新型消毒溶液IMPRESEPT对印模材料尺寸稳定性的影响

目的:研究新型浸泡消毒剂(IMPRESEPT)浸泡后,对藻酸盐、硅橡胶和聚醚精细印模材料尺寸稳定性的影响,为临床应用提供依据。方法:用60mm×10mm×10mm金属试件制取印模,在IMPRESEPT消毒溶液中分别浸泡10min、20min、30min。用读数显微镜测量浸泡后各时段印模材料的线性长度。结果:除硅橡胶外,藻酸盐及聚醚印模材料在使用IMPRESEPT消毒溶液浸泡前的体积与浸泡后各时段都有显著的统计学差异(P<0.05)。但在30min浸泡时间内,藻酸盐及聚醚印模材料在使用IMPRESEPT消毒溶液浸泡消毒后不会对活动修复体或固定修复体的精确度造成显著影响。结论:新型消毒溶液(IMPRESEPT)在有效浸泡消毒时间内不会影响印模材料的尺寸稳定性,可试用于临床印模的浸泡消毒。     

含氯消毒液对藻酸盐口腔印模改良消毒的效果研究

目的探讨含氯消毒液对藻酸盐口腔印模改良消毒的效果。方法选取2012年7月在本院就诊的20例门诊修复、正畸患者的印模，分两组消毒处理后进行消毒效果监测。实验组用含氯消毒液浸泡及包裹处理；对照组采用清水消毒及包裹处理。比较两组的消毒效果。结果实验组菌落数为（196±20），对照组菌落数为（32010±30），两组细菌菌落数比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论含氯消毒液对藻酸盐口腔印模消毒效果明显，有利于减少口腔科的交叉感染。     

不同消毒方法对藻酸盐印模消毒效果及尺寸稳定性影响的研究

目的:探讨不同消毒方法对印模消毒效果及尺寸稳定性的影响,为临床应用提供依据。方法:制作藻酸盐试件,表面沾染三种不同种类细菌(大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌、枯草芽孢杆菌)。并用不同消毒方法(Hygojet牙模清洗器、戊二醛浸泡10min、戊二醛浸泡30min、流水冲洗30s)对试件消毒。将试件染菌面与琼脂平板轻轻接触1h,取走试件,将琼脂平板放入培养箱中过夜培养。次日观察平板上菌落,以琼脂平板无菌落为完全杀灭,计算杀灭率。并测量消毒后试件的3条直径,计算直径平均值,与消毒前直径进行对比,比较其尺寸稳定性。结果:各组的消毒效果不尽相同。使用Hygojet牙模清洗器,对印模消毒效果理想,杀灭了100%大肠杆菌,对白色念珠菌及枯草芽孢杆菌的杀灭率也均达到95%。其余几种方法均不甚理想。除流水冲洗组外,其他组印模尺寸均出现变化,Hygojet牙模清洗器组印模形变1%左右,而戊二醛浸泡30min组形变在5%左右。结论:Hygojet牙模清洗器消毒效果最好,印模形变在可接受范围内,可以在临床进一步应用。     

醋酸洗必泰消毒液临床应用

洗必泰,化学名为1.6-(N-对氯苯双胍)乙烷,简称双氯苯双胍乙烷,亦称氯苯胍亭。洗必泰是白色或无色结晶粉末,稍溶于水及乙醇。对革兰氏阳性、阴性菌;多种真菌;毛滴虫及各种细菌繁殖体等均有杀菌抑菌作用,是一种理想的广谱抑菌、杀菌剂。临床常用的有醋酸洗必泰、盐酸洗必泰、葡萄糖酸洗必泰和洗必泰碘等。我院自1976年10月以来一直使用醋酸洗必泰溶液作消毒剂,效果满意。现总结报告如下: 一、洗必泰溶液的配制与使用方法: 取醋酸洗必泰10g直接溶于30℃热蒸溜水20000ml中摇匀即得,其浓度为0.05％,作皮肤消毒。取消毒棉签直接浸蘸消毒液擦试注射或穿刺部位,一般肌肉、皮内、皮下注射用蘸消毒液棉扦1～2     

0．1％醋酸洗必泰消毒复用透析器

０．１％醋酸洗必泰消毒复用透析器李玉儿李凤萍陈婉玲陈惠芳周琼我们自１９８５年至１９９５年使用０．１％醋酸洗必泰溶液作为复用复析器消毒剂，效果良好。材料和方法０．１％醋酸洗必泰溶液制备：用１克醋酸洗必泰加蒸镏水加温溶解后加水至１０００ｍｌ过滤而成。把使...     

复方中药消毒剂消毒藻酸盐印模的应用价值

目的 探究复方中药消毒剂消毒藻酸盐印模的应用价值。方法 用制备好的个别托盘制取藻酸盐印 模,将印模分别放入浓度为108个/ml的金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌、大肠杆菌的菌悬液中浸泡染菌,再 将染菌后的藻酸盐印模分别浸泡于浓度0.25%、0.50%的亿人安消毒液、2000 mg/L的84消毒液中,分别浸 泡3、5、10、15 min。将消毒后的印模放入100 ml的0.90%生理盐水中浸泡3 min后取出,用倾注培养法对活 菌培养,并进行活菌计数。结果 3种消毒液在作用10 min与15 min时对金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌、大 肠杆菌的灭菌率为100.00%;在3 min与5 min时两种浓度的亿人安消毒液的灭菌率为97.62%~98.61%,84消 毒液的灭菌率为99.43%~99.64%。结论 0.25%浓度以上的亿人安消毒液浸泡藻酸盐印模10分钟以上对金黄 色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌、大肠杆菌的灭菌率达到100.00%。     

不同消毒方法对口腔琼脂藻酸钾印模精度的影响

目的探讨藻酸钾印模和琼脂藻酸钾联合印模对2%戊二醛、1%“84“消毒剂浸泡不同时间或喷涂处理后其尺寸精度的变化.方法分别用藻酸钾、琼脂印模材料对标准试件制取45个印模,分9组,各组5个印模.分别采用清水处理(为对照组),2%戊二醛、1%“84“消毒剂喷涂(为喷涂组),用上述消毒液浸泡10、20、30min(为浸泡组),用超硬石膏灌模,静止2 h后螺旋测位器测量模型.结果对照组分别与相应印模材料消毒的喷涂组比较,差异无显著性意义(均P＞0.05);藻酸钾和琼脂藻酸钾印模材料浸泡的各时段组比较,差异有显著性意义(均P＜0.01),且随着时间的增加其尺寸变化呈正相关;两种消毒液浸泡消毒对两种印模材料精度的影响比较,差异无显著性意义(均P＞0.05).结论2%戊二醛、1%“84“消毒剂浸泡消毒印模10 min最为理想,20 min以内不影响修复体制作的精度,可用于临床.     

术前消毒剂洗浴对手术切口感染预防作用的Meta分析

手术切口感染在院内感染中位列第三,常规的预防措施是术前应用皮肤消毒剂进行全身洗浴或淋浴.常用消毒剂之4%洗必泰(Chlorhexidine)或三氯生(Triclosan),能够达到消毒的效果.此外,连续数天使用皮肤消毒剂不但能减少细菌数量而且可以减少细菌的繁殖.虽然,以上证据证实了皮肤清洁剂的抗菌效果,但术前消毒剂洗浴是否能够降低手术切口的感染率呢?……     

0.1%洗必泰醇用于空气消毒的观察

空气消毒是防止交叉感染的重要措施。医院内常用的空气消素养本法较多，但各有弊端。例如紫外线照射产生的臭氧，不仅气味难闻，且臭氧在空气中超过一定含量才可致胸问、憋气、头痛．甚至发生肺水肿、窒息等严重毒副反应[1]；甲醛空气消毒后，空气中遗留强烈的刺激性气味，持续时间较长且对人体健康有害，故有报道[2]认为甲醛不宜作为常规空气消毒剂使用。为此．我们于1992年3月至1994年6月用0.1％洗必泰醇喷雾用于空气消毒，并进行了临床试验。介绍如下。1材料与方法1．亚观察组用0．1％洗必素酶喷雾，对照组分为对照1组和对照2组．分别用…     

造血干细胞移植病人肛周感染的预防护理

目的：探讨造血干细胞移植（HSCT）病人肛周感染的有效预防措施。方法：将31例HSCT病人随机分为观察组（16例）和对照组（15例），进住无菌层流室后，观察组于展，晚间及每次排便后，用1：2000洗必泰液冲洗肛周后加用1：5000高锰酸钾液坐浴20min，对照组仅用1：2000洗必泰液冲洗肛周，直至HSCT术毕出层流室，两组其它预防护理方法相同。结果：观察组未发生肛周感染，对照组肛周感染4例，经确切概率检验。P＝0．043，差异有显著性意义。结论：HSCT病人入无菌层流室后，于晨，晚间及排便后，用洗必泰液冲洗肛周后加用高锰酸钾液坐浴，可有效预防肛周感染。     

Effects of different disinfectants on decontamination of laryngoscopes

Guidelines for controlling possible contamination of laryngoscopes should be formulated with the benefit of relevant experimental data. In this study, the effects of five different disinfectants commonly used for the disinfection of laryngoscopes are evaluated. We formed 14 groups, with 10 blades in each. The first 7 groups were contaminated with hospital related meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and the remaining 7 groups with hospital related multiple resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA). For the first group of blades, no disinfection procedure was carried out and, were assumed as a control group. Blades in remaining groups were rested for 10 minutes in containers containing 70% alcohol (II), 1/100 dilution of cetrimide (III), 1/100 dilution of chlorhexidine (IV), 1/10 dilution of chlorhexidine (V), 1/10 dilution of povidone iodine (VI), and 1/100 dilution of ammonium chloride (VII). Disinfectant used in a group was considered effective when growth was seen in 5 or less than 5 plates representing that group. All disenfectants tested were found effective on decontamination of laryngoscopes. Five different moderate level disinfectants, which are commonly used for the disinfection of laryngoscopes, have been found effective even on resistant hospital microorganisms like MRSA and P. aeruginosa. They may be the choices of the disinfectants, especially 1/10 dilution of chlorhexidine gluconate and 1/100 dilution of ammonium chloride.     

Increased postoperative peritoneal adhesion formation after the treatment of experimental peritonitis with chlorhexidine

Background and aims Chlorhexidine is known as a substance that produces adhesions. However, in an experimental model of peritoneal injury, lavage with chlorhexidine and saline solutions produced a similar number of adhesions. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that chlorhexidine gluconate 0.05% solution used for the treatment of peritonitis increases formation of postoperative peritoneal adhesions as compared to standard lavage with saline solution.Material and methods Forty Wistar rats were randomly allocated to gastric or faecal peritonitis groups. In each group rats were further randomly subdivided into saline or chlorhexidine peritoneal lavage groups. After 30 days the rats were killed and intraperitoneal adhesions were evaluated by adhesion score and grading.Results Adhesion scores were statistically significantly different between saline and chlorhexidine groups in both gastric and faecal peritonitis models. In the faecal peritonitis chlorhexidine group a 20% small bowel intussusception rate was observed, while there were no such complications in the other study groups. The conglomerate of organs formed by dense adhesions was present in 60% of cases when gastric peritonitis was lavaged by chlorhexidine and in only 10% when saline solution was used (P<0.05). Neither chlorhexidine nor saline solutions have caused such dense adhesions in faecal peritonitis.Conclusion Peritoneal lavage with chlorhexidine gluconate 0.05% solution in the treatment of experimental peritonitis results in increased adhesion formation.     

防晒霜对SARS病房医护人员紫外线照射的防护效果

目的观察重度急性呼吸综合征(severe acute respiratory syndrome ,SARS)病房持续紫外线灯照射下,应用防晒霜对医护人员眼周暴露皮肤的防护效果.方法将49例医护人员随机分为对照组与防护组,对照组暴露皮肤不应用防护用品,防护组在入病房前应用防晒指数(sun protection factor, SPF)为30的防晒霜.在第1周末及第3周末,分别观察暴露的局部皮肤有无损伤及其程度.结果第1周时防护组出现皮肤损伤的阳性率及损害程度均低于对照组(P＜0.05),第3周时防护组与对照组皮肤损伤阳性率差异不显著,但防护组皮损程度低于对照组(P＞0.05).结论 普通市售防晒霜可减轻紫外线照射引起的局部皮肤损伤程度,但长期应用不能阻止皮肤损伤的发生,急需研究适合SARS病房医护人员工作环境的对短波紫外线有防护作用的防晒霜.     

藻酸盐型盒法复制全口义齿精度的研究

目的:藻酸盐型盒法复制全口义齿的精度研究。方法:制备30个上颌全口义齿模型(对照组),并用技工马达制备测量标记点。利用藻酸盐型盒法分别复制上述义齿,得到30个复制上颌全口义齿模型(实验组)。测量模型上各标记点间的距离,配对t检验分析各测量指标在组间的差异。结果:藻酸盐型盒法复制全口义齿的牙列部分与原义齿的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);藻酸盐型盒法复制全口义齿的基托部分与原义齿间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且垂直向形变大于水平向形变。结论:藻酸盐型盒法复制全口义齿能否直接用于患者口内尚需进一步临床试验证实。     

添加载银抗菌剂的藻酸盐印模材料抗菌性能及物理性能研究

目的:对添加磷酸锆载银抗菌剂的藻酸盐印模材料抗菌性能及物理性能进行测试和评价,为口腔抗菌印模材料的研制奠定实验基础。方法:以1%添加比将磷酸锆载银抗菌剂加入到藻酸盐印模材料,采用薄膜密着法,测试添加抗菌剂后印模材料的抗菌活性,并参照相关标准对材料的结固时间,压应变等物理性能进行测试和评价。结果:添加磷酸锆载银抗菌剂的藻酸盐印模材料对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌率分别为99.85%和99.83%。添加抗菌剂对藻酸盐印模材料主要物理性能没有显著影响(P>0.05)。结论:以1%的比例添加磷酸锆载银抗菌剂可赋予藻酸盐印模材料强抗菌性能。添加抗菌剂对藻酸盐印模材料的主要物理性能没有显著影响,可满足临床应用要求。     

Efficacy of spray disinfection with a 2-propanol and benzalkonium chloride containing solution before epidural catheter insertion--a prospective, randomized, clinical trial

Background. Skin disinfection before neuroaxial blockade proceduresis usually obtained with sterile swabs impregnated in disinfectant.Spray disinfection is also an option which is frequently usedin minor invasive procedures. The purpose of our study was tocompare the efficacy of conventional swab disinfection withspray disinfection prior to epidural catheterization. Methods. Seventy patients who requested epidural analgesia wererandomly selected. The first group (n=35) received disinfectionwith swabs (SW) containing 2-propanol and benzalkonium chloride.The other 35 patients received spray (SP) disinfection withthe same solution. Three microbiological cultures were obtained:one culture prior to skin disinfection, a second immediatelyafter disinfection and a third from the tip of the epiduralcatheter upon removal. Results. One patient in the SW group had a positive skin cultureimmediately after the disinfection with a very low number ofcolony forming units. The other skin culture specimens wereall sterile in both groups. The colonization rate of catheterswas not statistically different between the groups at removal. Conclusion. In this study, spray disinfection was equally efficaciouscompared with the conventional skin disinfectant technique.Our results support the routine use of this simple and cheapalternative method of skin disinfection before epidural anaesthesia.     

血管内皮生长因子基因改善大鼠腹壁下动脉皮瓣成活的实验研究

目的　通过血管内皮生长因子 (vascularendothelialgrowthfactor,VEGF)基因对腹壁下动脉皮瓣的转染 ,探讨应用VEGF基因对皮瓣成活的影响。方法　以SD大鼠为实验模型制作腹壁下动脉皮瓣 ,并分别注入脂质体包裹的PCD VEGF1 6 5(目的基因组 ) ,PCD(空白质粒组 )和生理盐水 (生理盐水组 )。术后 ,①通过腹腔注射荧光素钠估计皮瓣的血流量 ;②计算断蒂后各组大鼠皮瓣的成活面积 ;③取大鼠皮肤标本行常规染色检测平均血管数目及内径 ;④皮肤标本行VEGF免疫组化染色检测VEGF表达情况。结果　目的基因组、空白质粒组和生理盐水组的平均荧光染色面积分别为6 0 6 4%、30 15 %、2 9 89%(P <0 0 5 ) ,大鼠断蒂后的平均成活面积分别为 92 3%、30 5 %、31 8%(P<0 0 5 ) ,平均血管数目分别为 10 1 72、91 35、89 85 (P <0 0 5 ) ,平均血管内径分别为 2 6、31 0 9、32 5 1μm(P <0 0 5 ) ,免疫组化染色示目的基因组染色深度明显高于空白质粒组和生理盐水组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　PCD VEGF1 6 5转染能够改善皮瓣的成活 ,且通过转染表达了丰富的VEGF1 6 5。     

Effects of chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite on the microhardness of root canal dentin.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of endodontic irrigants on the microhardness of root canal dentin. STUDY DESIGN: Thirty extracted single-rooted human teeth were used. The crowns were sectioned at the cementoenamel junction. Each root was transversely sectioned into cervical, middle, and apical segments, resulting in 90 specimens. The 3 sections of each root were separately mounted in an individual silicon device with acrylic resin. The specimens were randomly divided into the following 3 groups (n = 30), according to the irrigant solution used: (1) group 1, control (saline solution); (2) group 2, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution; and (3) group 3, 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). After 15 minutes of irrigation, dentin microhardness was measured on each section at 500 microm and 1000 microm from the pulp-dentin interface with a Vickers diamond microhardness tester in Vickers hardness number (VHN). RESULTS: Data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance and the Tukey test (5%). Specimens irrigated with 2% chlorhexidine (group 2) or 1% NaOCl (group 3) presented lower values of dentin microhardness, with significant difference in relation to the control group (P < .05). CONCLUSION: It could be concluded that chlorhexidine and NaOCl solutions significantly reduced the microhardness of root canal dentin at 500 microm and 1000 microm from the pulp-dentin interface.     

Comparison of povidone iodine and DuraPrep,an iodophor-in-isopropyl alcohol solution,for skin disinfection prior to epidural catheter insertion in parturients

BACKGROUND: Although rare, infectious sequelae of epidural analgesia can occur. A recently marketed antiseptic solution (DuraPrep) which contains an iodophor in isopropyl alcohol, may provide enhanced and longer-lasting antimicrobial activity and thus be useful in the obstetric setting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antisepsis achieved with DuraPrep compared with povidone iodine (PI). METHODS: Sixty women in active labor who requested epidural analgesia were randomly assigned to receive skin preparation with either PI or DuraPrep solution. A total of three cultures were obtained from each subject. The first was obtained just prior to skin disinfection, the second was obtained immediately following antisepsis, and the third was obtained just before removal of the catheter. In addition, the distal tip of the catheter was also submitted for culture. RESULTS: The clinical characteristics and the risk factors for infection were similar in the two groups. The proportion of subjects with positive skin cultures immediately after skin disinfection differed significantly between the PI and DuraPrep groups (30 3%, respectively, P = 0.01). The number of subjects with any positive skin cultures at the time of catheter removal was greater in the PI group as compared to the DuraPrep group (97 50%, respectively, P = 0.0001), as was the number of organisms cultured from skin (log CFU 1.93 +/- 0.40 0.90 +/- 0.23, respectively, P = 0.03). Six catheters, all from the PI group, yielded positive cultures by the roll-plate technique. CONCLUSION: As compared to PI, DuraPrep solution was found to provide a greater decrease in the number of positive skin cultures immediately after disinfection, as well as in bacterial regrowth and colonization of the epidural catheters.