THE IN VITRO POTENTIATION OF LAK CELL CYTOTOXICITY IN CANCER AND AIDS PATIENTS INDUCED BY F3—A FRACTIONATED EXTRACT OF ASTRAG

ＴＨＥＩＮＶＩＴＲＯＰＯＴＥＮＴＩＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＬＡＫＣＥＬＬＣＹＴＯＴＯＸＩＣＩＴＹＩＮＣＡＮＣＥＲＡＮＤＡＩＤＳＰＡＴＩＥＮＴＳＩＮＤＵＣＥＤＢＹＦ３—ＡＦＲＡＣＴＩＯＮＡＴＥＤＥＸＴＲＡＣＴＯＦＡＳＴＲＡＧＡＬＵＳＭＥＭＢＲＡＮＡＣＥＵＳＣｈｕ...     

THE EXPRESSION OF C－MYC AND N－RAS ONCOGENES IN HUMAN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA－AN IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION STUDY ON PARAFFIN EMBE

ＴＨＥＥＸＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＯＦＣ－ＭＹＣＡＮＤＮ－ＲＡＳＯＮＣＯＧＥＮＥＳＩＮＨＵＭＡＮＨＥＰＡＴＯＣＥＬＬＵＬＡＲＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡ－ＡＮＩＮＳＩＴＵＨＹＢＲＩＤＩＺＡＴＩＯＮＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＰＡＲＡＦＦＩＮＥＭＢＥＤＤＥＤＴＩＳＳＵＥＳＥＣＴＩＯＮ...     

EFFECT OF ASCORBIC ACID ON DNA SYNTHESIS,INTRACELLULAR ACCUMULATION OF ADM AND ADM RESISTANCE OF TUMOR CELL LINES

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＡＳＣＯＲＢＩＣＡＣＩＤＯＮＤＮＡＳＹＮＴＨＥＳＩＳ，ＩＮＴＲＡＣＥＬＬＵＬＡＲＡＣＣＵＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＡＤＭＡＮＤＡＤＭＲＥＳＩＳＴＡＮＣＥＯＦＴＵＭＯＲＣＥＬＬＬＩＮＥＳＸｉｅＺｕｏｆｕ谢佐福ＬｉｎＸｉａｎｄｏｎｇ林贤东Ｚｈｏ...     

THE EFFECT OF HYPO－OSMOLAR SOLUTIONS WITH HIBITANE ON SHED CANCER CELLS IN PERITONEAL CAVITY OF PATIENTS WITH GASTRIC CANCER

ＴＨＥ　ＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＨＹＰＯ－ＯＳＭＯＬＡＲ　ＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＳ　ＷＩＴＨ　ＨＩＢＩＴＡＮＥＯＮ　ＳＨＥＤ　ＣＡＮＣＥＲ　ＣＥＬＬＳ　ＩＮ　ＰＥＲＩＴＯＮＥＡＬ　ＣＡＶＩＴＹ　ＯＦ　ＰＡＴＩＥＮＴＳ　ＷＩＴＨ　ＧＡＳＴＲＩＣ　ＣＡＮＣＥＲＤａｉＤ...     

COMPARISON OF INFRARED LIGHTSCANNING AND MAMMOGRAPHY IN BREAST CANCER DETECTION

唐瑞英，胡永升，徐光炜ＣＯＭＰＡＲＩＳＯＮＯＦＩＮＦＲＡＲＥＤＬＩＧＨＴＳＣＡＮＮＩＮＧＡＮＤＭＡＭＭＯＧＲＡＰＨＹＩＮＢＲＥＡＳＴＣＡＮＣＥＲＤＥＴＥＣＴＩＯＮ￥ＴａｎｇＲｕｉｙｉｎｇ；ＨｕＹｏｎｇｓｈｅｎｇ；ＸｕＧｕａｎｇｗｅｉ（ＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＩ...     

THE EFFECT OF ACTIVE COMPONENTS OF LYCIUM BARBARUM AND GARLIC（LB－GO）ON THE SYNTHESIS OF DNA AND ULTRASTRUCTURE OF U_（14） CERV

ＴＨＥＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＡＣＴＩＶＥＣＯＭＰＯＮＥＮＴＳＯＦＬＹＣＩＵＭＢＡＲＢＡＲＵＭＡＮＤＧＡＲＬＩＣ（ＬＢ－ＧＯ）ＯＮＴＨＥＳＹＮＴＨＥＳＩＳＯＦＤＮＡＡＮＤＵＬＴＲＡＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＯＦＵ_（１４）ＣＥＲＶＩＸＣＡＮＣＥＲＣＥＬＬＳＩＮＭＩＣ?..     

THE EFFECTOR FUNCTIONS OF MACROPHAGES TRANSFECTED WITH INTERFERON-GAMMA GENE MEDIATED BY RECOMBINANT ADENOVIRUS

ＴＨＥＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＲＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＭＡＣＲＯＰＨＡＧＥＳＴＲＡＮＳＦＥＣＴＥＤＷＩＴＨＩＮＴＥＲＦＥＲＯＮＧＡＭＭＡＧＥＮＥＭＥＤＩＡＴＥＤＢＹＲＥＣＯＭＢＩＮＡＮＴＡＤＥＮＯＶＩＲＵＳ１ＬｅｉＨｏｎｇ雷虹ＣａｏＸｕｅｔａｏ２曹雪涛ＹｕＹ...     

APPROACH OF FIVE-YEAR-AVERAGE HAZARD RATES FOR THE BREAST CANCER PATIENTS AND ANALYSES OF PROGNOSTIC FACTORS-AN APPLICATION OF COX REGRESSION MODEL

ＡＰＰＲＯＡＣＨＯＦＦＩＶＥＹＥＡＲＡＶＥＲＡＧＥＨＡＺＡＲＤＲＡＴＥＳＦＯＲＴＨＥＢＲＥＡＳＴＣＡＮＣＥＲＰＡＴＩＥＮＴＳＡＮＤＡＮＡＬＹＳＥＳＯＦＰＲＯＧＮＯＳＴＩＣＦＡＣＴＯＲＳＡＮＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＣＯＸＲＥＧＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＭＯ...     

REVERSION OF MALIGNANT PHENOTYPES OF HUMAN LUNG SQUAMOUS CARCINOMA CELLS BY ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE ANTISENSE RNA

ＲＥＶＥＲＳＩＯＮＯＦＭＡＬＩＧＮＡＮＴＰＨＥＮＯＴＹＰＥＳＯＦＨＵＭＡＮＬＵＮＧＳＱＵＡＭＯＵＳＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＣＥＬＬＳＢＹＯＲＮＩＴＨＩＮＥＤＥＣＡＲＢＯＸＹＬＡＳＥＡＮＴＩＳＥＮＳＥＲＮＡＧｕａｎＪｕｎ关钧，ＦａｎＭｕｚｈｅｎ范慕贞，Ｃａｏ...     

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE MUTATION OF P53 GENE AND INFILTRATION，METASTASIS AND PROGNOSIS OF GASTRIC CARCINOMA

ＲＥＬＡＴＩＯＮＳＨＩＰＢＥＴＷＥＥＮＴＨＥＭＵＴＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＰ５３ＧＥＮＥＡＮＤＩＮＦＩＬＴＲＡＴＩＯＮ，ＭＥＴＡＳＴＡＳＩＳＡＮＤＰＲＯＧＮＯＳＩＳＯＦＧＡＳＴＲＩＣＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＸｉｎＹａｎ辛彦；ＺｈａｏＦｅｎｇｋａｉ赵凤凯；ＷｕＤｏｎｇ...     

乳腺癌中的p53基因mRNA高表达的研究

应用反转录-半定量PCR技术检测47例乳腺癌组织中p53基因mRNA表达，并与临床预后因素进行统计学分析。结果发现：在乳腺正常腺体中有稳定的p53mRNA中度表达，而在乳腺癌组织中，p53mRNA呈高表达者为40．4％（19／47），且以在ER阴性的乳腺癌中增高明显（P＜0．05）。本文提示：p53基因在人类乳腺癌形成和肿瘤演进过程中起重要的作用，p53mRNA高表达的病人浸润性强、预后差。反转录一半定量PCR技术具有快速、简单、敏感可适于临床大规模应用之优点。     

Quantitation of erbB-2 gene copy number in breast cancer by an improved polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, competitively differential PCR

A new method of measuring gene copy number in small samples of DNA was used to measure amplification of the erbB-2 gene and a reference gene in breast cancers. The method, termed 'competitively differential polymerase chain reaction' (CD-PCR), combines the advantages of two other techniques for measuring amplification by PCR, namely differential PCR (D-PCR) and competitive PCR (C-PCR). The CD-PCR methodology was evaluated for sensitivity and specificity by comparing amplification measured by CD-PCR with that obtained by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), C-PCR, and Southern blotting analysis. CD-PCR analysis proved to be an accurate predictor of amplification. CD-PCR also overcomes the problems involved in variation of PCR efficiencies and DNA concentrations in tumor samples, and the problems caused by the plateau effect in PCR.     

Comparison of HER2 status by fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry to predict benefit from dose escalation of adjuvant doxorubicin-based therapy in node-positive breast cancer patients.

PURPOSE: HER2 is a clinically important tumor marker in breast cancer; however, there is controversy regarding which method reliably measures HER2 status. We compared three HER2 laboratory methods: immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), to predict disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) after adjuvant doxorubicin-based therapy in node-positive breast cancer patients. METHODS: This is a Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) study, using 524 tumor blocks collected from breast cancer patients registered to clinical trial CALGB 8541. IHC employed CB11 and AO-11-854 monoclonal antibodies; FISH used PathVysion HER2 DNA Probe kit; PCR utilized differential PCR (D-PCR) methodology. RESULTS: Cases HER2 positive by IHC, FISH and D-PCR were 24%, 17%, and 18%, respectively. FISH and IHC were clearly related (kappa = 64.8%). All three methods demonstrated a similar relationship for DFS and OS. By any method, for patients with HER2-negative tumors, there was little or no effect of dose of adjuvant doxorubicin-based therapy. For patients with HER2-positive tumors, all three methods predicted a benefit from dose-intense (high-dose) compared with low- or moderate-dose adjuvant doxorubicin-based therapy. CONCLUSION: FISH is a reliable method to predict clinical outcome following adjuvant doxorubicin-based therapy for stage II breast cancer patients. There is a moderate level of concordance among the three methods (IHC, FISH, PCR). None of the methods is clearly superior. Although IHC-positive/FISH-positive tumors yielded the greatest interaction with dose of therapy in predicting outcome, no combination of assays tested was statistically superior.     

Quantitation of erbB-2 gene copy number in breast cancer by an improved polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, competitively differential PCR

A new method of measuring gene copy number in small samples of DNA was used to measure amplification of the erbB-2 gene and a reference gene in breast cancers. The method, termed 'competitively differential polymerase chain reaction' (CD-PCR), combines the advantages of two other techniques for measuring amplification by PCR, namely differential PCR (D-PCR) and competitive PCR (C-PCR). The CD-PCR methodology was evaluated for sensitivity and specificity by comparing amplification measured by CD-PCR with that obtained by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), C-PCR, and Southern blotting analysis. CD-PCR analysis proved to be an accurate predictor of amplification. CD-PCR also overcomes the problems involved in variation of PCR efficiencies and DNA concentrations in tumor samples, and the problems caused by the plateau effect in PCR.     

Lack of Detection of the Mouse Mammary Tumor-like Virus (MMTV) Env Gene in Iranian Women Breast Cancer using Real Time PCR

Background: Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is the major cause of mammary tumors in mice.There is limited controversial evidence about the probable etiologic role of MMTV- like virus in human breastcancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 Formalin fixed paraffin embedded samples with diagnosis of breastcancer were collected in a period of 3 years from cancer institute of Iran. We selected both pre-menopausal andpost-menopausal patients with different histologic grades and different ethnic groups. We evaluated presenceof MMTV-like virus env gene through real time PCR method. Results: Forty patients (20 pre and 20 postmenopausalwomen) were evaluated with the mean age of 49.67. The average tumor size was 39 mm. None ofthe studied samples were positive for MMTV-like virus env gene target sequences. Conclusions: We found noevidence on the potential role of MMTV-like virus in the carcinogenicity of breast cancer among Iranian women.     

Expression and Clinical Significance of Osteopontin in Calcified Breast Tissue

Osteopontin (OPN) is an integrin-binding protein, believed to be involved in a variety of physiological cellularfunctions. The physiology of OPN is best documented in the bone where this secreted adhesive glycoprotein appearsto be involved in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. In our study, we used semi-quantitative RT-PCRof osteopontin in calcification tissue of breast to detect breast cancer metastasis. The obtained data indicate thatthe expression of osteopontin is related to calcification tissue of breast, and possibly with the incidence of breastcancer. The expression strength of OPN by RT-PCR detection was related to the degree of malignancy of breastlesions, suggesting a close relationship between OPN and breast calcification tissue. The results revealed thatexpression of OPN mRNA is related to calcification of breast cancer tissue and to the development of breastcancer. Determination of OPN mRNA expression can be expected to be a guide to clinical therapy and predictionof the prognosis of breast cancer patients.     

Purification and characterization of a new 85-kDa glycoprotein antigen from human breast tumor

A new breasttumorassociated antigen (BTAA) was purified and partially characterized from human breast tumor. By DEAE-cellulose discontinuous NaCl-gradient chromatography of a crude extract of human malignant breast tumor, 3 major protein peaks were obtained. Circulating antibodies against one of the protein peaks, HF₁, was observed in breastcancer patients. The antibodies were absent in patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix, lung, stomach and liver or with benign breast diseases and in healthy women. Absorption of the sera of breastcancer patients with normal human breast tissue pellet did not remove the HF₁-reactive circulating antibodies. The BTAA was partially purified from HF₁ by subjecting the fraction to SDS-PAGE and eluting the band 3 (HF₁-3). Westernblot analysis confirmed the presence of the BTAA in HF₁-3. Using an affinity column of protein-A-Sepharosebound IgG, purified from breastcancer patients' sera, the BTAA was also recovered from HF₁. Purification of the BTAA was achieved by subjecting HF₁ to sizeexclusion highperformance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC). The antigen was characterized as a glycoprotein with MW of approximately 85 kDa and appeared not to be related either to murine mammarytumor virus (MuMTV) structural antigens or to human fetal antigens. The BTAA-reactive circulating antibodies in the breastcancer patients were of lgG₂ subtype, and the level of these antibodies significantly decreased in patients following surgical removal of the breast tumors. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Prevalence of human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 in squamous-cell carcinoma of the penis: a retrospective analysis of primary and metastatic lesions by differential polymerase chain reaction.

Human papillomaviruses (HPV), particularly types 16 and 18, may be carcinogenic effectors in a variety of human lower-genital-tract malignancies. Using the highly sensitive technique of differential polymerase chain reaction (D-PCR) with amplimers from the E6 open reading frames of HPV types 16 and 18, a retrospective analysis of a 20-year institutional experience with squamous-cell carcinoma of the penis (SCCP) was performed to determine the prevalence of these HPV types in this malignancy. Paraffin-embedded surgical specimens of primary (N = 27), locally recurrent (N = 5), and metastatic deposits (N = 26) from 29 patients with invasive SCCP were analyzed, as well as primary (N = 3) and recurrent (N = 2) specimens from 2 patients with penile carcinoma in situ (CIS) (Bowen's disease). Nine of the 29 (31%) patients had invasive SCCP containing HPV 16 or 18 DNA, with HPV 16 found in 8 (28%) and HPV 18 in I (3%); no patient had both. In 7 patients in which only tissue from metastatic sites was available, 2 had HPV 16 detected in 2 separate metastatic sites each. Specimens from both primary and metastatic sites were available in an additional 6 patients, and HPV 16 was detected in specimens from 3 of these 6 patients. HPV was detected in comparable copy number at both sites in each patient, indicating that HPV DNA may be a stable component within cancer cells during disease progression. Of patients with CIS only, 1 of 2 was positive for HPV 16, and upon multifocal recurrence, showed persistence of the virus at 2 separate sites. Southern blotting was performed to confirm the presence of type-specific HPV DNA and showed complete concordance with D-PCR, but discordant hybridization intensities for HPV 18 were noted between the control and positive patient specimens; sequence analysis of the patient specimen revealed 4 point mutations in the HPV-18 target segment. Comparison of the HPV-positive (both HPV 16 and HPV 18) and HPV-negative groups revealed no statistical differences between groups in patients age or ethnic origin, tumor histologic grade, or incidence of nodal involvement. Kaplan-Meier analysis of both overall and cause-specific survival likewise was not different between groups. These data, particularly the presence of HPV in metastatic deposits, provide strong evidence for an etiologic role of HPV type 16 (and possibly 18) in a substantial sub-set of patients from the southeastern United States who developed SCCP.     

THE EXPRESSION OF CDK4 GENE IN HUMAN BREAST CANCER

Moreandmoreexperimentssuggestedthatthereisverycloserelationshipbetweencellcyclecoritrolandtumorigenesis.HowdidthenormalcellsdevelopedintocancercellsisnotonIytheresultofthatsomeoncogeneswereactivated.lnordertofindtheroleofCDK4,whichisthemaincyclinD-dependentedkinaseinGlphase,inbreastcancergenesis,weusedtheCDK4fragmentasaprobetoanalyzebySouthernandDotblotting.MATERIALSANDMETHODSCelllinesK562,HL-6o,PG,Hela,2BS(fromDePt.ofBiologyinBeijingNormalUniversity),onlythe2BSisanormalcelIl…     

BRCA1 Promoter Hypermethylation Signature for Early Detection of Breast Cancer in the Vietnamese Population

Breast cancer, a leading cause of death among women in most countries worldwide, is rapidly increasing inincidence in Vietnam. One of biomarkers is the disruption of the genetic material including epigenetic changeslike DNA methylation. With the aim of finding hypermethylation at CpG islands of promoter of BRCA1 gene,belonged to the tumor suppressor gene family, as the biomarker for breast cancer in Vietnamese population,sensitive methyl specific PCR (MSP) was carried out on 115 samples including 95 breast cancer specimens and20 normal breast tissues with other diseases which were obtained from Ho Chi Minh City Medical Hospital,Vietnam. The result indicated that the frequency of BRCA1 hypermethylation reached 82.1% in the cases(p<0.001). In addition, the DNA hypermethylation of this candidate gene increased the possibility to be breastcancer with high incidence via calculated odd ratios (p<0.05). In conclusion, hypermethylation of this candidategene could be used as the promising biomarker application with Vietnamese breast cancer patients.