腹腔镜下原位脾切除治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜42例

目的:总结腹腔镜下原位脾切除治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的效果。方法:ITP患者42例均行腹腔镜下原位脾切除术。结果:中转开腹1例,成功实施腹腔镜手术41例,手术时间平均80min;术中平均出血100ml。发现副脾7例予切除;住院时间平均6.2d。术后腹腔出血1例,系胃短血管切断处出血,予重新结扎治愈。术后随访2～65个月,无1例出现脾热、门静脉血栓。疗效分级标准:术后1周血小板上升>150×109/L 2例,3周后血小板再次降低<50×109/L,余40例均达有效标准,治疗有效率达到95.2%。结论:腹腔镜下原位脾切除是安全、有效的治疗ITP手段,具有损伤轻、术中术后出血少、术后并发症少、恢复快的优点。     

腹腔镜下脾脏切除28例治疗体会

目的：总结腹腔镜下脾切除手术的手术技巧和临床效果。方法2009年8月至2012年10月,对28例脾脏疾病患者实施腹腔镜下脾切除术(LS)。年龄31~76岁,平均52.47岁。结果腹腔镜下完成脾切除术25例(89.3%),中转3例(10.7%);其中脾脏外伤12例,门静脉高压脾脏功能亢进7例,原发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)6例,脾脏血管瘤2例,脾脏囊肿1例。手术并发症6例(21.4%),包括术中出血3例,术后胰漏2例,术后再出血1例,无死亡,均治愈出院。结论腹腔镜下脾切除手术安全有效,是一种值得推广的微创治疗方法。     

腹腔镜脾切除术治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜临床应用研究

目的探讨腹腔镜脾切除术治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的手术安全性、可行性及临床疗效。方法1999年12月至2004年12月对30例ITP患者行腹腔镜脾切除术，并对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果30例ITp患者腹腔镜手术成功率达93．3％，2例中转开腹手术；平均手术时间130min，术中失血平均100ml。全组均于术后24h内恢复胃肠蠕动，术后6h可下床活动。平均住院时间4．5d。术后1周内血小板很快上升。治疗有效率达93．3％。发生并发症3例：2例皮下气肿，1例隔下积液。平均随访24个月，3例复发，总有效率为90％。结论腹腔镜脾切除术治疗ITP安全可行，且疗效显著，给ITP患者提供了新的微创治疗方法。     

腹腔镜下脾切除术医护配合体会

目的:探讨腹腔镜下脾切除术医护配合方法,对手术器械物品的特殊要求及治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的临床效果。方法:结合2例腹腔镜下脾切除患者手术时间、术中出血量和术后并发症情况,总结手术配合体会。结果:经医护配合,2例腹腔镜下脾切除术无中转开腹,手术时间3~4h,术中出血量约200 ml,术后住院时间7~10 d,无手术直接导致的并发症及死亡发生,无需术后麻醉镇痛,手术效果较好。结论:腹腔镜下脾切除术是安全有效、微创的新方法,适用于ITP及其他脾疾病需行脾切除的患者,术前准备和术中医护密切配合十分重要,为手术顺利进行提供保障。     

腹腔镜脾切除术治疗血小板计数偏低免疫性血小板减少性紫癜

目的探讨腹腔镜脾切除术治疗血小板计数偏低免疫性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)。方法选取我院2014年9月至2016年2月期间收治的经确诊的内科治疗无效或不耐受的ITP患者84例,随机将患者分为观察组45例和对照组39例;观察组行腹腔镜脾切除术,对照组行开放性脾切除术。观察和统计两组手术基本情况,比较两组临床手术疗效,并观察两组术后并发症发生情况。结果与对照组相比,观察组手术时间(92.47±21.18)min、住院时间(8.32±2.29)d显著较短(P0.01),术中出血量(43.95±19.74)ml、后48 h总引流量(65.64±45.22)ml明显较少(P0.01)。观察组手术疗效总有效率为93.33%显著高于对照组76.92%(P0.05)。观察组术后并发症发生率11.11%明显低于对照组28.21%(P0.05)。结论与开放性脾切除术相比,腹腔镜脾切除术治疗ITP手术时间短,术中出血量、术后引流量少,手术疗效好,并发症发生率更低,安全性可行性高。     

脾切除治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜22例

目的 观察脾切除术治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的疗效及并发症.方法 22例ITP患者术前均为皮质激素治疗无效或皮质激素依赖,采用开腹脾切除术3例,腹腔镜下脾切除术19例.结果 22例患者获随访6～60个月.术后半年显效18例,良效1例,进步3例,总有效率为86.4%(19/22).术后1年20例获随访,显效11...     

腹腔镜下脾切除治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜(附15例分析)

目的 探讨腹腔镜下脾切除术治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的安全性及临床疗效.方法 对15例行腹腔镜脾切除术的ITP病人的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 13例成功地进行了经腹腔镜脾切除术,手术时间120～240 min,平均160 min;出血量10～200 mL,平均70 mL.2例中转开腹.平均住院时间6 d.结论 腹腔镜脾切除术治疗ITP创伤小,且临床疗效显著.     

腹腔镜脾切除术治疗ITP临床分析

目的探讨特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ITP）腹腔镜脾切除术（Ls）治疗的手术可行性、安全性及临床疗效。方法对14例皮质激素治疗无效或依赖后行LS治疗的ITP患者的手术方法及疗效进行回顾性分析,总结围术期注意事项。结果14例ITP患者Ls术均获成功,无一例中转开腹,手术时间90～300min,平均176min,术中失血量30～150ml,平均80ml。术后完全显效11例,2例部分显效,1例无效。结论激素治疗无效或依赖的ITP患者行Ls术治疗临床疗效显著,安全可靠。     

腹腔镜脾切除治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜的疗效观察

目的 探讨腹腔镜脾切除术治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的手术安全性及临床疗效。方法 对21例ITP患者行腹腔镜切脾的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 21例ITP术后1周内血小板很快上升,术中失血少,全组均于术后24h内恢复胃肠蠕动,术后6h下床活动,平均住院时间4d。发生并发症4例,1例中转开腹,1例因术中渗血行腹腔镜下再次止血,1例膈下感染,1例皮下气肿。其中16例得到随访,2例复发。结论 腹腔镜脾切除术治疗ITP是安全可行的,且临床疗效显著。     

腹腔镜脾切除术10例报告

目的 探讨腹腔镜脾切除术(laparoscopic splenactomy,LS)的可行性.方法 我院2002年1月-2008年1月行LS10例,包括2例肝硬化牌功能亢进和8例原发性血小板减少性紫癜(Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Putpura,ITP).结果 LS成功10例,手术时间100～240min,平均150 min;术中出血量100～1100 ml,平均360 ml.术后住院3～7d,平均5d,无术后并发症.8例特发性血小板减少性紫癜中6例血小板恢复正常,2例术后升高又降低.2例肝炎后肝硬化合并脾功能亢进者术后血小板恢复正常.结论 腹腔镜脾切除术安全可行,尤其适合于血液系统疾病中须行脾切除者及脾脏本身病变者.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.