恶性B淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤克隆性重排检测研究

目的　对恶性 Ｂ淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤进行克隆性研究。方法　用免疫组化法标记筛选恶性 Ｂ淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤,用针对 Ｉｇ Ｈ 单轮扩增引物进行多聚酶链反应扩增检测克隆性基因重排。结果　在 １２６ 例恶性 Ｂ细胞性淋巴瘤中,免疫组化标记与 Ｉｇ Ｈ 基因克隆性重排符合率为 ９７％ ,其中, Ｉｇ Ｈ 基因克隆性重排阳性 ８３ 例（６６％ ）,３ 例见 Ｔ Ｃ Ｒβ交叉阳性,在 １ 例病理诊断为颈淋巴结反应性增生病例中出现 Ｉｇ Ｈ克隆性重排,在其它 ２２ 例非淋巴组织和良性淋巴组织疾患中均未见阳性。在 １８ 例临床诊断有争议的病例中１１ 例出现 Ｉｇ Ｈ 克隆性重排。结论　克隆性重排检测对恶性 Ｂ淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤有一定的辅助诊断作用。     

Co-trimoxazole in E.N.T. infections

Co-Trimoxazole (Septran) was used in the treatment of E.N.T. infections. The effectiveness of the drug was confirmed by bacteriological and clinical studies.     

Proptosis through eyes of E.N.T. surgeon

The study was conducted to get an overview of the various E.N.T. lesions presenting with proptosis. 50 cases were thoroughly investigated, treated according to the diagnosis and adequately followed up. Based on this data it can be concluded that most of the E.N.T. lesions presenting with proptosis are neoplastic in origin with other chief complaints being epistaxis and nasal obstruction CT scan is a must in the investigation of these conditions and USG of the orbits is an useful non-invasive investigation.     

Vitamin D Deficiency in E.N.T. Patients

A prospective study to observe the prevalence of deficiency of vitamin D in out patients of otolaryngology clinic at Indian Institute of ear diseases, Muzaffarnagar. The patients attending outpatient of otolaryngology clinic with various complaints and not responding to conventional treatment were advised for assessment of vitamin D [25 (OH)D] level in blood. The age, sex, occupation, colour of skin, chief complaints, obesity, provisional diagnosis, and incidence of sun exposure was noted in all cases. A total of 86 patients were examined, maximum patients were in the age group of 7–15 years. The chief complaints in majority of the patients were sore throat with recurrent upper respiratory tract infection. Only in three patient’s vitamin D level was found to be with in normal limits. In rest 83 (96.51 %) it was either deficient 57 (66.28 %) or insufficient 21 (24.42 %). The incidence of vitamin D deficiency is extremely common in Ear Nose Throat disease (E.N.T.) patients. The results of vitamin supplementation were promising in cases of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo with cervical spondylosis and URTI with asthma, empirical supplementation of vitamin D in all E.N.T. patients not responding to conventional treatment is worth trying. At place of sun screen, use of pomegranates and blueberries may be encouraged to prevent sunburn and eliminate Vitamin D deficiency.     

Urological applications of N.O.T.E.S.

While adrenal and kidney urological surgery has been performed in animal models mainly by transvesical accesses, to date, NOTES in humans remains in an investigational and developmental phase. Despite great experimental interest, no specific devices are currently available for urological indications in humans and therefore several instruments, taken from different specialist fields, have been used to access through the different natural orifices (including transgastric, transcolonic, transvaginal and transvesical approaches). Furthermore, the accumulating experience with the transvesical approach to the peritoneum suggests it presents new challenges for urologists in terms of technical demands. For these reasons, given their competition with the success of laparoscopy and minimally invasive techniques, NOTES applications in urology risk being underevaluated. In our opinion, after the initial enthusiastic phase, NOTES will cover only specific indications for urological conditions. The transvesical approach to the peritoneum however seems to be one of the best approaches for NOTES overall and certainly the most promising for urologists.