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Katherine E. Arden Anne B. Chang Stephen B. Lambert Michael D. Nissen Theo P. Sloots Ian M. Mackay 《Journal of medical virology》2010,82(8):1458-1461
There are few data describing the comprehensive identification in and influence of newly identified respiratory viruses on asthma exacerbations. Most studies focus on inpatients. In this preliminary study, the point prevalence and the associations of picornavirus species described recently and human bocavirus (HBoV) with the recovery from exacerbations in non‐hospitalized asthmatic children (median age 5.1 years) were examined. Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) were present in 52.6% of specimens, HBoV‐1 was in 7.7%. Viral co‐detections occurred in 25.6% of children and were associated (P = 0.04) with lower asthma quality of life scores upon presentation than were single viral detections. The undifferentiated presence or absence of virus did not influence the severity of asthma or recovery however when virus species were examined individually, specific clinical associations emerged. HRV species C (HRV‐Cs) were the viruses most frequently detected as single virus detections. Among 41 genotyped HRVs, more HRV‐Cs (n = 23) were identified than HRV‐As (n = 16) however HRV‐A detection was associated (P = 0.01) with worse asthma symptoms and cough for longer than was HRV‐C detection. Larger, PCR‐based studies are required to elucidate further the true impact of HRV species in childhood asthma exacerbations of both hospitalized and non‐hospitalized cohorts. J. Med. Virol. 82:1458–1461, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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Effects of human rhinovirus on epithelial barrier integrity and function in children with asthma 下载免费PDF全文
K. Looi A. G. Buckley P. J. Rigby L. W. Garratt T. Iosifidis G. R. Zosky A. N. Larcombe F. J. Lannigan K.‐M. Ling K. M. Martinovich E. Kicic‐Starcevich N. C. Shaw E. N. Sutanto D. A. Knight A. Kicic S. M. Stick 《Clinical and experimental allergy》2018,48(5):513-524
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Tuomas Jartti Unna Liimatainen Paraskevi Xepapadaki Tero Vahlberg Claus Bachert Susetta Finotto Marek L Kowalski Anna Sobanska Heikki Lukkarinen Maria Pasioti Tytti Vuorinen Nan Zhang Theodor Zimmermann Nikolaos G Papadopoulos 《Allergy》2021,76(1):247-254
Background
Investigation of preschool asthma is important since not all children outgrow their illness during this age. Data are scarce on the role of rhinovirus (RV) infections in this patient group.Objectives
To investigate the role of RV infections in preschool asthma: (i) susceptibility factors, (ii) clinical course, and (iii) medium-term outcome.Methods
A total of 130 asthmatic children aged 4-6 years from the multinational PreDicta cohort were prospectively followed for a 12-month period. Allergy tests and a standard health questionnaire were carried out at study entry. Respiratory virus presence in nasopharyngeal washes was studied at illness visits and at 3 scheduled visits.Results
At study entry, mean age of the children was 5.3 years. Of 571 visits, 54% were positive for any virus and 39% for RV. Patient characteristics were only assessed with RV infection due to low number of other viruses. The use of supplementary vitamin D was inversely associated with RV infection (P < .05). RV infection was associated with more severe course of acute illness in terms of more severe nighttime coughing, more sleep disturbances, and more days with runny nose (all P < .05). RV infection was also associated with more severe disease course during the 12-month follow-up in terms of more nights with awakenings and more days of exercise-related symptoms (both P < .05).Conclusions
Vitamin D supplementation may have an anti-rhinovirus effect. Both short- and medium-term outcomes suggest RV infection to be an important clinical marker of instable preschool asthma.6.
Itazawa T Adachi Y Imamura H Okabe Y Yamamoto J Onoue Y Adachi YS Miyawaki T Murakami G 《Allergy》2001,56(9):895-898
BACKGROUND: Although the association between acute asthma exacerbation and viral infection has been well documented, virus identification rates vary. It has recently been reported that the expression of MxA protein in lymphocytes, inducible by type I interferons, can serve as a sensitive marker for viral infection in the host. The objective was to determine the contribution of viral infection to precipitation of asthma attacks in children. METHODS: We studied 186 asthmatic children, aged 0-12 years, over a 1-year period to evaluate MxA protein levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes by using a flow cytometric analysis in whole blood. RESULTS: Of all the subjects, 80 (47%) exhibited significantly elevated levels of MxA expression in lymphocytes, presumably indicating the states of viral infection. The association of viral infections with acute asthma exacerbation seemed to be marked in younger children: enhanced MxA expression was seen in 73.3% of infants (aged 0-1 year), 49.5% of toddlers (aged 2-5 years), and 26% of schoolchildren (aged 6-12 years). Seasonal changes in the frequency of viral infection associated with deterioration were also observed. CONCLUSIONS: Flow cytometric assay of MxA protein expression in whole blood appears to be an easy and useful method to evaluate viral infections in acute asthma exacerbation. 相似文献
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B. J. Hales A. C. Martin L. J. Pearce K. Rueter G. Zhang S-K Khoo C. M. Hayden J. Bizzintino P. McMinn G. C. Geelhoed W-M Lee J. Goldblatt I. A. Laing P. N. LeSouëf W. R. Thomas 《Clinical and experimental allergy》2009,39(8):1170-1178
Background Atopic sensitization to the house dust mite (HDM) is associated with altered antibody responses to the nasopharyngeal colonizing bacterium Haemophilus influenzae and children admitted to the emergency department for asthma exacerbation have reduced IgG responses to HDM allergens.
Objective To investigate anti-bacterial and anti-allergen antibody responses during convalescence from asthma exacerbation and differences found in exacerbations associated with and without viral infection.
Results IgE antibodies to the P6 bacterial antigen increased in 60% of sera during convalescence and for many children achieved titres as high as IgE titres to allergens. In contrast IgE anti-HDM titres declined during convalescence. The anti-bacterial IgE titres were the same in subjects with and without virus infection while the anti-HDM IgE declined more rapidly in virus-infected subjects. IgG titres to the major HDM allergens showed no consistent increase and the overall IgG anti-HDM titres even declined in subjects without a virus infection. Anti-bacterial IgG antibodies in contrast to IgE did not change. Patients with frequent episodic or persistent asthma had similar IgE anti-bacterial titres to patients with infrequent asthma during the acute phase, although they had reduced IgG titres to both the bacteria and the HDM.
Conclusions During the period following an acute exacerbation of asthma there was a marked and specific increase in anti-bacterial IgE compared with a reduced IgE response to HDM. This provides further support for the concept of T-helper type 2 responses to bacterial antigens playing a role in asthma pathogenesis. 相似文献
Objective To investigate anti-bacterial and anti-allergen antibody responses during convalescence from asthma exacerbation and differences found in exacerbations associated with and without viral infection.
Results IgE antibodies to the P6 bacterial antigen increased in 60% of sera during convalescence and for many children achieved titres as high as IgE titres to allergens. In contrast IgE anti-HDM titres declined during convalescence. The anti-bacterial IgE titres were the same in subjects with and without virus infection while the anti-HDM IgE declined more rapidly in virus-infected subjects. IgG titres to the major HDM allergens showed no consistent increase and the overall IgG anti-HDM titres even declined in subjects without a virus infection. Anti-bacterial IgG antibodies in contrast to IgE did not change. Patients with frequent episodic or persistent asthma had similar IgE anti-bacterial titres to patients with infrequent asthma during the acute phase, although they had reduced IgG titres to both the bacteria and the HDM.
Conclusions During the period following an acute exacerbation of asthma there was a marked and specific increase in anti-bacterial IgE compared with a reduced IgE response to HDM. This provides further support for the concept of T-helper type 2 responses to bacterial antigens playing a role in asthma pathogenesis. 相似文献
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哮喘的本质是气道的炎性反应,规律吸入糖皮质激素和β2受体激动剂可控制哮喘,但在此治疗基础上呼吸道病毒感染仍可导致哮喘的发作。固有及适应性免疫缺陷削弱抗病毒反应,而过敏性炎性反应有协同作用。随着对其机制的深入了解,为开辟新的防治提供新思路。 相似文献
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Absence of back to school peaks in human rhinovirus detections and respiratory symptoms in a cohort of children with asthma 下载免费PDF全文
Sacha Stelzer‐Braid Euan R. Tovey Christiana M. Willenborg Brett G. Toelle Rose Ampon Frances L. Garden Brian G. Oliver Roxanne Strachan Yvonne Belessis Adam Jaffe Helen K. Reddel Daniel Crisafulli Guy B. Marks William D. Rawlinson 《Journal of medical virology》2016,88(4):578-587
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Epidemiological analysis and follow‐up of human rhinovirus infection in children with asthma exacerbation 下载免费PDF全文
Shou‐Yan Zheng MD Li‐Li Wang MD Luo Ren MD PhD Jian Luo MD Wei Liao MD PhD En‐Mei Liu MD PhD 《Journal of medical virology》2018,90(2):219-228
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Association of ambient air‐pollution levels with acute asthma exacerbation among children in Singapore 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
BACKGROUND: Air-pollution levels have been shown to be associated with increased morbidity of respiratory diseases. METHODS: Data for ambient air-pollutant levels, meteorologic factors, and hospitalization or emergency room (ER) visits for acute asthma in Singapore children over a 5-year period (1990-4) were obtained and analyzed for associations by time-series methods. RESULTS: Throughout this period, the annual mean and 24-h mean levels for sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and total suspended particles (TSP) and maximum 1-h daily average for ozone were generally within the air-quality guidelines established by the World Health Organization (WHO). However, positive correlation between levels of each of these pollutants and daily ER visits for asthma was observed in children aged 3-12 years, but not among adolescents and young adults (13-21 years old). The association with SO2 and TSP persisted after standardization for meteorologic and temporal variables. An adjusted increase in 2.9 ER visits for every 20 microg/m3 increase in atmospheric SO2 levels, lagged by 1 day, was observed on days when levels were above 68 microg/m3. With TSP, an adjusted increase of 5.80 ER visits for every 20 microg/m3 increase in its daily atmospheric levels, lagged by 1 day, was observed on days with levels above 73 microg/m3. Similar results were also obtained after controlling for autocorrelation by time-series analysis. CONCLUSIONS: These associations were observed even though the overall levels of all pollutants were generally within the air-quality guidelines established by the WHO. These findings suggest that asthmatic children are susceptible to increased levels of air pollutants, particularly SO2 and TSP, although the ambient levels are generally within "acceptable" ranges. 相似文献
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Nizar N. Jarjour MD James E. Gern MD Elizabeth A.B. Kelly PhD Cheri A. Swenson BS Claire R. Dick BS William W. Busse MD 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》2000,105(6):1169
Background: Viral respiratory tract infections are the most frequent cause of asthma exacerbations. Of the respiratory viruses associated with these exacerbations, rhinovirus (RV) is the most common. It is proposed that these RV infections may enhance airway inflammation and thus provoke asthma. Objective: It is our hypothesis that RV infections generate nasal proinflammatory mediators that are associated with an initial increase in circulating leukocytes and may contribute to later development of neutrophilic airway inflammation. Methods: To evaluate this hypothesis, subjects with a history of allergic asthma were experimentally inoculated with strain 16 RV (RV16). The effect of this experimental infection was evaluated on circulating leukocytes, nasal-derived mediators, and markers of bronchial inflammation that were obtained by bronchoscopy and lavage. Results: RV16 inoculation was associated with an initial increase in circulating neutrophils. Paralleling these acute changes in circulating neutrophils was an increase in nasal concentrations of IL-8 and granulocyte–colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). The RV16-associated changes in circulating and nasal G-CSF correlated with increases in peripheral blood neutrophils (rs = 0.874, P < .001 and rs = 0.898, P < .001, respectively). Bronchial lavage samples showed no increase in neutrophils 48 hours after RV16 inoculation; however, 96 hours after RV inoculation there was a significant increase in bronchial neutrophils compared with preinoculation values. Conclusions: These results suggest that the production of nasal mediators associated with the RV infection, particularly G-CSF, may be important to the eventual development of neutrophilic bronchial inflammation and thus contribute to asthma exacerbations. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000;105:1169-77.) 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic inflammation is a feature of asthma. However, serological markers to indicate eosinophil activation in this process are not fully defined. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship of serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) to asthma worsening and a marker for treatment effectiveness, 26 adult patients with an asthma exacerbation were identified. METHODS: Identified asthma subjects were treated with oral corticosteroids (prednisone) for 14 days. The lung function variables, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF), were determined as percentage of predicted and the blood total eosinophil count and serum ECP levels were measured. Patients were re-evaluated after 14 days of corticosteroid treatment and then every 3 months thereafter during a 12-month period. RESULTS: Eighteen patients responded to prednisone treatment, whereas eight did not, assessed as improvement of their lung function parameters. Different serum ECP patterns could be seen in the responders compared with the non-responders. All 18 responders had considerably increased serum ECP at the time of exacerbation, whereas the non-responders had lower serum ECP levels. The serum ECP levels decreased to a greater extent in the responder patient group than in the non-responder patients following prednisone treatment. This difference in patterns was not seen with total blood eosinophil counts. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that serum ECP may be used to predict a response to corticosteroid therapy in adult patients with asthma. 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Asthma control and prevention of exacerbations are primary objectives for asthma care. However there is a lack of universal definition of these notions which may therefore have a different meaning according to the physician's practice. METHODS: In the present survey, 1805 general practitioners, 551 pulmonologists, 176 allergologists and 470 resuscitation/emergency care physicians were randomly selected in fall 2001 and asked to answer one question on asthma control and three questions on asthma exacerbation. RESULTS: Regarding asthma control, the presence of minimum symptoms was the primary criterion for asthma specialists (pulmonologists and allergologists), while a normal respiratory function was first considered by nonspecialist physicians (general practitioners and emergency care physicians). The first criterion of mild exacerbation for asthma specialists was the occurrence during at least 2 days of an increase in the frequency of dyspnoea and/or the use of short-acting bronchodilators. For nonspecialist physicians, dyspnoea affecting daily activities and/or sleeping was the preferred notion. Hospitalization was unanimously recognized as the first criterion for severe exacerbations. A decrease in peak expiratory flow of more than 30% below the baseline value on two consecutive days and an episode requiring systemic corticosteroids were the next criteria. CONCLUSIONS: This survey emphasizes the complexity of the notions of asthma control and exacerbation and provides novel informations to orient continuing education programmes. 相似文献
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High levels of ambient environmental particulate matter (PM10 i.e. < 10 μm median aerodynamic diameter) have been linked to acute exacerbations of asthma. We examined the effects of delivering a single dose of Sydney PM10 by intranasal instillation to BALB/c mice that had been sensitized to ovalbumin and challenged repeatedly with a low (≈3 mg/m3) mass concentration of aerosolized ovalbumin for 4 weeks. Responses were compared to animals administered carbon black as a negative control, or a moderate (≈30 mg/m3) concentration of ovalbumin to simulate an allergen‐induced acute exacerbation of airway inflammation. Delivery of PM10 to mice, in which experimental mild chronic asthma had previously been established, elicited characteristic features of enhanced allergic inflammation of the airways, including eosinophil and neutrophil recruitment, similar to that in the allergen‐induced exacerbation. In parallel, there was increased expression of mRNA for interleukin (IL)‐33 in airway tissues and an increased concentration of IL‐33 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Administration of a monoclonal neutralizing anti‐mouse IL‐33 antibody prior to delivery of particulates significantly suppressed the inflammatory response induced by Sydney PM10, as well as the levels of associated proinflammatory cytokines in lavage fluid. We conclude that IL‐33 plays a key role in driving airway inflammation in this novel experimental model of an acute exacerbation of chronic allergic asthma induced by exposure to PM10. 相似文献