冷圈套切除术应用于结直肠息肉治疗的研究进展

部分结直肠息肉有一定风险转变为结直肠癌，对结直肠息肉行内镜下切除可显著降低结直肠癌的发病率。在临床上应用较多的息肉切除术包括内镜下黏膜切除术、内镜下黏膜剥离术、热圈套切除术、冷圈套切除术等，临床医师可根据息肉的大小、形状、生长部位及病理类型选择合适内镜切除方式进行治疗。冷圈套切除术作为一项新兴技术被广泛应用于10 mm以内的结直肠小息肉的内镜切除，其安全性和有效性已被很多研究充分证明。近年来，冷圈套切除术及相关技术也被运用于其他类型结直肠息肉的切除。本文就冷圈套切除术在临床应用方面的进展作一概述。     

冷圈套切除术治疗老年结直肠息肉的临床效果研究

目的 探究冷圈套切除术治疗老年结直肠息肉的临床效果,为治疗老年结直肠息肉提供方法.方法 回顾性分析2017年1月～2019年12月期间安徽医科大学第三附属医院消化内科住院治疗的211例老年结直肠息肉患者的临床资料,依据不同治疗方法分为观察组(n=110)和对照组(n=101).观察组息肉回收样本238粒,对照组息肉回收...     

冷圈套联合黏膜下注射对结直肠(微)小息肉的完整切除率的研究

目的肠镜下切除的结直肠息肉绝大多数为微小息肉(≤5 mm)或小息肉(6～10 mm),对于此类息肉的最佳切除方法目前缺乏统一指南。本研究旨在探究冷圈套息肉切除术联合黏膜下注射治疗结直肠息肉(直径≤10 mm)的可行性和有效性。 方法本研究前瞻性随机选取2018年1月至2018年12月经解放军联勤保障部队第九〇〇医院消化内科行结肠镜检查发现结直肠息肉(直径≤10 mm)的300例患者进行对照研究,按1∶1随机分配接受冷圈套息肉切除术联合黏膜下注射(CSPI)或冷圈套息肉切除术(CSP)治疗。其中CSPI组在切除息肉之前先进行黏膜下注射,再行息肉切除,而CSP组则套取息肉后直接切除,然后在内镜窄带成像技术(NBI)引导下对息肉切除部位底部及侧切缘活检2～3块,用于病理组织学评估切除完整率。术中记录息肉切除时间、息肉回收情况和并发症。 结果纳入研究的300例患者,CSPI组(n ＝150)和CSP组(n＝150)病灶平均大小分别为7.7 mm和6.7 mm。患者的性别、年龄等及息肉部位、大小、形态、分型在组间均衡。CSPI与CSP相比完全切除率为96.7% vs 76.6%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。所有息肉均回收,其中9例CSP患者出现术中出血,CSPI组无术中出血,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);所有患者均无迟发性出血、穿孔等并发症。 结论尽管CSPI较单纯采用冷圈套的治疗时间长,但却是一种安全、有效的息肉切除术,尤其对于6～10 mm息肉其全切除率高达98.9%,并且手术相关并发症发生率较低。     

结直肠息肉冷切除术相关研究进展

结直肠癌是全球人类高发恶性肿瘤之一,结肠镜下肠息肉切除已被证实可降低结直肠癌的发生率。因此,肠息肉切除术及相关技术逐渐成为内镜医师研究及改进的焦点。目前,根据息肉的大小、形态、部位及不同的组织学类型,常用的内镜下息肉切除术选择众多,各种传统的切除方法多数会使用电凝功能,迟发性出血、穿孔等并发症发生率较高。冷息肉切除技术因其操作简单、手术时间短、完整切除率高、伤口愈合快、迟发性出血、穿孔率低等优点,逐渐被内镜医师应用,本文对冷息肉切除术及相关研究进行一综述。     

青海地区结直肠小息肉内镜下冷切割疗效临床研究

目的　探讨结直肠小息肉应用冷切割,以及预防性使用止血夹治疗的安全性及有效性。方法　选择2021年1月至2022年3月青海省人民医院符合纳排标准的260例结肠小息肉患者,分层随机分为冷圈套切除术（cold snare polypectomy,CSP）治疗的CSP组、CSP+预防性使用止血夹治疗的CSP+止血夹组、热圈套切除术（hot snare polypectomy,HSP）治疗的HSP组及HSP+预防性使用止血夹治疗的HSP+止血夹组,每组各65例。比较治疗情况、出血发生率及其他并发症发生率。结果　患者基本特征和息肉病变特征4组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。4组出现的并发症,术中即时出血发生率［5例（7.69%）、4例（6.15%）、3例（4.62%）、3例（4.62%）］,以及术后迟发性出血发生率［0例（0.00%）、0例（0.00%）、1例（1.54%）、0例（0.00%）］,4组间差异均无统计学意义（χ2=0.778,P=0.855;χ2=3.012,P=0.390）;术后腹痛发生率,HSP组［7例（10.77%）］最高,与CSP组［1例（1.54%）］及CSP+止血夹组［1例（1.54%）］相比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。单个息肉治疗时间,CSP组最短［（2.18±1.07）min］,HSP组次之［（2.83±0.82）min］,CSP组+止血夹组再次之［（3.15±1.16）min］,HSP组+止血夹组用时最长［（4.88±1.85）min］,4组间差异有统计学意义（F=50.397,P<0.001）。结论　推荐使用冷切割治疗结直肠小息肉,如术中判断无出血及穿孔风险,无须预防性使用止血夹。     

内镜下冷圈套切除大肠小息肉在服用抗栓药物患者中的应用

目的 探讨内镜下圈套器冷切除治疗服用抗栓药物患者结直肠小息肉的临床可行性及其安全性.方法 回顾分析2019年1月至2020年12月在江苏省苏北人民医院行内镜下冷圈套切除术治疗的42例不停用抗栓药物患者的结直肠小息肉(3～9 mm)临床资料,对息肉切除的术中活动性出血、穿孔、术后迟发性出血、切除的完整性、标本完整回收情况...     

门诊冷圈套切除术治疗老年结直肠小息肉的安全性和有效性分析

目的 探讨门诊冷圈套切除术(CSP)治疗老年结直肠小息肉的安全性和有效性,为治疗该病症提供方法.方法 同顾性分析2018年1月2018年10月于复旦大学附属华东医院消化内镜行大肠小息肉切除的325例老年患者的临床资料,依据不同治疗方法分为CSP(冷圈套切除术)组(n=186)、HSP(热圈套切除术)组(n=94)和EM...     

冷切除技术在结直肠息肉的应用进展

目前,多种无需高频电的冷切除技术已逐步应用于结直肠息肉的治疗,其中包括冷活检钳钳除术,冷圈套器息肉切除术, 冷黏膜切除术等,本文对各项冷切除技术的临床应用进展,术后相关组织学改变和技术操作及注意事项,结合国内外文献进行了综述。     

内镜下吸引圈套法切除消化道息肉32例疗效观察

高频电凝切除术是治疗消化道息肉的有效方法。然而部分病人息肉的形态为基底部宽大,另有部分病人息肉无蒂或体积较大,一次圈套的部位与息肉大小难以控制,因此成为治疗中的难题。我们采用内镜下吸引圈套息肉切除法（ｅｎｄｏｓｃｏｐｉｃ　ａｓｐｉｒａｔｉｏｎ　ｓｎａｒｅ　ｐｏｌｙｐｅｃｔｏｍｙ,ＥＡＳＰ）成功地治疗了宽基、无蒂或体积较大息肉,现报道如下： 一、病例选择：（１）宽基息肉用圈套器直接圈套失败的病例;（２）无蒂息肉直接圈套时圈套丝离消化道粘膜太近的病例;（３）直径大于３ｃｍ息肉需采用分块切除的病例。 二…     

圈套器冷切除术在结直肠息肉内镜治疗中的应用进展

随着内镜下息肉切除技术的不断发展,内镜医师可通过微创、高效的内镜下操作,实现结直肠息肉的完整切除,降低结直肠癌的发生率。其中圈套器冷切除术因操作简单、耗时短、完整切除率高、并发症少等优点被推荐为1~9 mm结直肠（微）小息肉切除的首选方法。近年来,圈套器冷切除术治疗结直肠息肉的研究进展迅速,笔者围绕该项技术在临床实践中的应用以及对长径≥10 mm的扁平息肉治疗的应用及进展进行文献综述。     

Endoscopic resection of large colorectal polyps.

BACKGROUNDS: Endoscopic polypectomy is a common technique, but there are discrepancies over which treatment--surgical or endoscopic--to follow in case of polyps of 2 cm or larger. OBJECTIVES: To analyse the efficacy and complications of colonoscopic polypectomy of large colorectal polyps. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 147 polypectomies were performed on 142 patients over an eight-year period. The technique used was that of submucosal adrenaline 1:10000 or saline injection at the base of the polyp, followed by resection of the polyp using a diathermic snare in the smallest number of fragments. Remnant adenomatous tissue was fulgurated with an argon plasma coagulator. Lately, prophylactic hemoclips have been used for thick-pedicle polyps. Complete removal was defined as when a polyp was completely resected in one or more polypectomy sessions. Polypectomy failure was defined as when a polyp could not be completely resected or contained an invasive carcinoma. RESULTS: The mean patient age was 67.9 years (range, 4-90 years), with 68 men and 79 women. There were 74 sessile polyps, and the most common location was the sigmoid colon. The most frequent histology was tubulovillous. Most of the polyps (96.6%), were resected and cured. This was not achieved in four cases of invasive carcinoma, and a villous polyp of the cecum. All pedunculated polyps were resected in one session, whereas the average number of colonoscopies for sessile polyps was 1.35 +/- 0.6 (range, 1-4). The polypectomy was curative in all of the in situ carcinomata except one. As for complications, 2 colonic perforations (requiring surgery) and 8 hemorrhages appeared, which were controlled via endoscopy. There was no associated mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic polypectomy of large polyps (> or =2 cm) is a safe, effective treatment, though it is not free from complications. Complete resection is achieved in a high percentage, and there are few relapses. It should be considered a technique of choice for this type of polyp, except in cases of invasive carcinoma.     

Removal of diminutive colorectal polyps: A prospective randomized clinical trial between cold snare polypectomy and hot forceps biopsy

AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of cold snare polypectomy(CSP) and hot forceps biopsy(HFB) for diminutive colorectal polyps.METHODS This prospective, randomized single-center clinical trial included consecutive patients ≥ 20 years of age with diminutive colorectal polyps 3-5 mm from December 2014 to October 2015. The primary outcome measures were en-bloc resection(endoscopic evaluation) and complete resection rates(pathological evaluation). The secondary outcome measures were the immediate bleeding or immediate perforation rate after polypectomy, delayed bleeding or delayed perforation rate after polypectomy, use of clipping for bleeding or perforation, and polyp retrieval rate. Prophylactic clipping after polyp removal wasn't routinely performed.RESULTS Two hundred eight patients were randomized into the CSP(102), HFB(106) and 283 polyps were evaluated(CSP: 148, HFB: 135). The en-bloc resection rate was significantly higher with CSP than with HFB [99.3%(147/148) vs 80.0%(108/135), P 0.0001]. The complete resection rate was significantly higher with CSP than with HFB [80.4%(119/148) vs 47.4%(64/135), P 0.0001]. The immediate bleeding rate was similar between the groups [8.6%(13/148) vs 8.1%(11/135), P = 1.000], and endoscopic hemostasis with hemoclips was successful in all cases. No cases of perforation or delayed bleeding occurred. The rate of severe tissue injury to the pathological specimen was higher HFB than CSP [52.6%(71/135) vs 1.3%(2/148), P 0.0001]. Polyp retrieval failure was encountered CSP(7), HFB(2).CONCLUSION CSP is more effective than HFB for resecting diminutive polyps. Further long-term follow-up study is required.     

Endoscopic resection of large sessile colorectal polyps.

Colonoscopic removal of large, sessile polyps is difficult, but can be successfully carried out by experienced endoscopists. "Piecemeal" resection with an electrocautery snare was performed at our institution in 108 patients with 132 such lesions. The mean size of the unresected polyps was 3.0 cm. Complications occurred in 3.0% of polypectomies (3.8% of patients), with bleeding necessitating transfusion in 2.3% of polypectomies (2.8% of patients), and microperforation (probable) in the remainder. No patient required emergency surgery due to a complication. In 65 patients (60%), colonoscopic resection and follow-up alone was carried out. Of these, adenomas recurred/persisted in 28%, most of which were successfully re-resected. Nearly half of all recurrent polyps occurred after at least one negative intervening examination. Carcinoma later appeared in 17% of the recurrences despite apparent initial complete resection of a previously benign polyp. Cure was ultimately achieved in 88% of endoscopically managed patients. Surgical resection was required in 27% of patients, mostly following the initial polypectomy when invasive carcinoma was found in the specimen. No residual tumor was later found in 41% of the colon specimens from these patients. Ninety-one percent of cancers were favorable stage, whether discovered early or late. Follow-up colonoscopy was achieved in 77% of patients over an average of 3.7 years. Metachronous polyps were excised in 52 patients (63%) and metachronous carcinoma was diagnosed in 3 patients (3.6%). An aggressive regimen of surveillance colonoscopy is warranted in these patients to detect and manage local recurrences and to remove subsequent adenomas. Endoscopic resection of large sessile adenomas can be safe and effective.     

Safety and efficacy of cold snare polypectomy for small colorectal polyps: A prospective randomized control trial and one-year follow-up study

Trial design:Elimination of small colorectal polyps with cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is reported to be as safe as hot snare polypectomy (HSP). The effectiveness of CSP has not been clearly defined, and the incidence of long-term recurrence has not been determined. We conducted a randomized control study and one-year follow-up study to assess their safety and efficacy.Methods:Patients with small colorectal polyps were randomized to receive CSP or HSP. Polypectomy was performed to determine the pathological curability, and patients completed a questionnaire about the tolerability of the procedure. Follow-up colonoscopy was performed to determine the local recurrence of adenoma. The major outcome was the non-inferiority of CSP to HSP in the rate of delayed bleeding and minor outcomes, including the incidence of immediate bleeding and perforation, procedural time, and the resection rate.Results:A total of 119 participants were recruited in this randomized study and underwent polypectomy. Among the 458 polyps, 332 eligible polyps were analyzed. The rate of adverse events was 0.6% (1/175) for CSP and 0% (0/157) for HSP, which showed the non-inferiority of CSP. While the complete resection rate of CSP was very high (100%), the R0 rate was not satisfactory (horizontal margin, 65.5%; vertical margin, 89.1%). Two local recurrences (2.5%) were observed in the follow-up of 80 adenomas treated with CSP. No recurrence was found in 79 lesions in the HSP group, which was not significant (P = .06).Conclusions:Colorectal polyps were safely resected using CSP, similar to HSP. Most would agree to say that CSP is considered safer than HSP. The main question is then related to efficacy. Our results of the present study demonstrate that recurrence after CSP should be carefully managed for curative treatment.