过敏性紫癜患儿血树突状细胞共刺激分子表达及其与辅助性T淋巴细胞1/辅助性T淋巴细胞2平衡相关性

目的观察过敏性紫癜(HSP)患儿外周血树突状细胞(DC)共刺激分子表达及其与辅助性T淋巴细胞(Th)1/Th2平衡的相关性。方法HSP患儿40例。健康对照儿童18例。酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测其血浆IFNγ-、IL-4水平。对其中HSP 28例及18例健康对照儿童外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)体外经细胞因子重组人粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(rhGM-CSF)、rhIL-4和rhTNF-α以诱生DC并培养8 d,流式细胞仪检测DC表面CD86(B7-2)、CD80(B7-1)、CD83表达率。结果1.HSP组血浆IFN-γ水平显著低于健康对照组(t=4.26 P<0.01),IL-4水平显著高于健康对照组(t′=5.09 P<0.01),IFN-γ/IL-4比值显著低于健康对照组(t′=7.98 P<0.01)。2.HSP组外周血DC表面CD83表达率与健康对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05);HSP组外周血DC表面CD86表达率显著高于健康对照组(t=3.94 P<0.01),CD80低于健康对照组(t′=2.60 P<0.05)。3.二组外周血DC表面CD86表达率与血浆IL-4水平均呈显著正相关(r=0.53,0.63 Pa<0.01),与IFN-γ/IL-4比值均呈显著负相关(r=-0.55,-0.80 Pa<0.01),而与血浆IFN-γ水平均无相关性(Pa>0.05);二组外周血DC表面CD80表达率与血浆IFN-γ水平均呈正相关(r=0.43,0.49 Pa<0.05),与IFN-γ/IL-4比值均呈显著正相关(r=0.49,0.63 Pa<0.05),而与血浆IL-4水平均无相关性(Pa>0.05)。结论HSP患儿存在Th1/Th2失衡,HSP患儿DC表面共刺激分子差异表达直接或间接导致Th1/Th2失衡。     

哮喘患儿血清白细胞介素-4、12与细胞免疫的相关性

目的探讨不同病期哮喘患儿血清IL-12、IL-4水平、细胞免疫功能及其相互关系。方法随机选择哮喘患儿50例。婴幼儿哮喘13例,儿童哮喘37例。发作期30例,经吸入激素治疗后缓解期患儿20例。健康对照组22例。IL-12、IL-4测定采用酶联免疫双抗体夹心法(ELISA)。采用碱性磷酸酶抗碱性磷酸酶桥联酶标试验(APAAP)检测T细胞亚群,采用郭氏法检测红细胞免疫功能。结果1.哮喘患儿发作期、缓解期和对照组IL-12水平分别为(24.44±13.26)、(42.30±12.65)、(44.68±28.28)ng/L,3组比较有显著性差异(F=8.92P<0.01),发作期明显低于其他两组,缓解期与对照组无显著性差异。2.IL-4在发作期、缓解期、对照组阳性率分别为70%、35%、9%,发作期明显高于缓解期(χ2=5.96P<0.05),缓解期仍高于对照组(χ2=4.17P<0.05)。3.哮喘患儿与健康儿童相比,CD3(t=3.18P<0.01)、CD4(t=5.51P<0.01)、CD8(t=10.38P<0.01)均降低,CD4/CD8升高(t=4.28P<0.01),RBC-C3bR降低(t=4.65P<0.01),RBC-IC增高(t=10.22P<0.01)。4.IL-4与IL-12呈显著负相关(r=-0.43P<0.05),与RBC-IC呈显著正相关(r=0.49P<0.05)。结论哮喘患儿存在Th1/Th2类细胞因子失衡和细胞免疫功能紊乱状态,哮喘患儿缓解期IL-12水平恢复至接近健康儿童,IL-4水平仍高于健康儿童。应坚持长期抗感染治疗。     

Th17细胞与CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞在儿童过敏性紫癜发病机制中的作用

目的 探讨Th17细胞与CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞在儿童过敏性紫癜(HSP)免疫发病机制中的作用.方法 过敏性紫癜急性期患儿48例,采用流式细胞术检测外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(CD4+CD25+Treg)的比例,采用荧光定量PCR(real-time PCR)检测CD4+ T细胞IL-17A、IL-17F、转录因子ROR-γt、Foxp3及细胞因子IL-6、TGF-β等mRNA表达;同期40例同龄健康儿童作为对照.结果 过敏性紫癜急性期患儿CD4+T细胞高表达IL-17A及IL-17F(P<0.01).Th17细胞转录因子ROR-γt及前炎症细胞因子IL-6 mRNA表达明显增高(P<0.01).CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞比例明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01),其转录因子Foxp3表达亦明显降低(P<0.01).结论 Th17等促炎性T细胞高表达和CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞数量减少导致的免疫抑制效应不足,是导致过敏性紫癜免疫失衡的重要原因,IL-6高表达与此密切相关.     

缺氧缺血性脑病新生儿血清白细胞介素-6的变化及其临床意义

目的 探讨HIE患儿血清IL-6的变化及其临床意义.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测30例HIE患儿(HIE组)及20例健康足月儿(健康对照组)在出生第2-3天血清1L-6水平;30例HIE患儿出生第14天采用中国20项新生儿神经行为测定(NBNA)评分,<35分为预后不良组,≥35分为预后良好组,并比较二组出生第2-3天血清IL-6水平.结果 出生第2-3天HIE组血清IL-6水平[(22.0±10.19)ng/L]较健康对照组[(13.78±3.14)ng/L]明显增高(t=3.49 P<0.001);HIE预后不良组血清IL-6水平[(27.0±8.3)ng/L]显著高于预后良好组[(18.1±7.5)ng/L](t=3.02 P<0.005).HIE组出生第2-3天血清IL-6水平与出生第14天NBNA评分呈负相关(t=-3.02 P<0.005).结论 IL-6参与HIE病理生理过程,并对HIE预后判断有重要意义.     

过敏性紫癜患儿血清 IL-17与 MMP-9的变化及意义

目的：观察过敏性紫癜患儿血清白细胞介素-17（interleukin-17,IL-17）、基质金属蛋白酶-9（ matrix metalloproteinase-9,MMP-9）的水平变化及其相关性,进一步探讨两者在过敏性紫癜及紫癜性肾炎中的发病机制。方法采用ELISA法检测74例过敏性紫癜初期患儿和30例健康体检儿童血清IL-17与MMP-9的水平。结果（1）过敏性紫癜组患儿血清 IL-17[（86.59±35.50） fg/L ]高于健康对照组[（62.38±14.65） fg/L]（P＜0.01）。（2）过敏性紫癜患儿血清MMP-9[（201.82±105.87） pg/L]高于健康对照组[（89.27±27.99） pg/L]（P＜0.01）。（3）密切随访过敏性紫癜组患儿6个月。6个月时,根据是否有肾脏受累分为非紫癜肾组和紫癜肾组,紫癜肾组在病初血清IL-17[101.67±39.55] fg/L]高于非紫癜肾组[（81.38±32.79） fg/L]（P＜0.05）;紫癜肾组在病初血清MMP-9[（249.63±97.57） pg/L]高于非紫癜肾组[（185.30±104.39） pg/L]（P＜0.05）。（4）过敏性紫癜组血清IL-17与MMP-9无相关性（r ＝0.184,P＞0.05）。结论 IL-17与MMP-9均参与过敏性紫癜、紫癜性肾炎的发病过程。     

川崎病患儿急性期血浆IFN-γ、IL-4水平变化研究

目的探讨川崎病(KD)急性期T细胞的功能状态及临床意义。方法ELISA法检测急性期KD患儿35例和10例健康儿童血浆Th1/Th2细胞的代表性细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-4水平变化,评价T细胞功能状态。结果急性期KD患儿血浆[IFN-γ(34±17)ng/L、IL-4(45±23)ng/L]水平较对照组[IFN-γ(59±21)ng/L、IL-4(69±28)ng/L]均明显下降,差异有显著性(P<0.05);两组IFN-γ/IL-4值比较,差异无显著性(P<0.05)。冠状动脉受累(CA)组[IFN-γ(28±15)ng/L、IL-4(31±14)ng/L]与无冠状动脉受累(NCA)组[IFN-γ(39±25)ng/L、IL-4(43±21)ng/L]比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05);同样,两组IFN-γ/IL-4值比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论KD急性期T细胞功能受抑,这或许是KD免疫学特征之一。     

过敏性紫癜患儿外周血CD40L mRNA表达及其与血清IL-6和IL-8的关系

目的 探讨过敏性紫癜患儿外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中CD40L mRNA的表达及其与血清中IL-6和IL-8的关系.方法 应用逆转录一聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR),从转录水平检测30例过敏性紫癜(HSP)患儿和20例正常儿童(对照组)PBMC中CD40L mRNA的表达,并应用ELISA双抗体夹心法检测血清中细胞因子IL-6和IL-8的水平.结果 HSP患儿(PBMC)中CD4JDL mRNA的表达明显高于对照组(P<0.05);HSP患儿血清中IL-6和IL-8水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05),加入抗-CD40L mAb后恢复正常.结论 HSP患儿PBMC中CD40L的表达异常增高,且CD40L的表达与血清中IL-6和IL-8呈正相关.     

呼吸窘迫综合征机械通气早产儿肺泡巨噬细胞表面mCD14的表达

目的探讨肺泡巨噬细胞(AM)表面mCD14的表达在新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)发病和并肺炎中的作用。方法用流式细胞仪检测早产新生儿呼吸道清洗液中AM表面mCD14的阳性表达率.用酶联免疫吸附试验检测早产新生儿呼吸道清洗液中IL-1β、IL-8含量。结果1.病例组AM的mCD14阳性表达率[(54.772±17.341)%]高于对照组[(14.023±10.713)%],差异有显著性(t=-7.739P<0.001);病例组IL-1β含量[(263.220±69.015)ng/L]高于对照组[(73.979±40.850)ng/L].差异有显著性(t=-9.139P<0.001);病例组IL-8含量[(377.564±165.867)ng/L]高于对照组[(61.064±39894)ng/L],差异有显著性(t=-7,185P<0.001)。2.IL-1β和IL-8均与AM表面的mCD14阳性表达率呈显著正相关(r=0872,0847P均<0.01);IL-8与IL-1β含量呈显著正相关(r=0.861P<0.01)。结论mCD14在AM表面的高表达以及细胞因子IL-1β和IL-8在NRDS发病及并肺部炎症的病理生理过程中起重要作用。     

树突状细胞在小儿哮喘发病机制中的作用

目的　探讨树突状细胞 (DC)在小儿哮喘发病中的可能作用及机制。方法　以Thomas法 ,采用粒 巨噬细胞集落刺激因子 ,白细胞介素 4 (IL 4 )和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF α)联合培养诱导哮喘患儿外周血DC细胞 ,进而检测DC协同刺激分子B7 1(CD80 )、B7 2 (CD86)的表达 ,DC诱导自体T淋巴细胞的增殖反应 ,以及其分泌的IL 10、IL 12等水平的变化。结果　哮喘患儿外周血DC诱导自体T淋巴细胞增殖反应明显高于对照组 (cpm值分别为 115 6 0± 12 6和 6 5 39± 12 6 ,t =12 1 6 96 ) ,差异有非常显著意义 (P <0 0 1) ;其分泌IL 10水平 [( 3 6± 0 3) μg/L]明显低于对照组 [( 6 9± 0 8) μg/L],差异有非常显著意义 (t=2 0 6 0 8,P <0 0 1) ;分泌IL 12水平 [( 2 9 7± 8 4 )ng/L]也明显低于对照组 [( 4 5 2± 9 8)ng/L],差异有非常显著意义 (t=5 979,P <0 0 1) ;同时 ,哮喘患儿外周血人类白细胞抗原DR( 19 9± 1 3)和协同刺激分子B7 2 (CD86)的表达水平 ( 36 3± 14 0 )明显高于对照组( 10 6± 1 5和 2 4 7± 8 5 ) ,差异有非常显著意义 (t分别 =2 3 30 1和 3 314 ,P均 <0 0 1)。结论　DC可能通过诱导TH1/TH2细胞分化在小儿哮喘发作时起重要作用。其可能的机制系通过DC分泌的细胞因子而起作用。     

肺炎支原体感染并支气管哮喘发作患儿血清白细胞介素-15的表达

目的研究IL-15在肺炎支原体(MP)感染在支气管哮喘发病中的作用。方法收集2003年6月~2005年4月MP感染并支气管哮喘发作患儿、单纯MP下呼吸道感染患儿、非MP下呼吸道感染患儿和正常对照儿童各30例,采用ELISA方法检测各组患儿外周血IL-15水平。结果外周血IL-15水平在MP感染并支气管哮喘发作组[(2.67±0.93)ng/L]明显高于其他各组,外周血IL-15水平在单纯MP下呼吸道感染组[(2.13±0.64)ng/L]和非MP下呼吸道感染组[(2.10±0.83)ng/L]均显著高于正常对照组[(1.02±0.35)ng/L],单纯MP下呼吸道感染组外周血IL-15水平与非MP下呼吸道感染组相比有所升高,但无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论MP感染后机体外周血IL-15水平升高可能参与支气管哮喘的发病过程。     

CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞与IL-33在儿童哮喘发病机制中的作用

目的 探讨CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞(Treg)与IL-33在儿童哮喘发病中的作用.方法 采用流式细胞仪检测45例哮喘患儿(哮喘组)、50例呼吸道合胞病毒感染喘息患儿(喘息组)及40例健康儿童(对照组)外周血CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞百分比,采用ELISA法检测各组外周血血清IFN-γ、IL-4、IL-5及IL-33浓度,进行比较分析.结果 哮喘组患儿体内CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg 水平较喘息组及对照组均降低(P<0.05);哮喘组患儿体内IL-33水平较喘息组及对照组均升高(P<0.05),哮喘组患儿体内CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg与IL-33呈负相关(r=-0.156,P<0.01).结论 在哮喘患儿发病机制中,CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg与IL-33可能存在相互作用.     

小儿脓毒症CD62p、CD63及CD64分子变化及临床意义探讨

目的探讨脓毒症患儿血小板仅颗粒膜糖蛋白（CD62p）、溶酶体膜蛋白（CD63）及中性粒细胞表面膜糖蛋白（CD64）的变化及意义。方法2010年3月至2013年3月哈尔滨市儿童医院感染内科收治的脓毒症患儿56例,其中严重脓毒症16例,一般脓毒症40例,另设健康对照组34例。应用流式细胞术检测儿童外周血的血小板表面活性标记糖蛋白CD62p、CD63及中性粒细胞CD64表达,并进行比较。结果严重脓毒症组患儿外周血的CD62p、CD63及CD64水平明显高于一般脓毒症组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;一般脓毒症组患儿CD62p、CD63及CD64水平明显高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。相关性分析显示,脓毒症患儿的CD62p、CD63与CD64水平呈正相关（r=0．817、0．796,P均〈0．001）,CD62p、CD63、CD64水平与小儿危重病例评分呈正相关（CD62p：r=0．883,P〈0．001;CD63：r=0．862,P〈0．001;CD64：r=0．805,P〈0．001）。结论CD62p、CD63、CD64与感染和炎症严重程度密切相关,可作为评价疾病严重程度及预后的指标。     

原发性肾病综合征患儿外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞及CD19+CD23+细胞水平的变化及其意义

目的通过观察原发性肾病综合征(PNS)患儿外周血淋巴细胞亚群,尤其是CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞及CD19+CD23+细胞水平的变化,探讨其免疫发病机制。方法采用双标法用流式细胞仪检测25例初发PNS患儿(PNS组)外周血T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3+、CD3+CD4+、CD3+CD8+、CD4+CD25+)、B淋巴细胞亚群(CD3-CD19+、CD19+CD23+)及自然杀伤细胞(CD3-CD16+56+)水平,同时选取同期19例健康儿童作为健康对照组。数据采用SPSS 15.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 PNS组患儿外周血中CD3+、CD3+CD8+、CD4+CD25+、CD19+CD23+淋巴细胞均显著高于健康对照组(Pa<0.05),而自然杀伤细胞则较健康对照组显著降低(P<0.05);PNS组CD3+CD4+、CD4+/CD8+、CD3-CD19+淋巴细胞与健康对照组比较差异无统计学意义。结论体内淋巴细胞亚群的紊乱参与了PNS的发病过程,其中CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞及CD19+CD23+细胞的变化为PNS的免疫治疗目标提供了理论依据。     

CD30 on stimulated CD4+ T lymphocytes in newborns regarding atopic heredity

CD30 was initially described as Ki-1 Ag on Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's lymphoma and its and CD30L(+) expression on T cells in placenta were equally frequent in the atopic and non-atopic women. In this article we present a study of CD30 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) on CB T CD4(+) cells. We tested the hypothesis that in newborns with atopy family history there is a changed CB T cells response after antigen stimulation comparing with those without atopy family history. The study population consisted of 31 newborn babies (29-breastfed, two non-breastfed) and their mothers. Eleven of them had positive and 20 had negative atopy family history. Performed tests included cord blood, which was a subject to flowcytometry analysis and was cultured for 24 h, cytokine production was measured (IFN- gamma, IL-4 and IL-12). Secondly, we measured total maternal and cord blood IgE levels. We studied CD30 MFI as in our studies in larger group of newborns, CD30 expression on CD4(+) T cells appeared to be very low. MFI of CD4(+) CD30(+) after PHA-stimulation (213.55: range: 41.77-434.51) was significantly increased compared to MFI of CD4(+) CD30(+) before PHA-stimulation (43.63: range 28.67-134.67)(p 0.05). After PHA stimulation MFI of CD4(+) CD30(+) in non-atopic (273.05 (range: 42.9-434.51) was significantly increased compared with the atopic newborns to MFI of 87.1 (range: 41.78-241.42) (p = 0.00). We have not found any correlation between MFI of CD4(+) CD30(+) and total maternal and total CB IgE levels. The role of CD30 in immunological response needs further research studies.     

Interleukin-15 enhances CD4+ CD45RA+ expression on umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells

The reduced incidence of graft‐vs.‐host disease following umbilical cord blood (CB) transplantation may be related to the functional immaturity of newborn T cells expressing mainly the naive CD45RA phenotype. Expansion of CD4⁺ CD45RA⁺ T cells using cytokines may benefit neonates and infants with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, as a preferential decline in CD4⁺ CD45RA⁺ cells has been noted as HIV disease progresses. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of interleukin (IL)‐15, a novel cytokine similar to IL‐2 in biological activities, on CD45RA/RO expression and apoptosis in umbilical cord blood (CB) and adult peripheral blood (APB) mononuclear cells (MNCs). Prior to culture, CB MNCs contained a greater number of CD4⁺ CD45RA⁺ cells and fewer CD4⁺ CD45RO⁺ cells than did APB MNCs. When incubated with RPMI‐1640 containing 10% fetal calf serum for 7 days, the percentage of CD45RA⁺ cells within CD4⁺ T cells (%CD45RA⁺/CD4⁺) significantly decreased compared to that of fresh CB MNCs. IL‐15 exerted a dose‐dependent increase of %CD45RA⁺/CD4⁺ and a corresponding decrease of %CD45RO⁺/CD4⁺ in CB MNCs, an effect not observed with APB MNCs treated with IL‐15. The percentages of CD45RA⁺ and CD45RO⁺ expression within CD8⁺ cells, however, were not influenced by IL‐15, in either CB or APB MNCs. A greater number of CB MNCs underwent apoptosis than did APB MNCs after 7 days of culture in RPMI‐1640 containing 10% fetal calf serum. IL‐15 did not inhibit apoptosis but induced proliferation comparable to that achieved in APB MNCs. The ability of IL‐15 to preferentially enhance the proliferation of CD4⁺ CD45RA⁺ cells in CB MNCs suggests a role for immunomodulative therapy in HIV‐infected newborns and infants.     

胃肠功能障碍患儿淋巴细胞CD11a与CD54的表达及意义

目的 探讨胃肠功能障碍患儿淋巴细胞CD11a、CD54的表达情况及临床意义.方法 采用流式细胞术检测20例胃肠功能障碍患儿和20例对照组患儿外周血淋巴细胞CD11a、CD54表达的阳性率及平均荧光强度.结果 胃肠功能障碍组CD11a、CD54表达的阳性率及平均荧光强度均明显高于对照组,差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论 胃肠功能障碍患儿淋巴细胞CD11a、CD54表达异常升高,可能为胃肠功能障碍发生发展的一个重要免疫因素,干预CD11a/CD54的黏附,可能为胃肠功能障碍的防治开辟新的途径.     

Unrelated CD3/CD19-Depleted Peripheral Stem Cell Transplantation for Hurler Syndrome

For patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type IH (MPS1-H; Hurler syndrome), early allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the treatment of choice. One boy and one girl aged 20.5 and 22 months, respectively, with MPS1-H received a conditioning regimen consisting of thiotepa, fludarabine, treosulfan, and ATG. Grafts were peripheral blood stem cells from unrelated donors (10/12 and 11/11 matched), that were manipulated by CD3/CD19 depletion and contained 20.3 and 28.2 × 10⁶ CD34+ cells/kg body weight, respectively. Both patients achieved stable hematopoietic engraftment and stable donor chimerism. Neither acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) nor other severe transplant-related complications occurred. At a follow-up of 48 and 37 months, both patients are alive and well with normal levels of α-L-iduronidase and have made major neurodevelopmental progress. Treosulfan-based conditioning offers the advantage of reduced toxicity; the use of unrelated CD3/CD19-depleted peripheral stem cell grafts allows transfusion of high CD34+ cell numbers together with a “tailored” number of CD3+ cells as well as engraftment facilitating cells in order to achieve rapid hematopoietic engraftment while reducing the risk of graft rejection and GVHD. This regimen might be an additional option when unrelated donor HSCT is considered for a patient with MPS1-H.