首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
目的:研究尾型同源盒转录因子2(CDX2)mRNA和DNA甲基化转移酶1(DNMT1)mRNA在胃癌组织中的表达,探讨其临床意义.方法:应用实时定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测60例患者胃癌与相应远癌胃组织中CDX2与DNMT 1mRNA的表达,并分析其与胃癌临床病理特征的关系以及两者表达的相关性.结果:CDX2和DNMT1 mRNA在远癌胃组织中表达较低,在胃癌组织中表达显著升高;CDX2 mRNA的表达与胃癌的Lauren分型、临床TNM分期和淋巴结转移等因素有关(P<0.05),而DNMT1 mRNA的表达与分化程度、临床TNM分期和淋巴结转移等因素有关(P<0.05).两者在胃癌中的表达呈明显负相关(r=-0.385,P<0.05).结论:胃癌组织中CDX2表达下调与病情进展有关,DNMT1可能参与该过程的调控.  相似文献   

2.
目的 探讨胃癌组织中原癌基因(C-erbB-2)和上皮生长因子受体(EGFR)蛋白的表达以及它们在胃癌的发生发展、浸润和转移中的作用.方法 采用免疫组化方法检测65例胃癌标本中C-erbB-2和EGFR蛋白的表达,并对其相关性进行分析,探讨它们与胃癌临床病理因素的关系.结果 C-erbB-2和EGFR蛋白的高表达与胃癌的生长方式、浸润深度、细胞分化程度、淋巴结转移及TNM分期均呈正相关;而与患者的性别、年龄及肿瘤的大小无明显关系.C-erbB-2与EGFR蛋白的表达呈正相关.结论 C-erbB-2和EGFR蛋白在胃癌组织中呈高表达,C-erbB-2和EGFR蛋白的表达与胃癌的侵袭、转移密切相关,两者可能存在协同作用.  相似文献   

3.
目的 研究鸟苷酸环化酶C(GC-C)和尾型同源盒转录因子2(CDX2)基因与蛋白在胃癌及癌前病变组织中的表达并探讨其临床意义.方法 收集30例手术切除的胃癌及相应癌旁5 cm胃黏膜组织,另32例非胃癌患者胃镜下取活检标本,其中23例肠上皮化生、9例异型增生.应用逆转录(RT)-PCR检测GC-C和CDX2 mRNA在胃癌及癌旁组织中的表达,Western印迹和间接免疫荧光组化技术检测GC-C和CDX2蛋白的表达,同时检测两者在肠上皮化生和异型增生中的表达.结果 RT-PCR显示GC-C和CDX2 mRNA在胃癌中的表达率分别为20/30和19/30,显著高于癌旁组织(0/30和0/30,P值均=0.000).Western印迹检测GC-C和CDX2蛋白在胃癌组织中表达率分别为19/30和17/30,显著高于癌旁组织(0/30和0/30,P值均=0.000).免疫荧光检测GC-C和CDX2在癌旁组织中不表达,在肠上皮化生组织中表达率为39.1 %和39.1%、异型增生组织为55.6%和55.6%、胃癌组织为56.7%和60.0%,与癌旁组织间差异有统计学意义(P值均=0.000).但在肠上皮化生、异型增生和胃癌间阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).两者在肠型胃癌中的表达高于弥漫型(P值分别=0.009和0.024),但与年龄、性别、病灶大小、临床病理分期、分化程度和淋巴结转移等因素无关(P值均>0.05).在肠上皮化生和胃癌中GC-C与CDX2的表达呈正相关(r分别=0.4524和0.3845,P分别=0.0371和0.0408).结论 GC-C和CDX2的异常表达与胃黏膜癌变的发生有关,可能参与人胃腺癌致癌过程的调节,检测GC-C与CDX2有助于早期胃癌和胃癌前病变诊断.  相似文献   

4.
目的探讨老年胃癌患者表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-9、斯钙素(STC)2蛋白表达及与临床病理的关系。方法选取88例胃癌术后胃癌组织标本,另选择同期检查的正常胃组织64例为对照组。结果胃癌组EGFR、MMP-9、STC2阳性表达率显著高于对照组(P0.05)。不同性别患者EGFR、MMP-9、STC2表达差异无统计学意义(P0.05),但不同肿瘤直径、浸润程度、淋巴转移、分化程度、临床分期患者EGFR、MMP-9、STC2表达差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。EGFR和MMP-9、EGFR和STC2、MMP-9和STC2表达均呈正相关(均P0.05)。结论 EGFR、MMP-9、STC2蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达上升,EGFR、MMP-9、STC2蛋白表达和临床病理特征密切相关。  相似文献   

5.
为探讨表皮生长因子受体 ( EGFR)及增殖细胞核抗原 ( PCNA)在胃癌中的表达 ,应用免疫组织化学技术 ,对胃癌和胃良性肿瘤组织中 EGFR和 PCNA分别进行定性和半定量检测 ,分析其与临床病理参数的关系。结果显示 1在胃良性肿瘤组织中 EGFR的表达率为 2 3 .0 8% ,PCNA L I为 2 7.80± 12 .2 0 ,明显低于胃癌组织中的表达率 ( 49.0 9% ,PCNA L I5 2 .73± 12 .2 5 ,P<0 .0 1)。2胃癌组织中 EGFR和 PCNA的表达与患者性别、年龄、病变部位、分型、组织学类型及分化程度无关 ( P均 >0 .0 5 ) ,而与临床分期、浸润深度及淋巴结转移情况相关 ( P <0 .0 5 ) ,表明联合检测 EGFR和 PCNA可作为判断胃癌恶性程度、预测淋巴结转移、制定合理治疗方案及评估预后的重要指标  相似文献   

6.
胃癌组织中EGFR和COX-2表达的意义及其相关性   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5  
目的:探讨表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)和环氧化酶-2(COX-2)的表达与胃癌侵袭、转移因素的关系以及EGFR与COX-2在胃癌组织中表达的相关性.方法:用免疫组化的方法检测61例胃癌组织和相应的20例癌旁组织石蜡切片中EGFR、COX-2表达情况:用Western blot方法检测10例胃癌组织和相应的癌旁组织中EGFR、COX-2蛋白的表达.结果:免疫组化检测胃癌组织中EGFR及COX-2的阳性表达率分别为36.07%、59.02%均明显高于癌旁组织的0%、25%(χ~2=9.903,P<0.01;χ~2=6.972,P<0.01);COX-2表达与浸润深度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期和病理分化程度有关(χ~2=6.333,P<0.05;χ~2=5.588,P<0.05;χ~2=8.826,P<0.01;χ~2=5.653,P<0.05).EGFR表达与淋巴结转移和TNM分期有关(χ~2 =10.648,P<0.01;χ~2=4.150,P<0.05).EGFR与COX-2表达呈明显相关(r=0.316,P<0.05).Western blot方法检测胃癌组织中EGFR及COX-2的蛋白表达高于癌旁组织(35.89±12.50 vs 15.14±2.15,P<0.01;51.29±23.42 vs 27.65±7.42,P<0.05).结论:EGFR、COX-2在胃癌组织中高表达,EGFR、COX-2的表达与胃癌的侵袭、转移密切有关,COX-2表达与EGFR显著相关.  相似文献   

7.
目的探讨老年胃癌组织中表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、人类表皮生长因子受体(HER)2及基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)7的表达及相关性。方法选择行手术治疗的100例胃癌患者的胃癌组织蜡块标本,从100例胃癌组织蜡块标本上随机抽取50例,提取其癌旁组织作为癌旁对照组。比较EGFR、HER2、MMP7在胃癌组和癌旁组织的关系,并记录其和常见临床病理参数之间的关系。结果在胃癌组织中EGFR、HER2、MMP7的阳性表达率明显比癌旁组织高(P<0.05);EGFR、HER2、MMP7在胃癌组织中的表达和淋巴结转移、不同浸润程度、不同分化程度之间具有显著差异(P<0.05);在胃癌组织中,EGFR、HER2、MMP7的表达均呈现正相关(P<0.05)。结论 EGFR、HER2、MMP7和老年胃癌中许多临床病理特征之间存在着密切的关系,且三者呈协同作用,可作为对病情的诊断、治疗、预后提供参考依据。  相似文献   

8.
目的:探讨CDX2表达与胃黏膜肠化生类型的关系.方法:利用免疫组化技术检测58例正常胃黏膜、184例肠化生和36例胃癌组织CDX2表达;利用HID-ABpH2.5-PAS将184例肠化生分为Ⅰ型81例, Ⅱ型62例和Ⅲ型41例.结果:正常胃黏膜CDX2阴性表达, 胃癌组织CDX2表达高于正常胃黏膜( P<0.01), 低于肠化生黏膜(59.8% vs 27.8%, P<0.01); Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型肠化生CDX2表达高于胃癌和Ⅲ型肠化生,差异均有统计学意义. 唾液酸黏蛋白着色的Ⅰ型肠化生CDX2呈清晰着色, 硫酸黏蛋白着色的Ⅲ型肠化生CDX2未见着色.结论:CDX2可作为判断肠化生分化程度的指标.  相似文献   

9.
[目的]应用免疫组织化学的方法检测胃癌组织中RhoC、C-myc、EGFR的表达,观察它们与胃癌临床病理特征的关系及三者之间的相关性.[方法]应用免疫组织化学染色SP法,检测60例胃癌组织中RhoC、C-myc及EGFR的表达情况,比较RhoC表达与临床病理指标的关系,及其与C-myc、EGFR表达的相关性.[结果]随着胃癌浸润深度的加深、分化程度的降低、淋巴结转移的发生,RhoC、C-myc及EGFR的阳性表达率逐渐增高;三者在胃癌组织中的表达呈正相关.[结论]RhoC的表达与胃癌生物学表现性能密切相关;在胃癌发展过程中,RhoC与C-myc和EGFR共同作用,参与细胞的癌变过程,并促进癌变细胞的浸润、转移.  相似文献   

10.
[目的]:探讨尾型同源盒转录因子-2(CDX2)在结直肠腺癌组织中的表达及其与预后的关系。[方法 ]采用免疫组化SP法检测CDX2在68例结直肠腺癌组织、30例结直肠腺瘤及30例正常结直肠组织中的表达情况,了解CDX2与结直肠腺癌患者临床病理特征的关系,并对患者进行随访。[结果]CDX2在结直肠腺癌、结直肠腺瘤及正常结肠组织中阳性表达率分别为52.9%(36/68)、76.7%(23/30)、90.0%(27/30),CDX2在结直肠腺癌组织中阳性表达率明显低于结直肠腺瘤及正常结肠组织(P0.05),CDX2阳性表达与患者肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移相关(P0.05),与患者性别、年龄、部位、形态及分化程度无相关性(P0.05)。CDX2阳性表达患者和阴性表达患者术后5年累积生存率分别为66.7%和53.1%,CDX2阴性表达患者术后生存时间较阳性患者明显缩短(χ2=5.565,P=0.018)。[结论]CDX2在结直肠腺癌组织中低表达,可能与结直肠腺癌的发生、发展及预后相关,可作为结直肠腺癌的参考指标,对结直肠腺癌诊断和预后评估具有重要意义。  相似文献   

11.
AIM: To investigate the expression of NOS in gastric carcinoma, and to explore the relationship between the expression of nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and p53, PCNA, pathological features and clinical staging of gastric cancer. METHODS: The activity of NOS protein was investigated in 85 samples of human gastric carcinoma and 25 samples of normal gastric mucosal tissue by biochemical assay. We then examined the expression of NOS, p53, PCNA in 85 samples of human gastric cancer was examined by immunohistochemistry, and NOS mRNA expression in 85 gastric cancer tissue specimens by In situ hybridization. RESULTS: Biochemical assay showed that the activity of NOS was significantly higher in gastric carcinoma than in normal gastric mucosal tissues (t=0.4161, P<0.01). Immunohistochemistry revealed that endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expressed in all samples of normal gastric mucosa, but only 6 cases of 85 gastric cancer specimens showed weak positive immunohistochemical reactions to eNOS (20%). Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was expressed strongly in human gastric carcinoma (81.2%). In situ hybridization analysis showed that iNOS mRNA expression was significantly stronger than eNOS mRNA expression in gastric cancer tissue (X~2 = 10.23, P<0.01). The expression of iNOS in gastric cancer was associated with differentiation, clinical stages or lymph node metastases (r=0.3426,P<0.05). However, iNOS expression did not correlate with histological classifications and morphological types. The expression of iNOS was significantly correlated with p53 or PCNA expression (r=0.3612, P<0.05). The expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) was not examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization in gastric cancer specimens and normal gastric mucosa. CONCLUSION: In human gastric cancer, there is an enhanced expression of iNOS, but not of eNOS. NOS promotes the proliferation of tumor cells and plays an important role in gastric cancer spread. Inactivation of antioncogene p53 and overexpression of iNOS might play a synergetic role in the process of carcinogenesis of human gastric carcinoma.  相似文献   

12.
热休克蛋白70在人胃腺癌发展过程中表达的意义   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
目的 探讨人胃腺癌发展过程中热休克蛋白70(HSP70)的表达与病理分型、浸润深度和淋巴结转移的关系。方法 应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测52例人胃腺癌组织中HSP70的表达。结果 胃腺癌和黏液腺癌的HSP70阳性率分别为64.29%和60.00%;高分化和低分化腺癌的HSP70阳性率分别为67.86%和50.00%;胃腺癌HSP70的阳性率在不同病理分型、不同分化程度的肿瘤之间差别均无显著意义。侵犯深度达浆膜和肌层的胃腺癌HSP70阳性率分别为75.68%和33.33%(P〈0.05)。有淋巴结转移和无淋巴结转移组中HSP70阳性率分别为73.33%和45.45%(P〈0.05)。结论 人胃腺癌HSP70中阳性率与淋巴结转移、侵犯深度有关,与病理分型无关。提示胃腺癌晚期HSP70的表达高于早期胃腺癌,检测核指标可为早期诊断胃腺癌提供理论依据。  相似文献   

13.
AIM: To investigate the relationship between methylation of Syk (spleen tyrosine kinase) gene in promoter region and oncogenesis, metastasis of gastric carcinoma. The relation between silencing of the Syk gene and methylation of Syk promoter region was also studied. METHODS: By using methylation-specific PCR (MSP) technique, the methylation of Syk promoter region in specimens from 61 gastric cancer patients (tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues) was detected. Meanwhile, RT-PCR was used to analyse syk expression exclusively. RESULTS: The expression of the Syk gene was detected in all normal gastric tissues. Syk expression in gastric carcinoma was lower in 14 out of 61 gastric cancer samples than in adjacent normal tissues (chi(2)=72.3, P<0.05). No methylation of Syk promoter was found in adjacent normal tissues. hypermethylation of Syk gene in promoter was detected 21 cases in 61 gastric carcinoma patients. The rate of methylation of Syk promoter in gastric carcinoma was higher than that in adjacent normal tissues (chi(2)=25.1, P<0.05). In 31 patients with lymph node metastasis, 17 were found with Syk promoter methylation. A significant difference was noted between two groups (chi(2)=11.4,P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Hypermethylation leads to silencing of the Syk gene in human gastric carcinoma. Methylation of Syk promoter is correlated to oncogenesis and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. Syk is considered to be a potential tumor suppressor and anti-metastasis gene in human gastric cancer.  相似文献   

14.
Significance of expression of heat shock protein90α in human gastric cancer   总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21  
AIM: To evaluate the significance of hsp90α expression in human gastric cancer tissues. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining was used in clinical specimens from 33 cases of gastric cancer and 33 cases of gastritis with rabbit anti-human hsp90α multi-clonal antibody in order to explore the relationship between the expression of hsp90α in gastric carcinoma tissue and gastritis tissue as well as in mucous membrane adjacent to cancer and lymph node metastasis.RESULTS: Hsp90α was detected in 88% of gastric carcinoma cases and 55 % of gastritis cases. The hsp90α positive rate in gastric cancer group was significantly higher than that in gastritis group (P&lt;0.01, P=0.005). The hsp90α positive rate in gastric cancer and in mucous membrane adjacent to cancer was 88% and 55 % respectively (P&lt;0.01,P=0.005). The hsp90α positive rate in lymph node metastasis group and non-lymph node metastasis group was 100% and 60% respectively, and a significant correlation between hsp90α expression and lymph node metastasis was shown (P&lt;0.01,P=0.005). CONCLUSION: The hsp90α expression rate in gastric cancer group was significantly higher than that in gastritis group as well as that in the group of mucous membrane adjacent tocancer. The hsp90α expression in lymphatic node metastasis group was higher than that in non-lymphatic node metastasisgroup. The results indicate that increased hsp90α expression has a close relationship with occurrence and lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer.  相似文献   

15.
Expression of COX-2 proteins in gastric mucosal lesions   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
AIM: To investigate the expression of COX-2 proteins in gastric mucosal lesions and to assess the relationship between COX-2 expression and type, pathologic stage, differentiation, or lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer and the relationship between COX-2 expression and H pylori infection in gastric mucosal lesions. METHODS: Thirty patients with gastric carcinoma underwent surgical resection. Samples were taken from tumor site and paracancerous tissues, and ABC immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of COX-2 proteins. H pylori was determined by rapid urea test combined with pathological stating/14C urea breath test. RESULTS: The positive rate and staining intensity of mutant COX-2 gene expression in gastric cancer were significantly higher than those in paracancerous tissues (66.7% vs 26.7%) (P<0.01, P<0.001). There was a significant correlation between COX-2 and pathologic stage or lymph node metastasis type of gastric carcinoma (76.0% vs 20.0%, 79.2% vs 16.7%) (P<0.05). No correlation was found between COX-2 expression and type or grade of differentiation (P>0.05). COX-2 expression of intestinal metaplasia (IM) or dysplasia (DYS) with positive H pylori was significantly higher than that with negative H pylori (50.6% vs 18.1%, 60.0% vs 33.3%) (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: COX-2 overexpression was found in a large proportion of gastric cancer tissues compared with matched non-cancerous tissues and was significantly associated with advanced tumor stage and lymph node metastasis. Overexpression of COX-2 plays an important role in tumor progression of gastric cancer. COX-2 may also play a role in the early development/promotion of gastric carcinoma and is associated with H pylori infection.  相似文献   

16.
目的 探讨尾型同源盒转录因子2(CDX2)、黏蛋白2(MUC2)在胃黏膜肠上皮化生组织中的表达情况及其临床意义.方法 选择2011年1月至2014年5月于宁夏医科大学总医院消化内科就诊并行内镜活检的152例患者,根据病理检查结果将其分为非萎缩性胃炎组(32例)、萎缩性胃炎组(31例)、低级别上皮内瘤变组(24例)、高级...  相似文献   

17.
目的探讨PTEN/PI3K/AKT蛋白、miR-21在青海藏族及汉族胃癌患者癌组织中的表达差异。方法选取2016年12月至2018年12月我院胃肠外科进行手术的78例胃癌患者为研究对象(藏族38例,汉族40例)。采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测癌组织标本及癌旁组织中miR-21水平,采用免疫组化染色法检测PTEN/PI3K/AKT蛋白,分析不同民族胃癌患者不同组织PTEN/PI3K/AKT蛋白、miR-21表达情况,同时分析其与临床病理特征之间的关系。结果汉族、藏族胃癌患者癌组织中miR-21表达水平高于癌旁组织(P<0.05),且汉族癌组织中miR-21表达水平明显高于藏族(P<0.05)。汉族、藏族胃癌患者癌组织中PTEN、PI3K、AKT蛋白阳性率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中汉族胃癌组织中PTEN蛋白阳性率低于藏族,但PI3K、AKT蛋白阳性率高于藏族(P<0.05)。两民族胃癌组织中的PTEN、AKT蛋白、miR-21表达与TNM分期、分化程度、淋巴转移相关(P<0.05),PI3K蛋白表达与TNM分期、淋巴转移相关(P<0.05)。在汉族、藏族胃癌患者中,miR-21与PTEN蛋白均呈负相关,与PI3K、AKT蛋白均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论PTEN在藏族、汉族胃癌患者中表达水平降低,且汉族表达低于藏族,且PTEN与PI3K、AKT呈负相关,miR-21可能通过抑制PTEN,激活PI3K、AKT信号通路从而参与胃癌患者的发生、发展。  相似文献   

18.
目的探讨凋亡基因Survivin、Fas在胃癌发生过程中的表达、临床意义及和幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染的关系。方法采用分子原位杂交分别检测12例正常胃黏膜、22例浅表性胃炎、25例肠上皮化生、37例异型增生及52例胃癌组织中的Survivin-mRNA和Fas-mRNA表达,并检测患者Hp感染状况。结果Survivin-mRNA在肠上皮化生、异型增生组和胃癌组织中的阳性率分别为28.0%、43.2%和69.2%。胃癌组明显高于肠化和异型增生组(P〈0.01;P〈0.05)。胃癌组Fas-mRNA阳性率为36.5%,显著低于对照组和异型增生组(P均〈0.01)。Survivin-mRNA在高分化、中分化和低分化及未分化型胃癌组织中阳性率呈现递增趋势,而且其表达和淋巴结转移、远处转移密切相关。Fas-mRNA阳性率在高、中和低分化及未分化型胃癌患者中呈现递减趋势,且其表达和淋巴结转移密切相关。异型增生患者Survivin-mRNA表达与Hp感染之间呈明显正相关(P〈0.01)。相关回归分析显示胃癌患者各病理分期中Survivin-mRNA与Fas-mRNA表达呈负相关。结论在胃黏膜癌变过程中,Survivin的表达和作用逐渐上调,而Fas的表达和作用逐渐下调,而且在癌前病变组织中Survivin表达和Hp感染有密切关系;在胃癌组织中Survivin和Fas的表达呈负相关。  相似文献   

19.
目的探讨表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)在老年大肠癌组织中的表达及其临床意义.方法采用免疫组化SABC法对87例大肠癌、14例大肠炎性黏膜和26例大肠腺癌样息肉进行检测。结果 EGFR在大肠炎性黏膜、腺瘤样息肉和大肠癌中阳性率分别为21.43%、46.15%和54.02%,其中RGFR在炎性黏膜中表达率明显低于腺瘤样息肉和大肠癌(P〈0.05);EGFR表达与大肠癌浸润深度和淋巴结转移有相关性(P〈0.05)。结论:EGFR过度表达,在老年大肠癌的发生过程中可能起重要作用;检测EGFR对于指导临床治疗和判断预后有重要意义。  相似文献   

20.
目的探讨lncRNA LOXL1-AS1在胃癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法实时荧光PCR(qRT-PCR)检测89对胃癌组织及癌旁组织标本中lncRNA LOXL1-AS1的表达情况,并分析其与各临床病理因素的相关性;利用Kaplan Meier plotter数据库分析不同LOXL1-AS1表达状态下胃癌患者的总生存率差异,探讨LOXL1-AS1表达评估胃癌患者预后的价值。结果胃癌组织LOXL1-AS1表达量显著高于癌旁组织(P<0.05);胃癌组织中LOXL1-AS1表达量与患者肿瘤直径、局部淋巴结转移、远处转移和TNM分期密切相关(P<0.05),但与患者年龄、性别、腹膜转移、肿瘤分化程度等无相关性(P>0.05);Kaplan Meier plotter数据库纳入分析了631例病例样本,其中455例为高表达,176例为低表达。LOXL1-AS1高表达组胃癌患者生存率显著低于LOXL1-AS1低表达组患者,差异有统计学意义(HR=1.52,95%CI:1.17~1.97,P=0.0014)。结论LOXL1-AS1在胃癌中高表达,可能参与了胃癌发生、发展过程;LOXL1-AS1可能作为预测胃癌患者预后评估的指标。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号