内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的显微手术

目的 分析应用显微手术提高内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤全切除率的经验。方法 回顾性分析２１例内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤显微手术治疗的资料。结果 手术全切除１４例，次全切除５例，大部分切除２例死亡１例，轻瘫２例，失语１例。结论大多数内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤与脑血管之间有一层蛛网膜界面相隔。在第一次手术中，应力争采用显微手术方法全切除肿瘤。     

蝶骨嵴内侧大型脑膜瘤的显微手术切除

目的 探讨蝶骨嵴内侧大型脑膜瘤的显微外科治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析28例蝶骨嵴内侧大型脑膜瘤显微外科手术。结果 21例达SimpsonⅠ、Ⅱ级切除，7例达Simpson Ⅲ级切除。术后偏瘫4例，植物生存2例，无死亡。结论 改良的翼点入路适于切除蝶骨嵴内侧大型脑膜瘤，掌握处理侵犯视神经、颈内动脉及海绵窦的手术技巧是提高肿瘤全切率的关键，但是对于明显侵犯颈内动脉、海绵窦等重要结构的肿瘤尚应考虑姑息的手术方式。     

12例内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤显微手术治疗体会

目的:提高内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的手术全切率、降低死亡率和致残率。方法:本文对12例内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的手术治疗作回顾性分析。结果:实现肿瘤镜下全切8例,大部分切除4例,无手术死亡,疗效满意。结论:宜采用翼点入路在显微镜下切除,少数可结合术前超选栓塞颈外动脉系统的肿瘤供应支,术中注意保护周围重要神经血管,可提高肿瘤全切率,降低死亡率。但对明显侵犯下丘脑、海绵窦等重要结构的肿瘤,手术难度较大者,尚应考虑姑息的手术方式。     

28例内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗体会

目的探讨内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗效果。方法对28例内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤患者实施改良翼点入路显微手术,回顾性分析患者的临床资料。结果本组肿瘤全切25例(89.29%),术后患者生活质量评分8.21±1.39,较术前生活质量评分5.27±0.98,改善明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本组未发生脑组织肿胀病例。结论采用显微手术治疗内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤,肿瘤全切率高,有效改善患者生活质量,疗效肯定。     

大型及中型复发性蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的显微手术切除

目的：介绍应用显微手术切除大型及中型复发性蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的经验及探讨复发的原因。方法：回顾分析24例大型及中型复发性蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤经额颞眶颧联合入路显微手术治疗的资料。结果：手术全切除(SinpsonⅡ级)14例，次全切除6例，大部分切除4例，其中肿瘤周边脑内嵌有孤立瘤结节5例。结论：经额颞眶颧联合入路与应用显微手术有助于对大型及中型复性蝶骨嵴离膜瘤的全切除。手术切除不全、术中肿瘤种植是蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤复发的原因。     

蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的显微手术术后生活质量分析

目的 探讨蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的显微手术方法对术后生活质量的影响。方法 选取50例蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤者且给予相应显微手术,对手术情况和患者生活质量等内容进行观察与分析。结果 50例蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤者Simpson Ⅰ级全切除率为56.00％、Simpson Ⅱ级全切除率为30.00％且患者术后生活质量与术前相比明显改善（p<0.05）。结论 显微手术治疗蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤可显著提高患者生活质量     

蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤诊治的进一步探讨

作者将近１２年来收治的７２例蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤按是否采用显微技术、肿瘤部位及疗效进行了比较分析。内侧型肿瘤全切除率，显微手术组和非显微手术组分别为６５％和２０％（Ｐ＜０．０１）；外侧型肿瘤全切除率分别为１００％和７７％（Ｐ＞０．０５％）。显微手术组和非显微手术组死亡率分别为６．７％和１１．９％（Ｐ＞０．０５）；手术致残率分别为３３．３％和６４．３％（Ｐ＜０．００１）；长期随访患者优良率；内侧型肿瘤分别为８７．５％和１６．７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；外侧型肿瘤分别为６６．７％和７５％（Ｐ＞０．０５）。作者认为，ＣＴ、脑血管造影及显微外科技术的应用有助于提高本病的诊疗水平。     

显微手术治疗斜坡脑膜瘤

显微手术治疗斜坡脑膜瘤杨卫忠，陈建屏，倪天瑞，石松生，张国良，刘才兴斜坡脑膜瘤临床少见，早期诊断和手术切除困难，手术并发症及死亡率高，一直为神经外科公认乙难题。我院经脑血管造影、ＣＴ、手术及病理证实１３例，总结如下。临床资料本组男５例，女８例。年龄２...     

显微手术切除岩斜区脑膜瘤

岩斜区脑膜瘤为神经外科最困难手术之一。随着显微外科技术在神经外科的广泛应用,手术效果明显改善,致残率显著降低,国内外学者对该区域手术的兴趣倍增［１］。本文就我科收治的１１例岩斜区脑膜瘤作一分析报道。临床资料１９９３年９月～１９９８年３月我科收治岩斜脑...     

巨大脑膜瘤显微手术治疗

目的探讨巨大富血管脑膜瘤显微手术切除疗效与技巧. 方法回顾性分析我院1999年6月～2002年6月32例巨大富血管脑膜瘤的临床资料. 结果脑膜瘤切除按Simpson分级,1级15例,2级9例,3级6例,4级2例.死亡2例.并发症:术后继发颅内血肿4例,脑水肿及梗死6例(再次手术减压4例),缄默症1例,脑脊液漏3例,颅内感染1例.神经功能损害或症状较术前加重7例.30例随访6～48个月,平均24.6月, Simpson 1级切除无复发,Simpson 2级切除4例复发,Simpson 3、4级切除5例复发,再次手术切除肿瘤6例.7例放射治疗随访期内肿瘤均无明显增大.术后日常生活能力量表(activity of daily living, ADL)评估神经功能障碍,Ⅰ级25例,Ⅱ级5例,Ⅲ级2例,术前后ADL评分无显著性差异(P=0.696). 结论脑膜瘤手术治疗应力争全切除.充分的术前准备,良好的手术暴露,有效地控制术中出血,分块切除肿瘤,利用显微技术仔细分离瘤壁,是提高手术疗效的关键.     

桥小脑角大型脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗

目的探讨桥小脑角大型及巨大型脑膜瘤手术入路及显微手术切除方法方法回顾分析经显微手术治疗的28例桥小脑角大型及巨大型脑膜瘤：其中19例采用枕下乙状窦后入路，3例采用颞枕开颅乙状窦前入路，4例采用颞枕开颅颞下小脑幕入路，2例采用颞枕开颅与幕上、下联合入路：结果肿瘤全切除(SimpsonⅠ、Ⅱ级)22例，全切除率为78．6％。全组无手术死亡。术后症状改善者20例，症状基本同术前5例。26例随访6个月至4年，生活自理者23例(88．5%)，复发2例(7．7％)。结论合理选择手术入路，术中应用显微技术妥善处理和保护血管、神经、脑干等，能较理想地切除肿瘤和提高患者生存质量。     

Surgical strategies for giant medial sphenoid wing meningiomas: a new scoring system for predicting extent of resection

Background  Surgical management of giant medial sphenoid meningiomas (≥5 cm in maximum dimension) is extremely challenging due to their intimate relationship with vital neural structures like the optic nerve, cranial nerves of the cavernous sinus and the cavernous internal carotid artery. Their surgical management is presented incorporating a radiological scoring system that predicts the grade of tumour excision. Materials and methods  20 patients of giant medial sphenoidal wing meningioma (maximum tumour dimension range: 5.2 to 9.5 cm; mean maximum dimension = 6.12 ± 1.06 cm) with mainly visual and extraocular movement deficits, and raised intracranial pressure, underwent surgery. A preoperative radiological scoring system (range 1–12) was proposed considering tumour volume (using Kawamoto’s method); extension into the surrounding surgical corridors; extent of cavernous sinus invasion (based on the tumour relationship to the cavernous internal carotid artery); associated hyperostosis and/or >50% calcification; and, associated brain oedema. Both the conventional frontotemporal craniotomy (n = 13) and its extension to orbitozygomatic osteotomy (n = 7) were utilized. The cavernous sinus was explored in 4 patients and the hyperostotic sphenoid ridge drilled in five patients. Findings  Total excision was achieved in nine patients; small tumour remnants within the cavernous sinus, interpeduncular fossa or suprasellar cistern were left in eight patients; and less than 10% of tumour was left in three patients. A patient with a completely calcified meningioma died due to myocardial infarction. When the preoperative radiological score was ≥7, there was considerable difficulty in achieving total tumour excision. A mean follow of 17.58 ± 15.05 months revealed improvement in visual acuity/field defects in three, stabilisation in 11, and deterioration of ipsilateral visual acuity in five patients. Symptoms of raised pressure, cognitive dysfunction, aphasia and proptosis showed improvement. Conclusion  A relatively conservative approach to these extensive lesions resulted in good outcome in a majority of our patients. Both the standard as well as skull base approaches may be utilized for successful removal of giant medial sphenoidal wing meningiomas. A preoperative radiological score of ≥7 predicts a greater degree of difficulty in achieving complete surgical extirpation.     

显微外科技术修复尿道下裂术后尿瘘

目的探讨显微外科技术在修复尿道下裂术后尿瘘治疗中的作用，以提高尿瘘修复成功率。方法1999年7月至2006年5月，对33例尿道下裂术后尿瘘的44个瘘口，应用显微外科技术，分别采用Thiersch偏心圆皮肤覆盖法修复28例；对伴发尿道狭窄、阴茎弯曲者5例，行阴茎瘢痕组织及狭窄尿道切除，以阴囊皮瓣重建尿道，阴茎皮瓣覆盖尿道。结果Thiersch法修复33个瘘口有5个复发；部分尿道切除加阴囊皮瓣尿道成形术修复5例，共11个瘘口，皮瓣全部成活，尿瘘无复发。结论应用显微外科技术可提高尿瘘修复的成功率，尿瘘修复的成功率还与瘘口局部情况、术式选择等有关。     

Invasion of the cavernous sinus by medial sphenoid meningioma —“Radical” surgery and recurrence

Summary We have reviewed the cases of 57 patients with medial sphenoid meningioma who were operated on in our department during the period 1976 to 1988. The patients were grouped according to location, and their pertinent clinical features are presented. Given the frequency of invasion of the cavernous sinus by such tumours, the following question must be considered in each individual case: the potential benefit of the most radical surgery possible, to minimize the recurrence rate, must be weighed against the cost to the patient in diminished quality of life of iatrogenic neurological impairment. We currently advocate the following strategy: radical removal of tumour tissue lying within the cavernous sinus is unwarranted for the first operation if it would entail iatrogenic neurological damage. Only if subsequent follow-up reveals either fast growth of this tissue, or neurological signs and symptoms attributable to it, do we then attempt uncompromising radicality at a second operation.     

Growth pattern analysis of sphenoid wing meningiomas

Purpose  

Complete resection is crucial for the management of sphenoid wing meningiomas (SWM). We hypothesized that specific anatomical growth patterns are predictive for recurrence and worse prognosis. We therefore analyzed the extension patterns of SWM and correlated them with intraoperative findings, extent of resection and recurrence rate.     

Reconstruction after resection of sphenoid wing meningiomas

OBJECTIVE: To review our experience of reconstructing the lateral and superior orbital walls after resection of sphenoid wing meningiomas. We will review the presentation and complications, examine the aesthetic results postoperatively, and compare preoperative and postoperative computed tomographic scans. To our knowledge, a comparative analysis of preoperative defect and postoperative reconstruction has not been performed. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis, with a minimum of 5 months and a maximum of 9 years of follow-up in an academic multidisciplinary skull base center. Twenty-two patients were treated for sphenoid wing meningiomas by resection and reconstruction with split calvarial bone graft and, for more than half of the patients, also with free abdominal fat graft. The main outcome measures were aesthetic evaluation of patients and analysis of tumor control using computed tomographic scans, survival, and complications. RESULTS: A total of 24 resections were performed on 22 patients. The average follow-up was 14.6 months. All patients had meningiomas with similar preoperative presentations, and for 21 of the 22 patients aesthetic reconstruction resulted in the near symmetry of the 2 sides. All patients are currently alive, those who underwent complete resection are without recurrence, and 15 (68.2%) did not incur complications. One patient experienced a worsening of temporal wasting following radiation therapy. CONCLUSION: Reconstruction of the defect with split calvarial bone and free abdominal fat grafts affords the patient excellent aesthetic results as well as good symmetry, as demonstrated by a postoperative computed tomographic scan.     

Management of bone-invasive, hyperostotic sphenoid wing meningiomas

OBJECT: The hyperostosis frequently associated with sphenoid wing meningiomas is actual invasion of bone by the tumor. The intracranial portion of the tumor is usually thin with en plaque spread, and the tumor tends to invade the orbit through the superior orbital fissure. METHODS: The authors reviewed the records of 67 patients with sphenoid wing meningiomas who underwent surgery at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences between 1994 and 2004. In all 67 cases, the surgery was performed by the senior author. Seventeen of the patients had the distinguishing characteristics of hyperostotic sphenoid wing meningiomas-extensive bone invasion, en plaque dural involvement, and a minimal intracranial mass with minimal orbital involvement. In all patients, hyperostosis was determined on the basis of preoperative neuroimaging. Histopathological evaluation of bone specimens was performed in 14 cases. Estrogen and progesterone receptor expression and Ki 67 labeling were evaluated in all specimens. Chromosome analysis was performed in all tumors resected since 2001 (seven cases). Particular attention was paid to removing all involved bone and dura mater. RESULTS: Total removal was achieved in 14 cases (82.3%), with only one recurrence (7.1%) over a mean follow-up period of 36 months (range 5-72 months). Radical resection was followed by cranioorbital reconstruction to prevent enophthalmos and to obtain good cosmetic results. No deaths or serious complications occurred in association with surgery. Proptosis was corrected in all cases and visual acuity improved in seven (70%) of 10 cases. Revision of the orbital reconstruction was required because of postoperative enophthalmos (two cases) or restricted postoperative ocular movement (one case). CONCLUSIONS: Sphenoid wing meningiomas frequently invade bone, although such invasion does not represent malignancy. These lesions are generally histologically benign. Total removal with a prospect for cure and visual preservation should be the goal of treatment. This requires extensive drilling of the invaded bone and extensive excision of the involved dura. When the optic canal is involved, it should be decompressed. Extensive bone resection should be followed by cranioorbital reconstruction for good cosmesis and to prevent enophthalmos.     

腓肠内侧动脉穿支皮瓣修复上下肢创面

目的介绍吻合血管的腓肠内侧动脉穿支皮瓣修复上下肢创面的临床方法和经验。方法采用吻合血管的腓肠内侧动脉穿支皮瓣修复上下肢创面11例，女6例，男5例。皮瓣设计区域为同侧小腿，腓肠内侧肌肌腹以远1／2的表面部分，前内界为胫骨的内后缘，后外侧界为小腿后正中纵轴线，皮瓣的轴行线为前内界和后外侧界的中线。皮瓣长8～15cm，宽6～14cm。结果10例皮瓣成活，皮瓣质地柔软，富有弹性，不臃肿，恢复了一定的触觉；1例皮瓣全部坏死，经扩创、断层皮片修复创面；不影响供区的运动功能。结论腓肠内侧动脉穿支皮瓣可以用来修复上下肢创面，尤其对手足部创面的修复有较为满意的临床疗效。     

Management of meningiomas en plaque of the sphenoid wing

OBJECT: The authors present their findings on growth patterns in a large series of surgically treated meningiomas en plaque of the sphenoid wing. METHODS: A retrospective case analysis was performed in 67 patients (53 of whom were female) harboring meningiomas en plaque originating from the sphenoid wing, who underwent surgery between 1991 and 2002. The standard surgical approach consisted of pterional craniotomy and extradural resection of any infiltrated bone. The intracranial tumor was removed, and the dura mater and bone were reconstructed. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 118 months (mean 45.7 months). Total macroscopic resection was achieved in 40 patients. Forty-eight meningiomas extended to the orbital roof and/ or the lateral orbital wall, 34 involved the extraconal space, and eight the intraconal space. Fifty-four tumors involved the superior orbital fissure, 46 the optic canal, and 21 the inferior orbital fissure. Twelve tumors infiltrated the cavernous sinus and 27 involved the anterior clinoid process. There were no deaths in this group of patients; the rate of minor morbidity was 11.9% and the rate of major morbidity was 3%. Subtotal resections were performed in 27 patients because there was intraorbital tumor (eight patients), tumor in the cavernous sinus (nine patients), tumor beyond the tentorial notch (three patients), tumor invading the superior orbital fissure (four patients), and tumor of the skull base (three patients). Five patients underwent postoperative three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, which resulted in stable tumor volume at follow up. Tumor recurrence was identified in seven patients (10.4%) postoperatively (range of follow up 13-47 months). CONCLUSIONS: The goal of surgery is complete tumor removal without morbidity. An exact analysis of tumor growth and its involvement of different structures is mandatory before performing surgery.