产前血型IgG抗体水平的检测及其临床意义

目的探讨ABO血型不合孕妇的产前IgG抗体水平,了解IgG抗体效价异常在孕妇中所占比率及临床意义,为预防及诊治新生儿溶血病（HDN）采取有效的防治措施。方法用抗人球蛋白试管凝集法进行IgG抗A或抗B的ABO血型抗体效价检测。结果910例孕妇中,血清效价大于64者有108例,异常检出率为11.9%。IgG抗A效价大于64者有64例,检测率为11.8%;检测IgG抗B效价大于64者有54例,检测率为14.1%。讨论妊娠中IgG抗体效价与新生儿溶血密切相关,ABO血型不合的孕妇应及时作产前血清学的检测,可预防新生儿溶血病的发生及减轻胎儿受害的程度。     

新生儿溶血病的产前诊断价值

目的 对孕妇或孕前妇女的血液进行产前免疫学检查,可评估其将来生出新生儿溶血病婴儿的危险性.方法 应用血清学方法检测夫妇ABO,Rh血型,对夫妇血型不合孕妇作血型抗体筛选和抗体效价测定.结果 新生儿溶血的发生率和孕妇体内IgG抗A/B效价成正相关.结论 产前检查夫妇血型,对夫妇ABO血型不合孕妇,追踪检测IgG抗-A(B)效价,是产前预测ABO-HDN发生可能性的较简单而实用方法.     

微柱凝胶法检测1610例O型血孕妇IgG抗体效价的研究

目的探讨应用微拉凝胶法技术检测O型血孕妇血清中IgG抗A（B）血型抗体的水平，以预防新生儿溶血病的发生。方法采用BioVue系统微柱凝胶技术，为1610例丈夫为非O型的O型血孕妇进行IgG抗体效价的检测。结果1610例O型血孕妇中，IgG抗A（B）总异常率为31．7％。结论微柱凝胶技术能够快速准确的检测孕妇血清当中的IgG抗体效价，是产前预报母子血型不合而引起HDN的有效方法。     

孕期夫妇血型血清学检测与新生儿溶血病关系的探讨

目的探讨HDN血型血清学检测结果与新生儿溶血病关系。方法采用血清学方法对1680对夫妇进行ABO 及Rh(D)血型鉴定。对妻O型夫非O型者再进一步作IgG抗A(B)效价测定及抗体特异性鉴定。对Rh(D)阴性者, 查抗D IgG抗体。对产前夫妻ABO血型不合,IgG抗A(B)抗体效价≥64或有抗D抗体者,所生新生儿结合临床作ABO 及Rh血型鉴定,Combs实验,游离抗体和抗体释放实验。以验证产前IgG抗体效价与新生儿溶血病的关系。结果 1680 对夫妇中,妻O型,夫非O型者472对,占27．5％;妻Rh(D)阴性5例,占0．30％;夫妻血型不合者不规则抗体2例占 0、42%。有流产史IgG抗A(B)抗体效价>64占夫妻血型不合者24．8％。135例IgG抗A(B)效价≥64或有抗D抗体者,因母婴型不合而发病者,占32．8％。结论 1．夫妻血型不合引起的IgG抗体效价的高低,与流产次数呈正相关趋势。 2．产前IgG抗体效价高低与产后新生儿溶血病的发病率率一致。     

ABO新生儿溶血病发病与O型血孕妇IgG抗体效价的相关分析

目的探讨黄疸患儿ABO新生儿溶血病(HDN)发病与"O"型孕妇孕期免疫性(IgG)抗体效价的相关性.方法分析60例黄疸患儿血型血清学检查及其母亲产前IgG抗A(B)效价检测结果等有关资料.结果黄疸患儿ABOHDN的发病与其母亲的免疫性抗体效价高低成正相关.结论产前检测夫妇ABO血型不合,特别是"O"型孕妇的IgG抗A(B)效价,对预防和治疗ABOHDN有积极意义.     

母婴血型不合HDN患儿致敏红细胞的抗体特异性

目的:调查母婴血型不合新生儿溶血病(HDN)患儿致敏红细胞的抗体特异性,比较不同抗体致敏新生儿红细胞所致HDN的血型血清学特征.方法:对黄疸新生儿,鉴定母婴血型,做新生儿红细胞直接抗球蛋白试验(DAT),检测母婴血浆及新生儿红细胞放散液中可致敏新生儿红细胞的血型抗体以诊断HDN.结果:血型血清学诊断为HDN的252例患儿中,致敏红细胞的抗体分别为:抗-A 40例、抗-B 40例、抗-A 抗-AB 92例、抗-B 抗-AB 65例、抗-AB 4例、抗-A 抗-M 1例、抗-M 3例、抗-c 1例、抗-cE 1例、抗-E3例、抗-D 2例;由ABO血型抗体及抗-M所致HDN者DAT多为阴性或弱阳性,由Rh血型抗体致HDN者DAT均为强阳性,ABO、Rh血型抗体及抗-M致HDN患儿红细胞热放散液中致敏红细胞的抗体效价均高于血浆游离抗体.结论:被调查的HDN患儿绝大多数由来自O型母亲的IgG抗-A、抗-B及抗-AB所致,其次为抗-M及抗-E,由抗-D引起的HDN呈逐步减少的趋势.     

78例ABO新生儿溶血病筛查结果分析

目的总结我院ABO新生儿溶血病诊断经验。方法选取712例新生儿黄疸患儿及母亲血样,常规鉴定ABO血型、患儿血清学三项试验、母亲血清IgG抗-A（B）抗体效价,同时对产妇年龄、流产次数、新生儿黄疸发生的时间进行调查。结果明确ABO母婴血型不合新生儿溶血病78例,产妇年龄分布30岁以下共63例（80．8％）,有流产史共68例（87．2％）,新生儿黄疸发生3天内发生共51例（65．4％）。其中O—A型48例,O—B型30例,发病患儿母亲血清IgG抗-A（B）抗体效价1：16共0例（0％）,1：32—64共9例（11．5％）,1：128—512共56例（72．8％）,≥1：1024共13例（16．7％）。新生儿溶血病血清学放散试验阳性78例（100％）,游离试验阳性50例（64．1％）,直抗试验阳性30例（38．5％）。结论为预防ABO新生儿溶血病的发生,对孕妇做产前的ABO血型和血清IgG抗-A（B）抗体效价筛查极有必要,尤其是曾有生产史、流产史的孕妇,同时及时做新生儿黄疸的检查。     

新生儿母婴ABO血型不合溶血病的早期诊断与治疗

目的　严重新生儿母婴ABO型不合溶血病可致高胆红素脑病。本研究旨在探讨该病的早期诊断和治疗的可行性。方法　所有孕妇及其配偶于产前检测ABO血型。对于丈夫为A、B或AB型的O型血孕妇 ,则加测IgG抗A和抗B抗体效价 :新生儿出生后 ,留取脐带血进行抗人球蛋白试验、抗体释放试验和血清游离抗体测定。一旦确诊 ,立即采取光照疗法等 ,以降低胆红素。结果　 46例患儿生后 4h～ 6h内确诊 ,并给予及时干预 ,无 1例发生胆红素脑病。结论　早期诊断和治疗新生儿母婴ABO血型不合溶血病 ,可避免胆红素脑病发生     

大连地区O型血型孕妇产前ABO系统IgG抗体效价筛查

目的 检测O型孕妇ABO血型IgG抗体效价方法 用微柱凝胶法抗人球蛋白试验测定O型孕妇IgG抗体效价结果 266例O型孕妇总阳性率80.5%(214∕266).在O-A组中,其中IgG抗A效价＞64者占68.5%(63∕92).在O-B组中,IgG抗B效价＞64者占65.9%(58∕88),在O-AB组中,IgG抗A、抗B效价＞64者均占74.4%(32∕43),各组均有发生新生儿溶血病的可能讨论通过微柱凝胶免疫检测法孕妇血清血型抗体IgG效价有助于诊断新生儿溶血病,指导临床干预措施.     

519例O型血孕妇血清中IgG抗A抗B效价测定分析

新生儿溶血病（HDN）是指母婴血型不合，母血中胎儿红细胞的免疫抗体IgG通过胎盘进入胎儿血循环，发生同种免疫反应而引起的不同程度溶血。造成死胎、流产、早产等，在我国以ABO血型不合导致的新生儿溶血最为常见，本资料对我院妇产科门诊O型血孕妇行ABO血型抗体的检测，Rh血型检测，对IgG抗A、抗B高效价者进行了产前积极治疗，效果满意。     

孕妇ABO血型抗体效价检测与治疗

目的探讨AB0血型抗体效价异常与不良孕产史的关系及治疗效果。方法采用盐水试管凝集法,进行IgG抗A或抗B的ABO血型抗体效价检测;对抗体效价异常者进行中西医结合治疗。结果 228例孕妇中,血清效价≥1:128者有183例,异常检出率为80.26%;通过治疗三个疗程治愈175例,治愈率95.63%;三个疗程显效5例,占2.73%;总有效率为98.36%,效果满意。结论对有自然流产、死胎、早产、死产及新生儿溶血等不良孕产史的、女方为O型血的夫妇,开展ABO血型抗体效价检测对预防和治疗母婴血型不合溶血病有积极作用。     

542例O型血孕妇血清中IgG抗A(B)抗体效价结果分析

目的了解O型血孕妇血清中IgG抗A(B)抗体效价阳性率。方法采用间接抗人球法检测IgG抗A(B)抗体效价。结果检测效价在1∶64以上者达16.7%,且O-A组O-B组阳性率无显著性差异(P>0.05,χ2=1.72)。结论检测孕妇血清中IgG类抗体效价,≥1∶64者及时治疗,可预防和减低新生儿溶血病的发生。     

新生儿ABO溶血病相关母亲因素分析

目的观察分析孕妇血清IgG抗A（B）效价、妊娠次数及年龄因素与新生儿溶血病的相关性。方法检测母婴血型不合孕妇血清IgG抗A（B）效价,分别统计不同IgG抗A（B）效价的孕产妇中发生因ABO血型不合所致的新生儿溶血病的比率,并比较不同妊娠次数、不同年龄段的孕妇发生新生儿溶血的比率。结果孕妇不同血清IgG抗A（B）效价时、不同妊娠次数时及孕妇的不同年龄段时发生新生儿ABO溶血病的比率之间均有统计学差异（P〈0．05）,随着孕妇血清IgG抗A（B）效价的增高、妊娠次数的增加及孕妇年龄的增加,新生儿ABO溶血病的发病也增多。结论为保障母婴安全,减少新生儿溶血病的发生率,有条件时检测孕妇血清IgG抗A（B）效价,并尽量减少妊娠次数及避免高龄怀孕。     

Severe hemolytic disease of the newborn in a group B African-American infant delivered by a group O mother

Maternal-fetal ABO incompatibility is a common hematological problem affecting the newborn. In general, hemolysis is minimal and the clinical course is relatively benign, rarely causing the escalating levels of hyperbilirubinemia and significant anemia commonly associated with Rh hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). The incidence of HDN ranges from one in 150 births to 1:3000 births, depending on the degree of anemia and level of serum bilirubin. The etiology of ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn (ABO-HDN) is complex because anti-A and anti-B antibodies are composed mainly of IgM. Since only IgG antibodies cross the placenta, those pregnant women with high levels of IgG anti-A,B, anti-A, or anti-B with an ABO incompatible fetus will be the ones to give birth to an infant with ABO-HDN. We describe a case of a B/Rh positive term newborn born to an O/Rh negative African-American mother demonstrating aggressive hemolysis and a robust response of the bone marrow. This case was successfully managed with phototherapy and simple RBC transfusion without the need for exchange transfusion.     

茵陈蒿汤联合维生素C对母儿ABO溶血的临床研究

目的 分析针对母儿ABO血型不合溶血疾病患者采用茵陈蒿汤、维生素C联合用药治疗的疗效。方法 收集患母儿ABO血型不合溶血病的80例孕妇,将其随机分成两组:对照组40例,以维生素C、苯巴比妥用药治疗;观察组40例,在对照组治疗基础上加用茵陈蒿汤治疗。观察两组治疗后的IgG抗体效价疗效与新生儿黄疸、新生儿溶血症发生情况。结果 观察组治疗后的抗体效价总有效率为92.50%,高于对照组的52.50%,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组的新生儿黄疸、新生儿溶血症发生率分别为7.50%、0,低于对照组的17.50%、5.00%,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 母儿ABO血型不合溶血疾病患者采用茵陈蒿汤、维生素C联合用药治疗,可获良好的疗效,避免新生儿溶血症的出现,值得借鉴。     

Reduced susceptibility to COVID-19 associated with ABO blood group and pre-existing anti-A and anti-B antibodies

BackgroundSusceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 shows individual variability in un-vaccinated and previously un-exposed individuals. We investigated the impact of ABO blood group, titers of anti-A and anti-B, other blood group antigens, and the extracellular deposition of ABH antigens as controlled by secretor fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) status.Study design and methodsWe studied incidents in three different hospitals between April to September 2020, where un-diagnosed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients were cared for by health care workers without use of personal protection and with close contact while delivering therapy. We recruited 108 exposed staff, of whom 34 were diagnosed with COVID-19. ABO blood type, titer of anti-A and -B, blood group specific alleles, and secretor status were determined.ResultsBlood group O was associated with lower risk of COVID-19 (OR 0.39, 95 %CI (0.16–0.92), p = 0.03) compared to non-O, i.e., blood groups A, B and AB. High titer anti-A immunoglobulin G (IgG) compared to low titer was associated with lower risk of COVID-19 (OR 0.24 95 %CI (0.07–0.78), p = 0.017). High titer of anti-B immunoglobulin M (IgM) compared to no anti-B (IgM) was associated with lower risk of COVID-19 (OR 0.16, 95 %CI (0.039–0.608), p = 0.006) and the same applies to low titer anti-B (IgM) compared to no titer (OR 0.23, 95 %CI (0.07–0.72), p = 0.012).The 33Pro variant in Integrin beta-3, that is part of human platelet antigen 1b (HPA-1b), was associated with lower risk of COVID-19 (OR 0.23, 95 %CI (0.034–0.86), p = 0.028).ConclusionOur data showed that blood group O, anti-A (IgG) titer, anti-B (IgM) titer as well as HPA-1b are associated with lower risk for COVID-19.     

茵陈蒿汤对免疫小鼠ABO血型抗体产生的抑制作用研究

目的:研究茵陈蒿汤对ABO血型抗体分泌细胞的抑制作用。方法:以人A型红细胞免疫BALB/c小鼠,通过间接抗人球蛋白试验,吸收放散试验和IgG型抗-A效价的检测等观察A型红细胞免疫组和茵陈蒿汤治疗组中BALB/c小鼠体内IgG型抗-A抗体的水平变化。结果:对照组BALB/c小鼠均未捡测出IgG型抗-A抗体,免疫组BALB/c小鼠均产生IgG型抗-A抗体,茵陈蒿汤治疗组中有5只没有检测到IgG型抗-A抗体,11只BALB/c小鼠产生了IgG型抗-A抗体。间接抗人球蛋白试验,吸收放散试验和IgG型抗-A效价的检测结果显示免疫组和茵陈蒿汤治疗组IgG型抗-A水平均高于对照组(P<0.05),茵陈蒿汤治疗组抗-A水平低于免疫组(P<0.05),茵陈蒿汤治疗组抗-A效价与对照组比较无差异(P>0.05)。结论:小鼠动物试验证实茵陈蒿汤可抑制ABO血型抗体的分泌。     

Development of an ABO-ELISA for the quantitation of human blood group anti-A and anti-B IgM and IgG antibodies

An indirect ELISA system was designed for quantitation of human blood group A and B IgM and IgG antibodies. The capturing antigens are blood group substance A or B used to sensitize polystyrol microtiter plates. Bound anti-A or anti-B antibodies are revealed either directly, by development with polyclonal anti-human immunoglobulin class-specific conjugate or with more avid mouse monoclonal anti-human isotype antibodies revealed in turn by goat anti-mouse conjugate. Reproducibly, 100 ng specific anti-A IgG provided for a significant above-background signal of 0.2 at OD405 and 15 serum samples had a mean content of 3.98 +/- 8.74 micrograms (mean +/- 2 SD) (range: 0.305-12.62) of specific anti-A IgG/g total IgG. Thus one molecule specific anti-A IgG is found per 7.9 X 10(4)-3.2 X 10(6) total IgG molecules. Statistical correlations were significant between anti-A IgG levels and agglutination titer (P less than 0.05) but non-significant when the specific anti-A IgG levels of individual serum samples were compared to their total IgG content (P greater than 0.05). Dose-response signals were similar for anti-A and anti-B IgM antibodies. Reproducibility of the assay was excellent. Specificity was ascertained by various approaches involving development of primary antibodies with heterospecific antibody conjugate and adsorption of primary antibody from serum using A and B group erythrocytes or soluble A and B substances. Separation of IgM from IgG anti-A antibodies over sizing gel resulted in fractions that were immunosorbed by mouse monoclonal anti-human IgM and IgG respectively but not vice versa.     

Detection of antibodies specific for blood group antigens A and B

The measurement of anti-blood group A/B (anti-A/B) IgG antibody levels is important for ABO unmatched-organ recipients because the effective removal of the antibodies improves their prognosis. Living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) into ABO-unmatched patients tends to have a very poor outcome due to major complications such as intrahepatic bile duct complications and hepatic necrosis. Sustained bile duct complications are associated with high preoperative IgM type anti-A/B Ab titers, while patients with high preoperative IgG type anti-A/B Ab titers frequently develop sustained hepatic necrosis. There are several existing methods by which anti-A/B Ab levels can be measured, including the standard tube (TT) method, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and a flow cytometry method. Anti-A/B IgG Ab is difficult to identify by the TT method, which is the most popular method and is based on the detection of hemagglutination, because the major isotype that facilitates red cell agglutination is the pentameric IgM molecule. Therefore, we have developed a method based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) that detects the presence of the antigen-antibody complex without any labeling. This method allows us to rapidly quantitate anti-A/B IgG Ab levels.