Peripheral Nerve Discharge Elicited by Manual Acupuncture at Zusanli （ST 36） Regulates Blood Pressure in Anesthetized Rats

目的：麻醉状态下观察手针大鼠后肢足三里穴位引起的支配该穴区的特异性神经束放电以及由此诱发的相应靶器官血压波动效应。方法：将水合氯醛麻醉处理的雄性大鼠随机分为针刺组、利多卡因注射后针刺组（穴位邻近区域肌肉注射2％利多卡因后进行足三里手针刺激）并设生理盐水注射后针刺组（穴位邻近区域肌肉注射生理盐水后进行足三里手针刺激）作为对照。持续记录足三里针刺过程中大鼠右颈动脉血压变化并同时记录分析相应的神经束放电情况。结果：以一定手法手针大鼠足三里能够引起明显的特异性神经束放电并引起相应动脉血压的下降（P〈0．05），而在穴位邻近区域注射利多卡因后上述现象消失。结论：手针大鼠足三里能够诱发支配穴位的特异性外周神经放电，该神经信号可能通过躯体心血管反射参与调节体内的血压变化。     

Study of Neuropathways of Acupuncture Effect on Functional Regulation and Disease Treatment

目的：探讨针刺信息调整自主神经功能和治疗疾病的神经通路机制，揭示针刺穴位和靶组织、器官效应的相互关系。方法：以大鼠和小鼠为对象，对躯体性针刺或电刺激下的传入神经反应特征、自主神经功能调控的重要机制之一的躯体-交感反射（一种躯体-自主神经反射）、谷氨酸神经递质的中枢性调控作用以及相应靶组织和靶器官反应的研究进行了回顾和分析。结果与结论：手针或电针刺激动物后三里穴位可以诱发支配后三里穴区的传入神经放电，而直接电刺激传入神经可模拟此过程。在外周躯体传入神经如胫神经直接给予电刺激，可在支配内脏的自主神经传出神经如交感神经上反射性诱发一个电位，该过程定义为躯体-交感反射。研究显示中枢神经系统的兴奋性谷氨酸类神经递质参与了该反射的调控。另一方面，研究显示动物后三里等穴位的躯体刺激如电针刺激可抑制小鼠后肢炎症痛的躯体感觉传入和肠易激综合症大鼠的结直肠痛的内脏感觉传入，其中脊髓GABA和NMDA受体被证明分别参与了前后过程。     

颈部脊柱推拿对健康志愿者自主神经功能的影响

目的 脊柱推拿是传统医学的治疗方法之一。根据中医学脏腑经络相关理论,观察颈部脊柱推拿对自主神经系统功能的调节作用。方法 选择成年健康男性志愿者,通过对受试者颈部进行推拿操作,包括触压双侧颈椎横突（C2-5水平）、左右旋转和扳法,以心率和心率变异性的改变为指标,观察推拿前后自主神经系统紧张性的改变。结果 对30名正常成年男性志愿者的观察结果表明,推拿后心率显著降低（R-R间期延长）;时域分析中SDNN显著性增加,频域分析中总功率谱显著性增加。以上结果皆提示迷走性张力增高。结论 颈部脊柱推拿可调节自主神经系统张力,提示了针灸推拿方法治疗临床心血管疾病如心律失常的可能性。     

Comparing the Effects of Distilled Rehmannia glutinosa,Wild Ginseng and Astragali Radix Pharmacopuncture With Heart Rate Variability (HRV): A Randomized,Sham-controlled and Double-blind Clinical Trial

This study compared the effects of distilled Rehmannia glutinosa, Wild Ginseng and Astragali Radix pharmacopuncture on the autonomic nervous system and heart rate variability. The purpose of the trial was to observe the influence distilled Astragali Radix, Wild Ginseng and Rehmannia glutinosa pharmacopuncture have on the autonomic nervous system. 120 healthy male volunteers were divided into four groups, which consisted of three experimental groups and a control group. This study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Volunteers in experimental groups were underwent pharmacopuncture at GB21 (Kyonjong), and volunteers in the control group were injected with normal saline at GB21 (Kyonjong). Heart rate variability was measured seven times: before and after injection, every 5 minutes for 30 minutes. The result was distilled Rehmannia glutinosa, Wild Ginseng and Astragali Radix pharmacopuncture in healthy adult males tended to activate the autonomic nervous system, particularly the sympathetic nervous system.     

Effects of Qi-training on heart rate variability

This study investigates changes in autonomic nervous function through Qi-training. The power spectrum of heart rate variability (HRV) was examined in 20 sedentary healthy subjects and 20 Qi-trainees. It was found that Qi-training in healthy young subjects during controlled respiration increases the high frequency (HF) power and decreases the low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) power ratio of HRV. These results support the hypothesis that Qi-training increases cardiac parasympathetic tone. In addition, Qi-trainees were found to have higher parasympathetic heart modulation compared with their age-matched, sedentary counterparts. This augmented HRV in Qi-trainees provides further support for long-term Qi-training as a possible non-pharmacological cardio-protective maneuver. In conclusion, Qi-training may stabilize the autonomic nervous system by modulating the parasympathetic nervous system.     

电针内关、间使对恐惧情绪状态心率及心率变异性的影响

目的：探讨电针内关、间使对恐惧情绪状态心率及心率变异性的影响。方法：将120例健康试验者随机分为针刺组和对照组,各60例,分别给予恐怖音频刺激20 min后,针刺组接受电针双侧内关、间使穴刺激20 min,出针后继续静卧20 min;对照组在清醒状态下静卧40 min。同时用心电记录仪记录整个过程中心率和心率变异性的变化。结果：本试验分听音频后心率上升和听音频后心率下降或不变两部分作分析。与听音频20 min差值比较,听音频后心率上升者针刺/对照20 min平均心率、HF、LF/HF差异有统计学意义（P约0.05）;听音频后心率下降或不变两组静息20 min平均心率、RMSSD、HF差异有统计学意义（P约0.05）。结论：电针内关、间使对自主神经调节有即刻效应和后效应,且能双向调节惊恐引起的自主神经功能紊乱,可兴奋或抑制迷走神经功能,从而治疗疾病。     

针刺调节心率变异性作用机制的研究进展

心率变异性是反映自主神经系统活性和定量评估交感神经与迷走神经张力及其平衡性的客观指标。目前国内外对针灸调节心率变异性进行了大量研究,其中多数研究认为针灸可以兴奋迷走神经,抑制交感神经,从而增强自主神经的整合功能。在今后的研究中,应从病种选择、对照设置、长时程评价等方面加以研究,以更加全面、客观地评价针刺对心率变异性的调节作用。     

颈椎拔伸法的操作特征及其运动学与动力学参数分析

  目的：对颈椎拔伸法的运动学和动力学参数进行客观化描述,为颈部推拿手法操作的规律性研究提供数据支持  方法：以1名临床工作经历在25年以上的推拿专业主任医师为施术者,9名健康志愿者为受试者。施术者对受试者进行颈椎拔伸法操作,采用高速红外运动捕捉系统和测力台获取拔伸法操作过程中的动力学和运动学参数  结果：在颈椎拔伸法操作过程中,受试者的颈椎平均拔伸长度为(8.80±3.09)mm,平均拔伸角度为(16.67±6.61)°;施术者足底合力平均增加(353.76±44.08)N,受试者足底合力平均减少(353.48±45.29)N  结论：颈椎拔伸法操作具有一定规律的运动学和动力学参数,为推拿手法操作的客观化评价提供了参考依据。     

Effects of Acupuncture on the Constipation in Rats Model

目的观察针刺对便秘大鼠模型排便功能的影响.方法利用复方地芬诺酯复制便秘大鼠模型,观察针刺"合谷"、"后三里"对大鼠首次排便时间、12 h排便粒数和排便重量的影响.结果模型组大鼠首次排便时间延长、大便粒数和重量显著减少;针刺治疗后,便秘大鼠首次排便时间显著缩短,12 h大便重量和粒数明显增加.结论针刺能够显著改善便秘大鼠的排便功能.     

Therapeutic effect observations on treatment of urticaria with acupuncture plus garlic-partitioned moxibustion

针刺配合隔蒜灸治疗顽固性荨麻疹46例,并与单纯针刺治疗30例对照观察,结果观察组总有效率91.3%;对照组总有效率73.3%.说明针刺配合隔蒜灸较单纯针刺治疗顽固性荨麻疹效果更好.     

针刺对心率变异性影响的研究进展

心率变异性检测是一种无创的且能较好地对心脏自主神经功能和临床疗效进行判断和评估的手段,在基础研究和临床研究上应用广泛。近年来开展了许多针刺对心率变异性影响方面的研究,初步证明针刺能够降低交感神经的活性,提高迷走神经张力,调节交感神经和迷走神经的平衡,增高HRV,能够降低心脑血管疾病发生的概率和改善心脑血管疾病的预后。     

Curative effect of special acupuncture techniques on female urethral syndrome and its relationship with the course of treatment

Purpose To observe the curative effect of special acupuncture techniques on female urethral syndrome and its relationship with the course of treatment.Method Four abdominal and four sacral empirical points were acupunctured with special techniques and electricity. A difference in curative effect was investigated between different numbers of treatments. Results The clinical cure rate reached 15.2% just after ≤ 10 (7.3 ± 1.3) treatments. The curative effect was significantly better after 20-40 (32.1 ± 5.8) treatments than after ≤ 10 (7.3± 1.3) treatments (χ2 = 10.086, P ＜0.05). The clinical cure rate reached 43.5% in the former. Conclusion Special acupuncture techniques have a good clinical effect on female urethral syndrome. The curative effect improves with an increase in the number of treatments.     

针刺结合龙氏手法对神经根型颈椎病的镇痛作用研究

目的比较针刺结合龙氏手法与单纯针刺治疗神经根型颈椎病的镇痛作用。方法按随机对照方法,治疗组采用龙氏手法结合针刺,对照组采用单纯针刺方法。通过观察简化McGill疼痛问卷及疗效标准以评定疗效。结果治疗组总有效率为97.23%,对照组为90.91%,疗效比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但在VAS、PPI、PRI上,治疗组均优于对照组。结论龙氏手法结合针刺更有利于神经根型颈椎病的止痛。     

Observations on the curative effect of acupuncture on cardiac vegetative neuropathy of diabetes

将36例糖尿病Ⅱ型患者分为西药组和针刺组,分别予降糖药物和针刺治疗.治疗前患者血糖、HbA1,各项心脏植物神经功能试验均异常.治疗1个月西药组血糖及HbA1显著下降,而其余各项指标均无显著变化.针刺组血糖HbA1无显著变化,但乏氏指数、立卧位心率差、30/15R-R期间比值、异常项目数均显著改善.说明针刺可以改善心脏植物神经功能.     

Acu-TENS lowers blood lactate levels and enhances heart rate recovery after exercise

ObjectiveThe primary aim of this study is to investigate the effect of application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation over acupuncture points (Acu-TENS) on post-exercise blood lactate level. The secondary aim is to explore the effect of Acu-TENS on heart rate recovery and its association with autonomic nervous system.MethodsTwenty healthy subjects (mean age 26.9 ± 1.3) acting as their own controls, were randomized to receive either Acu-TENS or Placebo-TENS as the first of two intervention protocols, implemented one week apart. During Acu-TENS, subjects received 45 min TENS bilaterally over the acupoints Neiguan (PC6). Subjects receiving Placebo-TENS had identical electrode placement but with no electrical output from the TENS unit despite an active output light. Interventions were followed by a 10-min ergometer exercise at 70% age-predicted maximal heart rate. Oxygen consumption and heart rate (HR) were recorded continuously throughout exercise. Blood lactate and blood pressure were taken at 4 time points: prior to, immediately after, at 15-min after exercise, and when HR had returned to baseline values.ResultsThe post-exercise blood lactate level in the Acu-TENS group was lower than that of the placebo group by 1.12 ± 0.39 mmol/L (p = 0.01). The Acu-TENS group also had a faster return of HR to pre-exercise level compared to placebo (9.98 ± 4.54 min, p = 0.047). Heart rate variability analysis inferred reduced sympathetic modulation during exercise after Acu-TENS. There was no between-group difference in post-exercise oxygen consumption.ConclusionAcu-TENS lowered post-exercise blood lactate level and enhanced heart rate recovery after moderate exercise. The role of Acu-TENS in exercise performance and energy metabolism warrants further investigation. (ClinicalTrails.gov Identifier: NCT01102634)     

近10年针灸Cochrane系统评价文献可视化分析

[目的] 通过可视化分析评估针灸系统评价的现状,分析针灸临床研究存在的问题。[方法] 通过检索Cochrane Library数据库中2011年1月—2021年11月收录的针灸相关系统评价文献。主要干预方式为针灸、电针、穴位按压、经皮电刺激、艾灸,根据纳排标准筛选、建库统计。采用Excel、Cytoscape、Gephi软件进行可视化分析。[结果] 共检索到329篇针灸系统评价文献,符合纳入标准88篇。文献发表国家集中在中国、澳大利亚、英国;发文机构主要集中在中国香港玛丽医院、澳大利亚帕克维尔皇家妇女医院等,机构间合作不紧密;作者以Daniel KL Cheuk、Car－oline A Smith发文最多,作者间合作交流较少;以针灸防治疼痛管理的文献引用次数最多,其次是针灸防治偏头痛、穴位按压防治恶心呕吐等;治疗结果以针灸治疗痛症、泌尿生殖系统疾病、神经系统疾病为主;干预方式仍然以传统针灸为主;结果分布主要是阴性结果;证据充分度以低等证据为主。[结论] 针灸低质量临床研究将影响针灸临床疗效和安全性评价,要不断明确针灸的最佳参数;不断完善针灸临床设计方案、选择合理的对照,完善针灸病种的核心指标集及针灸临床评价体系,提高针灸临床研究及论文的质量。     

Influence of Brain-activating Acupuncture on Cerebral Histomorphology in Rats with Focal Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion

目的：探讨局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠病理学改变以及针刺的干预作用。方法：采用线栓法建立缺血再灌注模型，应用“醒脑开窍”针法并通过电镜与光镜来观察缺血侧大脑皮层形态结构的变化。结果：脑缺血再灌注可引发大鼠脑神经元、胶质细胞、毛细血管等结构损伤，针剌可改善脑缺血周围区超微结构损伤。并且发现在3h时间点给予针刺干预较其他时间点理想。结论：针刺对局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑神经细胞超微结构损伤具有保护作用。在3h内给予针刺干预可以收到满意的效果。     

Use of Pupil Size to Determine the Effect of Electromagnetic Acupuncture on Activation Level of the Autonomic Nervous System

Magnetic fields are widely considered as a method of treatment to increase the therapeutic effect when applied to acupoints. Hence, this study proposes a new method which creates significant stimulation of acupoints by using weak magnetic fields. We conducted this experiment in order to confirm the effect on the activation level of the autonomic nervous system by measuring pupil sizes in cases of stimulation by using manual acupuncture and electromagnetic acupuncture (EMA) at BL15. We selected 30 Hz of biphasic wave form with 570.1 Gauss. To confirm the biopotential by the magnetic flux density occurring in EMA that affected the activation of the autonomic nervous system, we observed the biopotential induced at the upper and the mid left and right trapezius. We observed a significant decrease in pupil size only in the EMA group (p < 0.05), thus confirming that EMA decreased the pupil size through activation of the parasympathetic nerve in the autonomic nervous system. Moreover, we confirmed that the amplitude of the biopotential which was caused by 570.1 Gauss was higher than ±20 μA. Thus, we can conclude that EMA treatment successfully activates the parasympathetic nerve in the autonomic nervous system by inducing a biotransformation by the induced biopotential.     

极泉穴不同操作对神经根型颈椎病疗效的影响

目的:观察极泉穴不同手法操作对神经根型颈椎病引起的上肢感觉异常的改善程度.方法:将107例患者随机分为3组.提插组37例采用极泉穴提插手法操作;捻转组36例采用极泉穴捻转手法操作;常规针刺组34例,穴取C4-T1夹脊、曲池等.结果:提插组总有效率达91.9%,显著优于捻转组的58.3%(P<0.005)和常规针刺组的76.5%(P<0.05),而捻转组和常规针刺组临床疗效接近(P>0.05).结论:极泉穴配合提插手法量学操作可显著改善神经根型颈椎病引起的上肢感觉异常.     

Treatment of 67 cases of child hip-joint semiluxation by massage manipulation reposition

为探讨按摩手法复位治疗小儿髋关节半脱位的临床疗效.采用按摩手法复位治疗髋关节半脱位患儿67例.治愈62例,好转5例,总有效率100%.按摩手法复位是治疗小儿髋关节半脱位的有效方法.