超声刀在腹腔镜胃癌根治术中的应用

超声刀在腹腔镜胃癌根治术中具有一定的应用价值,其止血可靠、疼痛轻、耗时短。我院于2010年1月—2011年6月对205例胃癌患者行经腹腔镜胃癌D2根治术中使用超声刀,总结报道如下。     

超声刀在腹腔镜胃癌根治手术中的应用

目的 探讨超声刀在腹腔镜胃癌根治手术中的应用.方法 应用超声刀行腹腔镜胃癌根治手术10例.结果 10例患者全部使用超声刀顺利完成手术,无中转开腹.手术时间300～492 min,平均(385±64) min;术中出血量100～500 ml,平均(401±70) ml;清扫淋巴结数目为21～43枚,平均(31±6)枚;术后胃肠功能恢复时间3～6 d,平均(4.2±1.0) d;下床活动时间3～7 d,平均(4.5±1.3) d;进流食时间4～6 d,平均(5.0±0.9) d.术后随访4～20个月(平均12.6个月)无肿瘤复发及转移.结论 应用超声刀行腹腔镜胃癌根治手术安全、可行;超声刀具有创伤小、术中出血少、缩短手术时间等优点,是腹腔镜胃肠外科理想和必备的手术工具.     

新型超声刀在胃癌根治术中的应用及技巧

目的探讨新型超声刀在胃癌根治术中使用的效果及技巧。方法回顾性分析四川大学华西医院2007年1月至2008年5月期间使用新型超声刀进行胃癌根治术的152例患者的临床资料。结果本组资料平均手术时间为（189．5±24．2）min清扫淋巴结数量平均为（30．4±11．6）个，与传统手术相比明显增加；缩短了手术时间，减少了手术出血，手术视野清晰。本组资料术后无吻合口漏、淋巴漏、术后出血及手术死亡。结论新型超声刀在胃癌根治术中使用是安全的，并有助于提高胃癌淋巴结清扫的彻底性。     

远端胃癌根治术(D2)的手术方法及要点

D2是东方国家较主张的胃癌淋巴结清扫方式，本介绍了远端胃癌根治术(D2)的适应证，较详尽地描述了手术步骤及操作要点，强调整块切除原则，以防止癌细胞残留或腹腔种植的发生。     

淋巴清扫在胃癌治疗中的意义

目的　探讨淋巴结清扫术在胃癌手术中的价值。　方法　回顾性分析 485例胃癌切除病例 ,按淋巴结清扫范围分为广泛淋巴清扫组及非广泛淋巴清扫组 ,比较两组间的 5年生存率 ,并用Cox比例风险模型分析影响胃癌手术预后的因素。　结果　总体 5年生存率为 3 7.8% ,行广泛淋巴清扫术、非广泛淋巴清扫术后 5年生存率分别为 43 .3 %和16.4% (P <0 .0 0 1)。多元分析表明淋巴清扫程度是影响预后的一个重要因素。　结论　广泛淋巴清扫术可以提高胃癌手术的 5年生存率 ,因而对胃癌应努力开展广泛性淋巴清扫术。     

腹腔镜辅助在小切口下胃癌D2根治术中的应用价值

目的 探讨腹腔镜辅助在小切口下胃癌D2根治术中的应用价值。方法 回顾分析30例患者行腹腔镜辅助在小切口下胃癌D2根治术的临床资料。结果 30例均顺利完成腹腔镜辅助小切口胃癌D2根治术,无中转开腹。根治性近端胃大部切除8例,手术时间（231±21）min,术中出血量（163±23）mL;根治性全胃切除6例,手术时间（322±25）min,术中出血量（320±28）mL。根治性远端胃大部切除16例,手术时间（203±26）min。结论 腹腔镜辅助在小切口下胃癌D2根治术在保留腹腔镜手术微创优点的同时降低了全腹腔镜胃癌根治术的手术难度,获得开腹手术相当的临床疗效。具有良好的床应用价值。     

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目的 探讨在胃癌根治术中使用新型超声刀（枪、剪式手控弯头超声刀）清扫淋巴结的技术及效果。方法 采用随机对照分组研究方法对复旦大学附属中山医院普外科在2006年4月至2007年3月期间完成的胃癌根治术49例病人（其中使用超声刀26例，常规手术23例）的临床资料进行分析，比较淋巴结清扫所用手术时间、出血量及术后引流量。结果 使用新型超声刀进行胃癌淋巴结清扫所用手术时间、术中出血量及术后3d引流量均明显少于常规手术组，两组淋巴结检出率差异无统计学意义。结论 在胃癌根治术中用新型超声刀进行淋巴结清扫安全、有效，且更加符合肿瘤根治原则。     

腹腔镜胃癌根治术淋巴结清扫技巧

正1994年,Kitano等~([1])首次报道了腹腔镜胃癌根治术治疗早期胃癌。经过二十余年的发展,腹腔镜早期胃癌根治术已被新版的日本胃癌治疗规约接受为IA期胃癌的标准治疗方案之一。1997年,Goh等~([2])首次将腹腔镜技术用于治疗局部进展期远端胃癌,取得了良好的近期疗效,促使腹腔镜胃癌根治术的手术指征从早期胃癌扩大到较早期的进展期胃癌,在世界范围内得到较为广泛的开展~([3-6])。胃的解剖层面多,血供丰     

超声刀在开腹胃癌D2根治术中的应用体会

目的 探讨超声刀在开腹胃癌D2根治术中的临床应用价值.方法 回顾性分析郑州大学附属洛阳市中心医院2008年9月-2010年9月收治的136例胃癌D2根治术患者的病例资料,分为超声刀组和常规手术组,其中75例应用超声刀,61例应用电刀,比较两组淋巴结清扫时间、术中出血量、术后72 h引流量、术后并发症等情况,两样本均数间比较采用方差分析.结果 超声刀组平均手术时间为(114±35) mL;手术出血量为(110.4±32) mL;术后72 h引流量为(180±24) mL.与常规手术组相比,手术时间、术中出血量及术后72 h引流量均明显减少(P＜0.05).超声刀组平均总淋巴结检出数为18枚,常规手术组平均总淋巴结检出数为17枚,两组淋巴结检出率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 超声刀应用于开腹胃癌D2根治术,能够提高手术疗效、减少创伤、加快术后恢复,在胃癌根治术中具有较好的应用前景.     

超声刀在腹腔镜肠粘连松解术中的应用

目的 探讨超声刀在腹腔镜肠粘连松解手术中的应用。方法 应用超声刀行腹腔镜肠粘连松解术治疗粘连性肠梗阻29例。结果 29例均顺利完成手术，无中转开腹。2例因肠管间广泛致密粘连而致分离中肠管破裂，但均在腹腔镜下修补成功。手术时间30～150min。术后无肠漏、出血或腹腔感染等并发症。术后3～7d出院，随访1～24个月，未见有腹痛、腹胀等复发症状。结论 与电刀相比，超声刀的应用使腹腔镜肠粘连松解手术安全性更高，创伤更小，手术时间更短．而且使术后肠粘连肠梗阻复发的机会更少。     

超声刀在开腹直肠癌根治术中的临床应用价值

目的探讨超声刀在开腹直肠癌根治术中的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析我院2003年9月-2006年9月收治的行直肠癌根治术72例的临床资料。其中,采用超声刀38例,采用传统术式34例。观察两组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后第1个24h引流量以及术后并发症的差异。结果超声刀组手术时间较传统手术组有明显缩短。超声刀组手术出血量、术后第1个24h引流量以及术后并发症的发生率均较传统手术组显著减少。结论超声刀在直肠癌根治术中具有很好的应用前景。     

Hepatectomy using an ultrasonically activated scalpel for hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND: The first retrospective studies were performed to compare the efficacy of the ultrasonic cavitational aspirator (aspirator group) and the ultrasonically activated scalpel (scalpel group) for hepatic resection in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The aspirator group consisted of 8 patients (6 with liver cirrhosis and 2 with chronic hepatitis in the nontumorous liver), and the scalpel group of 7 patients (6 with liver cirrhosis and 1 with chronic hepatitis). All patients underwent limited hepatic resection, and the intermittent Pringle maneuver was applied during hepatic transection. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in preoperative hepatic function, type of hepatectomy, tumor size and maximum cross-sectional area of the resected specimen between the 2 groups. The amount of intraoperative blood loss was significantly less in the scalpel group than in the aspirator group (684 versus 1,859 ml, p < 0.05). The operation time was significanly shorter in the scalpel group than in the aspirator group (176 versus 262 min, p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in postoperative liver function and morbidity between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: The ultrasonically activated scalpel is effective in reducing blood loss and in shortening the time of operation, and can be employed during limited resection of the liver with cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis.     

Usefulness of ultrasonically activated scalpel for pulmonary resection in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

We evaluated the reliability and efficacy of the ultrasonically activated scalpel (Harmonic Scalpel) for pulmonary resection in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Fifty-six cases of primary or metastatic lung cancer with history of lobectomy or segmentectomy from July 2003 to June 2006 were investigated. The ultrasonically activated scalpel was used to separate aborted lobulation and segment in the surgery. The outcome of the operation using the ultrasonically activated scalpel revealed the mean operation time of 224.5 minutes and mean blood loss volume of 116.7 ml. The chest drainage catheter was removed at the postoperative day 3.4 and hospitalization lasted 10.4 days on average. By means of statistical analysis, no significant differences were noted when compared with the cases using surgical stapler to separate the lobules or segments of the lungs. Histopathological results showed destruction of alveolar structures and denaturation of cells at the cut surface of the resected lung through the use of the ultrasonically activated scalpel. This method resulted in good lung expansion and preservation of the residual lung volume. Furthermore, it prevented postoperative air leakage by appropriate treatment to the cut surfaces of the residual lung. Indeed, the method appears to be useful in the separation of lung tissues in severe aborted lobulation and segmentectomy by VATS.     

超声刀在乳腺癌改良根治术中的应用

目的：通过超声刀（UAS）与电刀（EI）在乳腺癌改良根治术中应用的比较,探讨UAS临床应用价值。方法：回顾性分析福建医科大学附属龙岩第一医院及哈尔滨医科大学附属第三临床医院两院2010年2月—6月收治的行乳腺癌改良根治术患者189例,其中UAS手术治疗组87例,EI手术治疗组102例,比较两组不同手术器械的应用对手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流管留置时间、淋巴结检出数、术后发生胸壁结节状肿物的区别。结果：UAS组与EI组相比,手术时间、术中出血量、术后发生胸壁结节状肿物的差异均有高度统计学意义（P〈0.01）;引流管留置时间、淋巴结检出数差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：乳腺癌改良根治术采用UAS可明显减少胸壁结节状肿物的发生,符合快速康复外科理念,提高患者生活质量,改善医患关系。     

Hemostasis with the ultrasonically activated scalpel

In patients with implanted pacemaker/cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), the use of electrocautery can lead to serious pacemaker dysfunction. The ultrasonically activated scalpel, however, which has been introduced mainly for the use in laparoscopic surgery, could potentially avoid the outlined problem, since no electrical current flows while in use. This hypothesis was tested in a pacemaker patient undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. During the procedure, no abnormal rhythms or ECG interferences were detected while working in close vicinity to the device. Thus, the ultrasonically activated scalpel provides adequate hemostasis and does not bear the risk of pacemaker dysfunction. Received: 12 January 1999/Accepted: 20 January 1999     

Hepatectomy using the coagulating shears type of ultrasonically activated scalpel.

Since the ultrasonically activated scalpel (UAS) incorporates multiple functions, we have used it for hepatectomies. The present study discusses the noteworthy points and problems of use, and shows initial results. Intraoperative ultrasonography is an important tool for comprehending the positional relationship between the plane of division and the main blood vessels. It allows initial adjustment of coagulation and cutting effects according to the rigidity of the liver parenchyma by means of variable ultrasound levels and exchangeable blade tips, and offers good visibility of the cut surface in deep sites as long as adequate tension on the tissue and an upper position for the blade are maintained. 30 patients underwent hepatectomies using the UAS. The amount of blood loss for lobectomy was significantly less than that for partial lobectomy in normal livers in addition to a significant difference between normal and damaged livers in each group according to the extent of resection. There were no serious complications seen in all cases during the operation. The incidence of positive bile leakage was high. It is recommended that bile leakage testing be carried out as thoroughly as possible. There were 3 postoperative bile fistulas and 1 postoperative hemorrhage. In conclusion, although a dramatic improvement in blood loss and shortened operating time could not be obtained in all procedures, the safety and usefulness were demonstrated in lobectomy. The UAS can be considered as a surgical device that can contribute to the efficiency of hepatectomy, depending on the indications selected.     

Laparoscopic varicocelectomy in adolescents using an ultrasonically activated scalpel

Ten laparoscopic varicocelectomies were performed using an ultrasonically activated scalpel to divide spermatic vessels in adolescents. The mean operation time was 35 (25-46) min. There were no intraabdominal viscelar or vascular complications, and no postoperative analgesia was required. These findings suggest that laparoscopic varicocelectomy using an ultrasonically activated scalpel may be a valuable treatment in the adolescent.     

BBT-UT-3300型超声刀在肝胆手术中的应用

目的探讨超声刀在复杂肝胆手术中的临床应用效果。方法对2008年7月至2009年8月60例行肝切除术、胆道探查术、脾切除联合贲门周围血管离断术病人,随机分为超声刀组和对照组,各30例,超声刀组运用超声刀行分离止血及脏器切除,对照组运用常规方法施行手术。两组均观察术中出血量、手术输血量、并发症发生率等。结果超声刀组与对照组相比,术中出血量显著减少[（107±115）ml与（354±3.76）ml,P〈0．05];手术输血量显著减少[{102±123）ml与（356±131）ml,P〈0．01];手术时间显著缩短[（170±36）min与（221±54）min,P〈0．05];并发症发生率低（16．7％与26．7％,P〈0．05）。结论运用超声刀行复杂肝胆手术可有效提高手术安全性,降低手术风险。