端粒酶活性检测对良恶性腹水鉴别诊断的价值

目的 通过检测腹水脱落细胞端粒酶活性，探讨端粒酶对良恶性腹水鉴别诊断的价值。方法 用半定量端粒重复序列扩增法(TRAP)，检测38例恶性腹水患者(恶性腹水组)和22例良性腹水患者(良性腹水组)腹水中脱落细胞端粒酶活性。结果 肝硬化、结核性腹膜炎患者腹水中脱落细胞未检出端粒酶，而癌性腹水94．7％端粒酶阳性。所有细胞学检查阳性的恶性腹水中端粒酶均为阳性，而3例细胞学检查阴性但端粒酶阳性的恶性腹水，复查细胞学检查，其中1例发现了恶性瘤细胞。结论 癌性腹水端粒酶阳性。端粒酶活性检测对良恶性腹水有重要鉴别诊断价值，尤其对细胞学检查阴性的病例。     

端粒酶活性检测联合癌胚抗原、CA19-9对良恶性胸水的鉴别诊断价值

目的 探讨端粒酶活性联合癌胚抗原(CEA)、CA19-9在鉴别良、恶性胸水中的价值.方法 入选58例胸水患者,用改良的端粒重复序列扩增-酶联免疫吸附试验法检测胸水中脱落细胞端粒酶活性,并测定胸水CEA、CA19-9.结果 恶性胸水中端粒酶活性检出阳性率为85.7%.恶性胸水患者中端粒酶活性、CEA、CA19-9测定结果均明显高于良性胸水患者(P＜0.01).联合端粒酶、CEA、CA19-9共同检测,则敏感性为0.971,特异性为1.000.结论 端粒酶在诊断恶性胸水和鉴别良、恶性胸水中具有重要的价值,联合CEA、CA19-9对良、恶性胸水鉴别诊断意义更大.     

端粒酶检测对良恶性腹水鉴别诊断的价值

目的检测腹水脱落细胞端粒酶活性，探讨端粒酶对良恶性腹水的鉴别诊断价值。方法用半定量TRAP-银染法检测38例恶性腹水和20例良性腹水(对照组)脱落细胞端粒酶活性。结果肝硬化、结核性腹膜炎腹水脱落细胞不能检出端粒酶活性，而癌性腹水94．7％端粒酶阳性。所有细胞学检查阳性的恶性腹水端粒酶均为阳性，而3例细胞学检查阴性但端粒酶阳性的恶性腹水，当复查细胞学检查时，其中1例发现了恶性瘤细胞。结论癌性腹水端粒酶阳性。端粒酶活性检测对良恶性腹水有重要鉴别诊断价值，尤其对细胞学检查阴性的患者。     

支气管肺泡灌洗液端粒酶活性测定对113例肺外周孤立结节诊断的临床研究

目的通过检测支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中端粒酶的活性,探讨BALF端粒酶活性在肺外周孤立性结节诊断中的应用价值。方法采用TRAPeze-ELISA法,检测113例经螺旋CT扫描发现的肺外周孤立性结节患者支气管镜下取得的BALF中脱落细胞端粒酶活性,并将检测结果与细胞学等结果相比较。结果54例肺癌组中端粒酶活性的阳性率为68.5%(37/54),而59例肺良性疾病组的阳性率为6.8%(4/59),肺癌组检出的敏感性为68.5%,特异性为93.2%。结论BALF中端粒酶活性测定有利于肺外周孤立性结节的定性诊断,为其中肺癌的早期诊断提供依据,同时也有利于肺癌与肺部良性疾病的鉴别诊断。     

端粒酶活性检测在良恶性腹水鉴别诊断中的价值

目的　检测腹水脱落细胞端粒酶活性,为临床鉴别诊断提供依据。方法　收集各种类型腹水脱落细胞,用ＴＲＡＰＰＣＲＥＬＩＳＡ 银染法检测腹水脱落细胞端粒酶活性。结果　肝硬化、结核性腹膜炎腹水脱落细胞不能检出端粒酶活性,而癌性腹水８５．２９％ 端粒酶阳性。结论　癌性腹水端粒酶阳性。端粒酶活性检测可作为临床良恶性腹水鉴别诊断依据之一。     

胰腺癌患者手术标本及胰液脱落细胞端粒酶活性的检测

目的 研究胰腺良，恶性患者手术标本，经ERCP所获胰液脱落细胞的端粒酶活性的表达，探索胰腺癌诊断的新方法。方法 采用TRAP-ELISA的方法检测胰腺癌细胞株，胰腺良恶性疾病组织物，胰液细胞的端粒酶活性。结果 6株胰腺癌细胞株均检测到了端粒酶活性，胰腺癌手术标本端粒酶的阳性率为63%（5/8），而4例正常胰腺组织和2例胰腺良性疾病患者的胰腺标本未检测到端粒酶活性，胰腺癌患者的胰液细胞中，有58%（11/19）检测到有端粒酶活性的表达，而胰腺良性疾病也有高达62.5%(5/8)的阳笥率，两者无差别。结论 胰腺癌组织标本中有较高的端粒酶活性表达；胰液脱落细胞检测端粒酶活性无助于鉴别胰腺良恶性疾病。     

细胞学联合端粒酶检测对贲门癌诊断价值的探讨

目的探讨胃镜直视下刷取贲门粘膜脱落细胞中端粒酶活性及细胞学对贲门癌的诊断价值.方法采用TRAP-PCR银染定性法及TRAP-PCR-ELISA定量法对72例贲门粘膜刷落细胞进行端粒酶活性分析,同时进行细胞学诊断及病理学诊断.结果贲门癌组端粒酶活性(1.521±0.192,OD值)明显高于贲门炎组(0.065±0.014,OD值),端粒酶在贲门癌组阳性率(88.89%)明显高于贲门炎组(11.11%).端粒酶在贲门癌组的阳性率明显高于贲门粘膜脱落细胞学的阳性率(77.78%).端粒酶联合细胞学诊断可使贲门癌的诊断率提高到93.33%.结论贲门粘膜脱落细胞学诊断联合端粒酶活性测定可作为诊断贲门癌特异而敏感的方法,为贲门癌大规模普查工作奠定了基础.     

食管拉网细胞端粒酶活性检测及临床应用研究

目的检测食管拉网细胞中端粒酶活性,探讨其在食管癌诊断及预后评判中的临床应用价值.方法30例食管拉网细胞标本均取自本院1998-09/1998-12住院患者.采用双腔网囊食管细胞采取器,收集脱落细胞,一部分做涂片固定,巴士染色细胞学诊断,另一部分细胞于PBS缓冲液中离心弃上清液,采用PCR-端粒重复序列扩增法检测端粒酶活性,检测时以肿瘤细胞K562作阳性对照,裂解缓冲液为阴性对照.30例食管癌患者均经手术后病理学证实.同时术后检测30例食管癌癌组织的端粒酶活性和14例癌旁正常食管粘膜组织的端粒酶活性.结果30例食管拉网标本中端粒酶活性阳性率为83.3%(25/30),相应癌组织的阳性率为96.7%(29/30).14例癌旁正常粘膜组织的阳性率为14.3%(2/14).食管拉网细胞学、癌组织与癌旁正常粘膜组织相比较,其端粒酶活性阳性率具有显著性差异(P<0.005).本组标本共30例,细胞学检查阳性18例,可疑阳性4例,阳性率为73.3%,小于食管拉网细胞学端粒酶活性检测的阳性率(83.3%),经统计学处理,两者之间无显著相关性(P<0.05).另外研究结果证实,食管拉网细胞端粒酶活性检测与各病理因素之间无差异.结论食管拉网细胞端粒酶活性检测结合细胞学检查将有助于食管癌的早期诊断.     

端粒酶在胃良恶性病变患者组织和外周血中的表达及其临床意义

目的测定胃癌、胃良性病变患者及正常人的胃组织、外周血中的端粒酶活性,以探讨端粒酶活性的表达及其在临床应用七的意义。方法应用TRAP-PCR-ELISA方法检测36例胃癌患者胃癌组织、外周血,30例胃良性病变患者胃黏膜、外周血,20例正常人胃黏膜、外周血中端粒酶的活性。结果胃癌组肿瘤组织和外周血中端粒酶阳性率分别为80．6％（29／36）、50％（18／36）。胃良性病变组胃黏膜组织和外周血中端粒酶阳性率分别为10％（3／30）、3％（1／30）。正常人胃黏膜组织和外周血中均未检测到端粒酶阳性。胃癌组中端粒酶活性与患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、浸润深度、分化程度、淋巴转移和TNM分期等临床病理参数无明显相关性（P〉0．05）。结论端粒酶活性是判断良恶性肿瘤的一个重要指标,检测外周血中端粒酶活性有助于胃癌的早期诊断．对预后监控及治疗也有重要意义。     

胆汁端粒酶活性联合血清CEA、CA19-9检测在胆道恶性梗阻诊断中的价值

目的 探讨胆汁端粒酶活性联合血清CEA、CA19-9检测对胆道恶性梗阻的诊断价值.方法 应用TRAP-ELISA法检测66例胆道恶性梗阻患者(恶性组)和28例胆管结石引起胆道梗阻患者(良性组)胆汁脱落细胞端粒酶活性,并检测血清CEA、CA19-9水平.结果 恶性组端粒酶活性、CEA、CA19-9阳性率均高于良性组(P均<0.05),端粒酶阳性率与病灶转移无相关性;胆汁端粒酶活性联合血清CEA、CA19-9检测的敏感性、特异性均高于单独检测,但无统计学意义.结论 胆汁端粒酶活性联合血清CEA、CA19-9检测可提高恶性胆道疾病的诊断率.     

Value of telomerase activity in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites

OBJECTIVE : To evaluate telomerase activity as a marker for the differentiation of benign and malignant ascites. METHODS : Exfoliated cells were harvested from various kinds of ascitic fluid and telomerase activity was determined by TRAP‐PCR‐ELISA (tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase–polymerase chain reaction–enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay). RESULTS : Telomerase activity could not be detected in the ascites of hepatic cirrhosis or peritoneal tuberculosis but was detected in 29 of 34 (85.2%) cancerous ascites. CONCLUSIONS : Telomerase activity may be present in cancerous ascites and could be used as a marker for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites.     

Diagnostic implications of telomerase activity in pleural effusions.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the diagnostic efficacy of telomerase activity for discrimination of malignant and benign pleural effusions. Pleural effusions were collected from 109 consecutive patients in whom the diagnosis was confirmed with cytological and/or histological examinations. Cytological samples were classified as malignant (n=63) and benign (n=46). Telomerase activity was determined with the polymerase chain reaction-based telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay. Telomerase activity was detected in 52 (82.5%) and nine (19.6%) samples from the malignant and benign groups, respectively, which was a significant difference. The sensitivity rate of cytological examination when combined with telomerase activity (92.1%) was significantly greater than that of cytological examination alone (53.9%). The sensitivity and specificity of telomerase activity were 82.5 and 80.4%, respectively. Diagnostic accuracy of telomerase activity was 81.6%. Telomerase activity is a highly sensitive diagnostic biomarker for malignancy and may be used as an adjunct to cytological findings in determining malignant pleural effusions.     

腹水端粒酶、DNA倍体、CEA、CA19-9和血清-腹水白蛋白梯度对良恶性腹水的鉴别诊断意义

背景:确定腹水的良恶性在临床上具有重要意义,但恶性腹水的早期诊断相对困难,临床常规检测手段的漏诊率较高,且阴性结果不能排除肿瘤。目的:探讨腹水端粒酶、DNA倍体、CEA、CA19-9和血清-腹水白蛋白梯度(SAAG)对鉴别诊断良恶性腹水的意义。方法:纳入77例腹水患者(恶性腹水组41例,良性腹水组36例),分别检测腹水端粒酶、DNA倍体、CEA、CA19-9、白蛋白和血清白蛋白含量。结果:恶性腹水组腹水端粒酶、DNA异倍体比例、CEA、CA19-9明显高于良性腹水组,SAAG明显低于良性腹水组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。腹水端粒酶和CEA的鉴别诊断准确性较高,5项指标联合检测的敏感性显著高于各指标单独检测(P0.05)。结论:腹水端粒酶、DNA倍体、CEA、CA19-9和SAAG可用于鉴别诊断良恶性腹水,联合检测可提高诊断敏感性。     

Telomerase activity in human bladder tumors and bladder washing specimens

Telomerase appears to be an important factor for the control of cellular proliferation and tumorigenesis. Enzyme activity dramatically increases in almost all human tumors. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the role of telomerase activity as a marker for bladder cancer diagnosis and follow-up. By using the PCR-ELISA based on the TRAP (telomerase repeat amplification protocol) method, telomerase activity of bladder tumors (n = 77), normal-appearing adjacent tissues (n = 21) and bladder washings (n = 37) were analyzed. Telomerase activity was detected in 87% (67/77) of cancer tissues and in 38% (8/21) of normal-appearing adjacent tissues. However, the levels of enzyme activity were significantly higher in cancer tissues than in normal-appearing adjacent tissues (p < 0.05). Telomerase activity in bladder cancer tissues was not correlated to the tumor stage or grade. During a 26 months follow-up period, disease progression occurred in 66.7% of patients with invasive tumors where telomerase activity of the normal-appearing adjacent tissue was detectable, as compared to only 14.3% for patients who showed undetectable telomerase activity in adjacent, normal-appearing tissues (p = 0.094). When telomerase activity of bladder washing fluid was compared with its corresponding tumors, sensitivity of detection was 81% and specificity was 75%. In contrast, urine cytology only yielded a sensitivity of 31% in the detection of cancer. The detection ability between telomerase activity measurement in washing fluid and cytological examination had a trend toward the telomerase measurement identifying more cancer cases than the cytologic examination (p = 0.07). In conclusion, telomerase activity is present in early-stage bladder cancer and is a potential molecular marker for bladder tumors diagnosis. The expression of telomerase activity in normal-appearing mucosa adjacent to bladder tumor is probably an indicator of disease progression. Using the telomerase activity to detect exfoliated cells in bladder washing fluids could be a useful method in adjunct to urine cytology and cystoscopy in establishing the diagnosis and follow-up of bladder cancer.     

Detection of telornerase activity and cytology in diagnosis of cardiac cancer

AIM To investigate the diagnostic significance of cytology and telomerase activity in the exfoliated cells ofcardia obtained from endoscopic brushing in the cardiac cancer.METHODS The techniques of the qualitative TRAP-silver staining and quantitative TRAP-PCR-ELISAwere employed to detect telomerase activity in the exfoliated cells of cardia obtained from endoscopicbrushing in 72 cases with cardial lesions, cytological diagnosis was made at the same time.RESULTS Telomerase activity with cardiac cancer group (1.521 ± 0. 192) was significantly higher than thatwith cardialitis group (0.065± 0.014). Positive rate of telomerase activity detected in cardiac cancer group(88.89%) was significantly higher than that with cardialitis group (11.11%), the former was significantlyhiger than cytological examination (77.78%). The diagnostic rate of cardiac cancer reached 93.33% iftelomerase activity and cytology were examined at the same time.CONCLUSION Cytology and telomerase activity in the exfoliated cardiac cells may be an effective andsensitive methods in the diagnosis of cardiac cancer. This research can be a basis for the mass screening ofcardiac cancer.     

癌性胸水细胞端粒酶活性的检测意义

目的：研究癌性胸水细胞端粒酶活性的检测意义。方法：采用端粒重复序列扩增－核酸杂交分析法检测癌性胸水细胞端粒酶活性，并将检测结果与细胞学诊断进行比较。结果：49例诊断明确的癌性胸水细胞样本中23例细胞学阳性胸水有20例端粒酶阳性，5例细胞学可疑胸水有4例端粒酶阳性，21例细胞学阴性有14例端粒酶阳性。细胞学诊断和端粒酶检测总阳性率分别为46．9％（23／49）和77．6％（38／49），二联合检测率为83．7％（41／49）。结论：胸水细胞端粒酶活性的检测有助于癌性胸水的诊断，弥补胸水细胞学诊断的不足。