静脉畸形骨肥大综合征的影像诊断

目的 探讨静脉畸莆骨肥大综合征影诊断的征象,材料与方法 ２５例静脉畸形骨肥大综合征行下肢静脉顺行造影,７例行下肢动脉数字减影血管造影,４例行磁共振检查,８例行彩色多普勒超声波检查。结果２５例静脉畸形骨肥大综合征下肢静脉顺行造影均有浅静脉曲线,其外侧静脉畸形占９２％明深脉病变占３６％;７例下肢动脉数字减影血管造影有动脉小分支异常,其中２例有低分流量动静脉瘘;４例磁共振检查有骨及血管畸开有骨及血管畸形     

静脉畸形骨肥大综合征1例

患者男10岁。自幼发现左下肢静脉曲张，跛行，逐年加重。查体：心胸及腹部正常。两下肢比较，庄下肢浅静脉大面积曲张呈蚓状，以外侧静脉为主，肢体增长4．0cm，对应部位周径增粗2．5cm，皮温增高0．5℃，静脉瓣功能试验（＋），未闻及血管杂音。     

MSCT血管成像对静脉畸形骨肥大综合征的诊断价值

目的:探讨多层螺旋CT血管成像对静脉畸形骨肥大综合征影像诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析6例经临床证实的静脉畸形骨肥大综合征的CT血管扫描及三维重建影像学资料。结果:6例静脉畸形骨肥大综合征多层螺旋CT均有浅静脉曲张及肢体长短及粗细差异。4例同时伴有深静脉迂曲畸形或狭窄,2例可见多发静脉石。结论:多层螺旋CT血管成像可以为静脉畸形骨肥大综合征的诊断提供比较确切的影像学诊断支持,为临床诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗提供可靠的影像学依据。     

先天性静脉畸形、组织肥大综合征44例的诊断和治疗

为探讨先天性静脉畸形、组织肥大综合征（KTS）的诊断和治疗原则,对44例KTS患者进行了回顾性研究。所有患者均行下肢顺行静脉造影检查,部分行光电容积描记（PPG）检查。非手术治疗18例,方式为使用弹性绷带或穿弹力袜。手术治疗26例,包括单纯浅静脉剥脱术12例、Guo静脉松解术5例、Guo静脉和股浅静脉带瓣移植术各为5例和4例。手术有效率为73．1％（19／26）。非手术治疗的18例病情稳定。共有31例患者获随访1－10年,病情均有没程度改善。作者认为,对KTS的处理应持审慎态度,必须结合临床表现和细致的静脉造影作综合判断。     

激光光凝综合微创治疗静脉骨肥大综合征的初步探讨

目的探讨激光光凝综合微创治疗静脉骨肥大综合征的方法,总结临床治疗体会。方法选择2003年2月至2013年12月收治的42例静脉骨肥大综合征患者,利用激光光凝技术联合血管内介入以及局部硬化剂注射等综合治疗,分析总结临床治疗经过和治疗结果。结果本组42例患者病情明显好转,血管瘤硬化,下肢曲张静脉消失、动静脉瘘消失,下肢溃疡愈合,治疗后无瘢痕。随访1～10年无曲张静脉或血管瘤复发现象,下肢增粗无加重现象。结论激光光凝技术联合血管内介入以及局部硬化注射等综合治疗,是一种较好的微创治疗静脉骨肥大综合征的方法,创伤小、恢复快、元手术瘢痕。     

64层螺旋CT下肢静脉造影诊断静脉畸形骨肥大综合征1例

患者女,15岁。生后见右下肢皮色呈紫红色改变,无搔痒不适,4年前右小腿无明显诱因出现静脉曲张;双下肢等长,双侧股动脉、动脉、胫后动脉及足背动脉搏动正常,双下肢肢围测量:髌骨下缘下15cm处右侧肢围较对侧粗3cm,踝上10cm处右侧较对侧粗4cm。右下肢深静脉彩色多普勒超声:右下肢静脉局限性狭窄,浅静脉曲张。X线平片:双下肢骨质结构未见明显异常,右侧软组织较对侧增粗,其内可见迂曲的浅静脉影。双下肢静脉CTV表现:右侧股静脉及静脉未见对比剂充盈,右大隐静脉较对侧明显增粗,小腿深静脉经增粗迂曲的穿静脉与大隐静脉相通;右侧下肢皮下脂…     

肾病综合征逆行肾静脉造影的临床价值

收集我院46例肾病综合征的48次逆行肾静脉造影(其中2例抗凝溶栓治疗后造影复查)病例，对造影肾静脉及其分枝的影像学表现及临床价值进行了初步探讨。     

CT血管造影在颅内静脉畸形诊断中的应用

目的 评价CT血管造影在诊断颅内静脉畸形中的价值与限度。材料与方法 5例经DSA证实的颅内静脉畸形病例,幕上1例,幕下4例。分别在动脉期（CTA）和静脉期（CTV）扫描采样,运用SSD和MIP进行重建。结果 CTA显示所有病灶,但没有显示颅内静脉畸形的“海蛇头”即引流静脉影像特征,而CTV不仅显示病灶,而且还显示了引流静脉“海蛇头”影像特征。结论 静脉期的CT血管造影（CTV）是诊断和随访颅内静脉畸形的有效方法,优于动脉期的CT血管造影（CTA）。     

数字化顺行性下肢静脉造影的诊断价值

目的用数字化顺行性下肢造影的应用情况,评价其诊断价值。方法采用德国SiemensAx-iomIeonosR200Fleom数字化x线胃肠机对2011年12月至2013年3月158例（172条）下肢进行顺行性静脉造影检查。结果单纯性下肢浅静脉瓣膜关闭功能不全80条（46．5％）,交通静脉瓣膜关闭功能不全12条（7．0％）,深静脉瓣膜关闭功能不全33条（19．8％）,下肢深静脉血栓36条（20．9％）,髂静脉受压综合征5条（2．9％）,静脉畸形骨肥大综合征2条（1．2％）,静脉瘤3条（1．7％）。结论数字化下肢静脉造影是一种安全易行、图像清晰度高、对比度好、分辨率高、检查结果直观、确切的检查方法,能给临床明确诊断及治疗提供可靠的影像诊断依据。     

单纯下肢深静脉顺行造影诊断髂静脉压迫综合征

目的: 探讨单纯下肢深静脉顺行造影诊断髂静脉压迫综合征的临床应用价值.材料和方法: 用SIEMENS R200多功能X线机进行单纯下肢深静脉顺行造影并分析其表现.结果: 62例髂静脉压迫综合征的髂静脉均良好显示,髂静脉受压段管径增宽、局部密度减低、充盈缺损、管腔闭塞及侧枝循环形成、造影剂排空延迟.结论: 单纯下肢深静脉顺行造影诊断髂静脉压迫综合征可作为常规首选检查.     

Klippel—Trenaunay综合征动脉DSA检查的影像探讨

目的：探讨Klippel-Trenaunay综合征在患肢动脉DSA检查中的影像表现及意义。方法：分析10例Klippel-Trenaunay综合征的患肢动脉DSA的影像表现。结果：10例Klippel-Trenaunay综合征患肢中静脉回流明显提早显影、有微、小动静脉瘘4例,患肢动脉二、三级小分支明显增多9例,软组织内造影剂聚集6例,软组织内血管瘤1例。结：动脉DSA检查开拓了我们对Klippel-Trenaunay综合征的进一步认识。     

Thrombosis after phlebography: A comparison of two contrast media

In two studies 267 consecutive patients with suspected leg vein thrombosis were examined by an¹²⁵I-fibrinogen uptake test (¹²⁵I-FUT) and by phlebography. The ionic meglumine calcium metrizoate (Isopaque Cerebral) was used as the phlebographic contrast medium in 161 patients, and the non-ionic metrizamide (Amipaque) was used in 106. In these two groups 47 and 41 patients, respectively, had normal phlebograms as well as an initially normal¹²⁵I-FUT. After phlebography 29 (62%) of the patients who had received meglumine metrizoate had a significant rise in fibrinogen uptake, while such a rise was not found in patients examined with metrizamide. Repeat phlebography showed fresh deep-vein thrombosis in seven of the nine patients with increased uptake, indicating a complication rate of 48%. Consequently, we now use metrizamide in leg phlebography; because of its expense a radioisotope test is employed as a screening procedure. This work was supported by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council (14X-2872) and the Swedish Association against Heart and Lung Diseases.     

Klippel－Trenaunay综合征的X线诊断

笔者报告４０例Ｋｌｉｐｐｅｌ－Ｔｒｅｎａｕｎａｙ综合征的Ｘ线诊断，着重分析了静脉造影表现。其特征性表现为：肢体外侧有纵向走行的异常浅静脉（９５％），部分病例可伴有深静脉畸形（２５％）和肌肉海绵状血管瘤（２２．５％）。笔者根据静脉造影表现，将本病分为四型：单纯浅静脉异常型、深静脉异常型、海绵状血管瘤型和混合型。     

Peripheral MR Angiography of Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital vascular disease of unknown etiology that affects one or more limbs. It is characterized clinically by three physical findings (the so-called triad): port-wine stain hemangioma, hypertrophy of the bony and/or soft tissue, and varicose veins. A review of the medical literature in 1999 revealed about 1,000 case studies. We present here the case of a patient with clinical diagnosis of KTS studied using peripheral magnetic resonance angiography.     

Klippel-Trenaunay综合征的影像表现分析

Klippel-Trenaunay综合征(静脉畸形骨肥大综合征)是一种较少见的血管类型的疾病,自1962年国内最先由李鹤鸣报道3例病例之后,陆续有相关病例的个案报道及一些有关的病例分析[1～4] ,不少外科医师及放射科医生由于对于该病认识不足,易造成误诊。本文通过对证实为K -T综合征的6例病例的X线及血管造影影像进行分析并结合相关文献对该病进行总结及分析。1　材料与方法对6例K -T综合征病例的X线及血管造影进行影像学分析,其中男4例,女2例,年龄16～40岁。发病部位均为下肢,发病于股骨2例,发病于胫骨4例,其中有1例患者其祖父亦有类似病变(已死亡…     

Genitourinary involvement in pediatric patients with Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome

BackgroundKlippel-Trenaunay Syndrome (KTS) is a genetic vascular malformation disorder which induces a variety of phenotypic expression in patients which differ in terms of severity/location. While previous studies have documented genitourinary (GU) complications in adult KTS patients, documentation of the scope and incidence of GU involvement in the pediatric population with imaging findings is currently limited. This study represents the largest KTS genitourinary review to date.ObjectiveTo assess the incidence, scope, clinical findings and imaging characteristics of GU pathology in pediatric KTS patients.Materials/MethodsUsing a retrospective data analysis design, the charts and imaging studies of pediatric KTS patients were reviewed. All patients received care at a specialized vascular clinic within a multicenter tertiary care system. Variables studied included age, age at KTS diagnosis, gender, urologic involvement, and age of urologic complication.Results58 patients were identified. 33 were male and 25 were female. 10 patients had GU findings. Three of these patients had multifocal GU involvement (greater than 1 finding). Urologic manifestations were diverse with 9 distinct diagnoses involving 6 unique organs. Renal, vesical and scrotal pathologies were most common. Hematuria was the most common presenting symptom in 30% (3/10). Previously unreported findings (labial swelling, renal lymphatic cysts) were identified. The average age of KTS diagnosis was 4.9 years. The average age of documented GU complication and involvement was 7.6 years.ConclusionSignificant GU complications due to KTS can occur in the pediatric population. Early clinical and imaging characterization of these conditions is important for management, family education and early intervention strategies.     

Incompetent perforating veins: comparison of varicography and ascending phlebography

A comparison of the accuracy of incompetent perforating vein visualization using varicography and ascending phlebography is reported. A technique for varicography is described. Sixty-one legs of 50 patients were examined using both methods. In the calf, varicography and ascending phlebography were almost equally accurate, but for the demonstration of incompetent perforating veins of the gastrocnemius muscle and midthigh, varicography was considerably more accurate. It is concluded that varicography is a safe, simple, and accurate method for demonstrating incompetent perforating veins and complements the more conventionally employed ascending phlebography.