BPDE诱导GC-1细胞凋亡及褪黑素的保护作用

目的 探讨7,8-二羟-9,10-环氧苯并[a]芘(benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide,BPDE)对小鼠精原细胞株GC-1的细胞毒性机制及褪黑素的保护作用.方法 不同浓度BPDE处理GC-1细胞,采用Annexin V/PI染色及流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡,JC-1探针染色检测线粒体膜电位,Western blot检测细胞质Cyt C及细胞总蛋白中caspase-9/3的活化水平,DCFH-DA探针及流式细胞仪检测细胞内的活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平.褪黑素预处理细胞后再进行BPDE染毒,采用上述方法检测褪黑素对BPDE细胞毒性的影响.结果 BPDE可提高GC-1细胞凋亡率,存在剂量-效应关系.同时,BPDE可降低细胞线粒体膜电位,促进线粒体Cyt C的释放,提高细胞中caspase-9和caspase-3蛋白的活化水平,并诱导细胞中ROS水平升高.褪黑素预处理则可降低BPDE诱导的细胞凋亡,抑制Cyt C的释放及caspase-9/3的活化,并激活Nrf-2/ARE抗氧化通路,降低细胞ROS水平.结论 BPDE可诱导小鼠精原细胞GC-1线粒体途径细胞凋亡和氧化应激,而褪黑素在这一过程中起保护作用.     

丹参素对缺氧/缺糖损伤神经细胞线粒体的保护作用

目的观察丹参素对SH-SY5Y细胞缺氧/缺糖损伤时胞浆内[Ca2 ]i、细胞凋亡率、细胞活性和线粒体膜电位的变化,探讨其对神经细胞线粒体的保护作用及其可能的机理.方法应用细胞培养、四唑盐比色实验(MTT)检测细胞活力,流式细胞术检测细胞内[Ca2 ]i、细胞凋亡百分率和线粒体膜电位.结果 SH-SY5Y细胞缺氧/缺糖损伤2 h时,细胞内[Ca2 ]i明显增加,为8.46 nmol/L(P<0.01),细胞凋亡率明显增高,为18.59% (P<0.01),细胞内[Ca2 ]i的浓度4 h时达到高峰,为9.89 nmol/L(P<0.01),而后呈下降趋势,细胞凋亡率随缺氧/缺糖损伤时间的延长而明显增高12 h时达到45.91%,细胞经缺氧/缺糖处理2 h后,线粒体膜电位和细胞活性分别降低29.17%(P<0.01)、38.80%(P<0.01),随着缺氧/缺糖时间的延长线粒体膜电位和细胞活性进一步下降, 12 h时分别降低56.72%(P<0.01)、63.58%(P<0.01),丹参素能显著降低细胞内[Ca2 ]i,抑制细胞凋亡的发生,提高细胞活性和线粒体膜电位,与缺氧/缺糖组相比均有显著性差异(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论丹参素可抑制缺氧/缺糖损伤所致的线粒体膜电位的降低,从而具有稳定线粒体膜电位的作用,抑制细胞凋亡的发生,这种作用可能与其能抑制神经细胞内钙超载有关.     

HHT诱导骨髓增生异常综合征细胞MUTZ-1凋亡过程中活性氧和线粒体膜电位的变化

目的研究活性氧(ROS)和线粒体膜电位(MMP)在高三尖杉酯碱(HHT)诱导骨髓增生异常综合征细胞MUTZ-1凋亡过程中的变化,以期进一步探讨HHT诱导细胞凋亡的机制.方法以100ng/mlHHT作用于MUTZ-1细胞一定时间后应用流式细胞仪,以Annexin V FITC和PI双染的方法检测细胞凋亡率,ROS捕获剂HE反应法检测细胞内ROS的水平,JC-1染色法检测细胞MMP的变化.结果HHT作用MUTZ-1细胞0、6、12、24h后的凋亡率分别为5.68%±0.52%、16.88%±0.96%、43.75%±2.33%、55.48%±3.67%.在细胞凋亡的同时,细胞内ROS水平升高(P＜0.01),线粒体膜电位下降(P＜0.01).结论细胞内ROS水平升高和线粒体膜电位下降是HHT诱导MUTZ-1细胞凋亡的重要机制之一.     

紫檀芪通过线粒体途径调控结直肠癌细胞增殖和凋亡

目的 探讨紫檀芪对结直肠癌细胞增殖和凋亡的作用及其机制。方法 使用梯度浓度的紫檀芪体外处理结直肠癌细胞,CCK-8法检测结直肠癌细胞增殖和活性,Hoechst 33258荧光染色法检测细胞凋亡,DCFH-DA荧光探针检测细胞内活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)水平的变化,JC-1荧光探针检测细胞内线粒体膜电位的变化,Western blot法检测线粒体途径相关蛋白表达水平。结果 与对照组比较,紫檀芪对结直肠癌细胞增殖有抑制作用,且呈剂量和时间依赖性(P<0.05);Hoechst 33258染色和流式结果显示,紫檀芪促进结直肠癌细胞凋亡(P<0.05);紫檀芪诱导细胞内ROS产生、降低线粒体膜电位水平(P<0.05),增加Apaf-1、AIF、Bax、Cyt C、cleaved caspase-3和cleaved caspase-9的表达,降低Bcl-2、PCNA和survivin的蛋白水平(P<0.05)。结论 紫檀芪增加结直肠癌细胞内ROS水平、降低线粒体膜电位水平,通过线粒体途径抑制结直肠癌细胞增殖,诱导结直肠癌细胞凋亡。     

芒果苷通过PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路对蛛网膜下腔出血后神经细胞的保护作用

目的 探讨芒果苷(MF)在蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)后早期阶段对神经细胞的保护作用及机制.方法 采用小鼠来源神经瘤母细胞(Neuro-2a细胞)和氧合血红蛋白(OxyHb)建立体外SAH模型,分为对照组、蛛网膜下腔出血组(SAH)及芒果苷干预组(MF+SAH)3组,利用免疫荧光检测受损线粒体与溶酶体的结合;利用JC-1和DCFH-DA分别检测线粒体膜电位(Δψm)和活性氧(ROS);Western blot分别检测细胞内磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶(PI3K)、蛋白激酶B(Akt)和雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)的表达,胞浆、线粒体中凋亡相关蛋白淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl2关联X蛋白(Bax)、细胞色素C(Cyt-C)和Caspase-3的表达.结果 与对照组相比,SAH组线粒体膜电位(Δψm)明显去极化(P<0.05),细胞内ROS水平增多(P<0.01),p-PI3K、p-Akt、p-mTOR的表达水平显著减少(P<0.05),胞浆内Cyt-C表达水平显著增加(P<0.05),线粒体内Cyt-C表达水平显著减少(P<0.05),Bax和Caspase-3表达水平显著增加(P<0.05),Bcl-2表达水平显著减少(P<0.05);与SAH组相比较,MF+SAH组Δψm和ROS明显恢复(P<0.05),p-PI3K、p-Akt、p-mTOR的表达水平明显增加(P<0.05),胞浆内Cyt-C表达水平显著下降(P<0.05),线粒体内Cyt-C表达水平显著增加(P<0.05),Bax和Caspase-3表达显著减少(P<0.05),Bcl-2表达显著增加(P<0.05).结论 芒果苷可以通过稳定线粒体膜电位,减少ROS的产生,改善线粒体功能障碍,从而抑制SA H后早期阶段神经细胞的凋亡.     

艾塞那肽减轻阿霉素引起的心肌细胞凋亡

目的:探讨艾塞那肽是否对阿霉素引起的心肌细胞凋亡具有保护作用。方法:将体外培养的H9c2细胞分为空白组(单纯DMEM培养基)、阿霉素组(加入10μM阿霉素)、艾塞那肽组(阿霉素刺激前0.5h给予30nM艾塞那肽预处理)后继续培养24h。TUNEL法和流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况,采用MTT法检测各组细胞的活性、酶标仪检测活性氧(ROS)水平、Caspase3、Caspase 9活性及线粒体膜电位(△Ψm),实时荧光定量PCR检测Bcl-2/Bax mRNA水平比值。结果:与空白组相比,阿霉素组细胞凋亡程度显著增加(流式细胞检测法:P<0.01;TUNEL法:P<0.01),H9c2心肌细胞活性(P<0.01),△Ψm(P<0.01)及Bcl-2/Bax比值(P<0.01)均显著降低,而细胞内ROS水平(P<0.01)及Caspase3、Caspase9活性(均为P<0.01)均显著增加。给予艾塞那肽预处理后能逆转上述变化,细胞凋亡程度显著下降(流式细胞检测法:P<0.01;TUNEL法:P<0.05),H9c2心肌细胞活性(P<0.05),△Ψm(P<0.01)及Bcl-2/Bax比值(P<0.01)均显著增加,细胞内ROS水平(P<0.05)及Caspase3、Caspase9(均为P<0.05)活性均显著降低。结论:艾塞那肽可能通过降低细胞内ROS水平,增加△Ψm,增加Bcl-2/Bax比值来改善阿霉素诱导的心肌细胞凋亡,发挥抗凋亡效应。     

新型钌配合物通过内源性线粒体凋亡通路诱导Bel-7402细胞凋亡的机制

目的 研究钌配合物Ru-HMIP对肝癌细胞Bel-7402的抑制作用及其机制.方法 MTI法检测RuHMIP对Bel-7402细胞的杀伤作用;流式细胞术检测其诱导细胞凋亡情况;JC-1荧光探针检测线粒体膜电位;DCFH-DA荧光探针检测细胞内活性氧(ROS);Western blot检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白.结果 RuHMIP对Bel-7402细胞有较强的杀伤效果;其对细胞毒性作用是通过诱导细胞凋亡方式;Ru-HMIP在Bel-7402细胞中产生过量ROS,并且这种作用及其细胞毒性都可被还原剂乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)所阻断.Ru-HMIP可以破坏Bel-7402细胞线粒体膜电位;上调Bax,下调Bcl-2,同时激活Caspase-9及Caspase-3.结论 Ru-HMIP可以在体外有效抑制Bel-7402细胞增殖,其作用机制是在细胞内诱发过量ROS,继而通过内源性线粒体凋亡通路诱导细胞凋亡.     

诱导细胞mtDNA缺失以及再转入线粒体后对肿瘤细胞凋亡的影响

目的 对比研究mtDNA缺失以及再转入线粒体后细胞凋亡的变化.方法 在成功构建ρ_0SK-Hepl细胞和转线粒体细胞SK-HeplCyb的基础上,采用Annexin V/PI双染色法检测细胞凋亡;流式细胞仪检测细胞内活性氧(ROS)和线粒体膜电位(△ψm);Western blot检测细胞Bcl-2、Bax表达水平;免疫荧光染色观测Bel-2细胞内分布.结果 SK-Hepl、ρ~0SK-Hepl和sK-HeplCyb细胞凋亡率分别为(2.01±0.11)%、(0.37±0.08)%和(2.10±0.12)%.ρ~0SK-Hepl对细胞凋亡有明显抗性(P<0.05).ρ~0SK-Hepl细胞内DCFDA荧光强度较SK-Hepl细胞显著增强(35.5与15.9,P<0.01);转入线粒体后,SK-HeplCyb细胞DCFDA荧光强度较ρ~0SK-Hepl细胞明显下降(17.4与35.5,P<0.01).ρ~0SK-Hepl细胞MitoTracker Red荧光强度较SK-Hepl细胞显著减低(55.0与65.9,P<0.05);转入线粒体后,SK.HeplCyb细胞MitoTrack-er Red荧光强度与SK-Hepl细胞基本一致(67.4与65.9,P>0.05).ρ~0SK-Hepl细胞线粒体Bcl-2、Bax表达增多,Bcl-2/Bax比值增加(P<0.01).SK-HeplCyb细胞线粒体Bcl-2/Bax值下降.结论 mtDNA缺失肿瘤细胞对细胞凋亡有明显拮抗.Bcl-2线粒体转位、线粒体Bci-2/Bax值增加、ROS产生增多可能参与细胞凋亡拮抗的形成.     

当归红芪多糖对辐射损伤心肌细胞线粒体凋亡通路的影响

目的探讨当归红芪多糖对辐射损伤氧化应激诱导的心肌细胞线粒体凋亡通路异常的影响。方法原代培养Wistar大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞,X线照射心肌细胞建立辐射损伤模型,用不同浓度的当归红芪多糖进行干预。实验分正常对照组、辐射损伤模型组(照射剂量为6 Gy)、当归红芪多糖低剂量组(终浓度为25 mg/L)、当归红芪多糖中剂量组(终浓度为50 mg/L)、当归红芪多糖高剂量组(终浓度为100 mg/L)。MTT法检测各组心肌细胞生长抑制率;DCFH-DA荧光探针检测各组心肌细胞活性氧自由基(ROS)表达水平;激光共聚焦技术检测各组心肌细胞线粒体膜电位水平;蛋白印迹法检测各组心肌细胞内细胞色素C(Cyt C)、Caspase-3、Caspase-9蛋白的相对表达量。结果与正常对照组相比,辐射损伤组心肌细胞生长抑制率明显升高、线粒体膜电位降低、ROS表达及Cyt C、Caspase-3、Caspase-9蛋白的相对表达量明显升高,差异具有显著性(P0.05)。与辐射损伤组相比,当归红芪多糖各干预组心肌细胞生长抑制率均不同程度下降、线粒体膜电位有所升高、ROS表达及Cyt C、Caspase-3、Caspase-9蛋白的相对表达量均不同程度降低(P0.05)。结论辐射致心肌细胞凋亡的机制之一是线粒体凋亡通路的激活,当归红芪多糖通过调控该通路发挥心肌细胞保护作用。     

藤黄酸诱导肺癌细胞H1975凋亡的机制研究

目的 研究藤黄酸（GA）诱导人肺癌细胞H1975凋亡的分子机制,探讨氧自由基（ROS）和JNK信号通路在GA杀伤 肺癌细胞中的作用。方法 以人肺癌细胞H1975为研究对象,MTT法测定GA抑制细胞增殖的作用,Annexin V/PI 双染法测定细胞凋亡率,DCFH-DA 法测定ROS 含量,JC-1探针染色分析线粒体膜电位（MMP）,Western blot检测JNK 信号通路的激活和线粒体凋亡途径相关蛋白表达的变化。结果 GA 呈剂量依赖性抑制H1975细胞的增殖,各实验组细胞存活率与空白对照组比较,均有统计学差异（P＜0.05 或0.01）。1、2.5 和5滋mol/L GA 作用24h 后,细胞凋亡率分别为25.2%、51.8%和75.1%,剪切型凋亡相关蛋白cleaved caspase-9、cleaved caspase-3 和cleaved PARP 的表达随GA 浓度增高而显著增加,与空白对照组比较,均有统计学差异（P＜0.05或0.01）。GA 作用2h 后H1975细胞ROS 含量显著升高,磷酸化JNK（p-JNK）表达上调（P＜0.05或0.01）。GA 作用16h后各实验组细胞MMP 均明显降低（均P＜0.05）。GA 作用24h后实验组细胞线粒体凋亡途径相关蛋白Bax、Bak、Bik表达增加,而抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达与空白对照组相比明显下降（P＜0.05 或0.01）。结论 GA 具有诱导H1975 细胞凋亡的作用,其可能机制是上调细胞内ROS含量,激活JNK 信号通路,进而引起MMP 降低和线粒体凋亡途径激活。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.