老年人韧带损伤致关节功能障碍的康复疗效分析

目的 探索老年入踝、膝、肘关节韧带损伤致功能障碍的康复治疗效果。方法 用分米波疗法、音频电疗法和运动疗法对124例患者进行康复治疗。用触压痛、活动痛、日常活动受限程度和关节活动度进行康复评定。结果 110例患者完成了康复治疗。损伤关节韧带的触压痛和关节活动或行走时疼痛程度明显减轻（P〈0．01），损伤关节的日常活动功能明显得到改善（P〈0．01），患者的踝、膝、肘关节的关节活动度也明显改善（P〈0．001）。结论 分米波疗法、音频电疗法和运动疗法的综合康复治疗方法，能显著地减轻关节周围韧带损伤引起的疼痛症状，并能有效地恢复受损关节及敦组织的活动功能。     

膝关节外伤术后功能障碍的康复护理

膝关节周围骨折及韧带损伤术后常会遗留关节功能障碍，严重影响患者的工作和生活。自2006年1月-2008年11月，作者对50例膝关节术后功能障碍的患者进行康复护理，取得满意效果。     

探讨急性踝关节副韧带损伤康复治疗疗效评价

目的 探讨踝关节副韧带损伤后的治疗手段和康复后疗效.方法 从2009年6月～2011年6月共纳入200例踝关节损伤病例,均确诊为急性踝关节副韧带损伤.随机分为康复治疗组和对照组.结果 治疗组的有效率为98％,对照组的有效率为94％,治疗组高于对照组.两组的总体疗效比较,经x2检验,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组患者治疗后,主观系统功能评分、客观检查评分和总评分均显著性的高于治疗前(P＜ 0.05).治疗组和对照组治疗后,治疗组的评分也显著性的高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 踝关节副韧带损伤通过及时有效的治疗,并加以后期积极的康复训练,才能更好的促进韧带损伤的康复,有利于预防功能性踝关节不稳定的发生.     

膝关节韧带损伤康复治疗的研究进展

膝关节节韧带是保护膝关节及维护稳定的重要结构，主要包括前交叉韧带（ACL）、后交叉韧带（PCL）及内侧副韧带（MCL）和外侧剐韧带（LCL）。在我们日常生活中经常会碰到，由于运动不当、意外事故等原因导致膝关节韧带损伤。国内对于膝关节韧带裂伤多主张手术治疗，非手术治疗主要给予中医中药治疗。国外大量文献报道认为关节囊内韧带（ACL和PCL）不发生自发性修复，临床上采用外科修复；关节囊外韧带（MCL和LCL）有较强的自愈能力，对MCL断裂不需要外科修复。康复治疗能够消炎、消肿、止痛，改善血液循环，促进组织修复，减少疤痕，防止粘连，对膝关节韧带损伤手术后康复或非手术治疗都有很好的疗效。现就近年来膝关节韧带损伤康复治疗方面的研究进行综述。     

康复治疗对膝关节周围骨折术后关节功能障碍的影响

目的观察康复治疗对膝关节周围骨折术后关节功能障碍的影响。方法选择2008年5月—2012年10月收治的膝关节周围骨折术后关节功能障碍患者43例,给予系统康复治疗12周。计量资料采用t检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果患膝关节康复治疗前患膝关节活动范围(range ofmotion,ROM)(40.23±15.07)°,特种外科医院膝关节评分(hospital for special surgery knee score,HSS)(54.14±11.57)分;康复治疗12周后ROM(107.09±11.91)°,HSS(83.49±8.40)分,比较差异均有统计学意义(t=22.825、13.461,均P<0.05)。结论膝关节周围骨折术后早期、系统的康复治疗利于术后膝关节功能障碍的恢复,总体疗效满意。     

骨与关节损伤康复效果影响因素分析

目的:探讨骨关节损伤康复的影响因素,以减少临床中后遗症与并发症的发生,为今后的康复治疗提供参考。方法:选取2012年4月至2013年5月期间我院骨科收治的76例骨与关节损伤患者作为本组研究的观察对象,针对患者不同的损伤情况分析其康复需求及相应的影响因素。结果:通过系统的康复治疗计划以及对于康复影响因素的综合分析,本组76例患者病情均得到治愈,未出现影响患者运动功能的后遗症与并发症。结论:通过对骨关节损伤患者的康复影响因素进行综合分析,可以有针对性地开展康复治疗,有利于患者的快速康复,减少后遗症及并发症的发生,值得在临床中推广应用。     

急性膝关节多发性韧带损伤术后康复治疗体会

目的探讨急性膝关节多发性韧带损伤术后康复的方法。方法对2010年5月-2012年5月收治急性膝关节多发性韧带损伤病例18例,韧带修复术后康复训练观察。结果所有病例韧带修复术后康复治疗后16—20周膝关节活动度均无明显受限。结论早期正确的功能锻炼,前后交叉韧带的损伤决定功能锻炼的方式和时间是急性膝关节多发性韧带损伤术后康复治疗的方法     

怎样处理韧带损伤

我们在剧烈的运动中，经常发生韧带拉伤的情况。韧带是连接两块骨头的组织，在可以运动的关节周围，韧带较丰富，主要起到稳定关节作用，因此在运动过程中很容易损伤。     

经皮穴位电刺激联合下肢康复机器人用于膝关节前交叉韧带损伤重建术后康复研究

目的：探讨经皮穴位电刺激联合下肢康复机器人在膝关节前交叉韧带损伤重建术后康复中的应用效果。方法：选取医院收治的120例膝关节前交叉韧带损伤重建术后患者,应用随机数表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组60例。对照组患者术后应用经皮穴位电刺激联合常规康复训练,观察组患者术后在对照组康复训练基础上增加下肢康复机器人进行康复治疗,比较两组临床治疗效果、患肢疼痛情况与肿胀情况、膝关节活动度及膝关节功能。结果：观察组治疗总有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(x²=7.200,P<0.05)。治疗后两组患肢肿胀值及视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分均降低,差异有统计学意义(t_观察组=19.554,t=24.023;t_对照组=13.257,t=20.531;P<0.05);治疗后观察组患肢肿胀值及VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=13.551,t=33.243;P<0.05)。治疗后两组膝关节外旋度数、内旋度数以及屈伸度数均增加,差异有统计学意义(t_观察组=27.765,t=33.457,t=2...     

关节镜下手术治疗急性膝前交叉韧带损伤的近期疗效观察

目的 观察关节镜下手术治疗急性膝关节前交叉韧带损伤的疗效.方法 收集2018年3月—2020年12月沈阳积水潭医院骨科收治的急性膝前交叉韧带损伤患者60例,随机分为对照组和观察组各30例.对照组采用石膏固定法治疗,观察组采用关节镜下手术治疗,比较两组的临床疗效.结果 观察组临床疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0....     

Alterations in immune function in rats caused by dietary lipotrope deficiency: effect of age

Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained on a control (C), folacin-deficient (F) or marginal methionine-choline diet (M/C) for 3 weeks, 3 months or 12 months. The immunocompetence of the animals was determined by in vivo (response to infection with salmonella typhimurium) and in vitro (lymphocyte transformation assay) methods. It was found that young animals were most sensitive to dietary lipotrope deficiency, and the in vivo response to bacterial infection did not always correlate with in vitro assessment of immune function. Histopathologic examination of spleens from S. typhimurium-infected rats maintained for 3 weeks on the experimental diets showed an overall decreased cellularity especially in the follicular areas, compared to controls. No differences were seen in the spleens of infected animals at later time points. A short-term (3-week) lipotrope deficiency resulted in a depressed lymphocyte transformation response to concanavalin A (Con A) in the spleen, thymus and lymph nodes; to phytohemagglutinin A (PHA) in the spleen and lymph nodes only. After 3 months on the F or M/C diets, a depressed Con A-induced transformation response was still seen in the spleen, but the normal aging-induced immunosuppression resulted in a low response in all animals, with few significant differences existing among groups.     

氯胺酮对内毒素致急性肺损伤细胞因子表达的影响

目的观察氯胺酮对内毒素致大鼠肺组织细胞因子表达的影响,探讨氯胺酮抑制炎性反应的机制。方法成年大鼠20只随机分为四组(每组5只),对照组(C组)、内毒素组(L组)、内毒素+氯胺酮20μg/kg·min(L+K20组)、内毒素+氯胺酮40μg/kg·min(L+K40组)。在注射内毒素4h后处死动物开胸取标本,用分光光度法测定诱生型一氧化氮合成酶(iNOS)、丙二醛(MDA)、NO-2/NO-3浓度。结果L组肺组织的因子的表达明显增高,氯胺酮预处理组肺组织iNOS、MDA、NO-2/NO-3浓度较L组明显下降,且随着氯胺酮剂量的增加而抑制效应增加。结论氯胺酮能明显抑制内毒素诱导大鼠肺细胞因子的表达,对内毒素致肺损伤有保护作用。     

社会参与在认知功能与老年抑郁关系中的调节作用

目的 分析认知功能与老年抑郁的关系,探讨社会参与对两者关系的调节作用。方法 基于2018年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查（CLHLS）数据,利用分层回归模型分析我国老年人认知功能与抑郁的关系,并引入社会参与作为调节变量,形成调节模型,通过该模型探究认知功能对抑郁水平的影响方向及大小。结果 认知功能(r=-0.199,P<0.001)、社会参与(r=-0.126,P<0.001)与抑郁呈显著负相关,认知功能与社会参与呈显著正相关(r=0.325,P<0.001)。社会参与在老年人认知功能和抑郁关系中起到调节作用(β=-0.037,P<0.05)。结论 认知功能能够负向预测老年人的抑郁水平,社会参与在认知功能与抑郁水平的关系中起到调节作用。     

计算机对人体健康的影响及对策

随着信息技术的发展 ,各行各业的数据处理及资料整理对计算机的依赖程度越来越大 ,加之拥有电脑的家庭越来越多以及网吧的出现 ,使用电脑的人数不断增加 ,操作电脑的时间越来越长。长时间地使用电脑 ,使用者会不同程度地出现眼睛干涩、腰酸颈痛、手腕酸痛麻木、嗜睡、反应迟钝、思想不集中等不适反应。我们通过网上随机调查的方式 ,对电脑使用者几种常见的不适症状作了调查分析 ,现将结果报告如下。1　材料与方法采取网上随机发送电子邮件的方式进行问卷调查。共调查 1 0 1 9人 ,其中年龄最大的 5 5岁 ,最小的1 1岁 ,1 8～ 3 0岁之间的占 78…     

The Henry M. Vars Award. The effect of lipid emulsions on reticuloendothelial system function in the injured animal

Use of intravenous lipid emulsions in trauma and sepsis still remains controversial. In order to examine the impact lipid emulsions have on host defense against bacterial infection during total parenteral nutrition (TPN), 56 male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent jugular cannulation and were randomly divided into three groups, each receiving one of three TPN regimens. All regimens delivered approximately 250 kcal/kg X body weight/day, of which 12.5 g were as amino acids. Group 1 received 100% of the nonprotein calories as glucose (AA + G). Group 2 was given 50% of the nonprotein calories as a longchain triglyceride emulsion (100% LCT). Group 3 received 50% of nonprotein calories as a mixed lipid system, composed of medium- and long-chain triglycerides (75% MCT/25% LCT). After 24 hr on intravenous nutrition, all animals received bilateral septic femur fractures and were continued on TPN for 3 days. On the last day, the level of bacteremia and the in vivo response to an intravenous challenge of 59Fe-labeled Escherichia coli were examined. Three days following the septic injury, animals given MCT as part of their lipid calories were not bacteremic, whereas the other groups had greater than 10(2) cfu/ml of blood. Animals receiving TPN with MCT sequestered a greater percentage of exogenously administered bacteria in the liver and sequestered less in the lung compared to animals given 100% LCT (p less than 0.05). From these data, we conclude that parenteral nutrition formulas where LCT has been partially replaced with MCT may better support host bactericidal capacity than similar regimens comprised of LCT as the sole lipid source.     

抑郁在老年人日常生活活动能力和认知功能状况的中介效应研究

目的 探讨抑郁在老年人日常生活活动能力和认知功能状况间的中介作用。方法 选取2018年CHARLS调查中5 397例≥60岁的老年人样本，采用日常生活活动能力量表（ADL）、流调中心抑郁水平评定量表（CES - 10）及简易精神状态量表（MMSE）进行测量；使用单因素分析、Pearson相关分析、逐步回归分析及Bootstrap中介检验进行数据分析。结果 老年人认知障碍率为30.64%。ADL和认知功能间呈正相关（r = 0.255，P＜0.01），ADL与认知功能均对抑郁呈负相关关系（r = - 0.295、 - 0.252，P＜0.01）。回归结果显示ADL得分和抑郁得分均对认知功能状况有影响（t = 12.107、 - 8.079，P＜0.001）。ADL对认知功能的总效应值为0.126，直接效应值为0.106，抑郁对认知功能的中介效应值为0.020。结论 老年人认知功能状况不容乐观，ADL、抑郁均是老年人认知功能的影响因素，抑郁在老年人ADL与认知功能间起部分中介作用。     

Randomized controlled trial of the effect of selenium supplementation on thyroid function in the elderly in the United Kingdom

BACKGROUND: Thyroid function depends on the essential trace mineral selenium, which is at the active center of the iodothyronine deiodinase enzymes that catalyze the conversion of the prohormone thyroxine (T(4)) to the active form of thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T(3)). OBJECTIVE: Because selenium intake in the United Kingdom has fallen during the past 25 y, we wanted to determine whether current selenium status might be limiting conversion of T(4) to T(3) in the elderly, in whom marginal hypothyroidism is relatively common. DESIGN: We investigated the effect of selenium supplementation in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 501 elderly UK volunteers. Similar numbers of men and women from each of 3 age groups, 60-64 y, 65-69 y, and 70-74 y, were randomly allocated to receive 100, 200, or 300 microg Se/d as high-selenium yeast or placebo yeast for 6 mo. As part of the study, plasma selenium, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and total and free T(3) and T(4) were measured. Data from 368 euthyroid volunteers who provided blood samples at baseline and 6 mo were analyzed. RESULTS: Although selenium status at baseline correlated weakly with free T(4) (r = -0.19, P < 0.001) and with the ratio of free T(3) to free T(4) (r = 0.12, P = 0.02), we found no evidence of any effect of selenium supplementation on thyroid function, despite significant increases in plasma selenium. However, baseline plasma selenium in our study (x: 91 microg/L) was somewhat higher than in previous supplementation studies in which apparently beneficial effects were seen. CONCLUSION: We found no indication for increasing selenium intake to benefit T(4) to T(3) conversion in the elderly UK population.