP、骨钙素(osteocalcin,OCN)和VEGF的表达情况。结果PBMSC细胞形态单一,呈纺锤形或多角形,具备良好的成骨、成脂分化能力;PBEPC细胞形态单一,呈铺路石样,成管试验阳性。两种细胞膜片均呈白色半透明膜状物。HE染色示,与单一细胞膜片组相比,复合细胞膜片组膜片更厚,具备更多细胞层数及更高的细胞密度。ELISA法检测示,随诱导时间延长,两组细胞膜片上清液中ALP、OCN和VEGF表达量均有所增加。复合细胞膜片组诱导培养5、10 d OCN表达量显著高于单一细胞膜片组,10 d ALP表达量显著高于单一细胞膜片组,1、5、10 d VEGF表达量均显著高于单一细胞膜片组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);其余各时间点两组间各蛋白表达量比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论PBMSC具备稳定的MSCs分化能力,因其取材微创具备良好的应用前景。通过与PBEPC共培养、成膜诱导等手段构建复合细胞膜片,为组织缺损的修复提供了一种新的思路与探索。     

Low-dose photodynamic therapy increases endothelial cell proliferation and VEGF expression in nude mice brain

We tested whether low-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT) induces an angiogenic response in the normal brain of nude mice (n=20). Normal brains of nude mice were subjected to PDT at low doses (Photofrin: 2 mg/kg; optical: 2 J/cm² and 4 J/cm²). BrdU (50 mg/kg) was injected (intraperitoneally, i.p.) daily from PDT treatment to sacrifice (1 and 2 weeks after PDT). Laser scanning confocal microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining were performed to assay angiogenic response. Morphological results show no significant tissue damage induced by PDT and two- and three-dimensional image analyses revealed no significant difference in vascular structure between the areas of exposure to PDT and contralateral areas in all mice. However, the number of BrdU immunoreactive cells were significantly increased in the areas of PDT treatment compared with contralateral hemisphere in both groups, and the number of BrdU-positive cells increased in a PDT-dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, immunohistochemical data indicate that PDT at these low doses significantly induces the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in PDT-treated regions in the 1-week group, but not in the 2-week group. These data indicate that low-dose PDT results in increased VEGF expression and endothelial cell proliferation in normal brains.