132例颌面部间隙感染的I}6i床分析

本组对132例颌面部间隙感染的临床特点，病因、治疗和诊断进行了分析，认为颌面部间隙感染以牙源性为主。此病发病年龄4-76岁，牙源性118例(89．39％)，外伤性的8例(6．06％)，腺源性4例(3．03％)，血源性1例(0．76％)，医源性1例(0．76％)。     

糖尿病和非糖尿病患者合并颌面部间隙感染的临床比较

目的：对比糖尿病合并颌面部间隙感染患者和非糖尿病合并颌面部间隙感染患者的临床特点。方法随机选取2011—2013年收治100例糖尿病合并颌面部间隙感染患者设为A组，另选同期收治的100例非糖尿病合并颌面部间隙感染患者设为B组。对其临床资料以回顾性方法进行分析，对比2组患者各项临床指标。结果 A组患者出现多间隙感染、发热、口底蜂窝织炎事件概率相对于B组患者明显高很多，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；B组患者住院平均时间相对于A组患者要少很多，差异存在统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论相对于非糖尿病合并颌面部间隙感染患者，糖尿病合并颌面部间隙感染患者病情更为严重，且病情康复所需时间长，应立即采取感染和血糖指数控制的治疗方案，保障患者临床疗效和生活质量。     

颌面部间隙感染的临床资料分析

目的 探讨颌面部间隙感染的病因及治疗要点。方法 对320例颌面部间隙感染病例，从局部治疗、全身治疗等方面作了回顾性研究。结果 320例患者中，病因以牙源性最多，189例(59.06％)。感染部位以颌下间隙最多，134例(41.88％)结论 颌面部间隙感染采用综合治疗效果较好。     

口腔颌面部间隙感染143例临床分析

口腔颌面部间隙感染１４３例临床分析宁夏中卫县医院口腔科段生福本文将我科７年来收治口腔颌面部间隙感染患者１４３例作如下分析。１一般资料１．１１４３例中，年龄在６岁以下者５８例，占４０．５６％；７－１７岁者３２例，占２２．３８％；１８岁以上者５３例，占３...     

口腔颌面部间隙感染的治疗体会

<正> 口腔颌面部间隙感染是常见病、多发病。颌面部有独特的解剖特点,炎症发生后易于扩散,而引起其它部位的病变,或导致严重的并发症。我院于1989年5月——1993年间共收治口腔颌面部各类间隙感染住院病人257例,现将治疗体会报告如下:1.临床资料1·1 性别与年龄 男147例,女110例,年龄最小9个月,最大69岁,平均年龄25—30岁之间。1·2 感染来源 牙源性感染96例,占37.5％,腺源性感染161例,占62.5％。1·3 感染部位 颌下间隙感染174例,占67.7％,包括口底蜂窝织炎。其它多间隙感染以眶下、颊部、翼颌间隙感染83例,占32.3％。     

糖尿病合并颌面部间隙感染的临床观察及治疗

目的:探讨糖尿病患者并发颌面部间隙感染的临床特点和治疗方法.方法:比较糖尿病(77例)与非糖尿病(70例)患者颌面部间隙感染的疗程长短和治疗措施.结果:糖尿病患者颌面部间隙感染的疗程明显延长;应用高压氧治疗的患者.疗程缩短;联合降糖更能缩短糖尿病患者的疗程.结论:糖尿病并发颌面部间隙感染好发于中老年人,感染不易控制,反复发作,病程延长,治疗应控制感染和血糖并重,采取综合治疗,可取得满意的疗效.     

267例颌面部间隙感染临床分析

目的：探讨口腔颌面部间隙感染的临床特点、预防和治疗方法。方法：收集267例颌面部间隙感染患者进行临床分析。结果：口腔颌面部间隙感染均为继发性,且以牙源性感染为主。结论：颌面部间隙感染若诊断及时,治疗得当,对缩短病程,防止感染扩散和恶化均有重要意义,绝大多数可在一周内治愈。     

360例口腔颌面部间隙感染的诊断和治疗

３６０例口腔颌面部间隙感染的诊断和治疗第二医院口腔科王东，查能愉，张兆祥，王崇岚临床资料一、性别与年龄：本组３６０例中男性２０２例，女性１５８例；年龄最小４个月，最大７８岁。２０至３０岁年龄组最多共１１０例（３０．５％），１３岁以下６５例（１８．１％...     

102例肾脏疾病医院感染的临床特点

目的；探讨肾脏疾病医院感染的临床特点。方法：回顾分析102例肾脏内科感染病例。结果：呼吸道感染占73．5％，泌尿道感染占9．8％，病例性肝炎占7．8％。年龄＞60岁占60．8％，住院天数＞1月占72．55％，尿毒症期占67．7％，有透析史占44．12％。病原菌革兰氏阴性杆菌占52．3％。结论：肾脏疾病医院感染以呼吸道感染为主，其次为泌尿道感染，病毒性肝炎。感染与年龄，住院天数，能功能损害程度，侵入性操作有关。以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主。     

颌面部间隙感染300例临床分析

目的通过对颌面部间隙感染患者进行回顾性分析，提高对间隙感染的预防、诊断和治疗水平。方法对我院自1991年1月-2007年6月收治的300例颌面部间隙感染患者的年龄、感染部位、感染源、并发症及治疗效果进行分析。结果300例患者中，感染源以牙源性居首位，182例，占60．67％；其次为腺源性，95例，占31．67％；无血源性感染性病例；感染部位以颌下间隙最多，114例，占38％，严重并发症4种，计7例，占2．33％。结论颌面部间隙感染以牙源性感染为主要来源，部位以颌下间隙为主，并发症的发生主要与颌面部局部解剖特点、患者年龄和机体抵抗力及原发感染灶的不正确处理有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.