生地黄药材指纹图谱研究

目的:建立生地黄药材的HPLC指纹图谱,为药材的质量控制提供科学依据.方法:采用Grace Allitma C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),以乙腈-水为流动相梯度洗脱,检测波长为203nm,在45min内获得生地黄药材的指纹图谱.采用国家药典委员会的中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统生成对照指纹图谱,并进行相似度分析.结果:建立了生地黄药材的指纹图谱,确定了11个共有峰,13批药材的指纹图谱与对照指纹图谱的相似度在0.849-0.987.结论:该方法稳定可靠,信息量大,可为生地黄药材质量控制标准的制定提供参考.     

杜仲药材HPLC指纹图谱及其共有模式的建立

目的用高效液相色谱法建立杜仲药材的指纹图谱分析方法。方法采用Lichrospher C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)分析柱,甲醇-0.1%磷酸水为流动相,梯度洗脱,体积流量为1.0mL/min,检测波长为230nm,柱温30℃。结果共有11个共有峰,采用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2004A版)》,计算各被测样品的HPLC指纹图谱的整体相似度,10批被测样品的色谱指纹图谱的整体相似度在0.574~0.958,并得出了杜仲药材的对照指纹图谱。结论该指纹图谱方法简便、重现性好,可专属性地研究杜仲药材的指纹图谱,为有效地控制杜仲药材的内在质量提供了科学依据。     

金莲花药材高效液相色谱指纹图谱研究

目的：建立金莲花药材高效液相色谱（HPLC）指纹特征图谱的方法.方法：采用Phenomenex GeminiC18柱（4.6 mm ×250 mm,5μm）、乙腈-0.1％磷酸为流动相梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温35℃,检测波长230 nm,用国家药典委员会颁布的中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统（2004A版）进行相似度评价.结果：建立金莲花药材指纹图谱,确定31个共有峰,指认了5个色谱峰,金莲花各药材指纹图谱与共有模式相似度均在0.85以上.结论：HPLC指纹图谱为金莲花药材质量的更有效控制提供了依据.     

海南胡椒药材的HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的建立胡椒药材的指纹图谱,为胡椒的质量控制提供新方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法,选用YMCC18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水(65∶35);体积流量为1mL/min;检测波长为245nm。结果建立了胡椒药材的指纹图谱,并检测了不同来源10批胡椒药材HPLC指纹图谱,相似度较高,并且利用"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价软件"生成了胡椒药材的对照指纹图谱,共有指纹峰12个,各色谱峰分离良好;对比分析4批市售胡椒粉HPLC指纹图谱与对照图谱的相似度。结论所建立的胡椒药材的指纹图谱有良好的精密度、重现性、稳定性,适于胡椒的质量控制。     

蒲黄的HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的建立蒲黄药材的指纹图谱分析方法,为蒲黄的质量控制提供新方法。方法采用反相高效液相色谱法,YWG-C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为0.05%磷酸水溶液-乙腈系统,线性梯度洗脱,检测波长254nm,进样量为5μL。结果建立了蒲黄药材的HPLC指纹图谱,以香蒲新苷峰为参照峰,确立了蒲黄药材指纹图谱中的12个共有峰,测定了8批蒲黄HPLC指纹图谱与对照图谱的相似度。结论所建立的HPLC指纹图谱有很好的精密度、重现性和稳定性,适用于蒲黄药材的质量控制。     

苗药血人参的HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的:建立苗药血人参药材的HPLC指纹图谱分析方法,为提高该药材的质量控制水平提供理论依据。方法:采用高效液相色谱法,以Phenomenex Synergi 4μHydro-RP 80A(250×4.6mm)为固定相;流动相为甲醇-乙腈-水,梯度洗脱,流速1.0m L/min;检测波长285nm;柱温30℃。测定分析贵州产16批血人参药材的指纹图谱,采用相似度评价、聚类分析、主成分分析3种模式识别方法进行指纹图谱分析比较。结果:测定的血人参药材指纹图谱有7个共有峰,共有峰的相对保留时间RSD为0.063%~0.43%,较全面的反映该药材中化学成分的信息。结论:建立的血人参HPLC指纹图谱测定方法,具有良好的稳定性和重复性,为苗药血人参药材的质量控制提供了参考依据。     

苍术药材HPLC特征指纹图谱研究

目的:建立中药苍术的HPLC特征指纹图谱分析方法,为科学评价和有效控制其质量提供科学依据。方法:采用菲罗门C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈(A)-水(B),流速为1.0 mL/min;检测波长为337 nm。结果:不同来源的14批苍术药材有8个共有峰,其HPLC指纹图谱基本一致,但共有峰面积的比值有一定差异。结论:通过HPLC建立了苍术药材的指纹图谱分析方法,该方法稳定、可靠,重现性好,为苍术药材的鉴定和质量评价提供了科学依据。     

玉叶金花高效液相色谱指纹图谱研究

【目的】建立玉叶金花药材高效液相色谱(HPLC)指纹图谱的分析方法。【方法】采用HPLC法,色谱柱为Diamonsil C18(2)(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相条件为甲醇—体积分数0.5%冰醋酸溶液,梯度洗脱,流速:1.0 mL/min;检测波长265 nm;柱温25℃;记录时间65 min;使用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2004年A版)进行数据处理,对不同产地的玉叶金花药材指纹图谱的相似度进行比较分析。【结果】通过分析10批药材的HPLC图谱,确定了11个峰为指纹图谱的共有峰,构成了玉叶金花药材的色谱指纹图谱特征。【结论】所建立的方法精密度、稳定性和重复性良好,为该药材的鉴别及质量评价提供了新的依据。     

广东岗梅药材的HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)建立岗梅药材的指纹图谱。方法采用RP-HPLC方法,色谱柱为phenomenex-C18柱(250×4.60mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.2%磷酸水溶液梯度洗脱;流速:1.0ml/min;柱温:室温;检测波长为203nm。结果该方法可使岗梅药材中各成分较好分离,检测了不同来源10批岗梅药材,并根据检测结果确定了11个共有指纹峰,相似度较高,建立了岗梅HPLC指纹图谱共有模式。结论建立的HPLC指纹图谱准确、简便、可靠,为岗梅的质量控制提供更全面的信息。     

龙血竭药材的HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的：建立龙血竭药材的HPLC指纹图谱分析方法。方法：采用高效液相色谱法,以Agilent Zorbax Extend C18柱（4.6mm×250 mm,5μm）为色谱柱;以甲醇-1%冰醋酸溶液为流动相梯度洗脱;检测波长270 nm;流速1.0 mL/min;柱温40℃。结果：建立了龙血竭药材的HPLC指纹图谱,确定了14个共有峰,各龙血竭样品指纹图谱与对照指纹图谱的相似度均在0.9以上。结论：该方法简单、准确、重复性好,为更好地控制龙血竭药材的质量,提供了有效可靠的方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.