子宫平滑肌瘤的MRI诊断

目的探讨子宫平滑肌瘤的MRI表现及其诊断价值。方法对30例子宫平滑肌瘤患者行MRI检查,SE序列,横断面T     

子宫平滑肌瘤的MRI诊断

目的　探讨子宫平滑肌瘤的MRI表现及其诊断价值。方法　全部病例均行MRI及超声检查。结合手术病理结果回顾性分析 32例 ( 71个病灶 )子宫平滑肌瘤的MRI表现 ,并与超声检查相对比。结果　所有病灶MRI均表现为T1WI中等或略低信号 ;T2 WI低信号 ,退变型肌瘤夹杂有斑片状高信号 ,肿瘤边界清楚 ,瘤周大多可见包膜 ( 5 5 / 71)。对发现 <2cm的肿瘤、判断肿瘤变性及肿瘤的定位MRI均优于超声检查。结论　子宫平滑肌瘤MRI表现颇具特征性 ,较B超检出率更高 ,可获得更精确的资料 ,对制定治疗方案及随访观察肿瘤的变化具有较大的临床意义     

食管平滑肌瘤的影像学表现

目的：探讨食管平滑肌瘤的影像学诊断和鉴别诊断。方法：回顾性分析经手术病理证实24例食管平滑肌瘤的影像学表现。结果：常规食管X线钡餐造影示腔内型16例。表现为圆形或半圆形充盈缺损,腔外型8例,表现为局部轻度受压。其中21例行CT检查,显示圆形和椭圆形及马蹄型肿块,增强扫描呈均匀强化。16例行MR扫描显示肿块,矢状位和冠状位肿块与食管关系密切。结论：食管平滑肌瘤X线钡餐造影检查是首选检查方法,但有时定性诊断较难,CT与MRI扫描能确定肿瘤大小、范围、性质及与其他病变鉴别。     

原发性卵巢平滑肌瘤的MRI表现

目的:探讨MRI对原发性卵巢平滑肌瘤(primary leiomyoma of ovary,PLO)的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析6例PLO患者的临床及影像资料,探讨其MRI表现。结果:PLO的MRI表现为附件区单发实性肿块,T1WI呈等信号,T2WI呈低或中等稍高信号,DWI呈低或高信号,增强扫描明显均匀或不均匀强化,无盆腔积液和淋巴结肿大。结论:MRI检查有助于PLO的临床诊断和鉴别诊断。     

肾平滑肌瘤的MRI表现

【摘要】目的：分析肾平滑肌瘤的MRI表现,提高影像诊断准确性。方法：回顾性分析2006－2018年经本院病理证实的9例肾平滑肌瘤的MRI表现,重点分析病变的形态、有无假包膜、脂质、出血和囊变坏死、在T2WI、T1WI和DWI上的信号特点及动态增强扫描表现。结果：9例肾平滑肌瘤长径为10~84mm,平均40.3mm。所有病变（9/9）在T1WI上呈等或稍低信号,未见脂质和出血信号,出现囊变坏死3例（3/9）;在T2WI上呈类圆形等或稍低信号8例（8/9）,其中有假包膜5例（5/9）;在DWI上呈等及稍高信号8例（8/9）;在皮髓质期呈不均匀轻度强化7例（7/9）,病灶实性部分表现为延迟期均匀强化9例（9/9）。结论：肾平滑肌瘤的MRI表现有一定特征性,DWI和动态增强扫描可提高诊断准确性。     

子宫脂肪平滑肌瘤的CT及MRI特征

目的探讨分析子宫脂肪平滑肌瘤的CT及MRI特征。方法回顾性分析5例经手术病理证实的子宫脂肪平滑肌瘤CT及MRI表现。术前仅行CT检查3例,仅行MRI检查2例。结果 5例子宫脂肪平滑肌瘤均单发,边界较清晰,1例可见包膜。CT检查3例均位于宫体肌壁间,由脂肪密度及软组织密度以不同比例相间分布,其中1例两者比例相当,2例以软组织密度为主;软组织部分其密度较正常子宫肌层密度稍低,相对均匀。MRI检查1例位于宫颈,1例位于左侧阔韧带,两例均以脂肪成分为主,病灶大部分呈T1WI及T2WI高、T1WSPIR低信号改变。动态增强后5例病灶内软组织成分呈轻到中度强化。结论子宫脂肪平滑肌瘤的CT及MRI表现具有一定特征性,CT、MRI检查对该病有较高的诊断价值。     

MRI诊断阴道平滑肌瘤合并子宫多发肌瘤一例

患者 女，51岁。B超发现“多发性子宫肌瘤”11d入院。患者无明显自觉症状。妇科检查：阴道前壁膨出半球状肿物，质硬，与子宫分离。     

宫颈平滑肌瘤的不典型磁共振成像表现与病理分析

目的 探讨宫颈平滑肌瘤的不典型磁共振成像(MRI)表现与病理特征。方法 搜集本院2016年3月至2021年12月经手术和病理证实的7例宫颈不典型平滑肌瘤患者的临床、MRI和病理资料,2例行MRI增强扫描,回顾性分析其MRI表现及病理学特征。结果 1例为宫颈环壁生长型病灶,6例为宫颈单发肿块型病灶,其中3例肿块巨大,直径>10 cm。位于宫颈肌壁间4例,可见深达黏膜下的粗蒂与肌层相连;浆膜下2例,浆膜层受压向侧后方移位。位于宫颈前壁1例,后壁4例,侧壁1例。1例环壁生长型肌瘤表现为宫颈肥大,肌层明显增厚,呈T₁加权成像(T₁WI)等信号,T₂加权成像(T₂WI)低信号;2例富细胞性平滑肌瘤表现为T₁WI等信号T₂WI稍高信号,信号较均匀,增强扫描呈渐进性明显强化;4例伴不等量黏液变性的平滑肌瘤表现为T₁WI等信号T₂WI低信号,肿块内可见T₁WI低信号T₂WI高信号...     

阔韧带平滑肌瘤的MR诊断

目的:探讨阔韧带平滑肌瘤的MR表现及诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析13例经手术和病理证实为阔韧带平滑肌瘤的MR表现.结果:13例中肿块位于子宫右侧4例,左侧8例,两侧1例.肿块呈圆形、类圆形10例,不规则形或分叶状3例.肿块大于5 cm占84.6%(11/13).T1WI肿块均呈等或略低信号;T2WI为中等信号,其中11例肿块中见不均匀斑点状、梭条状高信号影,2例见大片状液化坏死灶.注射钆喷替酸葡甲胺(Gd-DTPA)后扫描肿块实质部分明显强化,显示包膜完整,与子宫等周围脏器分界清晰10例,包膜不清,与子宫有粘连且分界不清3例;包膜不强化且显示更清晰.结论:阔韧带平滑肌瘤的MR表现具有一定的特征性:盆腔内、子宫外大而有完整包膜的实性或实性为主的肿块,T1WI呈等或略低信号,T2WI呈中等信号,其内常可见不均匀斑点状、梭条状高信号影,增强扫描肿瘤强化明显.MR具有良好的软组织分辨率、多方位成像的特点,有利于肿瘤结构、成份与包膜显示,对明确诊断有肯定的价值.     

子宫肌瘤的MRI诊断

目的探讨MRI对子宫肌瘤的诊断价值及其表现特征.方法对26例疑子宫肌瘤的患者分别行B超和盆腔MRT1WI、T2WI多方位扫描,其中11例同时行动态增强检查,并与术后病理进行对照分析.结果除2例术后病理证实为内膜息肉和卵巢炎性假瘤外,余MRI诊断均与术后病理相符,诊断准确率为92%.B超确诊22例,准确率85%.以手术病理为标准,MRI病灶检出率为89%(55/62),B超检出率为69%(43/62),统计学比较有显著性差异(x2=17.86,P＜0.05).子宫均有不同程度增大或轮廓改变,宫腔变形.肌瘤在T1WI上表现为等或低信号,T2WI上表现为低或混杂信号,动态增强后强化不均匀.结论MRI在显示肌瘤的大小、位置及与宫腔的关系上有较高的诊断价值,可作为B超检查的重要补充手段.     

子宫肌瘤的MRI表现与临床病理相关性研究

目的　分析对照子宫肌瘤的MRI表现与组织病理学特点 ,着重分析MRI表现与组织病理学的相关性。评价钆喷替酸葡甲胺 (Gd DTPA)增强MRI在鉴别组织亚型中的作用。方法　搜集 1998年 1月至 2 0 0 2年 3月间 4 2例在我院诊治、并有手术病理证实的子宫肌瘤患者 ,对治疗前的MRI检查资料和完整的临床相关资料进行回顾性分析。入选子宫肌瘤数目为 10 1个。使用PhilipsGyroscanT5 Ⅱ型 0 5T超导型或PhilipsIntera 1 5T超导型MR扫描仪进行扫描 ,常规检查方法平扫为SET1WI和快速自旋回波 (TSE)T2 WI,增强扫描为T1WI成像。结果　绝大部分的子宫肌瘤T1WI信号强度都表现为稍低或等信号 ,普通型在T2 WI主要以低信号为主 ,占 97% (5 1/ 5 8) ;细胞型与退变型在T2 WI均表现为以稍高信号为主 ,分别占 75 % (9/ 12 )和 5 5 % (17/ 31)。细胞型与退变型在T2 WI的信号强度差异无显著性意义 (χ2 =4 192 ,P >0 0 5 ) ,而细胞型和退变型与普通型在T2 WI信号强度的差异有显著性意义 (χ2 =81 5 6 4 ,P <0 0 5 )。不同病理类型肌瘤的均质性差异有显著性意义 ,普通型肌瘤和细胞型肌瘤主要表现为T1WI和T2 WI都均匀 ,退变型肌瘤则以T1WI均匀、T2 WI不均匀为主。普通型肌瘤 3种强化方式都可出现 ,以均匀强化略多见 ;细胞型肌瘤以均     

Diagnostic challenge of lipomatous uterine tumors in three patients

Lipomatous uterine tumors are uncommon benign neoplasms, with incidence ranging from 0.03% to 0.2%. They can generally be subdivided into two types: pure or mixed lipomas. A third group of malignant neoplasm has been proposed, which is liposarcoma; however, this is very rare. In this article, we report three patients having lipomatous uterine tumors, including one uterine lipoma and two uterine lipoleiomyomas. All our patients are postmenopausal women, which is the typical presenting age group. They did not have any symptoms and the tumors were only found incidentally on imaging. However, in some patients, symptoms may uncommonly occur. If symptoms occur, these are similar to those of leiomyoma. We illustrate the imaging features of the tumors in our patients with ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The tumor typically appears as a well-defined homogenously hyperechoic lesion on ultrasound. It shows fat density on CT scan and signal intensity of fat on MRI. MRI is the modality of choice because of its multiplanar capability and its ability to demonstrate fat component of the lesion, as illustrated in our cases. We also discuss the importance of differentiating lipomatous uterine tumors from other lesions, especially ovarian teratoma which requires surgical intervention. Despite the rarity and the common asymptomatic nature of the tumors, we believe that this series of three cases demonstrates a review of a rare tumor which provides important knowledge for patient management.     

Association between magnetic resonance imaging findings of uterine leiomyomas and symptoms demanding treatment

Purpose

To evaluate the association between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) derived uterine and leiomyoma characteristics and symptoms demanding treatment.

Materials and methods

Consecutive patients (n = 122; mean age, 47.5 years) with symptomatic leiomyomas participated in a prospective study. The leiomyoma/endometrium relationship, sizes of leiomyomas and uteri, and number and enhancement of leiomyomas were determined by MRI. Submucosal leiomyomas were classified as protruding either ≥50% or <50% into the uterine cavity.

Results

Sixty-nine patients (57%) had menorrhagia and pressure symptoms, while 26 (21%) had only menorrhagia and 27 (22%) pressure symptoms alone. Leiomyomas with ≥50% protrusion into the uterine cavity were detected more often in patients with both symptoms or just menorrhagia than in those with pressure symptoms only (18/69 [26%] versus 1/27 [4%], P = 0.013; 10/26 [39%] versus 1/27 [4%], P = 0.002, respectively). The degree of enhancement of leiomyomas was higher (P = 0.005) and leiomyomas were smaller (P = 0.002) in patients with menorrhagia than in those with pressure symptoms. Large uterine and leiomyoma measures were associated with increased urinary frequency (P values 0.002–0.032). Urinary stress incontinence, abdominal pain, and pressure on the back were not associated with MRI findings.

Conclusion

In comparison with pressure symptoms, menorrhagia is associated with smaller uterine and leiomyoma size and with more intense enhancement. While a submucosal leiomyoma largely protruding into the cavity contributes to menorrhagia, significance of a minor submucosal component seems to be unclear. The large leiomyoma and uterine volumes contribute to increased urinary frequency, whereas other mechanisms for urinary stress incontinence and pain symptoms should be considered.     

MRI在子宫肉瘤和子宫肌瘤鉴别诊断中的应用进展

子宫肉瘤与子宫肌瘤的治疗方案和预后管理完全不同,对两者的鉴别诊断至关重要。MRI是诊断子宫肿瘤的重要影像方法,尤其是扩散加权成像（DWI）、扩散张量成像（DTI）、扩散峰度成像（DKI）、灌注加权成像（PWI）、MR波谱成像（MRS）、增强梯度回波T₂*加权血管成像（ESWAN）等功能MRI及影像组学,在子宫良恶性肿瘤鉴别、病理分型分级和分子变化等方面可以进行量化分析,从而提供更多有价值的信息。就MRI在鉴别子宫肉瘤和子宫肌瘤中的应用进展作一综述。     

Primary intracranial leiomyoma: case report

We present a case of intracranial parenchymal leiomyoma in a 20-year-old woman with a chief complaint of numbness and a painful sensation over the right limbs for several years. CT and MRI revealed an intensely enhancing calcified mass. The patient was well, without recurrence, 2 years after surgery. Received: 29 August 1997 Accepted: 5 November 1997     

低场MRI对诊断子宫肌瘤与子宫腺肌病的应用价值

目的分析子宫肌瘤与子宫腺肌病的MRI表现特点,探讨MRI对两病的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析25例经手术病理证实的子宫肌瘤和子宫腺肌病患者MRI资料。结果16例子宫肌瘤患者中,共检出病灶24个。T1WI表现均为等低信号,不易识别;T2WI表现为低、高或混杂信号;病灶多有包膜、边界清晰,周围可见低或高信号环;增强扫描可见病灶不同程度强化。7例子宫腺肌病中,弥漫性5例、局限性2例。T1WI及T2WI信号不均,T2WI表现结合带弥漫性或不规则增厚,结合带改变具有诊断特异性;病灶无包膜与周围组织界线不清;增强扫描无明显强化,为等或低信号：2例为子宫肌瘤合并子宫腺肌病。T2WI及增强扫描有助于两病的显示及鉴别诊断。1例子宫肌瘤误诊为子宫腺肌病,1例子宫腺肌病误诊为子宫肌瘤,MRI对两病诊断的敏感性100％,准确率92％。结论选择合适的MRI检查序列与方法对两病鉴别诊断只有重要的价值。     

The value of detection of flow voids between the uterus and the leiomyoma with MRI

Flow voids are occasionally seen between the uterus and the leiomyoma. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of this sign and its relation to tumor size and location, internal signal intensity of the leiomyomas, and the ease of detectability using different MR sequences. Also, to understand the pathologic causes for the phenomenon of flow voids. The MR images of the pelvis in 92 females with 359 uterine leiomyomas were analyzed. Flow voids located between the uterus and the leiomyomas were seen in 32 lesions on T1-weighted images and in 12 on T2-weighted images. Flow void was seen exclusively in leiomyomas of 3-cm diameter of larger. In five pedunculated subserous leiomyomas, flow voids were seen within the pedicle of the tumor. Large lieomyomas and leiomyomas with irregular signal intensity on T2-weighted images showed significantly greater frequency of signal void than other leiomyomas (P < .01). The sign was not seen in any other pelvic tumors. On pathologic evaluation, the flow voids were found to correspond to dilated feeding arteries located outside the capsule of the leiomyoma.     

15例子宫平滑肌瘤MRI征象分析

目的：通过手术病理对照，分析了１５例子宫产滑肌瘤的ＭＲＩ表现。探讨子宫平滑肌瘤的ＭＲＩ征象及诊断意义，材料与方法：１５例患者包括单发者１０例，多发者５例，ＭＲＩ检查采用Ｄｉａｓｏｎｉｃｓ０．３５Ｔ超导成像系统，行横断面和／或矢状面Ｔ１、Ｔ２加权成像，观察ＭＲＩ对子宫肌瘤的定位及定量价值，总结其信号变化规律。结果：ＭＲＩ共发现病灶３５个，病灶发现率８７．５％（手术发现４０个），包括浆膜下１０个，肌内