依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死36例临床观察

目的 观察新型自由基清除剂依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的疗效.方法 将脑梗死患者72例随机分为2组,治疗组36例,对照组36例.对照组给予常规治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上加用依达拉奉30mg加生理盐水100ml中静滴,2次/d.结果 21d后观察治疗组神经功能缺损评分明显低于对照组(P＜0.01),治疗组的总有效率显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 依达拉奉有保护脑神经元作用,并能有效改善急性脑梗死的神经功能缺损.     

巴曲酶联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的评价巴曲酶联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效和安全性。方法采用随机对照试验,选择192例急性脑梗死,随机分为2组,治疗组给予巴曲酶、依达拉奉,对照组给予基本治疗,均于治疗前与治疗后21 d评价神经功能。结果治疗组21 d后总有效率95.2%,明显优于对照组62.5%。神经功能缺损评分与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论巴曲酶联合依达拉奉在治疗急性脑梗死方面有明显疗效,能明显减轻神经功能损伤。     

大株红景天联合依达拉奉治疗骨科围术期脑梗死临床观察

目的观察大株红景天联合依达拉奉对骨科围手术期脑梗死患者的临床疗效。方法对照组32例按急性脑梗死给予依达拉奉30mg静滴,2次/d,以清除自由基脑保护,并给予改善循环、营养脑细胞、脱水降颅压等基础治疗;治疗组33例在对照组基础上给予大株红景天注射液10mL静滴,1次/d,共14d。治疗后观察并比较2组患者的纤维蛋白原、神经功能缺损评分等差异。结果与对照组相比,治疗组在纤维蛋白原指标有明显改善(P0.05),神经功能缺损评分明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论大株红景天注射液联合依达拉奉治疗骨科围手术期脑梗死患者能够改善神经功能缺损评分,降低纤维蛋白原,具有显著疗效,值得临床推广应用。     

依达拉奉联合氯吡格雷治疗急性脑梗死疗效分析

目的评价依达拉奉注射液联合氯吡格雷治疗急性脑梗死(acute cerebral infarction,ACI)的临床疗效。方法选择发病72 h内的急性脑梗死患者70例,随机分为依达拉奉加氯吡格雷组35例(治疗组)及常规治疗组35例(对照组),进行神经功能缺损评分和日常生活能力(ADL)评分,神经功能缺损评分采用美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NI HSS),ADL评分采用Barthel指数。结果治疗组与对照组NI HSS,ADL评分在治疗后7 d、14 d、21 d均有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论依达拉奉和氯吡格雷联合治疗能有效改善急性脑梗死患者神经功能缺损和日常生活能力,能显著改善预后。     

依达拉奉联合棓丙酯治疗急性脑梗死的疗效分析

目的 研究依达拉奉、棓丙酯联合应用治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效.方法 选择120例急性脑梗死患者,随机分为对照组60例和治疗组60例.对照组应用复方丹参,治疗组依达拉奉、棓丙酯联合应用,2组其他内科治疗相同.结果 14d和30d评定神经功能缺损的有效率对照组分别为20.0% 和40.0%,依达拉奉、棓丙酯联合治疗组为43.3% 和76.7%,2组间治疗后14d、30d的神经功能缺损评分值比较,均有显著性差异(P＜0.05).治疗组治疗后的神经功能恢复明显优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 依达拉奉联合棓丙酯治疗急性期脑梗死的疗效显著.     

依达拉奉联合纳络酮治疗急性脑梗死的疗效

目的 探讨依达拉奉联合纳络酮治疗急性脑梗死的疗效.方法 120例进展型脑梗死随机分为纳络酮组(对照组)和依达拉奉联合纳络酮治疗组(治疗组).分别对两组治疗前、治疗14 d后的神经功能缺损及临床疗效进行评价.结果 两组治疗后14 d的神经功能缺损较治疗前均有显著改善P＜0.01,治疗组与对照组比较有显著性差异P＜0.01.治疗14 d后临床疗效评价治疗组总有效率(85%)较对照组(71.67%)有显著性差异P＜0.01.结论 依达拉奉联合纳络酮治疗急性脑梗死能保护脑细胞,有效改善神经功能.     

依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死30例

目的 观察依达拉奉注射液治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效及安全性.方法 选择起病5天内的急性脑梗死患者66例,随机分为治疗组(30例)和对照组(36例),对照组采用常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗基础上,加用依达拉奉.两组分别于治疗前和治疗后第10天进行神经功能缺损评分及疗效评定.结果 治疗组显效(17/30),对照组显效(12/36),两组疗效比较P＝0.053;每组治疗后与治疗前神经功能缺损评分比较,均有极显著差异(P＜0.01);治疗组与对照组治疗前后评分差值比较,有显著差异(P＜0.05).结论 依达拉奉能促进急性脑梗死患者的神经功能改善.     

依达拉奉和尿激酶联合治疗急性脑梗死的临床观察

目的 探讨依达拉奉联合尿激酶治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效及其安全性.方法 符合入选标准的急性脑梗死患者60例,随机分人依达拉奉联合尿激酶治疗组30例,对照组30例单用尿激酶,于治疗前及治疗后1、7、14、21d对患者进行神经功能缺损评分和21d后疗效比较.结果 治疗后7、14、21d治疗组神经功能缺损与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),治疗21d后治疗组显效率和有效率与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),治疗组不良反应发生率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 依达拉奉联合尿激酶治疗急性脑梗死疗效肯定,应加以应用.     

依达拉奉联合低分子右旋糖酐治疗急性脑梗死60例疗效观察

目的探讨依达拉奉联合低分子右旋糖酐治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法将60例急性脑梗死患者,随机分为依达拉奉联合低分子右旋糖酐治疗组30例,对照组30例,于治疗前及治疗后14 d对患者神经功能缺损程度及临床效果进行评定。结果治疗后治疗组神经功能缺损评分明显低于对照组,临床疗效优于对照组,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论依达拉奉联合低分子右旋糖酐治疗急性脑梗死疗效显著,不良反应少,可在临床广泛推广。     

依达拉奉联合血塞通注射液治疗急性脑梗死26例疗效观察

目的 分析依达拉奉联合疏血通注射液治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效.方法 我院2009-06-2011-06收治急性脑梗死患者52 例,随机分为治疗组与对照组各26例,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用依达拉奉注射液与疏血通注射液静滴,对照组予疏血通注射液静滴,2组均以14 d为1个疗程;所有患者均同时使用脱水剂、脑保护药治疗2 周.于治疗前及治疗结束第14 天进行神经功能缺损评分及疗效评价.结果 治疗组治疗结束第14 天神经功能评分及临床疗效均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 依达拉奉联合血塞通注射液治疗急性脑梗死临床疗效显著优于单用血塞,且不良反应小,可显著改善患者预后.     

Denervation study of synapses of organ of corti of old world monkeys

Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

Limits of deinstitutionalization--perspectives of relatives of psychiatric patients

After a hopeful beginning, the social process of the reintegration of those with severe mental illness has come to a standstill. I am led to wonder whether "the community" really wants to live together with people suffering from severe mental illness, and if so, how closely? As long as the medical treatment of mental illness provided by the general practitioners is fundamentally deficient, as they are not able to prescribe the necessary interventions--such as out-patient psychiatric nursing, and service providers in the out-patient sector are content with offering increasingly intensive forms of care for the less seriously ill at the cost of the Social Welfare System--the reintegration of those with serious mental illness remains an illusion--which is mainly to the benefit of providers of residential care in homes and hostels.     

Sense of coherence as a predictor of subjective state of health: results of 4 years of follow-up of adults

A number of cross-sectional population studies have shown that a strong sense of coherence (SOC) is associated with various aspects of good perceived health. The association does not seem to be entirely attributable to underlying associations of SOC with other variables, such as age or level of education. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study reported here was to determine whether SOC predicted subjective state of health. METHODS: The study was carried out as a two-way panel mail survey of 1976 individuals with 4 years interval for two collections of data. The statistical method used was multivariate cumulative logistic modeling. Age, initial subjective state of health, initial occupational training level, and initial degree of social integration were included as potential explanatory variables. RESULTS: A strong SOC predicted good health in women and men. CONCLUSIONS: SOC can be interpreted as an autonomous internal resource contributing to a favorable development of subjective state of health. SOC data should, however, be regarded as complementary to and not a substitute for information already known to be associated with increased risk of future ill health.