直肠癌淋巴结转移的临床规律探析

目的 探讨直肠癌淋巴结转移的临床规律,为直肠癌的临床诊治提供参考.方法 对我院2006年11月至2012年1月收治的222例行手术治疗的直肠癌患者资料进行分类整理,对各因素与淋巴结转移的相关性进行归纳分析,并进行Logistic回归分析.结果 (1)性别与淋巴结转移率没有明显的相关性(x2 =0.000,P＞0.05).(2)淋巴结的转移率随着年龄的增大而降低且差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.001,P＜0.05).(3)肿瘤所在部位与淋巴结转移率差异无统计学意义(x2 =0.052,P＞0.05),但有直肠癌距肛门越近淋巴结转移率越高的趋势,其大小与淋巴结转移率具有明显的相关性,2.5～5.5 cm组和≥5.5 cm组淋巴结转移率明显高于≤2.5 cm组且差异有统计学意义(x2=2.267,P＜0.05).(4)肿瘤侵犯肠管周径与淋巴结转移率密切相关(x2=2.323,P＜0.05).(5)淋巴结的转移率与浸润深度有密切关系,转移率随着浸润深度的增加而升高(x2=2.277,P＜0.05).(6)随着肿瘤分化程度的降低淋巴结的转移率显著升高(x2=4.322,P＜0.01).(7)Logistic回归分析表明,肿瘤分化程度、浸润程度及侵犯肠管周径对淋巴结转移有影响,OR(95％ CI)分别为5.562(0.105～0.444)、2.178(0.144 ～0.971)、1.563(0.038 ～8.613)(P均＜0.01).结论 直肠癌淋巴结转移与患者的年龄、肿瘤的大小、侵犯肠管的周径、浸润的深度以及分化的程度具有密切的相关性,其中肿瘤的分化程度对淋巴结转移的影响最为显著.     

Isolated splenic metastasis from rectal carcinoma.

Splenic metastasis is a late manifestation of disseminated disease. Focal metastatic splenic involvement, however, without evidence of additional systemic disease, is unique. Review of the literature yielded only one case of isolated splenic metastasis incidental to rectal carcinoma. We have reported an additional case of isolated solitary splenic metastasis from primary adenocarcinoma of the rectum. Theoretically, certain anatomic, histologic, and functional splenic attributes may limit splenic involvement from metastatic disease.     

Isolated splenic metastasis from primary lung adenocarcinoma

Metastatic disease involving the spleen is uncommon, and isolated metastasis to the spleen is extremely rare. Most patients with splenic metastases have widely disseminated metastatic disease. A current literature review shows the incidence of isolated splenic metastasis ranges from 0 to 26% of all patients with splenic metastases. The reported primary malignancies of patients with splenic metastases include lung, colorectal, endometrial, ovarian, thyroid, pancreatic, gastric cancers, and, most commonly, melanoma. Although most patients with splenic metastases are clinically asymptomatic for splenic lesions, there have been reports of painful splenomegaly, splenic vein thrombosis, and splenic rupture, making diagnosis and consideration of prompt therapeutic intervention important. The time from diagnosis of a primary lung tumor to the discovery of splenic metastases ranges from 0 to 8 years in the literature. We report a rare case of an asymptomatic, isolated splenic metastasis in a 72-year-old man diagnosed 25 months after resection of an adenocarcinoma of the lung.     

空洞型肺转移性腺癌的CT表现

肺转移性腺癌在临床上较为常见,但卒洞型转移(Cavi-tary pulmonary metastasis from adenocarcinoma,CPMAC)甚少[1-3],我们收集CPMAC患者30例,结合病理分析空洞CT表现,探讨其形成原因.     

Rare case of breast tumor secondary to rectal adenocarcinoma

Primary breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. Metastatic cancer to the breast is very rare. Colorectal cancers usually metastasize to the liver and the lung; other sites of metastasis from colon cancer are uncommon and are usually found in association with extensive liver and/or lung metastases. This is a report of a rare case of aggressive rectal cancer with metastasis to the breast without liver or lung metastases.     

Esophageal intramural metastasis from adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction

Among a total of 143 patients examined for diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the cardia, intramural esophageal metastases were verified in six patients (4.19 %). In each case the diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination. The histological structure of the primary tumors and metastases was the same. Metastases were detected by endoscopic ultrasound examination in three cases. All the cardia tumors proved to be well advanced. As well as endoscopic identification of the primary tumor, thorough examination of the proximal part of the esophagus is of great importance.     

Beyond adenocarcinoma: MRI of uncommon rectal neoplasms and mimickers

Abdominal Radiology - To provide a review of rare rectal tumors beyond adenocarcinoma. Rectal cancer is a common malignancy, both in the United States and abroad. In addition to adenocarcinoma,...     

Cutaneous metastasis of esophageal adenocarcinoma with an unusual presentation

We describe an unusual presentation of a cutaneous metastasis of esophageal adenocarcinoma in the left tempero-parietal skull and the sonographic features that helped establish the diagnosis. The patient had a primary tumor surgically resected 4 years earlier and was in clinical remission at the time of presentation. The patient presented to our radiology department with a lump on the head after a fall, and sonographic examination was recommended to assess the presumed posttraumatic hematoma. The examination revealed typical features of malignancy: a superficial solid mass invading the skull surrounded by an irregular network of blood vessels. This was confirmed on CT, and a definitive diagnosis was obtained on histologic analysis following sonographically guided biopsy.     

直肠癌肝转移术前导管化疗的临床意义

目的探讨直肠癌肝转移术前导管化疗的临床意义,评价其在综合治疗中的作用。方法术前行介入治疗1-2次。化疗方案如下:阿霉素10mg、5-Fu1000mg、卡铂40mg。对于肝转移者,行碘油栓塞,共有6例行栓塞治疗。结果介入治疗后全部病例存活均超过1年,其中有6例3年以上,2例1年,4例2年死亡,为多发转移,4例3年死亡。结论直肠癌合并肝脏转移行术前介入治疗是综合治疗的重要环节,可以明显提高患着的生存质量。     

Brain metastasis: an unusual complication from prostatic adenocarcinoma

A 61-year-old man with known prostatic carcinoma presented with acute mental status changes. Radiographic evaluation revealed a large intraparenchymal brain mass. Surgical biopsy demonstrated metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Our review of the literature reveals that cerebral metastasis is a rare complication of prostate cancer.     

Bilateral endobronchial metastasis in postoperative stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma

We reported a case of bilateral endobronchial metastasis in postoperative synchronous adenocarcinoma. Twenty months ago, a 63-year-old man underwent combined operation. Biopsy was performed, histological diagnosis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. When surgery is not indicated because the patient has decreased pulmonary function and contralateral metastatic lesions, the Nd-YAG laser has been used to treat focal malignancy of the trachea and mainstem bronchi, and the laser has been effective, especially in patients with inoperable lesions.     

直肠腺瘤和直肠癌中 microRNA 表达谱差异

目的对直肠癌miRNA表达谱进行初步研究,以期发现在直肠癌发生过程中与直肠腺瘤miRNA的差异表达谱,并预测可能受其调控的靶基因。方法选择2011年1～3月于解放军第306医院肠镜检查的直肠癌及直肠腺瘤进行检测,筛选直肠癌、直肠腺瘤组织差异表达的miRNA,并运用生物信息软件分析其靶基因。结果通过miRNAs芯片检测,发现直肠腺癌与直肠腺瘤相比,上调的miRNA 34种,下调8种。预测ZFHX4可能为miR-375的靶基因,预测SMAD2等可能为miR-18a的靶基因。结论与直肠腺瘤相比,直肠腺癌有其特异的miRNA表达谱,miRNA在直肠癌的发生中可能起到重要作用。     

直肠癌根治术后肝转移的危险因素分析

目的分析影响直肠癌根治术后肝转移的危险因素。方法对本院2005年9月至2010年8月收治的97例患者进行回顾分析,分析肝转移发生的相关危险因素。结果比较未发生肝转移与发生肝转移患者的一般临床特征,发现年龄、血型、肝功能指标、肿瘤分化程度及肿瘤大小等差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而两组浸润深度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),肝转移患者浸润深度较深,显示出该因素易引发术后肝转移。对出现肝转移患者的临床指征进行单因素回归分析,可见除淋巴结转移外(P<0.05),Dukes分期、血管神经侵犯等均非影响直肠癌根治术后肝转移的独立危险因素(P>0.05)。结论淋巴结转移情况及浸润深度是影响直肠癌根治术后肝转移的主要因素,出现淋巴结转移、肿瘤侵袭深度增加,则术后肝转移发生率上升。     

膀胱癌阴茎转移二例报告并文献复习

病例1,患者,男性,69岁,因"发现膀胱肿瘤6年,膀胱全切术后3年,阴茎疼痛5个月"入院.该患者于入院前6年因血尿于外院行经尿道膀胱结石碎石+经尿道前列腺电切术手术时初发现膀胱占位,当时即行膀胱肿物电切.术后3年复发,行经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术后病理提示:乳头状浸润性移行细胞癌G3 (高级别尿路上皮癌),侵犯肌层,PT2,...