病灶清除后打压植骨联合多孔钽金属棒植入治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死

目的探讨病灶清除后打压植骨联合多孔钽金属棒植入治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死的临床疗效。方法 2008年3月-2010年5月,收治14例16髋股骨头缺血性坏死患者。男13例15髋,女1例1髋;年龄18～73岁,中位年龄42.2岁。外伤性1例1髋,酒精性4例4髋,激素性9例11髋。股骨头缺血性坏死根据国际骨循环研究会(ARCO)分期:Ⅰ期3髋,Ⅱ期13髋。Harris评分为(51.89±12.42)分,采用中华医学会骨科学分会百分比评价法中的X线评价方法评分为(31.88±4.03)分。病程6个月～7年,中位病程2.5年。采用经股骨头颈部开窗、病灶清除、自体髂骨打压植骨联合多孔钽金属棒植入治疗。术后患肢避免负重3个月,部分负重3个月。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无感染等早期并发症发生。患者均获随访,随访时间13～36个月,平均24个月。2例2髋因关节疼痛加重、股骨头塌陷,于术后4个月及2年行人工全髋关节置换;其余患者术后关节疼痛症状均明显缓解,股骨头生存率为87.5%(14/16)。髋关节功能行Harris评分为(84.89±17.96)分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=—8.038,P=0.001)。X线片检查示植骨区域成骨化明显,骨密度增高,骨小梁排列整齐规则,股骨头无明显塌陷。末次随访时X线片评分为(32.19±6.57)分,与术前比较差异无统计学意义(t=—2.237,P=0.819)。结论病灶彻底清除后打压植骨联合多孔钽金属棒植入治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死能有效缓解疼痛、改善髋关节功能、防止股骨头塌陷,延缓甚至避免人工全髋关节置换。     

多孔钽棒植入治疗股骨头坏死的适应证及临床疗效观察

目的探讨多孔钽棒植入治疗股骨头坏死的适应证并观察其临床疗效。方法2008年5月至2008年11月,治疗股骨头坏死患者25例29髋,男14例17髋,女11例12髋;年龄29—48岁,平均36岁;根据Steinberg分期：Ⅰ期10髋,Ⅱ期16髋,Ⅲ期3髋。采用侧方小切口入路,行髓心减压及多孔钽棒植入术。术后3周内禁止负重,3周后可部分负重,然后逐步过渡至完全负重。采用Harris评分系统评估术后患髋功能的改善情况;术后3、6、12个月摄正、侧位x线片,观察股骨头修复情况及有无坏死进展。结果23例27髋获得随访,随访时间12—18个月,平均15个月。术后12个月或末次随访进行疗效评估,优：17例19髋,良：4例5髋,可：2例3髋。患者的Harris评分由术前的49～83分,平均（65．3±8．6）分,提高至术后的75～100分,平均（88．2±9．3）分（P〈0．001）。Ⅰ期由术前70～83分,平均（73．7±5．6）分,提高至术后79～100分,平均（94．5±6．4）分;Ⅱ期由术前51～72分,平均（63．4±6．1）分,提高至术后76—99分,平均（87．1±9．0）分;Ⅲ期由术前49—65分,平均（56．8±7．3）分,提高至术后74—89分,平均（81．7±8．2）分。各组提高分数之间显著差异。髋关节影像学表现稳定,股骨头无坏死进展。结论髓心减压及多孔钽棒植入术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死适合于SteinbergⅠ、Ⅱ期及较小塌陷的Ⅲ期股骨头坏死患者。     

两种不同方法治疗早期股骨头坏死临床疗效比较

目的用多孔钽金属棒植入和带血管蒂的大转子骨瓣移植两种不同方法治疗早期股骨头坏死,比较其临床疗效差异。方法2007年2月至2008年5月治疗成人早期股骨头坏死（FicatⅠ-Ⅱ期）43例（48髋）,A组：在股骨头坏死行髓芯减压后植入多孔钽金属棒;B组：用带血管蒂的大转子骨瓣移植修复股骨头坏死。A组24例（29髋）,B组19例（19髋）,分别观察两组病例的手术时间、术中出血量、Harris髋关节评分、X线影像学进展情况及并发症的发生率。结果两组所有患者均获得随访,随访18-32个月,平均随访26个月,以最后一次随访资料作为最终评价依据。两组在手术时间、术中出血量、输血量、X线影像学进展情况方面均有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,两组术后的Harris评分均较术前明显提高,差异有显著性。结论钽棒微创植入治疗早期股骨头坏死,相比带血管蒂的大转子骨瓣移植创伤小、出血少、手术时间短、并发症少,早期临床效果优良,对预防股骨头进一步塌陷具有更好的效果,值得推广使用。     

钽棒治疗早期股骨头坏死的中远期疗效分析

背景：多孔钽金属棒的研制与临床应用,为行保留股骨头手术提供了新的思路和方法。目前对于该术式的早期疗效比较肯定,尚缺乏中远期的随访。目的：探讨应用钽棒治疗早期股骨头坏死的中远期临床疗效。方法：2008年5月至2011年5月运用钽棒治疗早期股骨头坏死患者65例80髋,评估手术前、术后3个月及末次随访的Harris评分,末次随访的股骨头生存率。结果：全部获得随访,随访时间为36-60个月,平均48个月。股骨头生存率可达90%,其中SteinbergⅠ期生存率100%,Ⅱ期生存率95%,ⅢA期生存率73%。8例术后6-8个月出现股骨头塌陷,其余各髋未见进一步塌陷,末次随访X线片示假体位置良好。结论：钽棒植入术是治疗早期股骨头坏死的有效手段,其中远期疗效满意。     

钽棒联合富集骨髓干细胞治疗早期股骨头坏死的近期疗效

目的观察钽棒联合富集骨髓干细胞治疗早期股骨头坏死临床疗效。方法选取2008年1月至2010年7月期间符合ARCO分期早期标准的患者共22例（35髋）,ⅠB期6髋,ⅠC期10髋、ⅡA期4髋,ⅡB期7髋,ⅡC期7髋,ⅢA期1髋,采用骨髓血采集,骨髓干细胞富集,干细胞移植联合钽棒植入治疗。随诊观察患髋疼痛缓解程度,手术前后Harris评分和影像学进展情况。结果 19例（31髋）患者获2年以上（25～54个月,平均37个月）的随访。（1）髋关节功能行Harris评分：由术前（76.92±9.11）分升至术后（89.09±8.21）分,两组比较有统计学差异（t=7.160,P〈0.01）;（2）髋关节影像学检查：术后继续塌陷ⅠC期1髋,ⅡB期1髋,ⅡC期1髋,最终行全髋关节置换,术后随访25个月的生存率为90.32%。MRI测得股骨头坏死表面积比,由术前的（31.89%±7.95%）降至术后的（11.20%±5.69%）,两组比较有统计学差异（t=-11.494,P〈0.01）。结论钽棒联合富集骨髓干细胞治疗早期股骨头坏死近期疗效肯定,远期疗效有待进一步观察。     

钽棒治疗早期非创伤性股骨头坏死的回归性研究

[目的]分析钽棒治疗早期股骨头坏死的临床疗效,探讨影响钽棒治疗早期股骨头坏死临床疗效的因素.[方法]钽棒治疗早期股骨头坏死病例149例(168髋),男96例,女53例;平均年龄32.36岁.Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期(塌陷前)88髋,Ⅲ期(塌陷后)80髋,其中双侧19例.根据ARCO分期,进行Harris评分和影像学评估.将Harris评分70分以下、再次手术、影像学病变进展(股骨头由非塌陷变塌陷或塌陷加重,关节间隙狭窄加重)视为钽棒失败.[结果]共随访到130例138髋,平均随访时间(31.47±5.78)(8～61)个月,术前平均Harris评分为62.65,术后为79.50(P<0.05).优良率为68.12%.Cox风险模型分析显示大病灶、外侧病灶、植骨与否是手术失败的风险因素,病因、性别、年龄、病灶是否在股骨头骺板内,对钽棒治疗早期股骨头坏死的临床疗效无明显影响.[结论]影响钽棒治疗早期股骨头坏死临床疗效的因素是病灶大小(大于30%)、坏死灶位置(外侧型)、植骨与否,钽棒治疗早期股骨头坏死需要清除死骨、联合植骨.     

离心骨髓加骨移植结合钽棒植入治疗早期股骨头坏死

目的探讨早期股骨头坏死的有效治疗方法。方法从2009-01—2011-03使用钻孔股骨头髓芯减压、死骨刮除,离心骨髓加骨移植,结合多孔钽棒植入支撑治疗早期股骨头坏死12例共16髋,术中经外侧小切口行髓芯减压,刮除死骨,每髋以多点抽取10 ml骨髓离心浓缩后和自体松质骨或同种异体骨粒搅拌打压植于死骨刮除处,然后拧入多孔钽棒支撑。结果 12例16髋全部获得随访,平均随访18.5个月(14~24个月)。术后末次随访Harris评分为(86.2±6.2)分,较术前(64.6±9.5)分改善为21.6分(P<0.05)。关节功能优9髋,良5髋,可2髋,术后钽棒假体位置良好,股骨头无进一步塌陷。结论髓芯减压,死骨刮除,结合离心骨髓、骨移植、多孔钽棒支撑植入是一种综合多种方法的治疗早期股骨头坏死的有效方法,尤其是离心骨髓加骨移植提供了局部修复的原始干细胞。     

钽棒治疗早期股骨头坏死的近期疗效评价与分析

目的评价钽棒植入术治疗早期股骨头坏死（ONFH）的近期疗效,探讨钽棒植入的适应证及禁忌证。方法2008年6月至2010年10月,采用钽棒植入术治疗早期股骨头坏死共58例63髋,全部获得随访,平均随访时间（16．03±8．16）个月（6～34个月）。年龄17～61岁,平均年龄（37．43±10．3）岁。按ARCO分期：Ⅰ期1髋,Ⅱ期45髋,不稳定型Ⅱ期12髋,Ⅲ期5髋。术前改良正位分型c1、C2分别为41、9髋。坏死范围按改良坏死范围指数≤33：17髋;34～66：25髋;≥67：21髋。术前Harris评分平均为（87．80±15．50）分。结果术后均无钽棒本身相关的并发症发生;末次随访Hams评分平均为（98．96±4．19）分;以股骨头塌陷〉4mm为终点事件,术后随访24个月的生存率为77．78％。Kaplan—Meier生存分析提示Ⅱ期、不稳定型Ⅱ期的生存率分别为84．4％、58．3％,经Log—rank检验差异已经达到检验效能;改良正位分型cI、c2的生存率分别为85．37％、11．1％,经Log—rank柃验差异有统计学意义（F=31．35,P〈0．001）;坏死范围的生存率：≤33组为94．1％,34～66组为96．0％,≥67组为42．9％,经Log—rank检验差异有统计学意义（Х^2=16．07,P〈0．01）。结论钽棒植入术是治疗早期股骨头坏死的有效手段,适应证为改良坏死范围指数〈67或改良正位分型C1型以下的ARCOⅠ期及稳定型Ⅱ期患者。     

钽棒和缝匠肌骨瓣植入分期治疗早期股骨头坏死疗效观察

目的:观察钽棒和缝匠肌骨瓣植入分期治疗早期股骨头坏死的临床疗效。方法:选取股骨头坏死患者124例(215髋),按照ARCO分期,分别给予缝匠肌骨瓣植入(ARCOⅠC期、Ⅱ期、ⅢA期)或者钽棒植入(ARCOⅠA、B期)治疗;术后均顺利完成2年的随访,结合影像学表现并根据Harris髋关节功能评分标准进行临床评价,术后6个月、1年及2年进行统计分析。结果:术后6个月、1年及2年两种方案的Harris评分为:钽棒植入(78.64±2.60)分、(83.82±4.63)分、(90.21±3.29)分,缝匠肌骨瓣植入(63.84±8.32)分、(81.66±6.08)分、(85.90±5.61)分。与治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:分别针对ARCOⅠ、Ⅱ期及ⅢA期患者,采取针对性手术保髋治疗青壮年早期股骨头坏死疗效确切,可明显改善患者的生活质量。     

髓心减压植骨与钽棒植入治疗股骨头缺血性坏死

目的研究比较髓心减压植骨与钽棒植入治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的临床疗效。方法选择2008年5月至2010年3月我院收治的成人股骨头缺血坏死患者（均为Ficat期）26例（31髋）,男19例,女7例;年龄24～63岁（平均41.3岁）。其中15例（19髋）采用髓心减压植骨术治疗,11例（12髋）采用髓心减压钽棒植入术治疗。记录两种术式的失血量、手术时间、输血量、住院天数、Harris评分和镇痛泵的使用天数。结果所有病例均获得术后随访4～24个月,两组术中失血量、手术时间、输血量、镇痛泵的使用天数比较差异无统计学意义,而住院天数髓心减压钽棒植入组明显长于髓心减压植骨组（P〈0.05）。两组术前Harris评分比较没有统计学意义,两组术后Harris评分较术前均有明显提高（P〈0.05）,术后Harris评分髓心减压钽棒植入组（88.24分）高于髓心减压植骨组（71.84分）,提高22.8%,数据差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论髓心减压钽棒植入术对早期成人股骨头坏死髋关节功能改善明显优于髓心减压植骨术,但住院天数较长。     

Structural Augmentation with Biomaterial-Loaded Allograft Threaded Cage for the Treatment of Femoral Head Osteonecrosis

Seventy-six patients with femoral head necrosis were allocated to a program of either core decompression (control group) or core decompression and implantation of a biomaterial-loaded allograft threaded cage (treatment group). All patients were followed up prospectively clinically and radiographically. In the control group, no significant improvement in Harris hip score was found, and 13 of the 22 hips had deteriorated to stage III. In the treatment group, the mean Harris hip score was improved from 62.8 to 81.6; the clinical success rate at 36 months postoperatively was 91%. Collapse was seen in 1 hip, and another 3 hips exhibited progressive collapse. The procedure is attractive as a minimally invasive and salvage procedure, which shows encouraging success rates and early clinical results in patients with Steinberg stage I-II osteonecrosis.     

Tantalum rod implantation for femoral head osteonecrosis: survivorship analysis and determination of prognostic factors for total hip arthroplasty

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the moderate survival data of porous tantalum rod implants for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Additionally, some independent prognostic factors for conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA) were identified.

Methods

The porous tantalum rod population was obtained from a prospective, consecutive group of patients treated for Steinberg stage I and II osteonecrosis from April 2009 through July 2011. The historical core decompression and impaction of bone filling particle subjects underwent surgery from April 2007 through March 2009. Surgical data including time of surgery, blood loss, and cell transfusions were recorded. Post-operative values were measured for hospitalization length as well as days requiring a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump. Primary outcomes were Harris hip score and survivorship analysis. Demographics and baseline characteristics included age, sex, etiology, bilateral disease, associated chronic systemic disease, Steinberg stage, Harris hip score, accompanied with bone marrow edema of femoral head, and osteonecrotic lesion size.

Results

Demographic/baseline characteristics were similar between two groups. At the post-operative follow-up of 62 months, Harris hip scores were significantly increased (P?<?0.0001) when compared to that before surgery in both groups. The magnitude of increase in the tantalum rod implant group was significantly greater than that in the control group (P?=?0.0426). With an average follow-up of 48 months (range, 38–62 months), the tantalum rod group had an 84.6 % survival rate. With an average follow-up of 72 months (range, 67–85 months), the control group had a 63.3 % survival rate. A comparison of Kaplan-Meier curves showed significantly higher cumulative survival rates (P?=?0.048) for hips with implantation of the porous tantalum rod (74.1 % at 62 months) than for those with impaction composite bone material (49.9 % at 62 months). The Cox proportional-hazard model revealed that implantation of tantalum rod (P?=?0.012), bone marrow edema (P?=?0.003), corticosteroids intake (P?=?0.007), and age less than 50 years (P?=?0.014) were the independent prognostic factors related to conversion into THA.

Conclusions

Compared with the traditional impaction composite bone material technique, implantation of tantalum rod in the treatment of Steinberg stages I and II ONFH can obtain better clinical results and higher cumulative survival rates. For patients without the use of corticosteroids, and especially for hips without bone marrow oedema, the clinical results from our study show highly encouraging survival rates and a delay in or prevention of conversion into THA.

     

多孔涂层钽金属棒系统治疗早期非创伤性股骨头坏死的临床对比研究

目的对比分析保守治疗与髓芯减压多孔钽棒植入术治疗早期非创伤性股骨头坏死患者的短、中期疗效。 方法回顾性收集2012年6月至2017年1月青岛大学附属医院关节外科收治的60例股骨头坏死患者（80髋）。根据治疗方式的不同分为保守治疗组（保守组,30例40髋）与髓芯减压多孔钽棒植入术（钽棒组,30例40髋）。观察两组患者术后并发症及患肢功能、Harris评分、影像学分析内植物状态、绘制股骨头生存曲线。 结果保守组获得随访27例（36髋）,失访3例（4髋）,钽棒组获得随访20例（27髋）,失访10例（13髋）,平均随访时间为（26±6）个月（3~62个月）。两组Harris评分比较：保守组和钽棒组治疗前、治疗后12个月、末次随访进行重复测量设计的方差分析显示,两组间差异有统计学意义（F=3046.153,P<0.001）,组别与时间点间存在交互作用（F=5883.563,P<0.001）,各时间点除治疗前外,差异均有统计学意义;钽棒组各时间点间的差异有统计学意义（F=2563.841,P<0.001）。两组生存曲线比较,差异有统计学意义（Log rank=87.432,P<0.001）。 结论多孔涂层钽金属棒植入可获得较好的短、中期疗效,优于保守治疗。     

多孔钽棒植入治疗早期股骨头坏死的临床观察

目的探讨多孔钽棒植入治疗早期股骨头坏死的临床疗效。方法对1 012例早期股骨头坏死患者应用髓芯减压和钽棒植入术治疗,术后平均随访11月,根据Harris评分对患者术后髋关节功能进行评估。结果 12患者Harris评分由治疗前平均(70.26±6.33)分,提高到治疗后(89.63±7.81)分,治疗前后差异有统计学意义。随访影像学检查示:股骨头轮廓光滑,无坏死进展。结论多孔钽棒治疗早期股骨头坏死早期临床疗效良好,具有减压、结构性支撑、微创、操作简单等优点。     

Combined Tantalum Implant with Bone Grafting for the Treatment of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

ABSTRACT

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term clinical outcome of using a tantalum implant in combination with bone grafting for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Methods: Sixty-nine patients with 94 osteonecrotic hips were treated with this method from March 2006 to March 2011. All the patients were treated with tantalum rod implantation in combination with bone grafting, and were followed for an average 35.4 months. Harris hip score and the survival rate were analyzed according to stage, etiology, and osteonecrosis part. Results: Patients with stage I and stage II diseases had significant greater Harris hip score improvement than patients having stage III disease (p < .05). The survival rate was also significantly higher in patients with stage I and stage II diseases than in patients having stage III disease (p < .05). Patients with type A and type B necrotic lesions had better recovery than patients with type C1 and type C2 having lateral column lesions (p < .05). No significant differences were detected in the clinical outcome among patients with different etiologies. Conclusion: Combined tantalum implant with bone grafting provided good short-term clinical outcomes for early stage I and stage II patients with type A and type B necrotic lesions. However, this treatment modality was not so effective for patients with stage III or type C1 and type C2 necrotic lesions.     

Clinical and radiological outcome of the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head using the osteonecrosis intervention implant

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcome of the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head by implantation of an osteonecrosis intervention rod. In this retrospective study the follow-up of 19 patients with 23 osteonecrotic femoral heads treated with implantation of an osteonecrosis intervention implant was assessed. From 19 patients with 23 necrotic femoral heads, there were 13 cases in which a total hip replacement was necessary. This implies a survival rate of 44% after implantation of an osteonecrosis intervention rod after a mean follow-up of 1.45 years. The outcome after core decompression combined with the insertion of a tantalum osteonecrosis intervention implant did not show superior results compared to core decompression alone. This is in contrast to existing studies. In addition, this study showed that in cases of total hip replacement, no problems appeared during explantation of the tantalum rod.     

Outcome after tantalum rod implantation for treatment of femoral head osteonecrosis: 26 hips followed for an average of 3 years

Background and purpose Tantalum rod implantation has recently been proposed for treatment of early stages of femoral head osteonecrosis. The purpose of our study was to report the early results of its use in pre- and post-collapse stages of the disease.Methods We studied prospectively 27 patients who underwent tantalum rod implantation for treatment of nontraumatic femoral head osteonecrosis between December 2000 and September 2005. Patients were evaluated radiologically and clinically using the Steinberg classification and the Harris hip score (HHS). Disease stage varied between stages II and IV. Mean follow-up time was 38 (15–71) months.Results 1 patient (1 hip) died 15 months after surgery for reasons unrelated to it. 13 of 26 hips remained at the same radiographic stage, and 13 deteriorated. Mean HHS improved from 49 to 85. 6 patients required conversion to total hip arthroplasty. When the procedure was used for stages III and IV, both radiological outcome and revision rates were worse than for the stage II hips. There was, however, no difference in postoperative HHS between patients at pre- and post-collapse stages at the time of initial evaluation. Survivorship, with revision to THA as the endpoint, was 70% at 6 years.Interpretation The disease process does not appear to be interrupted, but there was a significant improvement in hip function initially in most hips. Tantalum rod implantation is a safe “buy-time” technique, especially when other joint salvage procedures are not an option. Appropriate patient selection and careful rod insertion are needed for favorable results.