CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术诊断菌阴肺结核的应用分析

目的总结分析CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术诊断菌阴肺结核的应用效果。方法选择2016年7月至2018年7月我院收治的92例菌阴肺结核患者为研究对象,给予CT引导下经皮穿刺活检术诊断的46例为CT引导组,以超声引导下穿刺活检诊断的46例为超声引导组,观察两组穿刺成功率及并发症发生情况。结果两组患者均成功获得活检标本,成功率100%。CT引导组一次性穿刺成功率97.83%(45/46)明显高于超声引导一次性穿刺成功率86.96%(40/46),差异显著(P0.05);CT引导组穿刺并发症发生率10.87%明显低于超声引导组并发症发生率17.39%,但差异不显著(P0.05)。结论 CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术是菌阴肺结核临床诊断的有效手段,其一次性穿刺成功率高,且并发症发生率低,值得推广使用。     

CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检在诊断肺占位性病变中的应用价值

目的:探讨CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检在诊断肺占位性病变中的应用价值。方法:选取110例肺部不同占位性病变患者,回顾分析110例穿刺病理诊断结果,且记录术后是否出现不良反应及术后并发症,分析总结CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检优缺点。结果:110例肺部不同占位性病变患者,均穿刺获得满意标本,一次性成功。肺穿刺组织经病理组织学检查后可确诊为肺癌患者83例,准确度(即一致性)93.6%(103/110),特异度74.1%(20/27),误诊率(假阳性率)25.9%(7/27),无假阴性,灵敏度100.0%(83/83)。110例肺穿刺活检后并发症发生率为27.3%,其中气胸严重者3例,占2.7%。结论:对肺部不同占位性病变患者进行CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检的可行性及安全性均较高,无不良反应,值得临床上进一步推广应用。     

CT导向下经皮肺穿刺活检对肺内肿块诊断价值探讨

目的探讨CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检对肺内肿块的诊断价值。方法 33例肺部肿块患者,行CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检,分别行组织学检查。以术后病理为标准,计算经皮肺穿刺活检的阳性率、成功率以及并发症的发生率。结果穿刺病理结果阳性率85%(28/33),病例穿刺成功率100%(33/33)。并发症:气胸3例(10%),咯血2例(6%),均较轻微,无严重并发症。结论 CT引导经皮肺穿刺活检是一种安全、快捷准确的诊断方法。     

CT导向下经皮肺穿刺活检对肺内肿块诊断价值探讨

目的探讨CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检对肺内肿块的诊断价值.方法 13例肺部肿块患者,行CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检,分别行组织学检查.以术后病理为标准,计算经皮肺穿刺活检的阳性率、成功率以及并发症的发生率.结果 穿刺病理结果阳性率85%(11/13),病例穿刺成功率100%(13/13).并发症:气胸2例(15%),咯血1例(7.7%),均较轻微,无严重并发症.结论 CT引导经皮肺穿刺活检是一种安全、快捷准确的诊断方法.     

电子计算机断层扫描引导下经皮肺穿刺活检磨玻璃结节的诊断价值

目的 探讨电子计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)引导下经皮肺穿刺活检磨玻璃结节(ground-glass nodule, GGN)的诊断价值。 方法 回顾性分析 2014年1月至2019年1月期间 217例接受 CT 引导下经皮肺穿刺活检的 GGN 患者的临床病理资料,对穿刺为恶性的病例判断为阳性,对于穿刺为良性的患者结合随访结果做出临床诊断,将穿刺病理与临床最终诊断作对比。根据临床特点进行分组,统计分析每组穿刺活检的准确率、灵敏度、阴性预测值及并发症发生率。结果 217例患者总体准确率93.5%(203/217),灵敏度92.2%(165/179),阴性预测值为73.1%(38/52)。并发症总体发生率35.5%,以咯血和气胸为主。结论 CT引导下对GGN穿刺活检具有较高的准确性和灵敏度,但需要警惕假阴性的结果,妥善处理并发症。     

临床27例菌阴不典型肺结核的CT及经皮肺穿刺活检术的诊断价值分析

目的:提高对菌阴不典型肺结核的CT影像认识,通过合理使用经皮肺穿刺活检术,减少肺结核的漏诊和误诊。方法:回顾性分析27例资料完整的经病理学确诊的菌阴不典型肺结核病例。结果:27例CT影像表现为3例为肺内单发病灶,24例为肺内多发病灶;其中结节12例(1例内有小空洞),肿块7例(3例内有空洞,2例空洞内壁欠光整;1例伴有局部肋骨骨质破坏),团片状实变影5例,条片影3例。27例均行经皮肺穿刺活检术,病理诊断25例为肺结核;2例为肺癌并发肺结核。结论:菌阴不典型肺结核单凭CT影像有时很难诊断,根据病情诊断需要进行CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术有利于及时明确诊断,为临床治疗提供帮助。     

超声与CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检联合血清肿瘤标志物检测在肺癌诊断中的比较

目的比较超声与CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检联合血清肿瘤标志物检测在肺癌诊断中的价值。方法选取我院2017年1月至2018年9月收治的80例拟诊断肺癌患者为研究对象,依据经皮肺穿刺活检术的引导方式不同将以上研究对象分为超声组(32例)和CT组(48例),所有患者均行血清肿瘤标志物检测,评估两种方法的诊断价值;依据病理诊断结果分为恶性组和良性组,比较两组NSE、CY-FRA21-1水平;绘制血清肿瘤标志物诊断肺癌的ROC曲线,分析诊断效能;比较术后6个月超声组与CT组并发症的发生情况。结果 80例拟诊断肺癌患者均顺利完成穿刺,成功率100%。经病理学诊断恶性病变患者65例,良性病变患者15例。超声引导经皮肺穿刺活检的灵敏度为0. 846,特异度为0. 833; CT引导经皮肺穿刺活检的灵敏度为0. 923,特异度为0. 778。依据病理诊断结果分为恶性组和良性组,恶性组的NSE及CY-FRA21-1水平均显著高于良性组,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。NSE诊断肺癌的灵敏度0. 738,特异度0. 600; CY-FRA21-1诊断肺癌的灵敏度为0. 985,特异度为0. 533。超声组并发症发生率为15. 63%,CT组并发症发生率为14. 58%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05)。结论超声与CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检均可作为临床诊断肺癌的重要手段,联合血清肿瘤标志物检测能够显著提高诊断准确性,减少漏诊,临床应结合患者实际病情做出合理选择。     

经皮肺穿刺活检＋组织培养在菌阴肺结核诊断中的价值

目的探讨电视透视或CT导引下经皮肺穿刺在菌阴肺结核诊断中的应用价值。方法 65例临床诊断菌阴肺结核的患者,行CT平扫＋增强后,在电视透视或CT导引下行经皮肺部病灶细针穿刺活检,活检组织分别送病理检查及结核分枝杆菌组织培养,统计病灶穿刺的准确性,活检标本的病理、组织培养结果。结果 65例穿刺均取得活检组织,穿刺成功率达100%,病理诊断符合结核49例,穿刺标本组织培养出结核分枝杆菌32例;病理＋组织培养诊断肺结核：准确性为83.1%,敏感性为96.4%,特异性为100%。结论在电视透视或CT导引下行经皮肺穿刺活检,获得病理、乃至细菌学结果,准确性、敏感性、特异性高,并发症低,是诊断菌阴肺结核的有较手段。     

CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检的临床应用价值

目的:探讨CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检的临床应用价值。方法:回顾112例CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术的患者,经病理诊断证实94例。结果:94例患者中与病理检查相吻合的肺癌86例,穿刺确诊78例,8例为良性病变。诊断灵敏度90.7%,特异度100%,诊断准确率91.5%,并发气胸8.9%,肺内出血10.7%,均自行吸收,未需特别处理。结论:CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检是一种安全、准确的诊断和鉴别诊断肺内病变的方法,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检对肺内病灶的诊断价值

目的:探讨CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检对肺内病灶的诊断价值。方法:120例肺部占位患者,行CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检,分别行组织学检查及细胞学涂片检查,17例行PCR-TBDNA和抗酸杆菌检查。以术后病理为标准,计算经皮肺穿刺活检的阳性率、成功率以及并发症的发生率。结果:穿刺病理结果阳性率84.2%(101/120),病例穿刺成功率90.1%(109/120)。并发症:气胸24例(20%),出血9例(5.3%),气胸合并出血3例(2.5%),咯血10例(8.3%),均较轻微,无严重并发症。结论:CT引导经皮肺穿刺活检是一种安全、快捷准确的诊断方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.