Adenosine deaminase in body fluids: a useful diagnostic tool in tuberculosis

The performance of a colorimetric ADA determination in body fluids other than serum in the diagnosis of tuberculosis was assessed in 1063 patients from whom pleural (600), peritoneal (136), pericardial (77), or cerebrospinal (250) fluids were obtained. In exudative pleuroperitoneal and pericardial effusions, an ADA decision level of 0.71 mu kat/L displayed a sensitivity of 1.00, and was higher than those of histologic (0.83) and bacteriologic (0.62) studies. At this level, ADA reached a specificity of 0.92 and efficiency of 0.94. In cerebrospinal fluid, an ADA catalytic concentration above 0.15 mu kat/L strongly suggests tuberculous meningitis in patients older than 7 years (sensitivity 1.00, specificity 0.99 and efficiency 0.99). ADA results obtained with a UV-method were closely correlated with those of the colorimetric method in pleuroperitoneal effusions (r = 0.989) and in cerebrospinal fluids (r = 0.905). Sample blanks should be processed, otherwise false positive results may be found in non-tuberculous cerebrospinal fluids (5.3%) and pleuroperitoneal effusions (3.8%).     

Concurrent measurement of adenosine deaminase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion

Measurement of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels aids diagnosing tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE). Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP) enzyme is closely related to ADA. Our aim was to determine the value of concurrent measurement of these T-cell–associated enzymes, ADA and DPP levels in the diagnosis of TPE. Patients with pleural effusion were grouped as TPE, parapneumonic, malignant, congestive heart failure related, and miscellaneous pleural effusions. Pleural and serum ADA and DPP levels were measured. Pleural and serum levels of ADA and pleural DPP were higher in TPE group than the rest. In 7 patients, pleural biopsy revealed granulomatous pleuritis. All of these patients had TPE and had elevated serum and pleural ADA levels. Serum and pleural ADA or DPP levels and pleural ADA and DPP levels correlated with each other. Selecting cutoff values of 40 and 27 IU/L for pleural ADA and DPP, respectively, the sensitivity of concurrent measurement of both enzymes was 77%, specificity 94%, and diagnostic efficiency 91%. ADA and DPP play an important role in tuberculous immunopathogenesis. The utility of DPP in the diagnosis of TPE has never been determined before. Concurrent measurement of ADA–DPP can aid in diagnosing TPE with higher specificity, sensitivity, and efficiency.     

Diagnostic value of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase activity in tuberculous pleurisy

BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis is difficult because of its nonspecific clinical presentation and insufficient efficiency of traditional diagnostic methods. We investigated the use of adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in tuberculous pleuritis diagnosis. METHODS: We optimized a kinetic assay and retrospectively analysed 210 patients with exudative pleural effusions. Using the ROC curve, we determined the optimal cutoff for TB pleurisy. RESULTS: One hundred forty-seven exudative samples were nontuberculous (non-TB) and 63 were tuberculous (TB). There was statistically significant difference (p<0.0001) between the means of pleural fluid ADA levels among the TB and non-TB populations. The disease prevalence of TB pleurisy in the studied population was 30%. The cutoff value for diagnosing TB effusions was >55.8 U/L, with a sensitivity of 87.3% (95% CI: 76.5-94.3%) and specificity of 91.8% (95% CI: 86.2-95.7%). The positive predictive value (PPV) was 82.1% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 94.4%. A pleural fluid ADA value <16.81 IU/L suggests that a tuberculous effusion is highly unlikely (100% sensitive with 100% NPV and 0% negative likelihood ratio for a pleural fluid ADA level>/=16.81 U/L). In addition, the area under the ROC curve was 0.933 (S.E.=0.0230, 95% CI: 0.890-0.963). CONCLUSION: Pleural fluid total ADA assay is a sensitive and specific test suitable for rapid diagnosis of TB pleurisy.     

D-二聚体、CEA及ADA联合检测在结核性与恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的价值

目的：探讨联合检测D-二聚体（DD）、癌胚抗原（CEA）、腺苷脱胺酶（ADA）对胸腔积液性质判断的临床价值。方法：分别采用乳胶免疫比浊法、化学发光免疫法、比色法测量临床确诊的80例结核性胸腔积液和120例恶性胸腔积液患者胸水中D-二聚体、CEA及ADA含量。结果：结核性胸腔积液组D-二聚体、ADA水平显著高于恶性胸腔积液组,而CEA水平明显低于恶性胸腔积液组。结核性胸腔积液中,D-二聚体诊断的灵敏度为72．5％,特异度为61．1％;CEA诊断的灵敏度为22．2％,特异度为13．9％;ADA诊断的灵敏度为64％,特异度为75％。三者联合诊断的灵敏度为97．5％,特异度为91．7％。结论：联合检测D-二聚体、CEA、ADA有助于良恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断,有效减少漏诊及误诊。     

Serodiagnosis of pericardial tuberculosis

The AIDS epidemic has led to the resurgence of tuberculosis.Extrapulmonary manifestations may appear in over half of thepatients who are dually infected. This has resulted in a risingincidence of tuberculous pericarditis in several parts of Africasuch as Tanzania. We tested a solid-phase antibody competitionsandwich ELISA (SACT-SE) as a potential means of diagnosingtuberculous pericarditis. Fifty-one African patients with clinicallydiagnosed tuberculous pericardial effusion (of whom 25 had confirmationby pericardial fluid culture) were tested using a monoclonalantibody (CDC/WHO ref. no. IT39) which was raised against aspecific epitope on the Mycobacterium tuberculosis 30 kDa antigen.All but one patient had negative sputum microscopy for acid-fastbacilli. A sensitivity of 61 %(at 96%specificity) was achieved.Sera from 25 African patients with smear-positive tuberculosiswere also examined; of which 20 tested positive (sensitivity80%). This is the largest study to date on the potential applicationof serology in diagnosing pericardial tuberculosis.     

Diagnostic value of leptin in tuberculous pleural effusions

It is suggested that leptin may be involved in inflammation. Although relation between leptin levels and active pulmonary tuberculosis has been studied, there is no information about relation between leptin levels and tuberculous pleural effusions (TPE). We evaluated the diagnostic value of pleural fluid and serum leptin levels in TPE and compared them with adenosine deaminase (ADA). Forty-five patients, 17 tuberculous effusion and 28 nontuberculous effusion, with exudative pleural effusions were included. Leptin and ADA levels were measured from serum and pleural fluid in all patients. There were no statistically significant differences between tuberculous and nontuberculous groups with respect to the serum ADA activity and pleural fluid/serum leptin ratio. On the contrary, pleural fluid leptin level, pleural fluid ADA activity, serum leptin level and pleural fluid/serum ADA activity ratio were statistically different between tuberculous and nontuberculous groups. When leptin levels were corrected for body mass index, serum leptin levels did not reach statistical significance. Cut-off points to predict tuberculosis were calculated as 9.85 ng/ml and 35.55 U/l for pleural fluid leptin level and pleural fluid ADA activity, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve +/- standard error were 82.4%, 82.1%, 0.83 +/- 0.07 for pleural fluid leptin levels and 100%, 100%, 1.00 +/- 0.00 for pleural fluid ADA activity, respectively; the difference between these curves was significant (p = 0.01). Pleural fluid leptin levels were lower in tuberculous effusions than in other exudates. Pleural fluid leptin has a diagnostic value for TPE but not as good as that of ADA.     

检测LAM-IgG、TB-DNA、ADA、CEA、CEA-mRNA鉴别诊断结核性与恶性胸水

目的　评价应用胸水标本检测阿拉伯糖甘露糖脂IgG抗体(LAM -IgG)、结核杆菌DNA(TB -DNA)、腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)、癌胚抗原(CEA)和CEA mRNA等项指标诊断结核性与恶性胸水的价值。方法　结核性胸水(结核组)和恶性胸水(恶性组)各53例,采集胸水为检测标本,应用斑点免疫金渗滤试验技术检测LAM IgG、酶促反应终点法检测ADA、磁酶免技术检测CEA、聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术检测TB DNA和CEA -mRNA。结果　LAM IgG、TB DNA、ADA、CEA和CEA mRNA的阳性结果分别为:结核组32 (60.4%)、38 (71.7%)、44 (83.0%)、3 (5.7%)和4(7.5%),恶性组4(7.5%)、2(3.8%)、8(15.1%)、31(58.5%)和43(81.1%),组间比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。结论　LAM -IgG、TB -DNA在诊断结核性胸水方面具有较高的特异性和敏感性,CEA、CEA- mRNA在诊断恶性胸水方面具有较高的特异性和敏感性,ADA对两种胸水诊断的特异性较低,但敏感性较高。     

T-SPOT.TB联合ADA活性检测对结核性胸腔积液患者诊断效能的影响

目的:探讨T-SPOT.TB联合ADA活性检测对结核性胸腔积液患者诊断效能的影响。方法:选取2018年1月〜2020年6月我院结核性胸腔积液患者64例作为观察组,同期非结核性胸腔积液患者53例作为对照组。均行T-SPOT.TB、ADA活性检测,对比两组T-SPOT.TB、ADA水平,统计T-SPOT.TB、ADA单独及联合检测结果,分析二者联合检测对结核性胸腔积液诊断效能的影响。结果:观察组T-SPOT.TB阳性率、ADA水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);T-SPOT.TB单独检测阳性52例,阴性65例;ADA单独检测阳性55例,阴性62例;T-SPOT.TB联合ADA活,性检测阳性68例,阴性59例,T-SPOT.TB联合ADA活,性检测结核性胸腔积液的敏感度92.19%高于T-SPOT.TB 71.88%、ADA 75.00%单独诊断,漏诊率7.81%低于T-SPOT.TB 28.13%,ADA 25.00%单独诊断,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);T-SPOT.TB联合ADA活性检测结核性胸腔积液的特异度、准确率、误诊率、阳性预测值、阴性预测值与T-SPOT.TB、ADA活性检测单独诊断对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:结核性胸腔积液患者T-SPOT.TB、ADA水平升高显著,二者联合检测可进一步提高诊断效能,便于为临床鉴别诊断,制定治疗方案提供参考。     

Automated analysis of pleural fluid total and differential leukocyte counts with the Sysmex XE-2100.

BACKGROUND: Determination of leukocyte (WBC) counts in pleural fluid is routinely performed by microscopic examination. In this study, we evaluated the performance of automated (differential) WBC counting in comparison with manual counting. METHODS: Pleural fluid samples (n=45) were obtained from patients undergoing diagnostic thoracocentesis. The manual total WBC count was determined after Samson staining in a Fuchs-Rosenthal hemocytometer; microscopic differential counts were performed on May-Grünwald Giemsa-stained cytospin slides. The Sysmex XE-2100 hematology analyzer was used for automated (differential) WBC counting. The functional detection limit was determined by serial dilution of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) fluid and replicate measurements of each dilution. RESULTS: The automated WBC count (x10(6)/L) was highly correlated with that of the microscopic reference method (r(2)=0.95; WBC-analyzer=0.97 x WBC-reference method+16; n=45). Good agreement was also observed for the absolute lymphocyte count (r(2)=0.92; WBC-analyzer=0.99 x WBC-reference method+32; n=36), neutrophil count (r(2)=0.94; WBC-analyzer=0.91 x WBC-reference method+6; n=35), and monocyte count (r(2)=0.73; WBC-analyzer=0.83 x WBC-reference method+6; n=38). The functional detection limit for WBCs was calculated at 50 x 10(6)/L (coefficient of variation 20%). CONCLUSIONS: With some limitations, total and differential WBC counts in pleural fluid can be reliably determined using the Sysmex XE-2100 instrument.     

T-SPOT．TB 和 ADA 在结核性胸膜炎中的诊断价值

目的：评价外周血结核杆菌感染 T 细胞斑点试验（T-SPOT．TB）和胸腔积液腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）检测对结核性胸膜炎的辅助诊断价值。方法前瞻性纳入疑诊结核性胸膜炎患者62例,进行外周血 T-SPOT．TB、胸腔积液 ADA 检测,利用 ROC曲线探讨胸腔积液 ADA 诊断结核性胸膜炎的最佳临界值。结果根据诊断及分组标准,最终诊断结核性胸膜炎24例,非结核性胸膜炎33例,无法确定者5例,外周血 T-SPOT．TB 诊断结核性胸膜炎的灵敏度为91．7％,特异度为81．8％,阳性预测值78．6％,阴性预测值93．1％;结核性胸膜炎组 ADA 活性为（40．5±15．4）IU/L,非结核性胸膜炎组 ADA 活性为（12．4±9．5）IU/L,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）;将 ADA 活性的临界值定为22．5 IU/L,其灵敏度和特异度分别为83．3％和84．8％;联合 T-SPOT．TB 与 ADA 检测灵敏度为95．8％。结论外周血 T-SPOT．TB 联合胸腔积液 ADA 对诊断结核性胸膜炎具有较高的灵敏度,对疑似结核性胸膜炎患者的快速、准确诊断具有重要的辅助诊断价值。     

Constrictive pericarditis: detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in paraffin-embedded pericardial tissues by polymerase chain reaction

BACKGROUND: Although the utility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for diagnosis of acute pleuro-pericardial tuberculosis has been well established, its use for chronic constrictive pericarditis is yet to be reported. AIMS: To define the sensitivity and specificity of PCR for diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in patients with constrictive pericarditis. METHODS: The medical records of 30 consecutive patients with constrictive pericarditis were reviewed. In addition their historical paraffin-embedded pericardial tissues were used for new histopathologic examination and PCR amplification for Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome. RESULTS: There were 23 males and 7 females with a mean age of 35+/-19.5 years. The anticipated causes of constriction included idiopathic (n=21), tuberculosis (n=5), cardiac surgery (n=2) and post traumatic (n=2). PCR became positive in nine patients. Four out of 5 patients with tuberculous granuloma had a positive test result. In addition all 4 patients with non-tuberculous constrictive pericarditis had a negative test result. Therefore considering the presence or absence of granuloma as a diagnostic criteria, the sensitivity and specificity of PCR were 4/5 (80%) and 20/25 (80%), respectively.     

Informative value of adenosine deaminase and 2-deoxyadenosine deaminase in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and 2-deoxyadenosine deaminase (2-deoxyADA) activities were measured in pleural exudation of different origin in 373 patients (124 of these with serous tuberculous pleurisy and 75 with specific empyema). High diagnostic value of ADA activity in the presence of threshold value higher than 35 Units/liter was established: the sensitivity of the test in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy and empyema was 94.4 and 93.3% respectively, specificity 93.0 and 89.5%, respectively. Judging by the coefficient of 2-deoxyADA/ADA, total ADA activity is determined by the activity of ADA-2 isoenzyme, while in tuberculous empyema by ADA-1. Additional use of this coefficient, requiring measurement of 2-deoxyADA activity, does not improve the efficiency of the diagnostic process, including measurement of total ADA activity in pleural exudate.     

多项指标检测在胸腔积液诊断中的价值

目的 探讨胸腔积液患者胸液中ADA、LDH、GLU、TBAb、CA242、CEA和SA七项指标对胸腔积液性质鉴别诊断的实用价值。方法将不同病因的胸腔积液患者145例分为结核性渗出液组65例、恶性渗出液组55例和化脓渗出液组25例。平行检测患者胸液中七项指标水平。结果 结核性胸液组ADA值(114±23.6u／l)和TBAb阳性率为95.4％明显高于癌性(ADA57 12.6u／l)和化脓性胸液组(ADA61 11.9U／l)(均P<0.01)。化脓性胸液组LDH(1069±39.7u／l)水平明显高于癌性(594 34.6u／l)和结核性(638 31.9u／l)胸液组,而GLU(3.01±0.56mmol／l)水平明显低于恶性(6.13 0.91mmol／l)和结核性(5.45 0.86mmol／l)胸液组(均P<0.01)。恶性胸液组CA242(63.7 11.4ku／l)和CEA(71.6 15.6ug/l)水平明显高于结核性(20.1 4.5ku／l 17.6 5.7ug／l)和化脓性(16.9 3.8ku／l 14.2 5.lug／l)渗出液组(均P<0.01)。结论ADA和TBAb联合检测对鉴别诊断结核性胸液有较高的实用价值,LDH和GLU联合检测对鉴别诊断化脓性胸液有较大价值,CA242和CEA联合检测对鉴别诊断有很大实用价值。     

MRI联合脑脊液检测在诊断中枢神经感染中有较高临床价值

目的探讨MRI联合脑脊液（CSF）检查在诊断和鉴别中枢神经感染中的临床价值。方法选取2019年1月~2020年5月在我院治疗的中枢神经系统感染性疾病患者151例,其中病毒性脑膜炎84例,化脓性脑膜炎35例,结核性脑膜炎32例,均给予MRI检查,检查CSF中的乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、蛋白、乳酸和白细胞计数（WBC）。结果结核性脑膜炎MRI异常检出率高于病毒性脑膜炎和化脓性脑膜炎（P < 0.05）;病毒性脑膜炎和化脓性脑膜炎MRI异常检出率比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）;病毒性脑膜炎病灶区域脑膜强化检出率高于化脓性脑膜炎和结核性脑膜炎（P < 0.05）;化脓性脑膜炎病灶呈环形强化检出率高于病毒性脑膜炎（P < 0.05）;结核性脑膜炎颅底脑膜强化检出率高于病毒性脑膜炎和化脓性脑膜炎（P < 0.05）;病毒性脑膜炎CSF中LDH、蛋白、乳酸和WBC明显低于化脓性脑膜炎和结核性脑膜炎（P < 0.05）;结核性脑膜炎CSF中LDH高于化脓性脑膜炎（P < 0.05）,而蛋白和WBC低于化脓性脑膜炎（P < 0.05）;筛选出LDH（X₁）、蛋白（X₂）和WBC（X₃）3个指标建立判别函数,即：Y_病脑=-0.056X₁- 0.065X₂-0.062X₃+1.168,Y_化脑=-0.041X₁+0.102X₂+0.089X₃-1.102,Y_结脑=0.112X₁-0.057X₂-0.078+1.032;MRI联合CSF参数函数诊断病毒性脑膜炎的敏感度、特异性和准确率分别为79.76%、74.63%和77.48%,诊断化脓性脑膜炎的敏感度、特异性和准确率分别为80.00%、81.03%和80.79%,诊断结核性脑膜炎的敏感度、特异性和准确率分别为78.13%、84.87%和83.44%。结论MRI联合CSF检测在诊断和鉴别中枢神经感染中有较高应用价值,值得临床使用。     

胸腹腔积液细胞形态及计数联合腺苷脱氨酶检测对结核性浆膜炎的诊断效能

目的探讨胸腹腔积液中各种细胞形态及计数联合腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）检测对结核性浆膜炎的诊断价值，采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线和Logistic回归评价其价值。 方法选取2018年6月至2019年6月临床病例328例（包括结核组177例，非结核组151例），进行浆膜腔常规细胞形态学各指标分析及ADA检测，建立Logistic回归模型，并绘制ROC曲线评价其预测效能。 结果最终纳入模型的指标包括：有核细胞数量（×10⁶/L）、淋巴细胞比例（%）、淋巴细胞数量（×10⁶/L）、间皮细胞比例（%）、间皮细胞数量（×10⁶/L）、ADA（mg/L）、异型淋巴细胞/淋巴母细胞、核异质间皮细胞共8项指标，Logistic回归模型联合检测ROC曲线下面积为0.971［95%CI（0.955~0.986）］，敏感度和特异度分别为90.0%，94.0%，均高于单项检测。 结论浆膜腔常规细胞形态学分析联合ADA检测回归模型的建立对结核性浆膜炎具有较高的预测准确性及临床实用性。     

3项联合检测在诊断结核性和恶性胸腔积液中的价值

目的测定胸腔积液和血清中腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)与癌胚抗原(CEA)的水平,探讨其指标联合检测对结核性和恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断意义。方法收集临床已确诊的86例胸腔积液患者(结核性48例,恶性38例)的胸腔积液和血清分别采用酶免疫法和化学发光法进行ADA、LDH和CEA含量测定。结果结核性胸腔积液ADA含量较恶性胸腔积液组明显增高(P0.01),CEA在恶性胸腔积液中含量较结核性胸腔积液组明显增高(P0.01)。3项指标联合检测敏感性为78.3%,特异性为93.7%,较单一指标的特异性高。结论联合检测ADA、LDH和CEA对不明原因的胸腔积液,在诊断和鉴别诊断上具有重要意义,能提高诊断准确率。     

T细胞斑点试验在结核性脑膜炎诊断中的应用价值

目的分析结核感染T细胞斑点试验(T-SPOT.TB)在结核性脑膜炎诊断中的应用价值。方法以2017年1月-2019年12月安徽省胸科医院收治的93例脑膜炎患者为研究对象,其中确诊或临床诊断为结核性脑膜炎62例,非结核性脑膜炎31例。所有入组患者治疗前均检测外周血T-SPOT.TB,脑脊液腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)、结核分枝杆菌DNA(TBDNA)、抗酸杆菌(AFB)涂片,对试验结果进行分析。结果外周血T-SPOT.TB检测诊断结核性脑膜炎的灵敏度为82.3%(51/62),特异度为80.7%(25/31),灵敏度明显高于脑脊液ADA(61.3%,38/62)、脑脊液TB-DNA(27.4%,17/62)、脑脊液AFB涂片(16.1%,10/62),差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线及其曲线下面积(AUC)来分析不同试验方法的诊断价值,外周血T-SPOT.TB、脑脊液ADA、脑脊液TB-DNA和脑脊液AFB涂片的AUC值分别为0.815、0.661、0.637、0.581。外周血T-SPOT.TB在结核性脑膜炎中的诊断效能最高。结论外周血T-SPOT.TB在结核性脑膜炎的诊断中,可作为可靠的辅助参考指标之一。     

ROC曲线评价腺苷脱氨酶在结核性、恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值

目的探讨腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）测定在结核性胸腔积液及恶性胸腔积液患者的鉴别诊断价值。方法应用受试者工作曲线（ROC）对176例结核性胸腔积液患者及162例恶性胸腔积液患者的胸腔积液ADA、血清ADA、胸腔积液ADA/血清ADA检测结果进行分析评价。结果 （1）血清ADA在两组资料间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,胸腔积液ADA、胸腔积液ADA/血清ADA在两组资料间比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,二者的敏感性分别为92.9%、71.9%,特异性分别为94.7%、100%,准确度分别为93.4%、78.6%。（2）胸腔积液ADA、胸腔积液ADA/血清ADA在ROC曲线下面积分别为0.942、0.909。胸腔积液ADA、胸腔积液ADA/血清ADA对结核性胸腔积液的临床诊断临界点分别为16.4U/L、2.57。结论胸腔积液ADA在结核性和恶性胸腔积液的鉴别中具有重要的临床价值,可作为结核性胸腔积液的生物标志物。     

结核杆菌γ-干扰素体外释放试验对结核性胸腔积液的诊断价值

目的探讨体外释放酶联免疫法检测结核杆菌γ-干扰素(TB-IGRA)对结核性胸腔积液的诊断价值。 方法收集济宁医学院附属医院呼吸科2014年1～9月诊治的55例结核性和49例恶性胸腔积液患者的病例资料,对患者进行TB-IGRA、细菌涂片镜检、结核菌素皮试(PPD)和结核杆菌抗体等检测,并对以上诊断方法进行比较分析。同时联合检测血清癌胚抗原(CEA)及胸腔积液腺苷脱氨酶(ADA),以评估TB-IGRA联合CEA和ADA对鉴别诊断结核性胸腔积液的意义。采用SPSS 17.0统计软件进行数据分析,阳性例数以率表示,并进行卡方检验。CEA和ADA的测定值用均数±标准差表示,显著性检验用t检验。 结果55例结核组患者TB-IGRA阳性53例,达96.36%;49例恶性组患者TB-IGRA阳性1例,仅2.04%,两组差异有统计学意义(χ²＝88.62,P<0.05)。结核组血清CEA水平[(2.34±1.80)μg/L]显著低于恶性组[(2 358.68±1 069.40)μg/L,t＝－15.42,P<0.05];胸腔积液ADA水平[(57.51±26.90)U/L]显著高于恶性组[(14.43±3.57)U/L,t＝11.76 ,P<0.05]。结核组中TB-IGRA、涂片镜检、PPD试验以及结核杆菌抗体的阳性率分别为96.36%、22.64%、46.67%和35.14%,TB-IGRA的阳性检测率最高(χ²＝78.60,P<0.05);TB-IGRA对诊断结核性胸腔积液的敏感度(95.65%)、特异度(96.77%)、阳性预测值(97.78%)、阴性预测值(93.75%)及准确性(92.42%)最高。 结论与传统的检测指标相比,TB-IGRA更具灵敏性和特异性;TB-IGRA联合CEA、ADA检测对诊断结核性胸腔积液具有极为重要的临床价值。     

胸水中IL-18、IFN-γ和ADA检测对结核性和恶性胸水的鉴别诊断价值

[目的]探讨白细胞介素-18（IL-18）,γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）和腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）对结核性和恶性胸水的鉴别诊断价值.[方法]将胸水标本分为结核性胸水组和恶性胸水组,用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测IL-18和IFN-γ水平,用酶速率法检测ADA 水平.[结果] 结核性胸水组中IL-18、IFN-γ和ADA水平均显著高于恶性胸水组（P〈0.01）.IL-18界值为82.92 pg/mL时,敏感度为82.8%,特异性为92.3%.IFN-γ界值为50.78 pg/mL时,敏感度为82.8%,特异性为92.3%.ADA界值为38.35 U/L时,敏感度为82.8%,特异性为94.9%.[结论]胸水中IL-18、IFN-γ和ADA检测对结核性胸水和恶性胸水有鉴别诊断意义.