人骨髓间充质干细胞的分离培养及表型分析

目的体外分离培养人骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)并研究其生物学特性,为进一步实验研究打下基础.方法通过密度梯度离心法及贴壁培养分离纯化人骨髓中的单个核细胞、体外培养传代、倒置相差显微镜观察细胞生长情况、瑞氏染色及透射电镜观察细胞形态及结构、绘制生长曲线、流式细胞仪检测细胞表面标记及增殖周期、免疫细胞化学及细胞化学染色对分离培养细胞进行鉴定.结果原代和传代培养的细胞以成纤维样为主,有较强的生长增殖能力;流式细胞仪检测细胞表面标记:CD29、CD105阳性,CD34阴性;细胞周期分析:90%以上的细胞处于G0/G1期;细胞CD106、纤维连接蛋白表达阳性,CD45、CD14及层连蛋白、胶原蛋白Ⅱ表达阴性,细胞糖原(PAS)染色强阳性,细胞碱性磷酸酶(ALP)染色阴性.表明细胞不是造血细胞且未向成纤维细胞、成骨细胞、软骨细胞分化,而是处于未分化阶段的间充质干细胞.结论通过密度梯度离心法及贴壁传代培养可以分离纯化MSCs以满足下一步实验研究,该细胞具有特殊的生物学特性.     

兔外周血间充质干细胞生物学性状的研究

目的应用G—CSF动员骨髓干细胞后分离外周血间充质干细胞（MSCs）,并体外培养扩增然后进行鉴定。方法应用密度梯度离心法和贴壁培养法分离、培养兔外周血MSCs,并用显微镜观察细胞形态,测定细胞的生长曲线并用流式细胞仪鉴定。结果@MSCs于体外培养2h开始贴壁生长,细胞形态为梭形、多角形及纺锤状等。传代MSCs变为形态均一、排列有序的长梭形细胞,增殖活跃,细胞平均倍增时间为30h;②流式细胞仪检测MSCs表面抗原CD34、CD45呈阴性表达,CD44呈阳性表达。结论采用密度梯度离心法和贴壁法可以有效获得应用G—CSF动员后的外周血MSCs,且细胞纯度高,生长增殖活性好。     

应用全骨髓贴壁法获取高纯度大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的实验研究

目的 探讨体外获取高纯度大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的方法.方法 应用全骨髓贴壁法体外分离培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,进行传代培养,倒置显微镜下观察细胞形态并测定其生长曲线,流式细胞术检测细胞周期,免疫细胞化学法鉴定细胞表面标志CD34、CD44及CD45.结果 获取的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞形态呈均一成纤维细胞样,并呈集落样生长.细胞生长曲线示,在传代后的第4-5天细胞开始明显增殖,进入指数增生期.细胞周期显示81.49%P3代细胞为G0/C1期,经免疫细胞化学染色结果显示CD44阳性,CD34、CD45阴性.结论 体外应用全骨髓贴壁法可以分离培养出高纯度的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,而且此法简单易行、经济.     

小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的体外培养和鉴定

目的建立一种实用高效的小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)的体外分离培养方法,并进行初步表型鉴定。方法采取贴壁细胞分离法分离和培养MSCs。倒置显微镜观察原代及传代细胞的形态及生长过程,使用免疫细胞化学方法进行MSCs的初步表型鉴定。结果 MSCs贴壁生长,形态均一,呈成纤维缓胞样,生长状态良好。免疫细胞化学检测显示:CD44、CD105、CD34阳性率分别为94.3%、82.3%、3.3%。结论采用贴壁培养法可分离培养出高纯度的MSCs。     

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞体外分离培养的实验研究

目的:探讨大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)体外分离、培养的适宜条件。方法:采用密度梯度离心法结合贴壁分离法分离培养大鼠骨髓MSCs,观察其形态,流式细胞仪检测细胞表面标记,MTT法观察不同浓度的胎牛血清(FBS)对MSCs生长曲线的影响及不同代MSCs的生长曲线和细胞贴壁率。结果:大鼠MSCs呈梭形或纺锤形,CD34、CD45表达阴性,CD44表达71.5%、CD166表达83.2%;MSCs用10%的FBS培养,其增殖明显高于用无血清、5%及20%的FBS培养;第1、3、5、10代MSCs的生长曲线及细胞贴壁率无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:密度梯度离心法结合贴壁分离法适于大鼠MSCs的分离;10%的FBS适合MSCs的培养;早期传代对MSCs的增殖无影响。     

小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的体外培养和鉴定

目的建立一种实用高效的小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)的体外分离培养方法,并进行初步表型鉴定。方法采取贴壁细胞分离法分离和培养MSCs。倒置显微镜观察原代及传代细胞的形态及生长过程,使用免疫细胞化学方法进行MSCs的初步表型鉴定。结果 MSCs贴壁生长,形态均一,呈成纤维缓胞样,生长状态良好。免疫细胞化学检测CD44、CD105、CD34阳性率分别为94.3%、82.3%、3.3%。结论采用贴壁培养法可分离培养出高纯度的MSCs。     

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的分离培养及表型和功能特点

目的 建立体外分离纯化、培养扩增大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs)的方法，探讨其表型和功能特点。方法 用密度梯度离心结合贴壁培养法分离纯化大鼠骨髓MSCs，传代扩增，测定生长曲线，通过形态学观察，细胞化学及免疫细胞化学法分析大鼠骨髓MSCs的表型和功能特点。结果 MSCs属骨髓中单个核细胞，密度梯度离心结合贴壁培养法能有效分离纯化大鼠骨髓MSCs，在含10％小牛血清的L-DMEM中，1、3、5代细胞生长曲线基本相同，增殖快，每传代一次细胞约增加2．2倍。细胞呈均一的成纤维细胞样，表达CD44、CD54、纤维粘连蛋白(fibronectin，FN)、Ⅰ型胶原(collagenⅠ)。加入地塞米松(Dex 10^-8mol／L)、β-甘油磷酸钠(β-GP 10mmol／L)、抗坏血酸(AA50μg／ml)可诱导MSCs分化为成骨细胞，碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase，ALP)活性增高，形成矿化结节。结论 所分离、培养的细胞具有间充质干细胞的表型和功能特点，建立了体外分离纯化、培养扩增大鼠骨髓MSCs的方法。     

两种培养方法在猪自体骨髓间充质干细胞培养的比较研究

目的 比较应用单纯直接贴壁法和密度梯度离心结合直接贴壁法两种方法分离、纯化、扩增猪骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)的培养效率,为临床应用提供理论依据和实验方法.方法 取滇南小型猪的骨髓液用单纯直接贴壁法和密度梯度离心结合贴壁培养法两种方法分离猪骨髓间充质干细胞,体外培养扩增,绘制其生长曲线,通过显微镜观察培养细胞的生物学形状.结果 直接贴壁法收集到的细胞扩增速度较慢,密度梯度离心法收集到的细胞扩增速度较快,细胞培养后成梭形.结论 密度梯度离心结合贴壁培养法较单纯的直接贴壁法培养骨髓间充质干细胞的培养效率更高.体外培养的猪骨髓间充质干细胞生长稳定,增殖力较强.     

兔骨髓间充质干细胞培养与多向分化潜能鉴定的实验研究

目的原代培养兔骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs),观察体外培养中MSCs的生物学特性及多向分化潜能。方法通过密度梯度离心联合贴壁培养法,体外分离、纯化、扩增兔骨髓间充质干细胞,观察形态学特点,测绘传代MSCs生长曲线,检测细胞周期及表面标记,体外诱导MSCs向成骨细胞、成脂肪细胞分化并鉴定。结果原代及传代MSCs为长梭形成纤维细胞样细胞;生长曲线显示传代细胞具有类似的生长规律;流式细胞仪分析MSCs CD44表达阳性,CD45表达阴性;细胞周期分析显示87%以上细胞处于G0/G1期;经成骨细胞诱导,细胞碱性磷酸酶染色阳性;经成脂肪细胞诱导,细胞内出现红染脂滴。结论通过密度梯度离心联合贴壁培养法可大量扩增、纯化MSCs,所获细胞具有高度自我更新和多向分化潜能。     

改良法分离培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的实验研究

目的：改良大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）原代分离方法,探讨大鼠MSCs体外培养的适宜条件。方法：比较改良与传统单纯贴壁培养法、密度梯度离心法结合贴壁分离法分离培养大鼠MSCs,观察不同方法获得原代细胞形态及不同代MSCs的生长曲线,流式细胞仪检测细胞表面标记,同时观察不同浓度的胎牛血清（FBS）对MSCs生长曲线的影响。结果：改良单纯贴壁培养法获得的原代细胞贴壁时间早、生长快,与其他两种分离方法差异明显（P〈0.01）;原代MSCs用15％的FBS培养,其增殖明显高于5％、10％及20％的FBS培养;第3代以后MSCs用5%的FBS培养有力于细胞纯化。结论：成功地改良了分离培养大鼠MSCs的方法,配合不同血清浓度培养基可使收获MSCs效率增高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.