中国6~17岁儿童青少年超重肥胖流行特征

目的 分析我国6~17岁儿童青少年超重肥胖流行情况,为制定肥胖防治策略提供科学依据。方法 利用"2010-2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测"中6~17岁儿童青少年调查资料,分析我国儿童青少年超重肥胖现状。6岁儿童采用WHO 2007年推荐的分年龄性别BMI超重肥胖判定标准判定超重肥胖,7~17岁儿童青少年采用《中国学龄儿童青少年超重和肥胖预防与控制指南》中的分年龄、性别的BMI超重肥胖判定标准进行判定。结果 6~17岁儿童青少年超重率和肥胖率分别为9.6%和6.4%,其中城市儿童青少年超重率和肥胖率分别为11.0%（男生：12.8%,女生：9.0%）和7.7%（男生：9.7%,女生：5.5%）,农村儿童青少年超重率和肥胖率分别为8.4%（男生：9.3%,女生：7.4%）和5.2%（男生：6.2%,女生：4.1%）。按家庭经济收入水平分,高、中和低家庭收入儿童青少年的超重率分别为12.3%、10.7%和8.2%,肥胖率分别为8.6%、7.2%和5.7%。结论 2012年,我国6~17岁儿童青少年超重肥胖表现为城市高于农村,男生高于女生;患病率与家庭经济收入水平有关。     

The 6th nationwide anthropological survey of children and adolescents in the Czech Republic in 2001

The 6th nationwide anthropological survey (NAS) of children and adolescents was carried out in the Czech Republic in 2001 to continue the series of surveys repeated at 10-year intervals since 1951 (with the participation of the Slovak Republic up to 1991). The major objective was to find out the following body measurements of children and adolescents: body height and weight, and head, arm, waist and hip circumferences. Questionnaires were used to find out the body measurements of parents (body height and weight) and some socio-economic characteristics of the child's family (number of siblings, education of parents, breast feeding duration, birth weight and length, child's physical activities, TV watching time, computer gaming time, etc.). A school children questionnaire focused on eating habits was also part of the survey in 2001. A total of 59,000 children aged 0.00 to 18.99 years, i.e. about 3% of the population of the same age range, were enrolled in the survey in 2001. The results obtained presented in diagrammatic and tabular forms are reference standards for monitoring growth of the Czech children and adolescents from birth to the age of 19 years. The survey revealed a substantial slowdown in the long-term trend in body height increase for both boys and girls. The most marked increase in the mean body height is currently recorded in boys at the prepubescent age while the pubescent girls show a practically zero increase for this parameter. A more marked increase in body height at the adult age is not expected any more, but the increase in body height and weight at the prepubescent age is likely to continue for some time. The 6th NAS showed a marked slow down to a stop in the trend in the mean body weight increase. No increase in the mean body weight has been recorded in pubescent girls since the 1970's and in pubescent and postpubescent boys since 1991. Nevertheless, the younger age groups, namely those of preschool and primary school children, continue to show increase in the mean body weight. The secular trend in body weight has been less pronounced compared to that in body height. The rates of overweight and obese children (as assessed by body mass index, BMI) have risen in most age groups of school children compared to those reported in 1991. In contrast, a slight decrease in the rate of overweight children can be seen in boys starting from the age of 16 years and in girls starting from the age of 13 years. The obesity prevalence rate is significantly higher in boys than girls. Statistical analysis confirmed a correlation between the BMI values in children and education of parents (the higher the education, the lower the rate of overweight children) and between the BMI values and the population size of the community where the child lives (the higher the population, the lower the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity). Single children suffer more frequently from overweight and obesity than those with siblings.     

中国2～18岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖筛查体重指数界值点的研究

目的 研究中国2～18岁儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数(BMI)界值点.方法 在中国0～18岁儿童青少年BMI生长参照值的基础上,根据常用的超重、肥胖筛查界值点选择方法(与成年人界值点接轨法、百分位法或Z分值法),初步分别确定[BMI 24kg/m2 (BMI24)、28 kg/m2(BMI28)]、(P85、P95)和(Z1、Z2)三组界值点,通过对不同界值点进行差值和检出率比较,并与中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)和国际肥胖问题工作组(IOTF)的超重、肥胖界值点做对比分析,最后确定适宜界值点.结果 按照不同的超重、肥胖筛查BMI界值点选择方法获得三组界值点,不同界值点之间存在不同程度差异,但在超重合并肥胖检出率上差异相对较小.与WGOC相比,男章超重、肥胖及女童肥胖界值点非常接近,女童在8.5～15.5岁其超重界值点比WGOC标准低0.3～1.0 kg/m2,通过筛查"2004年北京市儿童代谢综合征调查"数据库,女童超重检出率比WGOC标准高约3.4%.结论 采用与成年人界值点接轨法(BMI24、BMI28)获得的中国2～18岁儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查BMI界值点是适宜的,实现了在使用BMI指标上年龄的连贯性和筛查标准的一致性.     

大连市儿童青少年体重指数分布状况

目的探讨大连市儿童青少年体重指数的分布特征,为预防儿童青少年的超重、肥胖提供相关依据。方法整群抽取大连市区1635名儿童青少年进行身高和体重测量。按照中国肥胖问题工作组（WGOC）推荐的“中国儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查BMI值分类标准”诊断超重与肥胖。结果大连市儿童青少年体重指数随着年龄的增加而增加,年龄越大BMI值越大;男生不同年龄、女生不同年龄BMI值之间差异有统计学意义;对同一年龄不同性别儿童青少年BMI值进行Z检验,结果表明除7岁、9岁年龄组外,其他年龄段男女生BMI值之间差异均有统计学意义,且男生BMI值均高于女生;不同年龄男生肥胖率变化趋势无明显的规律性,女生肥胖率在9岁后逐年下降,而超重率在10岁后却逐年上升。结论应重视儿童青少年超重、肥胖的预防工作。     

2009-2018年上海市6~17岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖的变化趋势

目的 分析2009-2018年上海市6~17岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖的变化趋势,为预防和控制儿童青少年超重肥胖提供依据。方法 采用2009-2018年上海市连续10年的学生常见病监测项目横断面调查数据,选取资料完整的523 112名6~17岁儿童青少年作为研究对象。超重和肥胖判定标准采用2007年世界卫生组织(WHO)制定的儿童青少年生长参照标准(WHO标准)。采用多元线性回归模型分析儿童青少年体重指数变化趋势,Logistic回归模型分析超重和肥胖率的变化趋势。结果 2018年上海市6~17岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖总体检出率分别为19.37%、10.78%,男生分别为22.33%、16.27%,女生分别为16.31%、5.13%,超重和肥胖检出率男生均高于女生(超重:χ²=253.26,P<0.001;肥胖:χ²=1 404.73,P<0.001)。调整年龄、性别后,超重和肥胖率分别由2009年的16.94%、9.22%增加至2018年的19.37%、10.78%(P_趋势<0.001)。结论 2009-2018年上海市6~17岁儿童青少年体重指数、超重和肥胖率均呈增加趋势,增长速度放缓,但仍处于流行状态。     

天津市儿童青少年肥胖与血压现状及关系

目的 了解天津市儿童青少年肥胖和血压现状及其关系,为有针对性地制定儿童青少年血压偏高防控策略提供理论依据.方法 2019年9月,采用分层整群抽样的方法,选取天津市16个区94所中小学7～17岁儿童青少年30403人为研究对象.采用标准方法测量身高体重和血压.采用SPSS 24.0进行χ2检验、方差分析和二元logist...     

西安市城区2009年7~18岁儿童、青少年超重和肥胖流行病学调查

【目的】 了解西安市城区儿童、青少年超重和肥胖的发病情况。 【方法】 随机整群抽取西安市城区7~18岁中小学生13 994人,采用体质指数(body mass index,BMI)诊断超重和肥胖。采用三次样条对西安市7~18岁儿童青少年体重、身高和BMI百分位数进行拟合,将身高,体重P₅₀,及BMI的P₈₅、P₉₅百分位数值与2005年中国全国标准进行比较。 【结果】 西安市城区7~18岁中小学生超重总发病率为10.42%,男生和女生分别为11.85%和8.83%;肥胖总发病率为4.67%,男生和女生分别为4.92%和4.40%。男生身高P₅₀值在10~15岁(除12岁)比全国标准稍低,男女体重和女生身高P₅₀中位数与全国数值基本接近;男生BMI的P₈₅、P₉₅数值与2005年全国水平基本接近;女生P₈₅和P₉₅值在14岁以前与全国水平基本接近,15岁后有所减低。 【结论】 西安市中小学肥胖发病率在17年间增加了一倍,制定预防儿童超重和肥胖的有效措施势在必行。     

北京市2004年2-18岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖流行现状

目的分析北京市2～18岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖检出率水平及分布特征.方法利用2004年北京市儿童代谢综合征调查总样本中21 198名2～18岁人群的体重指数数据,分别采用中国（WGOC标准）、美国疾病预防控制中心（CDC 2000标准）和国际肥胖工作组（IOTF标准）推荐的儿童青少年超重和肥胖体重指数分类标准计算超重和肥胖检出率.结果北京市2～18岁儿童青少年合并超重（包括肥胖）检出率、肥胖检出率分别是18.6%和8.1%（CDC 2000标准）,17.4%和5.1%（IOTF标准）;根据WGOC计算的7～18岁合并超重检出率和肥胖检出率是20.9%和8.9%.学龄儿童（6～18岁）的合并超重率高于学龄前儿童（19.8%：14.8%,CDC 2000标准）;学龄儿童中,男性高于女性（26.7%：16.5%,WGOC标准）,城市高于农村（27.0%：15.9%,WGOC标准）;学龄前儿童城乡间差异无统计学意义.结论北京市有1/5的儿童青少年超重或肥胖,居国内最高水平.儿童青少年肥胖已经成为北京市一个重要公共卫生问题,需要引起社会高度关注.     

杭州市7～18岁儿童青少年体质指数标准研究

目的研究杭州市7～18岁儿童青少年体质指数（BMI）分布、超重和肥胖的检出率。方法抽取21536名杭州城区17所小学和12所中学学生作为研究对象,以国际生命科学会中国肥胖问题工作组（WGOC）颁布的“中国儿童青少年超重、肥胖体质指数筛查分类标准”作为参考标准,对学龄儿童青少年进行体质指数研究。结果杭州市男性学龄儿童青少年超重（P85）和肥胖（P95）普遍要高于WGOC标准;女性学龄儿童青少年超重（％）7—10岁组要稍高于WGOC标准,大于10岁各年龄组的超重BMI值都要低于WGOC标准;而肥胖（P醅）各年龄组的值均低于WGOC标准。各年龄组超重与肥胖检出率男生平均高达23．5％和10．0％,女生也有14．0％和4．9％。结论杭州市学龄儿童青少年超重和肥胖的流行水平较高,尤其是男性学龄青少年,应尽快将超重和肥胖的防治列入学校卫生工作的重点,开展适宜的健康教育,引导学生和家长建立正确的生活习惯和健康观念。     

Major increase in prevalence of overweight and obesity between 1987 and 2001 among Danish adults

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the secular trends in the prevalence of obesity (BMI >or= 30.0 kg/m(2)) and overweight (25.0 相似文献   

广东省2002-2012年6~17岁儿童青少年超重/肥胖变化趋势分析

目的 分析2002-2012年广东省6～17岁儿童青少年超重/肥胖的流行状况及其变化趋势。方法 2002年营养调查采用多阶段分层与整群随机抽样方法,在全省抽取13个监测点共7 075名6～17岁儿童青少年进行调查。2009-2012年的广东省居民营养调查采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,在广东省9区/县城乡调查点抽取2 319名6～17岁儿童青少年,进行身高和体重测量。结果 2009-2012年广东省6～17岁儿童青少年平均超重率和肥胖率分别为7.3%和4.5%,男生超重率和肥胖率（8.9%和6.5%）均高于女生（5.3%和2.2%）,城市超重率和肥胖率（9.3%和5.6%）均高于农村（4.7%和3.2%）;以9～11岁组超重率（8.8%）和肥胖率（6.0%）最高。与2002年比较,除城市女生肥胖率下降外,城市男生、农村男生和女生的超重率和肥胖率均明显上升,其中农村超重和肥胖增幅高于城市,男生增幅高于女生。结论 广东省6～17岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖率较2002年有较大上升,其中农村、男生和9～11岁超重/肥胖比例较高,应重点关注。     

Percent body fat cutoff values for classifying overweight and obesity recommended by the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) in Korean children

OBJECTIVE: To predict the percent body fat (%BF) cutoff values corresponding to overweight and obesity recommended by the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) in Korean children and to compare those values with the published cutoff values in Caucasian children. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: The sample consisted of 1083 Korean children and adolescents (555 boys and 528 girls) aged 7-18 years from 3 schools. Body mass index (BMI) and %BF using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer were measured. The classification of overweight and obesity was based on the age- and sex-specific BMI cutoff values of the IOTF guidelines. RESULTS: The predicted %BF cutoff values for overweight and obesity varied by age and sex: overweight, 17-22% in boys and 24-37% in girls; obesity, 24-30% in boys and 30-53% in girls. Those %BF cutoff values in older Korean boys tended to be lower than the published %BF cutoff values in Caucasian boys. While %BF cutoff values for overweight in Korean girls were similar to the values in Caucasian girls, %BF cutoff values for obesity in Korean girls aged 13-18 years were higher compared to cutoff values in Caucasian girls. CONCLUSION: The %BF values associated with the IOTF-recommended BMI cutoff values for overweight and obesity may require age- and sex-specific cutoff values in Korean children aged 7-18 years.     

Prevalence and trends in overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Denmark

AIM: To study the current prevalence and trends in overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Denmark from 1995 to 2000-2002. METHODS: Cross-sectional national dietary surveys were conducted in 1995 and 2000-2002. The analysis was based on two random population samples from the Danish civil registration system. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from self-reported height and weight for 1,026 and 1,152 children and adolescents (4-18 years), who participated in 1995 and 2000-2002, respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was defined according to the international age and gender-specific child BMI cut-off points. In the statistical analysis, overweight and obesity were included in the prevalence of overweight. RESULTS: Mean BMI increased significantly between 1995 and 2000-2002 for all combinations of age groups (4-6, 7-10, 11-14 and 15-18 years) and genders. Prevalence of overweight increased between survey years for boys and girls for all age groups (4-6, 7-10, 11-14 and 15-18 years), although formal statistical significance was not reached (p>0.05). When all children and adolescents (4-18 years) were analysed, the prevalence of overweight rose significantly from 10.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 9.0-12.8) to 14.4% (95% CI 12.5-16.3) between 1995 and 2000- 2002 (p=0.01), whereas the increase in the prevalence of obesity did not reach significance (1995, 2.3% (95% CI 1.3-3.3) vs. 2000-2002, 2.4% (95% CI 1.6-3.3); p=0.74). CONCLUSIONS: The present study revealed a significant increase from 1995 to 2000-2002 in mean BMI for boys and girls for all age groups and a significant increase in the prevalence of overweight when all Danish children and adolescents (4-18 years) were analysed.     

The epidemiology of overweight and obesity among Australian children and adolescents, 1995-97

OBJECTIVES: To determine the population prevalence of overweight and obesity among Australian children and adolescents, based on measured body mass index (BMI). To determine if overweight and obesity are distributed differentially across the population of young Australians. METHODS: Data from three independent surveys were analysed. In each, height and weight were measured by trained surveyors using valid, comparable methods. BMI (kg/m2) was used as the index of adiposity and recently published international BMI cut-off values used to categorise each subject as non-overweight, overweight or obese. RESULTS: The population prevalence and distribution of overweight, obesity and overweight/obesity combined were generally consistent across datasets. The ranges of the prevalence of non-overweight, overweight, obesity and overweight/obesity combined were 79-81%, 14-16%, 5% and 19-21% (boys) respectively and 76-79%, 16-18%, 5-6% and 21-24% (girls). There were no consistent relationships between the prevalence of overweight/obesity and sex, age or SES. Their prevalence was up to 4% higher in urban than rural areas among boys, but there were no differences between urban and rural girls. The data suggest a higher prevalence of overweight/ obesity among students from European or Middle-Eastern cultural backgrounds. CONCLUSIONS: Some 19-23% of Australian children and adolescents are either overweight or obese. Although urban/rural, SES and cultural background differentials were noted, only the last warrants a targeted health promotion response. IMPLICATIONS: Overweight/obesity is a prevalent health risk factor among Australian children and adolescents. More information is needed to understand whether targeted approaches are required for specific ethnic groups in addition to broad, population-based approaches.     

蒙古族7?18岁青少年超重肥胖25年变化趋势分析

目的 了解25(1985-2010)年间蒙古族7～18岁青少年超重肥胖长期变化趋势.方法 采用现况研究方法,应用1985、2000和2010年共计18 366人的蒙古族7～18岁青少年体质健康调研数据,分析比较不同监测年份、性别、城乡间的儿童青少年BMI均数和超重肥胖检出率.结果 25年间蒙古族7～18岁青少年BMI均数总体变化趋势为逐年升高,1985、2000和2010年超重、肥胖检出率分别为2.1％、0.5％,6.3％、2.4％和9.1％、6.6％;1985-2000年的15年间超重、肥胖率分别增长了2倍和4倍,2010年时比1985年增长4倍和12倍.1985、2000和2010年超重、肥胖检出率在城市男性中分别为1.2％、0,7.9％、3.4％和11.0％、11.8％;农村男性分别为0.6％、0.6％,2.8％、2.1％和9.0％、3.4％;城市女性分别为1.8％、0.3％,8.1％、4.3％和9.4％、8.4％;农村女性分别为4.5％、0.9％,8.8％、2.2％和10.2％、4.5％,各组间不同监测年份其超重、肥胖检出率的差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且呈逐年增加趋势.结论 1985-2010年蒙古族青少年的超重、肥胖检出率大幅上升,并有继续升高的趋势,应采取合理有效措施预防和控制肥胖的发生.     

Prevalence of overweight, obesity and thinness in 9-10 year old children in Mauritius

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: To document the prevalence of overweight, obesity and thinness in 9-10 year old children in Mauritius. METHODS: 412 boys and 429 girls aged 9-10 years from 23 primary schools were selected using stratified cluster random sampling. All data was cross-sectional and collected via anthropometry and self-administered questionnaire. Outcome measures were BMI (kg/m2), prevalence of overweight, obesity (International Obesity Task Force definitions) and thinness (low BMI for age). Linear and logistic regression analyses, accounting for clustering at the school level, were used to assess associations between gender, ethnicity, school location, and school's academic performance (average) to each outcome measure. RESULTS: The distribution of BMI was marginally skewed with a more pronounced positive tail in the girls. Median BMI was 15.6 kg/m2 in boys and 15.4 kg/m2 in girls, respectively. In boys, prevalence of overweight was 15.8% (95% CI: 12.6, 19.6), prevalence of obesity 4.9% (95% CI: 3.2, 7.4) and prevalence of thinness 12.4% (95% CI: 9.5, 15.9). Among girls, 18.9% (95% CI: 15.5, 22.9) were overweight, 5.1% (95% CI: 3.4, 7.7) were obese and 13.1% (95% CI: 10.2, 16.6) were thin. Urban children had a slightly higher mean BMI than rural children (0.5 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.01, 1.00) and were nearly twice as likely to be obese (6.7% vs. 4.0%; adjusted odds ratio 1.6; 95% CI: 0.9, 3.5). Creole children were less likely to be classified as thin compared to Indian children (adjusted odds ratio 0.3, 95% CI: 0.2, 0.6). CONCLUSION: Mauritius is currently in the midst of nutritional transition with both a high prevalence of overweight and thinness in children aged 9-10 years. The coexistence of children representing opposite sides of the energy balance equation presents a unique challenge for policy and interventions. Further exploration is needed to understand the specific causes of the double burden of malnutrition and to make appropriate policy recommendations.     

山东省中小学生体质量指数及营养过剩情况20年变化趋势分析

目的分析1985—2005年山东省儿童青少年体质量指数及超重、肥胖检出率的长期变化趋势，为控制青少年超重和肥胖提供依据。方法依据1985，1995和2005年山东省学生体质健康调研资料，计算城乡7～18岁中小学生的体质量指数（BMI），采用《中国学生超重、肥胖BMI筛查标准》进行超重和肥胖筛检。结果1985—2005年的20a间，山东省儿童青少年BMI明显增长，城男、城女、乡男、乡女分别平均增长2．57，1．46，1．71和0．93kg／m^2。1985，1995和2005年7～18岁超重总检出率城男分别为3．08％，11．94％，17．53％，城女分别为2．68％，7．17％，10．53％，乡男分别为0．74％，3．11％，11．04％，乡女分别为1．50％，2．61％，7．01％；肥胖检出率城男分别为0．52％，5．28％，14．48％，城女分别为0．30％，3．22％，6．81％，乡男分别为0．03％，0．56％，7．09％，乡女分别为0．11％，0．22％，4．72％，均呈不断上升趋势。结论儿童青少年超重和肥胖已成为严重的公共卫生问题，必须引起高度重视。应采取政府参与、多部门协作的综合干预措施。     

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Irish school children, using four different definitions

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Irish children using four different weight-for-height methods and to examine secular trends from previous national data. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey. Weight and height were measured according to standard procedures and used to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity using four weight-for-height methods of assessment, actual relative weight, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention body mass index (BMI) for age charts for boys and girls, the BMI reference curves for the UK 1990 and the International Obesity Task Force age- and sex-specific BMI cutoffs. SETTING: The survey was carried out between 2003 and 2004 in the Republic of Ireland. SUBJECTS: Random representative sample of 596 children aged 5-12 years. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Irish children is high, but varies considerably with each method. The prevalence of obesity in boys ranged from 4.1 to 11.2 % and in girls from 9.3 to 16.3%. Between 1990 and 2005, depending on the method used, there was a two-to-fourfold increase in obesity in children aged 8-12 years. CONCLUSION: It is evident given the variation displayed in the prevalence of obesity when using the different methods, that there is a discernible need for a single definition to identify the obese child in Ireland. The findings show a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in Irish school children and the increase in the prevalence of obesity over the last 15 years highlights this growing public health issue.     

宝鸡市区7～18岁儿童青少年生长发育及营养状况调查分析

目的 研究宝鸡市区7～18岁儿童青少年生长发育及营养现况,为改善中小学生生长发育和营养状况提供科学依据。方法 随机抽取宝鸡市区7～18岁27 114名儿童青少年,测量身高和体重,计算体重指数(BMI)。依据2009年九省/市数据制定的标准评估营养情况。结果 除10~至12~岁,男生身高显著高于女生(P<0.05);各年龄段男生体重均显著高于女生(P<0.05);除15~、16~岁,各年龄段男生BMI值显著高于女生(P<0.05)。男生14岁、女生12岁后身高显著高于全国水平,而10岁前全国水平高于本地男、女生身高(P<0.05);男生10岁后、女生各年龄段体重均显著高于全国水平(P<0.05);各年龄段男、女生BMI均值显著高于全国水平(P<0.05)。生长迟缓、低体重、消瘦、超重和肥胖的检出率分别为2.6%、1.5%、9.1%、13.7%和8.5%,男生检出率均显著高于女生(P<0.05)。各学龄组间生长迟缓、低体重、消瘦和肥胖检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 宝鸡市区儿童青少年存在营养双重负担,超重/肥胖率高于营养不良1.6倍,应有针对性的防控。     

我国学龄儿童青少年血压与超重和肥胖的相关性研究

目的阐明儿童青少年时期高血压与超重和肥胖的相关性，为成年期疾病的早期预防提供相关依据。方法利用全国学生体质健康监测网络2004年监测结果，应用相关和偏相关分析的统计方法对146211名7～17岁儿童青少年的血压和体重指数的分布进行分析。结果各年龄组SBP和DBP均值均呈体重正常组〈超重组〈肥胖组的趋势；男生体重正常组高血压患病率为1．6％，超重组为4．2％，肥胖组为9．9％，女生高血压患病率也为体重正常组〈超重组〈肥胖组，差异均有统计学意义。对BMI与SBP及DBP进行相关分析，BMI与SBP的相关系数为0．392，BMI与DBP的相关系数为0．305（P〈0．05），与SBP和DBP的偏相关系数分别为0．240和0．171（P〈0．05）。同时，对各省城乡儿童青少年的血压偏高患病率与超重肥胖患病率进行Spearman等级相关分析，各省城乡儿童青少年收缩压和舒张压都高的患病率与肥胖患病率都有显著相关。结论儿童青少年超重和肥胖与高血压有显著的相关性。预防儿童青少年高血压应从预防超重和肥胖做起。